Invertebrate Fauna of Korea

Volume 21, Number 21 Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda: Palaemonidae, Hippolytidae, Processidae, Pandalidae Shrimps II

Flora and Fauna of Korea

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment

ISBN 978-89-97462-78-0 Russia

CB Chungcheongbuk-do CN Chungcheongnam-do HB GB Gyeongsangbuk-do China GG Gyeonggi-do YG GN Gyeongsangnam-do GW Gangwon-do HB Hamgyeongbuk-do JG HN Hamgyeongnam-do HWB Hwanghaebuk-do HN HWN Hwanghaenam-do PB JB Jeollabuk-do JG Jagang-do JJ Jeju-do JN Jeollanam-do PN PB Pyeonganbuk-do PN Pyeongannam-do YG Yanggang-do HWB HWN GW East Sea GG GB (Ulleung-do) Yellow Sea CB CN GB

JB GN JN

JJ South Sea Invertebrate Fauna of Korea

Volume 21, Number 21 Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda: Palaemonidae, Hippolytidae, Processidae, Pandalidae Shrimps II

2012

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment

Invertebrate Fauna of Korea

Volume 21, Number 21 Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda: Palaemonidae, Hippolytidae, Processidae, Pandalidae Shrimps II

Published by the National Institute of Biological Resources Environmental Research Complex, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea www.nibr.go.kr

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the National Institute of Biological Resources.

ISBN : 9788997462780-96470 Government Publications Registration Number 11-1480592-000386-01

Printed by Junghaengsa, Inc. in Korea on acid-free paper

Publisher : Sang Pal Lee Project Staff : Joo-Lae Cho, Ye Eun, Sang-Hoon Han

Published on December 24, 2012

The Flora and Fauna of Korea logo was designed to represent six major target groups of the project including vertebrates, invertebrates, insects, algae, fungi, and bacteria. The book cover and the logo were designed by Jee-Yeon Koo. Preface

The adoption of the “Nagoya protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization” in 2010 led to the realization of international stan- dardization in the fulfillment of the biological sovereignty and the exploration and preservation of indigenous biological organisms will play a critical role in enhancing the national development and the international competitiveness. Most developed countries had already organized the information of species inhabiting in their territories to claim their severeignty over those biological resources, but in this respect Korea was outpaced by these countries. In order to effectively secure, use and manage the indigenous biological organisms it is imperative to systematically understand them at the national level and to organize them to publish in the Flora and Fauna of Korea. Recognizing the importance of its securement and management in taking the initiative in bio- industry in future, National Institute of Biological Resources of the Ministry of Environment has been publishing the Flora and Fauna of Korea for systematic and efficient management of biological resources of our own. For the last 5 years, professional research groups consisting of relevant professors and the like conducted systematic surveys and organizations for a variety of and wide range of taxa. As a result, 65 issues of Flora and Fauna of Korea, both in Korean and in English, covering 7,709 species and two issues of world monograph covering 216 species were published and 25 issues of Flora and Fauna of Korea, both in Korean and in English, covering 1,313 species are published this year. These efforts serve not only to identify indigenous species living in Korea and to provide the scientific evidences and certifications to claim the sovereign rights over indigenous biological resources in Korea, but also provide the opportunity to prepare the framework for the biotechnological indus- trialization of biological resources. Finally I would like to express sincere appreciation for Dr. Jung Nyun Kim of National Fisheries Research and Development Institute who did not spare his efforts to publish Biological Magazine.

Sang Pal Lee President NIBR

Contents

List of Taxa 3 Introduction 5 Materials and Methods 6 Taxonomic Notes 9 1. Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis) 11 2. Exopalaemon orientis (Holthuis) 13 3. Palaemon gravieri (Yu) 15 4. Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun 17 5. Palaemon ortmanni (Rathbun) 19 6. Palaemon paucidens De Haan 20 7. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson) 22 8. Palaemon tenuidactylus Liu, Liang and Yan 24 9. Birulia kishinouyei (Yokoya) 26 10. Eualus middendorffi Brashnikov 29 11. Eualus sinensis (Yu) 30 12. Eualus spathulirostruis (Yokoya) 31 13. Latreutes anoplonyx Kemp 34 14. Latreutes planirostris (De Haan) 35 15. Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius) 37 16. Lysmata vittata (Stimpson) 39 17. Hayashidonus japonicus (De Haan) 41 18. Processa sulcata Hayashi 43 19. Processa zostericola Hayashi 45 20. Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa) 48 21. Pandalopsis japonica Blass 50 22. Pandalus eous Makarov 52 23. Pandalus gracilis Stimpson 54 24. Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt 56 25. Pandalus prensor Stimpson 57 26. Plesionika grandis Doflein 60 27. Plesionika izumiae Omori 62 28. Plesionika lophotes Chace 64 29. Plesionika narval (Fabricius) 66 30. Plesionika orientalis Chace 67 31. Plesionika ortmanni Doflein 69 32. Procletes levicarina (Bate) 71 Literature Cited 74 Plates 80 2 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

Index to Korean Names 94 Index to Korean Names as Pronounced 96 Index to Scientific Names 98 3

List of Taxa

Phylum Arthropoda Lamarck, 1801 Subphylum Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802 Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892 Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Suborder Pleocyemata Burkenroad, 1963 Infraorder Caridea Dana, 1852 Family Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 Genus Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) Exopalaemon orientis (Holthuis, 1950) Genus Palaemon Weber, 1795 Palaemon gravieri (Yu, 1930) Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 Palaemon ortmanni (Rathbun, 1902) Palaemon paucidens De Haan, 1841 Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860) Palaemon tenuidactylus Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990 Family Hippolytidae Bate, 1888 Genus Birulia Brashnikov, 1903 Birulia kishinouyei (Yokoya, 1930) Genus Eualus Thallwitz, 1892 Eualus middendorffi Brashnikov, 1907 Eualus sinensis (Yu, 1931) Eualus spathulirostruis (Yokoya, 1933) Genus Latreutes Stimpson, 1860 Latreutes anoplonyx Kemp, 1914 Latreutes planirostris (De Haan, 1844) Genus Lebbeus White, 1847 Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius, 1775) Genus Lysmata Risso, 1816 Lysmata vittata (Stimpson, 1860) Family Processidae Ortmann, 1890 Genus Hayashidonus Chace, 1993 Hayashidonus japonicus (De Haan, 1844) Genus Processa Leach, 1815 Processa sulcata Hayashi, 1975 Processa zostericola Hayashi, 1975 Family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825 Genus Chlorotocus A. Milne Edwards, 1882 Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa, 1871) 4 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

Genus Pandalopsis Bate, 1888 Pandalopsis japonica Blass, 1914 Genus Pandalus Leach, 1814 Pandalus eous Makarov, 1935 Pandalus gracilis Stimpson, 1860 Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt, 1851 Pandalus prensor Stimpson, 1860 Genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 Plesionika grandis Doflein, 1902 Plesionika izumiae Omori, 1971 Plesionika lophotes Chace, 1985 Plesionika narval (Fabricius, 1787) Plesionika orientalis Chace, 1985 Plesionika ortmanni Doflein, 1902 Genus Procletes Bate, 1888 Procletes levicarina (Bate, 1888) 5

Introduction

Shrimps belong to the order Decapoda, class Crustacea (Phylum Arthropoda), which includes the suborder Dendrobranchiata, infraorder Stenopodidea, infraorder Procaridoidea and infraorder Caridea. Previously, shrimps were placed in the suborder Macrura, except infraorder Palinuridea, infraorder Cambaridea or suborder Natantia. A total of 4048 shrimp species have been reported in the world (De Grave and Fransen, 2011). Among these, 533 species in 68 genera belonging to 7 families are included in the suborder Dendrobranchiata, 71 species of 12 genera in 3 families belong in the infraorder Stenopodidea, and 6 species of 2 genera in a single family belong in the infraorder Procarididea. The largest group, infraorder Caridea contains 3438 species distributed in 389 genera in 35 families. They are present in a variety of habitats, such as lakes, caves, deep-sea, polar and tropic regions in the world. Caridean shrimps are popular not only for fisheries, but also as aquarium pets. Western countries including the United States publish numerous results of scientific researches based on open sea exploration, whilst French scientists and their collaborators also have been reporting the results of many taxonomic researches in series resulting from their ocean explorations in the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. Numerous research outputs on shrimps in the world continue to force changes and reorganization in the taxonomic status of shrimp species. Taking into account marine zoogeography, Korean waters can be divided into three discrete areas: the South Sea, which is directly influenced by warm currents; the West Sea, which is relatively less affected by warm currents and the East Sea under cold water influence. In addition, numerous islands and long coastlines in the West and South Seas of Korea comprise various habitats of high species diversity and richness. However, a paucity in both research and too few scientists have combined to create a lack of progress on shrimp studies in Korea. Also, new records of species to the Korean waters as a result of global climate changes are increasing. Thus, faster and more systematically orientated researches on shrimp in Korean waters are urgently required. 6

Materials and Methods

Specimens examined in the present study are deposited in the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI). Specimens formerly belonging to the Laboratory of Invertebrate Zoology, Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University (PUIZ) are now deposited in NFRDI. In the systematic account, the arrangement of families follows Holthuis (1993), genera and species are arranged in alphabetical order within the families. In the key, the taxa are from Korean waters only and those examined in this study are indicated by an asterisk (*). The terminology for the various body parts used in the text is indicated in Fig. 1. The other terminology is as follows: Abdominal sternite: ventral surface of each abdominal somite. Abdominal sternum: collective term for all abdominal sternites. Appendix interna: projection of endopod of each pleopod. Appendix masculina: median process of endopod of second pleopod in male. Arthrobranch: branchia (gill) attached to point of articulation (articular membrane) between basal segment (coxa) of thoracic appendage and body wall.

eye pterygostomian antennal spine spine orbit eyetalk cornea stylocerite abdominal somites rostrum carapace antennule hepatic spine antenna pleura third maxilliped palm finger (dactylus) subdivided carpus

ischium mersus chela pleopods carpus

propodus pereopods basis

coxa dactylus exopod

telson endopod

uropod

Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of a caridean shrimp in lateral view. Materials and Methods 7

Caridiac notch: notch on posterior margin of carapace Fixed spine: immovable spine which base fixed. Movable spine: spine which base connected with articulation. Pleurobranch: branchia (gill) attached directly to body wall above base of thoracic appendages. Podobranch: branchia (gill) attached to basal segment (coax) of thoracic appendages. Phyllobranch: Type of branchia (gill) whose axis bears series of broad and flattened, leaf-like branches. Somite: one in a series of divisions of body; head (cephalon) consist of five somites, thorax of eight somites, and abdomen of six somite; each somite basically consist of dorsal tergite, ventral sternite, and lateral pleurites. Tail fan: posterior fan-like structure formed by combination of uropods and telson. Thoracic somite: consists of eight thoracic somites, bearing pair of first to third maxillipeds and first to fifth pereopods. Thoracic sternite: ventral surface of each thoracic somite. Thoracic sternum: collective term for all thoracic sternites. The carapace length (CL) was measured from the posterior margin of the orbit to the middorsal posterial margin of the carapace along the median plane.

Taxonomic Notes

Subphylum Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 Gab-gak-a-mun (갑각아문)

Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802 Yeon-gab-a-gang (연갑강)

Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892 Jin-yeon-gab-a-gang (진연갑아강)

Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Sib-gak-mok (십각목)

Suborder Pleocyamata Burkenroad, 1963 Beom-bae-a-mok (범배아목)

Infraorder Caridea Dana, 1852 Saeng-i-ha-mok (생이하목)

Pleura of second abdominal somite overlapping those of first and third segments. No chelae on the third pereopods. Gills phyllobranchiate.

FAMILIES 35 (11 in Korea), genera 389 (49 in Korea), species 3438 (119 in Korea).

Key to the families of infraorder Caridea

1. First pair of pereopods subchelate, dactylus closing against the subtruncate distal margin of the propodus which often ends in a spine ····························································Crangonidae - First pair of pereopods chelate or simple·················································································2 2. First and second pereopods similar, with long, slender fingers that are pectinate by the presence of long, narrow teeth on the cutting edge·····························································Pasiphaeidae - Fingers of first and second pereopods not all pectinate with long slender teeth; those legs often very dissimilar························································································································3 3. Carpus of second pair of pereopods entire, not subdivided. First pair of pereopods always with well developed chelae·············································································································4 - Carpus of second pair of pereopods usually subdivided into two or more segments; if not, first pair of pereopods not chelae ···································································································7 10 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

4. Pereopod 1 and 2 similar; fingers extremely long and slender, more than 10 times as long as high, and more than 5 times as long as the short palm, without teeth but with long hairs ·················· ··························································································································Stylodactylidae - Fingers of first and second pereopods not extremely long·······················································5 5. First and second pereopods with the chelae similar; the fingers usually with a dense tuft of setae at the apex····················································································································Atyidae - First and second pereopods without dense tufts of setae at the end of fingers·························6 6. Rostrum movable or at least incompletely fused with the rest of the carapace. First pair of pereopods stronger and heavier, though often shorter, than second·····················Rhynchocinetidae - Rostrum completely fused with the rest of the carapace, immovable. First pair of pereopods usually more slender than, rarely subequal to second pair ································*Palaemonidae 7. Right first pereopod chelate, left usually simple, terminating in a palm claw-like dactylus; if both first legs chelate, the rostrum shows a distal setose notch formed by a subdistal dorsal tooth; no other teeth on the rostrum················································································*Processidae - Both first pereopod either simple or chelate ············································································8 8. First pair of pereopods with chela microscopically small or absent ························*Pandalidae - First pair of pereopods distinctly chelate·················································································9 9. Eye unusually elongated, reaching nearly to distal end of antennular peduncle. First pair of pereopods about as robust as second pair ·······························································Ogyrididae - Eye not elongated, short, not reaching beyond the end of first segment of the antennular peduncle, sometimes covered by the carapace. First pair of pereopods more robust than second pair ··10 10. Carapace with caridiac notch in posterior margin. Eye often partly or entirely covered by the carapace. First pair of pereopods often unequal and swollen···································Alpheidae - Carapace without caridiac notch. Eye not covered. First pair of pereopods usually equal, not swollen···············································································································*Hippolytidae

Family Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 Jing-geo-mi-sae-u-gwa (징거미새우과)

Carapace without complete longitudinal suture. Telson usually with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin. Antennule with 2 completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch. Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment neither articulated with nor much wider than next proximal segment. Second pereopod with dactylus usually not distinctly serrate on extensor margin. Second pleopod with appendix masculina in male.

GENERA 137 (8 in Korea), species 981 (23 in Korea).

Key to the subfamilies and genera of Palaemonidae

1. Telson usually with 2 pairs of posterior marginal spines···································*Palaemoninae 2 - Telson usually with 3 pairs of posterior marginal spines ········································Pontoninae 4 2. Carapace without branchiostegal spine································································Macrobrachium - Carapace with branchiostegal spine··························································································3 3. Rostrum with elevated basal crest of teeth ·····························································*Exopalaemon - Rostrum without elevated basal crest of teeth ·····························································*Palaemon Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Exopalaemon 11

Genus Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 Mil-sae-u-sok (밀새우속)

Rostrum with elevated dentate basal crest. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegral spines and branchiostegal suture, without hepatic spine. Fourth thoracic sternite without slender median process. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines. Posterior 3 pairs of pereopods with dactylus simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than propodus. Endopod of male first pleopod without appendix interna. Type species: Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840).

SPECIES 10 (4 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Exopalaemon

1. Fourth and fifth pereopods very long and filamentous ···········································E. annandalei - Fourth and fifth pereopods normal in shape·············································································2 2. Rostrum without tooth on apex. Telson with angulated tip. Inhabits fresh water·····E. modestus - Rostrum with 1-2 teeth on dorsal apex. Telson tapering with acute pointed tip. Inhabits in brackish or salt water ························································································································3 3. Abdomen dorsally rouned. Carpus of second pereopod about 1.2-1.4 times as long as movable finger ·························································································································*E. orientis - Abdomen with middordsal carina on third to sixth somites. Carpus of second pereopod about 0.6 times as long as movable finger·······································································*E. carinicauda

1. Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) (Fig. 2, Pl. 1) Mil-sae-u (밀새우)

Leander longirostris carinatus Ortmann, 1890, p. 521 [type locality: China]. Leander carinatus: Doflein, 1902, p. 639; Parisi, 1919, p. 77, pl. 4, fig. 3, pl. 6, figs. 8, 9; Urita, 1926, p. 428; Yu, 1930, p. 556; Yoshida, 1941, p. 28, pl. 7, fig. 2; Kubo, 1942, p. 62, figs. 14C, 19K, V, 22L, 23Q, V, 24K, V, 25M, M’, 26M, W, 28I, R, 29K, 33 (lower). Leander styliferous carinatus Balss, 1914, p. 57; 1924, p. 50. Palaemon (Exopalaemon) carinicauda Holthuis, 1950, p. 48; Liu, 1955, p. 48, pl. 17, fig. 1. Exopalaemon carinicauda: Holthuis, 1980, p. 82; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 245, fig. 37; Cha et al., 2001, p. 71, 3 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum long, 1.1-1.5 times as long as carapace, reaching beyond antennal scale by anterior 0.3; deep in proximal 0.3, becoming very thin toward tip; dorsal crest armed with 7-8 teeth, extending backwards to about middle of carapace; ventral margin with 5-6 teeth; tip dorsally usually 1 tooth. Carapace with antennal spine weak, branchiostegal spine strong. Third to sixth abdominal somites with middorsal carina; sixth somite about 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson dorsally rounded, with 2 pairs of small dorsolateral spines in posterior half; posterior margin with 2 pairs of closely set subterminal small spines. Eye rather slender, cornea slightly wider than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle 12 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A, B, D-F

Fig. 2. Exopalaemon carinicauda, ovigerous female (CL 18.0 mm) from Ganghwa Island. A. arapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. third to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. distal part of telson, dorsal; D. left antennal scale, dorsal; E. left second pereopod, lateral; F. left fifth pereopod, lateral. Scales: A, B, D-F=2 mm, C=1 mm.

reaching about 0.7 of antennal scale; stylocerite rather small, nearly reaching middle of first segment. Antennal scale rather broad, about 3.0 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, with distolateral tooth stout, falling short of rounded distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale. First pereopod slender, reaching distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod stout, overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by half of dactylus, finger (dactylus) slender, palm stout about 2.6 times as long as wide, 0.6 times as long as dactylus, carpus 0.6 times Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Exopalaemon 13 as long as dactylus. Third to fifth pereopods slender, reaching distal margin of antennal scale. Third pereopod with dactylus subspatulate; propodus 1.1 times as long as dactylus; carpus 0.6 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod with prpodus 2.1-2.3 times as long as dactylus, carpus 0.8-0.9 times as long as dactylus.

HABITAT: littoral marine waters. COLOR: Body transparent, with many bluish-black spots in live specimens (Pl. 1). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, China, Hong Kong. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GG 1♂ (CL 16.1 mm), 1♀ (CL 17.1 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (CL 18.0 mm) (Ganghwa Island: 13.xii.2000); 2♀♀ (CL 19.1, 19.2 mm) (Ganghwa Island: 21.iv.2002).

2. Exopalaemon orientis (Holthuis, 1950) (Fig. 3, Pl. 2) Huin-sae-u (흰새우)

Leander longirostris japonicus Ortmann, 1890, p. 519 [type locality: Tokyo Bay, Japan]; Doflein, 1902, p. 639. Leander japoniuas: Balss, 1914, p. 58; Parisi, 1919, p. 77, pl. 6, fig. 10; Yu, 1930, p. 553; Kubo, 1937, p. 346, figs. 2K, 2L, 3R, 3S; Yoshida, 1941, p. 28, pl. 7, fig. 1; Kubo, 1942, p. 57, figs. 14A, B, 15, 16C, 17, 19J, U, 20L, 22K, 23P, U, 24J, U, 25L, L’, 26L, V, 27J, U, 28H, S, 29J, 33. Palaemon japonicus: Rathbun, 1902, p. 50; Urita, 1921, p. 214. Palaemon (Exopalaemon) orientis Holthuis, 1950, p. 49; Kim, 1977, p. 216, figs. 80, 81, pl. 49, fig. 34; Miyake, 1982, p. 29; Chan and Yu, 1985, p. 124, fig. 5, pl. 1, fig. E. Exopalaemon orientis: Holthuis, 1980, p. 83; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 246, fig. 38; Cha et al., 2001, p. 75, 2 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum long, 1.6-1.7 times as long as carapace, overreaching antennal scale by anterior 0.4; distal 0.6 very slender, slightly obliquetly upwards; dorsal crest with 6-8 teeth, posterior most tooth on carapace, tip bifid with minute accessory tooth; ventral armed with 4-6 teeth. Carapace with antennal spine small, branchiostegal spine large. Abdomen dorsally rounded; sixth somite rather long, 0.8 times as long as telson. Telson about 4.0 times as long as proximal wide; dorsolateral margin with 2 pairs of small spines; posterior margin provided with 2 pairs of small spines. Eye rather slender; cornea much swollen, occupying distal 0.4. Antennular peduncle slightly falling short of distolateral tooth of antennal scale; stylocerite rather small, slightly falling short of middle of first segment. Antennal scale broad, 2.7-2.8 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, ending in stout tooth which falling short of distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale; ultimate segment about 0.7 times as long as penultimate segment. First pereopod slender, reaching distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod rather slender, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; movable finger (dactylus) slender, palm 3.3 times as long as wide, 0.7-0.8 times as long as dactylus, carpus 1.2-1.4 times as long as dactylus. Third to fifth pereopods similar each other, slender, slightly falling short of distal margin of antennal scale. Third pereopod with dactylus subspatulate, rather short; propodus 1.4-1.7 times as long as dactylus; carpus 0.8-0.9 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod with propodus 2.1-2.8 times as long as dactylus, carpus 14 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A-C C

Fig. 3. Exopalaemon orientis, female (CL 15.5 mm) from Nakdong River Estuary. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

1.0-1.4 times as long as dactylus.

COLOR: Body transparent with many tiny brown spots in live specimens (Pl. 2). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan. KOREA: JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 1♂ (CL 11.2 mm), 3♀♀ (CL 12.1-15.5 mm) (Nakdong River Estuary Busan: 11.ii.1999); 2♀♀ (CL 6.2, 11.6 mm) (Dadaepo Busan: 12.xii.2001). REMARKS: This species is very closely related to E. carinicauda but it is easily distinguished from the latter by having the long carpus of second pereopod, 1.2-1.4 times as long as the movable finger and no middorsal carinae on the third to sixth abdominal somites.

Genus Palaemon Weber, 1795 Jul-sae-u-sok (줄새우속)

Rostrum without elevated basal crest. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegal spines and branchiostegal suture, without hepatic spine. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines. Fourth thoracic sternite with slender median process. Posterior 3 pairs of pereopods with dactylus simple, shorter than propodus. Endopod of male first pleopod without marginal appendix interna. Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 15

Type species: Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837.

SPECIES 41 (9 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Palaemon

1. Carpus of second pereopod longer than chela. Inhabits usually fresh water ····························2 - Carpus of second pereopod subequal or shorter than chela. Inhabits in brackish or salt water····3 2. Rostrum with usually 1 dorsal subterminal tooth. Appendix masculina large, about 2 times as long as appendix interna, fringed with rather thickly set setae along mesial margin ··················· ·································································································································*P. paucidens - Rostrum without dorsal subterminal tooth. Appendix masculina small, less than 1.5 times as long as appendix interna, fringed with setae distal margin onl·····································P. miyadii 3. Carpus of second pereopod subequal to chela in length···································P. guangdongensis - Carpus of second pereopod shorter than chela ·········································································4 4. Rosturm long, more than 1.5 times as long as carapace, remarkablely recurved upwards ··········· ·································································································································*P. ortmanni - Rosturm moderate, slightly short or longer than carapace, straight or slightly upward in apex····5 5. Dactylus of third pereopod more than 0.5 times as long as propodus ·······································6 - Dactylus of third pereopod about or less than 0.5 times as long as propodus····························7 6. Dactylus of second pereopod subequal to palm in length ···········································*P. gravieri - Dactylus of second pereopod longer than palm··················································*P. tenuidactylus 7. Dactylus of third pereopod about 0.5 times as long as propodus·······················*P. macrodactylus - Dactylus of third pereopod about 0.3 times as long as propodus ··············································8 8. Rostrum moderately recurved upwards in distal half, dorsally armed with 6-11 (mostly 7 or 8) teeth and 2 or 3 subterminal teeth···············································································P. pacificus - Rostrum entirely straight (sometimes slightly recurved upwards at tip), dorsally armed with 9- 16 (mostly 10 or 11) teeth inculing 1 subterminal tooth ················································*P. serrifer

3. Palaemon gravieri (Yu, 1930) (Fig. 4, Pl. 3) Geu-ra-bi-sae-u (그라비새우)

Leander gravieri Yu, 1930, p. 564, fig. 3a-c [type locality: Tientsin and Tangkoo, China]; Kubo, 1942, p. 48, figs. 19E, P, 20E, 21E, 22E, 23E, L, 24E, P, 25E, E’, 26E, R, 27E, O, 28D, M, 29E, 30 (lower). Leander macrodactylus: Yoshida, 1941, p. 26, pl. 6, fig. 4. Palaemon (Palaemon) gravieri: Holthuis, 1950, p. 82; Liu, 1955, p. 51, pl. 18, fig. 1; Fujino and Miyake, 1970, p. 243; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 196; Kim, 1976, p. 139; 1977, p. 198, figs. 68, 69, pl. 17, fig. 28. Palaemon gravieri: Holthuis, 1980, p. 10; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 237, fig. 30, pl. 1, figs. 1, 5; Cha et al., 2001, p. 57, 3 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum nearly straight but somewhat recuvered upwards in distal 0.3, 1.0-1.1 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin armed with 13-18 teeth, of these, posterior 3 teeth on carapace, 1 or 2 small teeth distally; ventral margin armed with 5-6 teeth. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegal spines rather prominent; anterolateral angles of carapace rounded. Abdomen dorsally rounded; 16 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A, B, D-F

D B

E C F

Fig. 4. Palaemon gravieri, female (CL 18.5 mm) from Namhae Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. distal part of telson, dorsal; D. right antennal scale, dorsal; E. right second pereopod, lateral; F. right third pereopod, lateral. Scales: A, B, D-F=2 mm, C=1 mm.

pleuron of fifth somite pointed posteroventrally; sixth somite 0.6 times as long as telson. Telson armed with 2 pairs of small spines; posterior margin angulated, minutely pointed, provided with 2 pairs of outer shorter and inner longer ones. Eye with cornea in distal 0.6 of eye, about as long as wide. Antennular peduncle reaching anterior 0.7 of antennal scale; first segment with stout tooth in distolateral margin; stylocerite pointed, reaching middle of first segment of antennular peduncle; outer antennular flagellum thicker than inner one, proximally uniramous, distally divided into inner shorter and outer longer branches. Antennal scale moderately broad, about 3.0 times as long as wide; Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 17 lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth far falling short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped nearly reaching middle of antennal scale; ultimate segment pointed, shorter than penultimate one. First pereopod slender, slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod stoutest of all pereopods, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; movable finger (dactylus) somewhat slender; palm nearly as long as dactylus; carpus somewhat enlarged distally, 1.3-1.4 times as long as dactylus. Third pereopod overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by dactylus and distal 0.3 of propodus; dactylus simple, considerably long; propodus 1.6-1.7 times as long as dactylus, with some spinules on flexor margin; carpus 0.9-1.0 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod extending beyond antennal scale by entire dactylus and about distal 0.3 of propodus; propodus about 2.0 times as long as dactylus; carpus about 1.5 times as long as dactylus.

COLOR: Body transparent, with many reddish brown and yellow spots; carapace and abdomen with some irregular longitudinal stripes composed with reddish brown spots (Pl. 3). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, littoral marine waters. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 1♀(CL 18.5 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 14.0 mm) (Namhae Island, shrimp trawl: vi.2001); 2♀♀ (CL 11.2, 11.9 mm) (Geoje Island, off Gujora: 67 m, beam trawl: 12.xii.2001).

4. Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 (Fig. 5, Pl. 4) Bulk-eun-jul-cham-sae-u (붉은줄참새우)

Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902, p. 52, fig. 24a-d [type locality: Busan and Gunsan, Korea and Aomori, Matsushima and Nagasaki, Japan]; Holthuis, 1980, p. 111; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 242, fig. 34; Cha et al., 2001, p. 61, 2 unnumbered figs. Leander macrodactylus: Parisi, 1919, p. 76. Leander serrifer longipes: Yu, 1930, p. 570, fig. 4B’, C’. Leander macrodactylus: Kubo, 1942, p. 36, figs. 7-9, 19-12, 19D, 20D, 21D, 22D, 23D, 23K, 24D, 25D, D’, 26D, 26Q, 27D, 27N, 28L’, 29D, 30 (middle). Leander serrifer: Yoshida, 1941, p. 26, pl. 6, fig. 3. Palaemon (Palaemon) macrodactylus: Holthuis, 1950, p. 7; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 196; Kim, 1976, p. 138; 1977, p. 195, fig. 67, pl. 17, fig. 27a, b; Chan and Yu, 1985, p. 119, fig. 1, pl. 1, fig. A. Not Leander macrodactylus: Yoshida, 1941, p. 26, pl. 6, fig. 4 (=Palaemon gravieri Yu, 1930).

Rostrum rather deep, almost straight but slightly recuvered upwards in subterminal portion, about as long as carapace; dorsal margin armed with 11-13 teeth, of these, posterior 3 teeth on carapace, 1 small tooth in tip; ventral margin convex, with 3-5 teeth. Carapace with antennal and branchostegal spines conspicuous. Abdomen without middorsal carina; pleuron of fifth somite pointed posteroventrally; sixth somite 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson rounded dorsally; dorsolateral margin with 2 small spines in posterior half; posterior margin with 2 pair of spines. Eye with cornea slightly wider than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle reaching about anterior 0.8 of antennal scale; first segment with acute distolateral tooth; stylocerite acute distally, reaching about middle of first segment of anten- naular peduncle; outer antennular flagellum biramous. Antennal scale rather slender, about 3.1 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth moderately falling short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped 18 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A-C C

Fig. 5. Palaemon macrodactylus, ovigerous female (CL 10.2 mm) from Namhae Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm.

nearly reaching middle of antennal scale, ultimate segement about 0.6 times as long as penultimate segment. First pereopod slender, slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod overreaching anternnal scale by entire chela and distal 0.3 of carpus; movalbe finger (dactylus) rather slender; palm 1.3 times as long as dactylus; carpus 1.7-2.0 times as long as dactylus. Third to fifth pereopods similar each other in shape. Third pereopod overreaching anternnal scale by about half of dactylus; dactylus simple, some setae dorsolaterally; propodus 2.1-2.5 times as long as dactylus, carpus 1.3 times as long as dactylus, merus rather stout, 2.8 times as long as dactylus.

HABITAT: littoral marine waters. COLOR: Body transparent, with some irregular brown stripes: carapace with a few longitudinal stripes, abdomen with numerous tiny brown spots, pleuron of each somite with 2 prominent thick brown stripes; thoracic appendages with yellowish orange spots; posterior margin of telson with 2 pairs of yellowish luniforms (Pl. 4). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, Australia, Far East Russia, USA (San Francisco). KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN. Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 19

SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GG: 1♂(CL 7.8 mm), 2♀♀ (CL 7.4, 8.7 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 13.0 mm) (Gang- hwa Island, long bag set net: 27.v.2001); GN: 3 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 10.2-10.9 mm) (Namhae Island, shrimp trawl: vi.2001).

5. Palaemon ortmanni (Rathbun, 1902) (Fig. 6, Pl. 5) Gin-bal-jul-sae-u (긴발줄새우)

Leander longipes: Ortmann, 1890, p. 519, pl. 37, fig. 13 [; De Man, 1907, p. 409, pl. 32, figs. 26-30; Kubo, 1937, p. 346, figs. 2M, 2N, 3T, 3U; 1942, p. 52, figs. 13, 19G, R, 20G, 21G, 22G, 23G, R, 24G, R, 25G, G’, 26G, T, 27G, Q, 28F, O, 29G, 32 (upper). Palaemon ortmanni Rathbun, 1902, p. 53 [type locality: Tsushima Island, Japan]; Holthuis, 1980, p. 112; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 235, fig. 28; Cha et al., 2001, p. 63, 3 unnumbered figs. Palaemon (Palaemon) ortmanni: Holthuis, 1950, p. 80, fig. 17; Fujino and Miyake, 1968, p. 191, figs. 1-3; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 195; Kim, 1976, p. 140; 1977, p. 207, figs. 74, 75, pl. 49, fig. 31; Miyake, 1982, p. 29, pl. 10, fig. 4; Chan and Yu, 1985, p. 120, fig. 2, pl. 1, fig. B.

A-C

Fig. 6. Palaemon ortmanni, female (CL 8.5 mm) from Sacheon. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm. 20 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

Rostrum long, about 1.8 times as long as carapace, remarkablely recurved upwards; dorsal margin with 10 teeth, of these, posterior 2 teeth on carapace, distally trifid; ventral margin with 7 teeth. Carapace with moderately large antennal spine and rather small branchiostegal spine. Abdomen without middorsal carina; pleuron of fifth somite with acutely pointed posteroventrally. Telson dorsally rounded, with 2 pair of small spines on dorsolateral margin; posterior margin with 2 pairs of spines. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle reaching about anterior 0.8 of antennal scale; first segment with distolateral large tooth; stylocerite acute anteriorly, slightly falling short of middle of first antennular segment. Antennal scale narrow, about 3.9 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth falling short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped stout, reaching about middle of antennal scale, ultimate segment pointed, about 0.7 times as long as penultimate segment. First pereopod reaching distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod somewhat stout, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; movable finger (dactylus) rather thick; palm 0.9 times as long as dactylus; carpus 1.0-1.1 times as long as dactylus. Third to fifth pereopods similar in shape. Third pereopod slender, overreaching antennal scale by about half of dactylus; dactylus short, simply pointed distally; propodus 3.2-3.5 times as long as dactylus; carpus 1.6-1.9 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire dactylus; propodus 3.7 times as long as dactylus; carpus 2.2 times as long as dactylus.

HABITAT: littoral marine waters. COLOR: Body transparent, with many unpatterned narrow dark brown stripes accompanied by yellowish brown spots; thoracic appendages with yellowish brown bands; telson with yellowish brown spots posteriorly (Pl. 5). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan. KOREA: JN, GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 1♀ (CL 11.8 mm) (Busan, off Dadaepo, shrimp trawl: xii.2002); 1♀ (CL 8.5 mm) (off Sacheon, beam trawl: ii.2009). REMARKS: This species is easily distinguished from the congeners in Korea by the long and remarkably recurved rostrum.

6. Palaemon paucidens De Haan, 1841 (Fig. 7) Jul-sae-u (줄새우)

Palamon paucidens De Haan, 1841, p. 45, fig. 11 [type locality: Japan]; 1849, p. 170; Rathbun, 1902, p. 51; Urita, 1921, p. 214; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 233, fig. 26; Cha et al., 2001, p. 64, 2 unnumbered figs. Leander paucidens: Stimpson, 1860, p. 40; Doflein, 1902, p. 640; De Man, 1907, p. 409; Balss, 1914, p. 58; Kubo, 1942, p. 25, figs. 1, 3-6, 19A, L, 20A, 21A, 22A, 23A, H, 24A, L, 25A, A’, 26A, N, 27A, R, 28A, P, 29A, (lower). Palaemon (Palaemon) paucidens: Holthuis, 1950, p. 70; Kim and Park, 1973, p. 129; Kim, 1976, p. 139; 1977, p. 204, figs. 72, 73, pl. 18, fig. 30; Miyake, 1982, p. 26, pl. 10, fig. 1.

Rostrum rather short, 0.8-0.9 times as long as carapace, slightly descending; dorsal margin with 5-7 tooth, of these, 1 tooth situated on carapace, distally bifid or trifid; ventral margin armed with Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 21

C D

A-C

Fig. 7. Palaemon paucidens, male (CL 8.0 mm) from Busan. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. right second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral; D. appendix masculina and appendix interna, mesial. Scales: 1 mm.

2-3 teeth. Carapace armed with well developed antennal and branchiostegal spines. Abdomen rounded dorsally; pleuron of fifth somite with posterovental small tooth; sixth somite nearly half as long as carapace, about 1.8 times as long as fifth abdominal somite when measured dorsally. Telson with 2 pairs of small spines on dorsolateral margin; posterior margin with minute median tooth, fringed with 2 pairs of spines. Eyes moderate large, with cornea wider than eyestalk. Anten- nular peduncle reaching about anterior 0.9 of antennal scale, first segment with spiniform process distolaterally; stylocerite acute distally. Antennal scale rather slender, about 3.2 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth falling far short of distal margin of rounded blade. Third maxilliped extending middle of antennal scale. First pereopod reaching slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by anterior 0.8 of chela; movable finger (dactylus) short; palm 1.8-1.9 times as long as dactylus; carpus 3.7-4.3 times as long as dactylus. Last three pereopods very similar in shape. Third pereopod slightly falling short of distal margin of antennal scale; dactylus simple, rather short; propodus 2.3-2.7 times as long as dactylus, carpus 1.3-1.5 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod nearly reaching distal margin of antennal scale; propodus 2.7-3.3 times as long as dactylus, carpus 1.5 times as long as dactylus. In male, endopod of second pleopod with appendix masculina more than 2.0 times as long as appendix interna, with thick setae on mesial and distal margins.

HABITAT: freshwater or brackish water. COLOR: Body transparent, with many black-brown irregular stripes and spots; thoracic appendages 22 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II with yellowish orange bands. DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, Far East Russia, Kuril Island, Sakhalin. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GW, GB, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 1♂ (CL 8.0 mm), 5♀♀ (CL 4.9-11.1 mm) (Busan, Haeundae, tide pool, hand net: ix.1999). ECOLOGY: The species is the most widely distributed in Korean freshwaters and sometimes brakish waters in the southern part of Korea.

7. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860) (Fig. 8, Pl. 6) Jul-sae-u-a-jae-bi (줄새우아재비)

Leander serrifer Stimpson, 1860, p. 41 [type locality: Hong Kong and Oshima; littoral]; Ortmann, 1890, p. 525, pl. 37, fig. 7; Doflein, 1902, p. 640; Balss, 1914, p. 57; Urita, 1926, p. 428; Yu, 1930, p. 567, fig. A-C; Yokoya, 1930, p. 52; Kubo, 1937, p. 346, figs. 1D, 2G, H, 3N, P, Q; 1942, p. 33, figs. 8, 9, 19C, N, 20C, 22C, 23C, J, 24C, N, 25C, C’, 26C, 27C, M, 28B, K, 29C, 30 (upper). Palaemon serrifer: Rathbun, 1902, p. 52; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123; Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 240, fig. 33; Cha et al., 2001, p. 67, 2 unnumbered figs. Leander fagei Yu, 1930, pp. 555, 561, fig. 2 [type locality: Shandong Peninsula]. Leander serrifer var. longidactylus Yu, 1930, pp. 555, 570, fig. 4B’C’ [type locality: Yangmatoa, Peitaiho, Tangkou and Yentai, China]. Palaemon (Palaemon) serrifer: Holthuis, 1950, p. 83, fig. 18; Liu, 1955, p. 52, pl. 18, fig. 2; Fujino and Miyake, 1968, p. 191, figs. 1-3; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 195; Kim, 1976, p. 138; 1977, p. 189, figs. 64, 65, pl. 47, fig. 25; Miyake, 1982, p. 26, pl. 10, fig. 2; Chan and Yu, 1985, p. 123, fig. 4, pl. 1, fig. D. Not Leander serrifer: Yoshida, 1941, p. 26, pl. 6, fig. 3 (=Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902).

Rostrum rather deep, anteriorly straight, 0.9-1.1 times as long as carapace, dorsal margin with 10-12 teeth, of these, 2 or 3 teeth on carapace, 1 small tooth in subapically; ventral margin armed with 2-4 teeth. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegal spines well developed; pterygostomian angles rounded. Abdomen rounded dorsally; pleuron of fifth somite pointed posteroventrally. Telson provided with 2 pairs of small spines; posterior margin with 2 pairs of short lateral and long mesial spines. Eye moderate large; cornea slightly broader than eyestalk. Antennal peduncle reaching anterior 0.8 of antennal scale; first segment with distolateral tooth; stylocerite acute distally, reaching middle of first antennular peduncle; outer antennular flagellum with free part of shorter branch 3 times as long as fused part. Antennal scale rather slender, 3.4 times as long as wide; lateral margin slightly concave, ending in stout tooth which slightly falling short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale. First pereopod sldender, slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod stout, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela or anterior 0.8 of chela, movable finger (dactylus) rather stout; palm 1.5-1.6 times as long as dactylus, carpus 2.0-2.1 times as long as dactylus. Last three pereopods similar in general shape. Third pereopod slender, reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale nearly by dactylus; dactylus simple; propodus 2.8-3.3 times as long as dactylus, flexor margin provided with several spinules; carpus 1.5-1.6 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire dactylus; dactylus short; propodus 3.0 times as long as dactylus, carpus 1.6 times as long as dactylus. Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 23

A-C

Fig. 8. Palaemon serrifer, female (CL 5.3 mm) from Gunsan. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm.

HABITAT: littoral marine waters. COLOR: Body transparent, with many black-brown irregular stripes accompanied by yellow- orange spots; many black-brown spot on abdomen; thoracic appendages with yellowish orange bands; telson with yellowish-orange spots posteriorly (Pl. 6). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China, Siberia, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Miyanma, India. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JB: 3♂♂ (CL 4.7-6.0 mm), 5♀♀ (CL 4.2-6.2 mm) (Gunsan, Gaeya Island: 19.x.1999); GN: 1 ovig. ♀(CL 8.2 mm) (Busan, Haeundae, tide pool, hand net: ix.2000). REMARKS: The present species closely resembles to P. macrodactylus. However, it is distinguished from P. macrodactylus by the shorter finger of second pereopod (0.6-0.7 times as long as the palm vs 0.8 times) and the shorter dactylus of third pereopod (0.3-0.4 times longer than the propodus vs about 0.5 times). 24 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

8. Palaemon tenuidactylus Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990 (Fig. 9) Go-dong-mu-nui-gin-ppul-sae-u (고동무늬긴뿔새우)

Palaemon tenuidactylus Liu, Liang and Yan, 1990, p. 238, fig. 31 [type locality: Mutsu Bay; 18-132 m]; Park and Han, 2000, p. 13, fig. 2; Cha et al., 2001, p. 69, 2 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum long, 1.2 times as long as carapace, slightly sinus, tapering directly to acute apex, dorsal margin armed with 16-17 teeth, posterior 2-3 teeth on carapace, bifid apically; ventral margin with 5-6 teeth. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegal spines subequal in size; branchiostegal groove 0.4 times as long as carapace. Abdomen rounded dorsally except third somite with blunt middorsal carina; pleuron of fifth somite with small tooth posteroventrally; sixth somite about 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spinules; posterior margin sharply pointed with 2 pairs of spines. Eyestalk as long as cornea. Antennular peduncle reaching anterior 0.7 of antennal scale; first segment with distolateral tooth; stylocerite acute, slightly overreacing middle of first segment. Antennal scale 3.2 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth falling far short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale. First pereopod reaching distal margin of antennal scale. Second pereopod overeaching distal margin of antennal scale by anterior 0.8 of

C A-C

Fig. 9. Palaemon tenuidactylus, female (CL 12.0 mm) from Ganghwa Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left second pereopod, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Palaemon 25 chela; movable finger (dactylus) long; palm 0.7-0.8 times as long as dactylus; carpus 1.0-1.1 times as long as dactylus. Third to fifth pereopods slender, resemble in general shape. Third pereopod overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by entire dactylus; dactylus long, with dorsolateral short setae; propodus 1.2-1.4 times as long as dactylus; carpus 0.6-0.8 times as long as dactylus. Fifth pereopod with propodus 1.8 times as long as dactylus; carpus 0.9 times as long as dactylus.

COLOR: Body transparent, with dark brown irregular spot lines. DISTRIBUTION: Korea, China, Yellow and East China seas. KOREA: GG, CN, JB. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GG: 3♀♀ (CL 10.9-12.0 mm) (Ganghwa Island, long bag set net: 10.xii.2000); 1♂(CL 10.7 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 19.4 mm) (Ganghwa Island, long bag set net: 21.vi.2002). REMARKS: This species is very similar to P. gravieri in general features, but it is distinguished from the latter by the relatively longer rostum (1.2 times longer than carapace vs. 1.0-1.1 times) and the longer dactylus of second pereopod than the palm as well as the carpus (while in P. gravieri it is shorter than or subequal to the palm).

Family Hippolytidae Bate, 1888 Kko-ma-sae-u-gwa (꼬마새우과)

Rostrum well developed, usually with developed teeth on upper and lower margins. Eyes large, well pigmented. First pereopods symmetrically chelate. Second pereopod also chelate, carpus subdivided into two or more joints. Chela of first pereopod larger than that of second. Mouth parts and gill formular strongly variable.

GENERA 37 (9 in Korea) species 338 (27 in Korea).

Key to the genera of family Hippolytidae

1. Carapace bearing 1 or more distinct supraorbital spine ····························································2 - UCarapace without distinct supraorbital spine·········································································5 2. Third maxilliped with exopod ··································································································3 - UThird maxilliped without exopod ··························································································4 3. Telson bearing 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines ································································Hippolyte - UTelson bearing 3-6 pairs of dorsolateral spines ·····················································Spirontocaris 4. Carapace without antennal and pterygostomian spines but large branchiostegal spine present. Abdominal segments 1 and 5 with 2 dorsal carinae, 2-4 with 1 dosal carina ···················*Birulia - UCarapace with antennal and pterygostomian spines but branchiostegal spine absent. Abdominal segments dorsally rounded····························································································*Lebbeus 5. Carapace with suborbital tooth posterodorsal to orbital angle ·····································*Latreutes - UCarapace without suborbital tooth posterodorsal to orbital angle ··········································6 6. Third maxilliped with exopod ··································································································7 - UThird maxilliped without exopod ··························································································8 7. Third maxilliped with arthrobranch··············································································*Lysmata 26 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

- UThird maxilliped without arthrobranch ········································································*Eualus 8. Third maxilliped with distal segment flattened······························································Tozeuma - UThird maxilliped elongated, not distinctly flattened ··············································Heptacarpus

Genus Birulia Brashnikov, 1903 Eo-ri-kko-ma-sae-u-sok (어리꼬마새우속)

Rostrum robust, downcurved, dorsally with some small teeth, ventrally unarmed. Supraorbital and branchiostegal spines well development, pterygostomian spine small but acutely pointed. Dorsal margin of carapace carinate with a few irregular process. Abdomen more or less carinate. Telson with 2 pairs of minute dorsal spines. Carpus of second pereopod 7 segmented. Pleurobranchs on all pereopods, podobranch on second maxilliped only, epipods on all maxillipeds and first 2 perepods, exopod on first and second maxillipeds. Type species: Birulia sachalinensis Brashinikov, 1903.

SPECIES 2 (1 in Korea).

9. Birulia kishinouyei (Yokoya, 1930) (Fig. 10, Pl. 7) Eo-ri-kko-ma-sae-u (어리꼬마새우)

Paraspirontocaris kishinouyei Yokoya, 1930, p. 536, pl. 16, fig. 1-6 [type locality: Mutsu Bay, Japan; 18- 132 m]; 1933, p. 29. Birulia kishinouyei: Holthuis, 1947, p. 10; 1955, p. 105, fig. 72b; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123; Kubo, 1965, p. 616, fig. 979; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 203, pl. 4, fig. 7; Kim, 1976, p. 144; 1977, p. 277, fig. 117, pl. 53, fig. 54; Hayashi, 1986, pp. 111, 264, fig. 67; Cha et al., 2001, p. 117, 2 unnumbered figs.

Body stout, covered with short hairs. Rostrum 0.9 times as long as carapace, produced downward; dorsal margin with some irregular tubercles, apex upward, pointed; ventral margin unarmed. Cara- pace with distinct middorsal carina, small tubercle present just behind carina, near posterior carina; supraporbital spine large, triangular in dorsal view; antennal spine absent; branchiostegal spine well developed, as large as supraorbital spine; pterygostomian spine small but distinct. First abdominal somite with 2 short submedian carinae on anterior 0.3 of dorsal surface, posterior 0.7 with single median carina, lateral margin with short longitudinal carina; second to fourth somites each with single distinct middorsal carina, carina on fourth somite produced posteriorly into acute point; fifth somite with small middorsal carina on anterior half, posterior half with 2 distinct submedian carinae, each produced into sharp point; sixth somite with very short middorsal carina near posterior margin; pleura of first, second and sixth somite rounded, third to fifth somites pointed posteroventrally. Telson longer than sixth abdominal somite, provided with 2 pairs of minute spines on posterior 0.3 of dorsolateral margin; posterior margin with 2 pairs of small spines. Eye moderately large; cornea rounded. Antennular peduncle reaching middle of antennal scale; second and Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Birulia 27

A, B

Fig. 10. Birulia kishinouyei, male (CL 9.0 mm) from the Northeast of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. abdominal somites and telson, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. third segments each with small distomarginal spine; stylocerite broad in dorsal view, with small tooth distolaterally. Antennal scale suboval, 1.9 times as long as wide; lateral margin slightly convex, ending in stout tooth, falling far short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped slightly falling short of antennal scale, with epipod. Anterior 3 pereopods each with epipod. First pereopod short, stout, reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale. Second pereopod long, slender, reaching antennal scale; carpus subdivided into 7 articles. Posterior 3 pereopods stout, short; third pereopod reaching distal margin of antennal scale, dactylus with 3 or 4 small spines on posterior margin, propodus with numerous small spines on posterior margin, merus with 2 lateral spines distally. Fifth pereopod with 1 lateral spine on merus.

COLOR: Entirely light brown, with some red patches on dorsal margin of rostrum and middorsal carina of carapace and first to fifth abdominal somites, and lateral surface of first to fifth abdominal somites (Pl. 7). 28 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan; 18-132 m. KOREA: CN, JN, GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1♂(CL 9.0 mm) (Northeast of Jeju Island, 89 m, owter trawl: 2.x.2008); 1♂ (CL 9.9 mm) (Northwest of Jeju Island, 90 m, otter trawl: 8.iv.2009). ECOLOGY: Most specimens from Korea are caught by deep water trawl.

Genus Eualus Thallwitz, 1892 Gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u-sok (갯가꼬마새우속)

Rostrum short or long, with usually teeth on upper and lower margin. Supraorbital spine absent. Antennal spine present, pterygostomian spine present or absent. Posterior margin of each of third to sixth abdominal somites with or without median dorsal spine. Pleura of first three somites rounded, of fourth pointed or rounded, of fifth pointed. Telson with 3-5 pairs of dorsal spines. Carpus of second pereopod 7 segmented. Meri of last three pereopods with row of some outer spines. Pleuro- branchs on all pereopods, podobranch on second maxilliped only, exopods on all maxillipeds, epipods varying in different species, at least on first two maxillipeds. Type species: Eualus gaimardii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837).

SPECIES 37 (6 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Eualus

1. Third maxilliped without epipod; [third to fifth abdominal somites each with small median tooth on posterior margin] ···························································································*E. middendorffi - Third maxilliped with epipod···································································································2 2. Pereopods without epipod; [dactyli of third to fifth pereopods with the minute chelalike appear- ance distally]··············································································································E. biunguis - First and second pereopods, at least, with epipod·····································································3 3. Third pereopod without epipod; [carapace usually without pterygostomian spine] ··*E. sinensis - Third pereopod with epipod·····································································································4 4. Postrostral median carina highly crested, serrate; [rostrum lacking dorsal tooth in distal half; dactyli of third to fifth pereopods without accessory tooth]····························*E. spathulirostruis - Postrostral median carina low, not crested ················································································5 5. Rostrum overreaching distal margin of antennular peduncle. Rostrum lacking dorsal tooth in distal half. Dactyli of third to fifth pereopods with 5-7 small accessory teeth······E. leptognathus - Rostrum falling short of distal margin of antennular peduncle. Rostrum with dorsal teeth distributed over entire length. Dactyli of third to fifth pereopods without accessory tooth·····E. macilentus Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Eualus 29

10. Eualus middendorffi Brashnikov, 1907(Fig. 11, Pl. 8) Buk-bang-gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u (북방갯가꼬마새우)

Eualus middendorffi Brashnikov, 1907, p. 165, fig. 23a, b [type locality: Sakhalin; Kaibato Is., 56 r.s.deep, Taraika Bay, 15-20 r.s., East coast of Naka-Shiritoko Pen., 43 r.s., Aniwa Bay 16 r.s.]; Derjugin and Kobjakowa, 1935, p. 142; Holthuis, 1947, p. 10; Cha et al., 2001, p. 105, 2 unnumbered figs. Spirontocaris middendorffi: Balss, 1914, p. 45; Urita, 1942, p. 21, fig. 5; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123.

Rostrum straight, slender, with low lateral ridge, 1.4 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 4 teeth, posteriormost on carapace; ventral margin provided with 4-5 teeth. Carapace with antennal spine acute, separated by notch from blunt suborbital lobe; pterygostomian spine small but distinct. Third to fifth abdominal somites bearing diagnostic spine at middle of posterior margin; pleuron of fifth somite posteriorly pointed. Telson nearly as long as sixth somite, provided with 4 pairs (or asymmetrically 5 on one side) of spines on dorsolateral margin; posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye moderately large; cornea slightly shorter than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale; second and third segments each with small spine at dorsodistal margin; stylocerite acute distally, reaching distal margin of first segment of antennular peduncle. Antennal scale large, 4.5 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, apex ends in strong spine, falling short of rounded blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale, with long expod, without epipod. First pereopod reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale. Second pereopod slender, reaching anterior 0.3 of antennal scale; carpus long, subdivided into 7 articles. Posterior 3 pereopods long, slender. Third pereopod reacheing distal margin of antennal scale; dactylus with several spinules on flexor margin including terminal claw; propodus 3.6 times as

A B

A, B

Fig. 11. Eualus middendorffi, ovigerous female (CL 11.1 mm) from off Donghae. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. third to sixth abdominal somites, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. 30 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II long as dactylus, provided with about 10 spinules on flexor margin; carpus 1.3 times as long as dactylus; merus 4.2 times as long as dactylus, with 4 lateral spines.

COLOR: Reddish to vermilion, telson and uropods vermilion (Pl. 8). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, Okhotsk Sea; 30 to more than 300 m. KOREA: GN, GB, GW. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GW: 1♀ (CL 12.1 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 10.5, 11.1 mm) (off Donghae, 134 m, otter trawl: 4.xii.2010). REMARKS: The present species belongs to a group of species with no epipod on the third maxilliped. In Korean waters, it is only species from this group.

11. Eualus sinensis (Yu, 1931) (Fig. 12) Gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u (갯가꼬마새우)

Spirontocaris sinensis Yu, 1931, p. 513, fig. 2 [type locality: Yentai, North China]; Yu, 1935, p. 48; Hol- thuis, 1947, p. 23. Eualus sinensis: Liu, 1955, p. 40, pl. 14, figs. 3, 4; Hayashi and Miyake, 1968, p. 125, fig. 2; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 201, pl. 3, figs. 4, 5; Kim, 1976, p. 143; 1977, p. 262, fig. 109, pl. 51, fig. 49; Cha et al., 2001, p. 107, 2 unnumbered figs. Eualus gracilirostris: Miyake and Hayashi, 1967, p. 255, fig. 4a-c (non Hippolyte gracilirostris Stimpson).

Rostrum slender, rather short, 0.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 6-7 teeth, of these, posterior 2 teeth on carapace; ventral margin with 2-3 teeth distally. Carapace with small antennal spine, pterygostomian angle entirely rounded. Abdomen without middorsal carina; pleura of fourth and fifth somites pointed posteriorly; sixth somite 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson with 4 pairs of dorsolateral spines; posterior margin with 2 pairs of spines. Eye moderate in size, cornea slightly shorter than eyestalk, with distinct ocellus. Antennular peduncle reaching middle of antennal scale; stylocerite reaching distal margin of second segment; 3 antennular segments provided each with strong dorsodistal spine. Antennal scale broad, 2.6 times as long as wide; lateral margin straight, distolateral tooth reaching distal margin of rounded blade. Third maxilliped overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by half of ultimate segment; exopod well developed, epipod also present. First pereopod rather stout, reaching distal margin of antennal sclae. Second pereopod slender, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.3 of carpus; carpus long and subdivided into 7 articles. Third pereopod overreaching antennal scale by dactylus and anterior 0.7 of propodus; dactylus with 5 teeth excluding terminal nail; carpus about half as long as propodus; merus somewhat longer than propodus, with 3 lateral spines on distal half. Fourth and fifth pereopods very similar to third pereopod.

HABITAT: littoral marine waters. COLOR: Body pale brown or yellowish green; carapace with some transverse reddish brown line; abdomen with 1 transverse reddish brown line on first somite and 2 similar lines on second and third somites; tail fan with dark brown broad transverse band; antennal flagellum light orange; third maxilliped and all pereopods with some greenish brown bands (Miyake and Hayashi, 1967). Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Eualus 31

A-C C

Fig. 12. Eualus sinensis, ovigerous female (CL 5.4 mm) from Busan. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China. KOREA: GB, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GB: 1♂ (CL 2.5 mm) (Gampo, hand net: 13.i.1994); 3♀♀ (CL 2.1-3.0 mm) (Uljin, Osan Inlet, hand net: 16.i.1994); GN: 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 5.0, 5.4 mm) (Busan, Cheongsapo, hand net: 9.ii.1999). ECOLOGY: In southern Japan, the specimens migrate to the tidal zone to hatch their eggs from late February to early July (Hayashi and Miyake, 1968). REMARKS: Eualus sinensis is only species belongs in the group with epipods on the first two pereopods in Korea.

12. Eualus spathulirostruis (Yokoya, 1933) (Fig. 13, Pl. 9) Bun-hong-gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u (분홍갯가꼬마새우)

Spirontocaris spathulirostris Yokoya, 1933, p. 28, fig. 10 [type locality: off Iwate Pref., Sôyô-Maru Station 32 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

70 (40°50′36′′N, 141°50′36′′E), 285 m; off Tsushima Is., Station 474 (34°48′00′′N, 129°16′15′′E), 219 m; Tsugaru Strait, Station 652 (41°27′08′′N, 140°23′00′′E), 110 m]. Eualus spathulirostris: Holthuis, 1947, p. 23; Cha et al., 2001, p. 109, 2 unnumberd figs.

Rostrum noticeably compressed laterally, 0.6-0.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin without tooth on distal half; ventral margin somewhat dilated distally, bearing 1 tooth on dilated portion. Carapace with keel anteriorly, thin and continuous with proximal part of rostrum, with 9-10 small teeth on keel; antennal spine well-developed; pterygostomian spine small but conspicuous. Abdo- men smooth; pleuron of fourth somite ending in small but acute tooth; that of fifth rather large tooth posteriorly; sixth somite long, nearly slightly shoter than telson. Telson with 3 pairs of dorsolateral spines; posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye large, globular; cornea much broader than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle reaching middle of antennal scale; first segment longer than distal two segments combined, with distolateral tooth; stylocerite reaching distal margin of first segment. Anten- nal scale slender, about 4.5 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, ending in sharp tooth. Third maxilliped reaching distal margin of antennal scale; small exopod and epipod present. Anterior 3 pereopods each with epipod. First pereopod slender, reaching middle of antennal scale. Second pereopod more slender, overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; carpus subdivided

A-C

Fig. 13. Eualus spathulirostris, female (CL 4.7 mm) from the West of Heuksan Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm. Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Latreutes 33 into 7 articles. Last three pereopods very slender, long. Third pereopod overreaching antennal scale by dactylus and anterior 0.2 of propodus; dactylus long, with strongly curved nail, without any teeth on flexor margin; propodus 1.5-1.6 times as long as dactylus; carpus 0.6-0.8 times as long as dactylus; merus 1.8 times as long as dactylus, with 6 small spines along lateral surface.

HABITAT: rather deep water, sandy or sandy-mud bottoms. COLOR: Body yellowish brown or pale brown, with reddish patches on anterior carapace, 2 short red bands on banchial region of carapace, and many red spots on lateral surface of first to fourth abdominal somites (Pl. 9). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, China; 68-285 m. KOREA: JB, JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JN: 2♀♀ (CL 4.7, 5.8 mm) (West of Heuksan Island, 68 m, otter trawl: 23.iii. 2003). REMARKS: This species is unique in having a noticeably compressed rostrum with a dilated transparent part distally.

Genus Latreutes Stimpson, 1860 Neob-jeok-ppul-kko-ma-sae-u-sok (넓적뿔꼬마새우속)

Rostrum long, circular or triangular or oblong. No supraorbital spine. Antennal spine present, pterygostomian angle serrated. Carapace with gastric spine. Abdomen usually smooth, pleura rounded posteriorly, not acutely pointed. Telson with 2 pairs of spines. Stylocerite anteriorly rounded. Carpus of second pereopod 3-segmented. Merus of last three pereopods with subterminal spine. Pleurobranchs on all pereopods, epipods on all maxillipeds and first four pereopods, exopod on all maxillipeds. Arthrobranchs and podobranchs absent. Type species: Latreutes ensiferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837).

SPECIES 17 (5 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Latreutes

1. Carapace with unarmed dorsal concavity above eye ································································2 - Carapace without unarmed dorsal concavity above eye ···························································3 2. Carapace with blunt median elaboration on cardiac region···································*L. planirostris - Carapace without blunt median elaboration on cardiac region ······························L. mucronatus 3. Rostrum slender, long ·······························································································L. acicularis - Rostrum stout, leaf-like·············································································································4 4. Dactylus of third pereopod uniunguiculate ····························································*L. anoplonyx - Dactylus of third pereopod biunguiculate ····························································L. laminirostris 34 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

13. Latreutes anoplonyx Kemp, 1914 (Fig. 14, Pl. 10) Mae-kkeun-deong-kko-ma-sae-u (매끈등꼬마새우)

Latreutes anoplonyx Kemp, 1914, p. 104, pl. 4 figs. 3-5 [type locality: Bombay, India]; De Man, 1929, p. 130, fig. 8; Holthuis, 1947, pp. 16, 60; Liu, 1955, p. 42, pl. 15, figs. 1-9; Park and Han, 2000, p. 18, fig. 5; Cha et al., 2001, p. 99, 3 unnumbered figs.

Sexual dimorphism clearly observed in several external characters, such as body length, shape as well as spinulation of rostrum and length of upper antennular flagellum. Rostrum triangular, much narrower and longer in male than in females; dorsal margin of rostrum armed with 12-18 teeth in females and 12 in male; ventral margin with 5-7 teeth in females and 5 in male. Carapace with moderatley large epigastic spine, movable antennal spine present, pterygostomian angle serrated with 7-9 spinules. Abdomen smooth; sixth somite shorter than telson. Telson with 2 small spines on dorsolateral margin in posterior half; posterior margin ending in median acute tooth, with 1 pair of small spine. Eye short, with cornea as broad as eyestalk. Antennular peduncle short, reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale; first segment with small dorsodistal tooth; stylocerite rounded anteriorly; dorsal antennular flagellum stouter and broader in male than in females. Antennal scale about 4.0 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth sharp, no anteriorly produced blade. Third maxilliped reaching middle of antennal scale; ultimate segment longer than penultimate segment. First pereopod robust, short, reaching posteior 0.2 of antennal scale. Second pereopod slender, falliing short of distal margin of antennal scale; carpus subdivided into 3 articles. Last 3 pereopods similar in shape. Third pereopod overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by half of dactylus; dactylus uniunguis, flexor margin with 5 small spinules;

A, B

Fig. 14. Latreutes anoplonyx, female (CL 7.0 mm) from Chunsu Bay. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm. Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Latreutes 35 propodus 2.3 times as long as dactylus, with several spinules on flexor margin; carpus nearly as long as dactylus; merus 2.5 times as long as dactylus, with 1 subterminal spine on lateral margin.

COLOR: Body brownish red with black and white spots; carapace and abdomen dorsally with longitudinal white line (Pl. 10). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific included Korea, Japan, China. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 2♀♀ (CL 5.2, 8.5 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 8.1, 9.2 mm) (Geoje Island, off Gujora, 56 m, beam trawl: 1.xi.2001); CN: 1♂ (CL 6.2 mm), 3♀♀ (CL 6.0-7.0 mm) (Chunsu Bay, long bag set net: 21.iii.2011). ECOLOGY: The species was reported as a shrimp commensal with jelly-fish.

14. Latreutes planirostris (De Haan, 1844) (Fig. 15, Pl. 11) Neob-jeok-ppul-kko-ma-sae-u (넓적뿔꼬마새우)

Cyclorhynchus planirostris De Hann, 1844, pl. 45, fig. 7 [type locality: Japan]; 1849, p. 175. Latreutes dorsalis Stimpson, 1860, p. 96; Yokoya, 1939, p. 273, fig. 7; Holthuis, 1947, p. 16. Rhynchocyclus planirostris: Stimptson, 1860, p. 96. Platybema planirostris: Bate, 1888, p. 578. Platybema planirostre: Rathbun, 1902, p. 46. Latreutes planirostris: Ortmann, 1890, p. 505, pl. 37, fig. 4d-1, n; De Man, 1907, p. 421; Balss, 1914, p. 46; Urita, 1921, p. 216; Nakazawa, 1927, p. 1021, fig. 1964; Yokoya, 1939, p. 273; Holthuis, 1947, p. 17; Yasuda, 1956, pp. 9, 17, 28, 51, 69, fig. 34; Miyake, 1961, p. 9; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123; Kubo, 1965, p. 617, fig. 983; Kikuchi, 1968, p. 180; Hayashi and Miyake, 1968, p. 147, fig. 12; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 202, pl. 4, figs. 1, 2; Kim, 1976, p. 143; 1977, p. 267, figs. 111, 112; Cha et al., 2001, p. 103, 2 unnumbered figs.

Sexual dimorphism present same in L. anoplonyx. Rostrum circular in outline in females, knife- like in males; dorsal margin with 12-17 minute teeth in females, 7-11 teeth in males; ventral margin with 7-10 teeth in females, 5-7 teeth in males. Carapace carinated dorsally with strong sharp tooth and rounded tubercle; movable antennal spine present on lobe of suborbital angle; pterygostomian angle with 10-12 irregular spinules. Second and third abdominal somites with blunt middorsal carina. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines; posterior margin with 1 pair of small spines. Eye- stalk provided with 2 processes on anterodorsal surface. Antennular peduncle reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale; stylocerite rounded anteriorly. Antennal scale 4.0 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, ending in tooth, blade absent. Third maxilliped neraly reaching middle of antennal scale, ultimate segment 2.0 times as long as penultimate segment. First pereopod robust, short, reaching posterior 0.3 of antennal scale. Second pereopod slender, reaching anterior 0.2 of antennal scale; carpus subdivided into 3 articles. Last three pereopods equal in shape; each merus with subterminal spine at lateral margin; dactylus biunguis, with 5-6 spinules. Epipod present on first to fourth pereopods.

COLOR: Not uniform; one dark grey or grayish brown in base colour with dark coloured patches 36 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A-D

Fig. 15. Latreutes planirostris. A, C, D. female (CL 7.1 mm) from Chunsu Bay; B. male (CL 6.0 mm) from same locality. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. carapace, lateral; C. left antennal scale, dorsal; D. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm.

on posterior part of third and on pleura of second and fourth abdominal somites; other light brown with tail fan of transparent (Pl. 11). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific included Korea, Japan, China. KOREA: CN, JB, JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 3♂♂ (CL 4.8-4.9 mm), 3♀♀ (CL 4.9-5.1 mm) (Geoje Island, beam trawl: 1.xi.2001); 1♀(CL 5.6 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 5.7 mm) (Sacheon, beam trawl: v.2009); CN: 2♂♂ (CL 4.9, 6.0 mm), 2♀♀ (CL 6.5, 7.1 mm) (Chunsu Bay, long bag set net: 21.iii.2011). ECOLOGY: The species is common in vegetational belts of shallow water (Hayashi and Miyake, 1968). REMARKS: Latreutes planirostris exhibits a similar sexual dimorphism to L. anoplonyx especially in the shape as well as spinulation of the rostrum. Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Lebbeus 37

Genus Lebbeus White, 1847 Ga-si-bae-sae-u-sok (가시배새우속)

Rostrum usually well developed, dorsal and ventral margins dentate. Carapace smooth with single supraorbital spine. Antennal and pterygostomian spines present. Abdomen rounded, pleura smooth or pectinate. Telson with 3-7 pairs of dorsal spines. Carpus of second pereopod with 7 segments. Merus of last 3 pereopods with row of some outer spines. Pleurobranchs on all pereopods, podobranchs on second maxilliped only, epipods on all maxillipeds and on first or first 2 or first 3 pereopods. Exopods and arthrobranchs absent from third maxilliped and all pereopods. Type species: Lebbeus orthorhynchus (White, 1847).

SPECIES 57 (4 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Lebbeus

1. Epipod present on first 3 pereopods. Abdominal pleura with 2-4 teeth············*L. groenlandicus - Epipod on first 2 pereopods only. First 3 abdominal pleura rounded ·······································2 2. Pleuron of fourth abdominal somite rounded. Distal segment of third maxilliped with a series of spinules on mesial margin ·················································································L. grandimana - Pleuron of fourth somite pointed posteriorly. Distal segment of third maxilliped unarmed except for some apical spinules ···········································································································3 3. Rostrum longer than carapace and reaching beyond antennal scale······················L. unalaskensis - Rostrum as long as carapace and extending to distal margin of antennal scale··············L. polaris

15. Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius, 1775) (Fig. 16, Pl. 12) Ga-si-bae-sae-u (가시배새우)

Astacus groenlandicus Fabricius, 1775, p. 416. Spirontocaris groenlandica: Rathbun, 1904, p. 61; Yokoya, 1933, p. 24; Urita, 1942, p. 16. Hetairus groenlandicus; Brashnikov, 1907, p. 155, fig. 19; Balss, 1914, p. 45; Derjugin and Kobjakova, 1935, pp. 112, 142; Kobjakova, 1937, p. 108; Makarov, 1941, p. 121. Lebbeus groenlandicus; Holthuis, 1947, p. 9 (full synonymy); Squires, 1957, p. 472; 1962, p. 682, fig. 3; Kubo, 1965, p. 616, fig. 978; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 203, pl. 4, fig. 6; Kim, 1976, p. 143; 1977, p. 274, p. 53, fig. 116, pls. 25, 26, fig. 53a-c; Butler, 1980, p. 53, pl. 18, fig. 3; Wicksten and Mendez, 1982, p. 119; Miyake, 1998, p. 53, pl. 18, fig. 3; Cha et al., 2001, p. 113, 2 unnumbered figs. Lebbeus groenlandica; Vinogradov, 1950, p. 203, pl. 14, fig. 53; Kobjakova, 1958, p. 227.

Body stout, pubscent; integumentl hard. Rostrum rather slender, 0.6-0.7 times as long as carapace; dorsall margin with 3 teeth, ventrally with 2-3 teeth. Carapace with 4 large teeth on middorsal line; supraporbital, antennal, and pterygostomian spines well developed. First to fifth abdominal somite with each pleuron ending in teeth, 2-3, 3, 2-4, 3, 2, respectively. Telson with 6-7 spines on either side of dorsolateral margin; posterior margin with 2 pairs of small spines. Antennular peduncle slightly falling short of middle of antennal scale; each segment with stout dorsodistal tooth; 38 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A, B

Fig. 16. Lebbeus groenlandicus, female (CL 33.3 mm) from Dokdo. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. third to sixth abdominal somites, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

stylocerite slender, reaching dostal margin of antennular peduncle. Antennal scale large, broad, 2.3 times as long as wide; lateral margin straight, ending in stout tooth, overreaching distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Third maxilliped and first 3 pereopods each with epipod. First pereopod reaching distal 0.3 of antennal scale. Second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire chela. Third pereopod overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by dactylus and anterior 0.2 of propodus.

COLOR: Brownish red to dull brownish green (Pl. 12). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, Okhotsk Sea, Bering Sea to Puget Sound, Arctic Canada, Greenland southward to Massachsetts Bay; 2-518 m. KOREA: GW, GB. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GB: 1♀(CL 33.3 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 31.7, 36.0 mm) (Dokdo, trap: 15.ix.2003). Decapoda: Hippolytidae: Lysmata 39

ECOLOGY: The present large species is commercially important in Korea captured by trapping, but in Japan by a Danish seine and in Canada by trawling. REMARKS: This species is readily distinguished from other congeners by the pleura of abdomen armed with 2 to 4 ventral strong teeth.

Genus Lysmata Risso, 1816 Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-sae-u-sok (줄무늬꼬마새우속)

Rostrum long. Supraorbital spine absent. Upper antennular flagellum uniramous. Third maxilliped with exopod. First 4 pereopods with epipods. Carpus of second pereopod multijointed. Type species: Lysmata seticaudata (Risso, 1816).

SPECIES 42 (2 in Korea).

16. Lysmata vittata (Stimpson, 1860) (Fig. 17, Pl. 13) Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-sae-u (줄무늬꼬마새우)

Hippolysmata vittata Stimpson, 1860, p. 95 [type locality: Hong Kong]; De Man, 1907, p. 423, pl. 33, figs. 49, 50; Balss, 1914, p. 48; Kemp, 1914, p. 113, pl. 6 figs. 6-10; Yu, 1935, p. 51; Liu, 1955, p. 45, pl. 16, figs. 3-6; Kikuchi, 1968, p. 180. Nauticaris unirecedens Bate, 1888, p. 608, pl. 110, fig. 1 [type locality: Hong Kong]. Hippolysmata (Hippolysmata) vittata: Holthuis, 1947, pp. 20, 67; 1955, p. 114, fig. 79b; Hayashi and Miyake, 1968, p. 156, fig. 17; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 203, pl. 4, fig. 5; Kim, 1976, 143; 1977, p. 270, figs. 114, 115, pl. 53, fig. 52. Lysmata (Hippolysmata) vittata: Kubo, 1965, p. 617, fig. 980. Lysmata vittata: Cha et al., 2001, p. 111, 3 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum short, slightly downward, 0.6-0.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 6-7 teeth, of these, 3 teeth on carapace; ventral margin with 3 teeth. Carapace armed with strong antennal spine which separated from pointed suborbital angle; pterygostomian angle pointed to small spine. Abdomen rounded dorsally; fourth and fifth somites each with posterior tooth; sixth somite 0.6 times as long as telson. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines. Eye with cornea well developed, slightly broader than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle long, slightly falling short of distal margin of antennal scale; stylocerite reaching scarcely middle of first segment; all segments armed with some spinules on dorsal margin. Antennal scale rather stout, 2.8 times as long as wide; lateral margin nearly straight, terminating in strong tooth reaching distal margin of truncated blade. Third maxilliped slender, overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by half of ultimate segment; ultimate segment longer than penultimate segment; well-developed exopod present. First pereopod rather stout, reaching distal margin of antennal scale; fingers more than half of palm, gaping along proximal half. Second pereopod much longer, slender, overreaching antennal scale by chela and anterior 40 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A B B

Fig. 17. Lysmata vittata, female (CL 9.1 mm) from Tongyeong. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. left chela of first pereopod, ventral. Scales: A=2 mm, B=1 mm.

0.6 of carpus; carpus subdivided into 19 articles. Third pereopod overreaching antennal scale by distal 2 segments; dactylus biunguculate with 4 spinules on flexor margin; merus with 4 lateral spines. Fourth and fifth pereopods similar to third pereopod in general form. Epipods present on bases of first 4 pereopods.

COLOR: Body translucent with brilliant red narrow longitudinal stripes (Pl. 13). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West-Pacific region except for Hawaiian waters. KOREA: GG, CN, JB, JN, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 1♂ (CL 8.8 mm), 1♀ (CL 9.1 mm) (Tongyeong, Yongcho Island, shrimp trawl: ix.1999). ECOLOGY: In Amakusa Islands, Japan, the species is rare in the Zostera belt (Kikuchi, 1968).

Family Processidae Ortmann, 1890 JJalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-gwa (짧은뿔새우과)

Rostrum discrete structure inflexibly attached to remainder of carapace, unarmed except (usually) pair of teeth delimiting terminal seta-filled notch. Carapace without longitudinal lateral ridges, complete postantennal suture, or caridiac notch. Telson bearing 2 pairs of posterior marginal spines and 1 or more pairs of mesial setae. Eyestalks normal, neither abnormally long or concealed beneath carapace. Antennule with 2 completely separate flagella, neither with accessory branch. Third maxilliped with exopod, composed of 5 segments, slender, pereopod-like, antepenultimate segment fused with next proximal segment. Pereopods without epipods, first pair more robust than second pair, often asymmetrical, second pair equal, with undivided carpus, fixed finger not curving subrec- tangularly around short, broad movable finger, fingers not concealed in dense setae. Third pereopod Decapoda: Processidae: Hayashidonus 41 with dactyl simple, unarmed on flexor margin. First pleopod of male with endopod laminar, not unusually large or elaborately convoluted.

GENERA 5 (2 in Korea), species 65 (3 in Korea).

Key to the genera and species of Processidae

1. Third maxilliped without exopod; rostrum triangular in dorsal aspect········································ ·········································································································*Hayashidonus (H. japonicus) - Third maxilliped with exopod; rostrum slender in dorsal aspect ································*Processa 2 2. Basicerite of antenna smooth, without process on anteroventral margin······················*P. sulcata - Basicerite of antenna with obtuse anteroventral process ·········································*P. zostericola

Genus Hayashidonus Chace, 1993 Se-mo-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-sok (세모짧은뿔새우속)

Rostrum broad, subequilaterally triangular in dorsal aspect, reaching at least to cornea of anteriorly extended eye. Telson with dorsolateral spines minute or absent. Third maxilliped without exopod. Pereopods without exopods, usually right first pereopod chelate, other with simple dactyl. Second preopods unequal, minor carpus subdivided into more than 6 articles. Type species: Hayashidonus japonicus (De Haan, 1844).

SPECIES 1 (1 in Korea).

17. Hayashidonus japonicus (De Haan, 1844) (Fig. 18) Se-mo-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u (세모짧은뿔새우)

Nika japonica De Haan, 1844, pl. 46, fig. 6 [type locality: Japan]; 1849, p. 184, pl. N. Processa japonica: Hayashi, 1975, p. 110, fig. 24 (full synonymy); Nope local, p. 287. Hayashidonus japonicus: Chace, 1997, p. 35, fig. 18; Kim et al., 2011a, p. 262, fig. 1.

Integument glabrous, except for pubescent telson. Rostrum (Fig. 18A, B) short, 0.2-0.3 times as long as carapace, broad, triangular in dorsal aspect, not bifid distally, lateral margin rather strongly carinate. Carapace (Fig. 18A, B) almost smooth; postorbital region slightly grooved; antennal spine small but acute. Abdominal somites (Fig. 18C) smooth and rounded; pleura of first to fifth somites unarmed; lateral lobe of sixth somite triangular but not spiniform. Telson (Fig. 18C) with 2 pairs of small dorsolateral spines; posterior margin ending in minute median tooth, bearing 2 pairs of marginal spines and tuft of mesial setae. Eye (Fig. 18B) pyriform; cornea broader than eyestalk. Anten- nular peduncle (Fig. 18A, B) with first segment as long as distal 2 segments combined; second segment slightly longer than third; stylocerite truncate, reaching distal 0.3 of first segment of antennular peduncle. Antennal scale (Fig. 18A, B) overreaching distal margin of antennular peduncle; distolat- 42 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

B, C C

D E I

E, I D, F-H

G H

Fig. 18. Hayashidonus japonicus. A-H. ovigerous female (CL 12.2 mm) from Aenggang Bay, Namhae Island; I. male (CL 6.8 mm) from Hamduok, Jeju Island. A. carapace, cephalic appendages and third maxilliped, lateral, eye omitted; B. anterior carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal, right eye omitted; C. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; D. right second pereopod, lateral; E. same, chela, lateral; F. left second pereopod, lateral; G. right third pereopod, lateral; H. dactylus and propodus of left fifth pereopod, lateral; I. ndopod of left first pleopod, ventral. Scales: 1 mm. Decapoda: Processidae: Processa 43 eral tooth falling short of blade; basicerite unarmed. Third maxilliped (Fig. 18A) stout, overreaching distal margin of antennular peduncle by distal 2 segments, without exopod; ultimate segment tapering to strong terminal tooth. First pereopods stout, asymmetrical; right chelate; left with simple dactylus, more slender than right. Second pereopods (Fig. 18D, E, F) slender, right longer than left; right (Fig. 18D) with 13-17 meral articles, 44-48 carpal articles, chela (Fig. 18E) with curved dactylus; left (Fig. 19F) with 5-7 meral articles, 16-18 carpal articles. Third and fourth pereopods (Fig. 18G) with ischia bearing 2 spines; meri with 1-3 spines; propodi with series of short setae in flexor margin, some tuft of long setae in margins of both of flexor and extensor. Fourth pereopod longer than third. Fifth pereopod (Fig. 18H) with propodus bearing 25 small spines in flexor margin. Endopod of first male pleopod (Fig. 18I) with distal margin notched, lateral and mesial margins with 6-7 stout setae.

HABITAT: usually Zostera belt. DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: Korea, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia to eastern Africa; 0-150 m. KOREA: GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 2♀♀ (CL 11.5, 11.8 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 12.2 mm) (Namhae Island, Aeng- gang Bay, Zostera belt, beam trawl: 19.v.2005); JJ: 1a (CL 6.8 mm) (Hamduok, Zostera belt, beam trawl: 10.vi.1994). REMARKS: Chace (1997) established a new genus Hayashidonus for this single species previously known as Processa japonica, because the broadly triangular rostrum, the obscure or absent dorsolateral spines of the telson, and the exceptionally long molar process of the mandible seemed sufficiently unusual among the processids. The present specimens agree well with the definitions of the species by Chace (1997) and Hayashi (1975) who magnificently reviewed the Indo-West Pacific Processidae.

Genus Processa Leach, 1815 Jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-sok (짧은뿔새우속)

Rostrum usually slender in dorsal aspect. Telson with distinct dorsolateral spines. Third maxilliped usually with exopod. Anterior pereopods without exopod, usually right first pereopod chelate, other with simple dactyl. Second pereopods with shorter member composed of more than 6 carpal articles. Type species: Processa canaliculata Leach, 1815.

SPECIES 49 (2 in Korea).

18. Processa sulcata Hayashi, 1975 (Fig. 19) Jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u (짧은뿔새우)

Processa sulcata Hayashi, 1975, p. 134, fig. 34 [type locality: Ainoshima, Fukuoka Pref., Kyushu, Japan] (full synonymy); Noël, 1986, p. 291, fig. 19; Chace, 1997, p. 39; Cha et al., 2001, p. 123, 2 unnumbered figs.; Kim et al., 2011a, p. 265, fig. 2. 44 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A-D

Fig. 19. Processa sulcata. A, B. sex unknown (CL 2.5 mm); C, D. sex unknown (CL 3.0 mm) from Gujora, Geoje Island. A. carapace, cephalic and thoracic appendages, fifth pereopods missing, lateral; B. anterior carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal, left eye omitted; C. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; D. telson, dorsal. Scales: 1 mm.

Integument glabrous. Rostrum (Fig. 19A, B) relatively long, 0.2-0.3 times as long as carapace, slender in dorsal aspect, bifid distally, ventral margin slightly concave. Carapace (Fig. 19A, B) nearly smooth; postorbital region distinctly grooved; antennal spine distinct. Abdominal somites (Fig. 19C) smooth and rounded dorsally; pleura of first to fourth somites rounded posteriorly; pleuron of fifth somite with small posterior tooth; lateral lobe of sixth somite subtruncated. Telson (Fig. 19C, D) with 2 pairs of distinct dorsolateral spines; posterior margin ending in median tooth Decapoda: Processidae: Processa 45 flanked by 2 pairs of spines and pair of setae. Eye (Fig. 19A, B) large; cornea moderately broader than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 19A, B) with distal segment of right and distal 2 segments of left missing; stylocerite obliquely truncate, falling short of midpoint of first segment of antennular peduncle. Antennal scale (Fig. 19A, B) with distolateral tooth not reaching blade; basicerite with smooth ventral margin. Third maxilliped (Fig. 19A) stout, overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by ultimate segment and distal 0.8 of penultimate segment, bearing well developed exopod. First pereopods (Fig. 19A) stout, asymmetrical; right with well developed chela, stouter than left; left simple, with claw-like dactylus. Second pereopods (Fig. 19A) slender; right missing; left with 5 meral and 14 carpal articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 19A) with ischium bearing 2 spines; merus with 4 spines. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 19A) longer than third pereopod; ischium bearing 2 spines; merus with 3 spines.

DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: Korea, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam, Madagascar, southern Arabia, southern Africa; 0-123 m. KOREA: GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: sex unknown 2 specimens (CL 2.5, 3.0 mm) (Geoje Island, off Gujora, rough sand, dredge: 1.xi.2001). REMARKS: Although the present specimens are damaged and of undetermined sex, they agree with the original description of P. sulcata by Hayashi (1975) in the pleuron of the fifth abdominal somite with a posterior tooth, the basicerite of the antenna without any process, and the left second pereopod with 5 meral articles and 14 carpal articles. In Korea, Cha et al. (2001) first reported this species based on an ovigerous female collected from Hansan Island, Tongyeong.

19. Processa zostericola Hayashi, 1975 (Fig. 20) Jal-pi-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u (잘피짧은뿔새우)

Processa zostericola Hayashi, 1975, p. 137, fig. 35 [type locality: Tomioka Bay, Amakusa Is., Kumamoto Pref., Kyushu, Japan]; Ledoyer, 1984, p. 43, fig. 21; Unsworth et al., 2010, p. 353; Kim et al., 2011a, p. 266, fig. 3.

Integument glabrous. Rostrum (Fig. 20A-C) relatively short, about 0.2 times as long as carapace, slender in dorsal aspect, bifid indistinctly distally, ventral margin nearly straight. Carapace (Fig. 20A, B) smooth except for postorbital region moderately grooved; antennal spine relatively strong. First to fourth abdominal somites (Fig. 20D) smooth and rounded; pleuron of fifth somite posteriorly pointed; lateral lobe of sixth somite subrectangular, unarmed. Telson (Fig. 20D) with dorsolateral margin bearing 2 spines; posterior margin with minute median tooth, flanked by 2 pairs of small spines and pair of setae. Eye (Fig. 20A, B) moderately large, cornea slightly broader than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 20A, B) with first segment slightly longer than distal 2 segments combined; second segment subequal to third in length; stylocerite truncate, reaching basal 0.3 of first segment of antennular peduncle, lateral margin with minute tooth distally. Antennal scale (Fig. 20A, B) reaching distal margin of antennular peduncle; distolateral tooth falling slightly short of blade; basicerite with small obtuse process on anteroventral margin. Third maxilliped (Fig. 20A) stout, overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by distal 2 segments, well developed exopod present. 46 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

B C A, B, D

C F E

E, F

Fig. 20. Processa zostericola, ovigerous female (CL 6.1 mm) from Hamduok, Jeju-do. A. carapace, cephalic and thoracic appendages, lateral; B. anterior carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal, right eye and left antennule and antenna omitted; C. rostrum, lateral; D. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; E. left first pereopod, lateral; F. left second pereopod, lateral. Scales: 1 mm.

First pereopods (Fig. 20A, E) stout, chelate on right, simple on left. Second pereopods (Fig. 20A, F) slender; right with 10 meral and 24 carpal articles; left with 5 meral and 14 carpal articles. Third and fourth pereopods (Fig. 20A) with 2 ischial and 3-6 meral spines; fourth pereopod longer than Decapoda: Pandalidae: Chlorotocus 47 third. Fifth pereopod (Fig. 20A) more slender than third and fourth pereopods; ischium and merus lacking spines; propodus with 17-21 small spines on flexor margin.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, Indonesia, New Caledonia; 0-8 m. KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1♀(CL 6.9 mm) (Hamduok, Zostera belt, beam trawl: 10.vi.1994). REMARKS: This species is similar to P. sulcata in having a distinct antennal spine, the pleuron of the fifth abdominal somite with a distinct posterior tooth, the truncate or rectangular lateral lobe of the sixth abdominal somite, and the distally bifid rostrum. However, P. zostericola differs from P. sulcata in having an obtuse process on the anteroventral margin of the basicerite of the antenna. In P. sulcata the basicerite lacks the process but is smooth on the ventral margin.

Family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825 Do-hwa-sae-u-gwa (도화새우과)

Rostrum well-developed, laterally compressed, variable. Antennular flagella simple, without accessory branches. First pereopod simple or microscopically chelate. Second pereopod chelate; carpus subdivided into 2 or more article. First male pleopod with endopod normal, not unusually enlarged or elaborately convoluted.

GENERA 22 (5 in Korea), species 189 (14 in Korea).

Key to the genera of family Pandalidae

1. Carpus of second pereopods consisting of 2 segments ·············································*Chlorotocus - Carpus of second pereopods consisting of more than 2 segments ·············································2 2. Carapace with longitudinal carinae on lateral surface. Integument very firm ··············*Procletes - Carapace without longitudinal carinae except for postrostral crest ···········································3 3. Third maxilliped with exopod ····················································································*Plesionika - Third maxilliped without exopod ·····························································································4 4. Laminar expansion of inner border of ischium of first pereopod very large ·············*Pandalopsis - Laminar expansion of inner border of ischium of first pereopod wanting or inconspicuous········ ·····································································································································*Pandalus

Genus Chlorotocus A. Milne Edwards, 1882 Du-ma-di-sae-u-sok (두마디새우속)

Rostrum armed with teeth on both margins. Carapace without supraorbital spine or longitudinal lateral carinae, dorsally rounded on at least posterior 0.3 of length. Abdomen without posterodorsal spine on sixth somite. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk. Third maxilliped with exopod. Pereo- 48 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II pods with epipods on anterior four pairs; second pair subequal and similar, carpus composed of 2 articles. Type species: Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa, 1871).

SPECIES 2 (1 in Korea).

20. Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa, 1871) (Fig. 21, Pl. 14) Du-ma-di-sae-u (두마디새우)

Pandalus crassicornis Costa, 1871, p. 89, pl. 2, fig. 2 [type locality: Golfo di Napoli]. Chlorotocus crassicornis: Fujino and Miyake, 1970, p. 263; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 205; Crosnier and Forest, 1973, p. 184, figs. 58-60; Kim, 1976, p. 144; 1977, p. 292; Chace, 1985, p. 12, figs. 7, 8; Hayashi, 1986, pp. 117, 267, fig. 73; Takeda and Hanamura, 1994, p. 20; Li, 2006b, p. 362; 2006c, p. 1283.

Rostrum nearly straight, about 0.6 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 11-12 teeth, of these, posterior 4 teeth on carapace; ventral margin with 4 teeth. Carapace with middorsal carina

A, B

Fig. 21. Chlorotocus crassicornis, female (CL 14.5 mm) from the West of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. right second pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Pandalopsis 49 on anterior 0.7 of carapace; antennal and branchiostegal spines present, subequal in size, pterygosto- mial angle rounded. Abdominal somites rounded dorsally; pleuron of fifth somite armed with acute tooth posteroventrally; sixth somite 0.5 times as long as telson, with slender submarginal tooth at posteroventral angle. Telson with 4 pairs of spines; posterior margin pointed with 3 pairs of spines. Antennular peduncle reaching middle of antennal scale; stylocerite acuminate, slightly reaching beyond distal margin first antennular segment. Antennal scale about 4.3 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth distinctly longer than blade. Third maxilliped reaching distal margin of antennal scale, with exopod and epipod. First pereopod falling short of distal margin of antennal scale, not chelate. Second pereopod reaching distal margin of antennal scale, chelate; fingers gaping proximally; palm about 1.5 times as long as dactylus; carpus 3.2 times as long as dactylus, subdivided into 2 articles, with lateral ridge on proximal segment. Third to fifth pereopods similar in shape; each carpus with 1 or 2 lateral spines; meri with 8 or 9 lateral spines in third and fourth pereopods, 2 or 3 spines in fifth pereopod; ischia with 1 lateral spine in third and fourth pereopods, no spine in fifth pereopod.

COLOR: Bady transparent; abdominal somites and tail fan reddish brown; thoracic appendages scarlet distally; eggs green (Pl. 14). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: Korea, Japan, East and South China seas, Andaman Sea, eastern and southern Africa, and eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean from southern Spain to off mouth of Congo River; 3-597 m. KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1 ovig. ♀(CL 15.2 mm) (South of Jeju Island, 132 m, otter trawl: 30.x.2002); 2♀♀ (CL 10.6, 14.0 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 73 m, otter trawl: 24.iii.2003).

Genus Pandalopsis Bate, 1888 Mul-reong-ga-si-bulk-eun-sae-u-sok (물렁가시붉은새우속)

Rostrum well developed, distinctly overreaching antennal scale, armed with spines dorsally and with teeth ventrally. Carapace with moderately strong antennal and small branchiostegal spines, usually lacking latreral carina, dorsally carinate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly. Abdomen with third somite not carinate and unarmed; pleura of first to third somite broadly rounded marginally, those of fourth to sixth somites with acute posteroventral tooth. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk. Third maxilliped with epipod and 2 arthrobranchs, but without exopod. Anterior 4 pairs of pereopods with epipod bearing distal hook and 1 arthrobranch. Second pereopods equal, carpus divided into less than 25 articles. Type species: Pandalopsis ampla Bate, 1888.

SPECIES 20 (1 in Korea). 50 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

21. Pandalopsis japonica Blass, 1914 (Fig. 22, Pl. 15) Mul-reong-ga-si-bulk-eun-sae-u (물렁가시붉은새우)

Pandalopsis dispar var. Japonica Balss, 1914, p. 32 [type locality: Etschiu, Japan]; De Man, 1920, p. 105. Pandalopsis japonica: Urita, 1942, p. 10; Yoshida, 1941, p. 23, pl. 6, fig. 2; Kubo, 1965, p. 610, fig. 955; Igarashi, 1969, p. 3, pl. 3, fig. 7, pl. 14, fig. 41; Holthuis, 1980, p. 138; Miyake, 1982, p. 65, pl. 22, fig. 1; Komai et al., 1992, p. 191; Komai, 1994, p. 543, fig. 3; Cha et al., 2001, p. 135, 2 unnumbered figs. Pandalopsis multidentatus Kobjakova, 1936, p. 188, fig. 1 [type locality: Cape Terpenija, northward to

C B

A-E

Fig. 22. Pandalopsis japonica, female (CL 26.2 mm) from off Mukho. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. right first pereopod, lateral; D. right second pereopod, lateral; E. right fourth pereopod, lateral. Scales: 5 mm. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Pandalus 51

Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan; 64-500 m]; 1937, p. 106; 1955, p. 149, pl. 35, fig. 7; 1958, p. 224; Vinogradov, 1950, p. 196, fig. 24.

Integument almost naked, with transverse patch of setae along posterodorsal margin of carapace. Rostrum (Fig. 22A) directed rather noticeably upward, 1.2-1.8 times as long as carapace, dorsal margin armed with 22-23 teeth, of these, 8-9 teeth on carapace, 2-3 teeth near apex, posteriormost teeth situated at about level of mid-length of carapace; ventral margin armed with 12-14 teeth, posteriormost tooth distinctly stronger than preceding tooth. Carapace (Fig. 22A) with postrostral ridge extending to posterior 0.8 of carapace. Abdomen (Fig. 22B) rounded dorsally; pleura of fourth and fifth somites each with posteroventral tooth; sixth somite about 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson (Fig. 22B) armed with 6-12 dorsolateral spines on each side. Eye (Fig. 22A) broadly subpyriform. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 22A) falling slightly short of middle of antennal scale; stylocerite broadly rounded. Antennal scale slender, 5.2-5.5 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth falling slightly short of distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped reaching anterior 0.7 of antennal scale. First pereopod (Fig. 22C) reaching middle of antennal scale, minutely chelate; ischium with laminar expansion of the inner border very large. Second pereopod (Fig. 22D) overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; carpus subdivided into 22-25 articles. Posterior 3 pereopods similar in shape. Third pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire dactylus and anterior 0.3 of propodus; carpus with 2 lateral spines; merus with 7-9 lateral spines and 6-7 flexor spines. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 22E) overreaching antennal scale by length of dactylus; dactylus with 6-7 accessory spinules on flexor margin; carpus with 2-3 lateral spines; merus with 7 lateral spines and 5-9 flexor spines. Fifth pereopod falling slightly short of distal end of antennal scale; carpus with 2 lateral spines; merus with 6-7 lateral spines and 3-4 flexor spines.

COLOR: Red with several white stripes on carapace and abdomen (Pl. 15). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, East Sea, Sea of Okhotsk; 180-530 m. KOREA: GW, GB. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GW: 5♀♀ (CL 26.2-30.1 mm) (off Mukho: v.1997); 1♂(CL 22.9 mm) (off Sam- cheok, 120-152 m, otter trawl: 24.vi.2004); GB: 1♀ (CL 36.8 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (CL 32.7 mm) (Dokdo, trap: 15.ix.2003). ECOLOGY: This species is commercially important in the eastern coast of Korea caught with a trap.

Genus Pandalus Leach, 1814 Do-hwa-sae-u-sok (도화새우속)

Rostrum well developed, reaching or overreaching antennal scale, armed with spines with distinct basal suture dorsally and with teeth ventrally. Carapace with moderately strong antennal and small brachiostegal spines, lacking lateral carinae; dorsal surface carinate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly. Abdomen usually without distinct median carina on any somites, third somite sometimes with hump-like projection or obtuse short carina; pleura of first to third somites rounded ventrally, those of fourth to sixth somites with acute posteroventral tooth. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk, with distinct ocellus broadly attached to cornea. Second pereopods very unequal, left longer and more slender than right; left carpus divided into more than 10 articles, right carpus divided into 52 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II more than six articles. Epipods on third maxilliped to fourth pereopod each with terminal hook. Type species: Pandalus montagui Leach, 1814.

SPECIES 20 (5 in Korea).

Key to the species of genus Pandalus

1. Integument of carapace patially pubescent. Stylocerite of antennule triangular········P. latirostris - Integument of carapace naked. Stylocerite of antennule rounded ············································2 2. Rostrum with posteriormost ventral tooth weaker than preceding tooth. Carpi of third and fourth pereopods without mesial spine······················································································*P. eous - Rostrum with posteriormost ventral tooth distinctly stronger than preceding tooth. Carpi of third and fourth pereopods with mesial spine···················································································3 3. Rostrum and carapace with 14 or less than dorsal spines ············································*P. prensor - Rostrum and carapace with more than 14 dorsal spines····························································4 4. Rostrum usually less than 1.3 times as long as carapace, with 7 or less ventral teeth. Postrostral ridge on carapace not crested in adults. Relatively small species attaining CL 17.3 mm ···*P. gracilis - Rostrum usually more than 1.3 times as long as carapace, with more than 7 ventral teeth. Postros- tral ridge on carapace highly crested in adults. Large species attaining CL 48.0 mm····*P. hypsinotus

22. Pandalus eous Makarov, 1935(Fig. 23, Pl. 16) Buk-jjok-bun-hong-sae-u (북쪽분홍새우)

Pandalus borealis: Rathbun, 1904, p. 35; De Man, 1920, p. 103 (part); Rathbun, 1929, p. 8, fig. 8; Yokoya, 1933, p. 15; 1939, p. 263; Yoshida, 1941, p. 23, pl. 5 fig. 2; Urita, 1942, p. 3; Kubo, 1965, p. 610, fig. 955; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123; Igarashi, 1969, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 2, pl. 13, fig. 36; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 204; Kim, 1976, p. 144; 1977, p. 285, figs. 121, 122, pl. 28, fig. 57a, b; Butler, 1980, p. 128, unnumbered fig.; Miyake, 1982, p. 59, pl. 20, fig. 1; Komai, 1991, p. 73, fig. 5; Komai et al., 1992, p. 192 [Not Pandalus borealis Krøyer, 1838]. Pandalus borealis var. eous Makarov, 1935, p. 321, figs. 2, 3 [type locality: the type series consists of specimens from three different locations: Bering Sea near Cape Navarin, 61°33′N, 179°09′W, 128 m; Bering Sea off Cape Oljutorsky, 59°48′N, 170°42′E, 142 m; near Bering Island, 52°25′N, 165° 44′E, 234 m]. Pandalus borealis eous: Derjugin and Kobjakova, 1935, p. 142; Kobjakoba, 1936, p. 211, pl. 3, fig. 41; 1937, p. 104, pl. 1, fig. 2; 1955: 148, pl. 35, fig. 5; 1958: 223; Makarov, 1941, p. 114; Vinogradov, 1950, p. 194, pl. 4, fig. 20A, V; Zarenkov, 1960, p. 343, fig. 2. Pandalus eous: Squires, 1992, p. 257, fig. 1b, d, f; Jensen, 1995, p. 54, fig. 99; Komai, 1999, p. 1293, figs. 12, 13; Cha et al., 2001, p. 127, 2 unnumbered figs.

Rostrum (Fig. 23A) slightly sinus, 1.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 18 spine or teeth, of these, 4-5 teeth on carapace, and 1 small tooth near apex, posteriormost spine rising from about anterior 0.4 of carapace; ventral margin with 9 teeth, posteriormost tooth not stronger than preceding one. Carapace (Fig. 23A) with low postrostral ridge extending posteriorly to midlength of carapace; strong antennal spine and weak branchiostegal spine present. Abdomen (Fig. 23A) Decapoda: Pandalidae: Pandalus 53

A B

B, C

Fig. 23. Pandalus eous. A, B. male (CL 22.1 mm) from off Pohang; C. ovigerous female (CL 28.0 mm) from off Uljin. A. carapace, abdominal somites and tail fan, lateral; B. left antennal scale, dorsal; C. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: A=5 mm, B, C=2 mm.

with third somite bearing acute or subacute median projection, posterodorsal margin produced into acute tooth; fourth somite with small posterodorsal median tooth; pleura of fourth and fifth somites pointed posteiorly; sixth somite 0.8 times as long as telson. Telson (Fig. 23A) armed with 9-12 dorsolateral spines on either side; posterior margin with 2 pairs of spines. Antennular peduncle with oval stylocerite. Antennal scale (Fig. 23B) 4.6 times as long as wide; lateral margin straight, distolateral tooth slightly falling short of or just reaching distal margin of rounded blade. Third maxilliped slightly falling short of distal margin of antennal scale; ultimate segment longer than penultimate one. Left second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.6 of carpus; carpus subdivided into 74 articles. Right second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by dactylus (movable finger); carpus subdivided into 22 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 23C) overreaching antennal scale by entire dactylus and anterior 0.3 of propodus; dactylus slender, somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, bearing 6-9 accessory spinules on posterior flexor margin; carpus with 3-4 lateral spines; merus with 9-10 lateral spines and 5 ventral spines. Fourth pereopod similar to third, carpus with 3 lateral spines; merus with 9-11 lateral spines and 5-6 ventral spines. Fifth pereopod similar to third; carpus with 1-3 lateral spines; merus with 9-10 lateral spines and 1 ventral spine. 54 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

COLOR: Body with numerous fine red dots; uropods and telson darker; antennal flagella red; pereopods red (Pl. 16). DISTRIBUTION: Nouthern North Pacific including Korea, Japan, East Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea to Puget Sound, Chukchi Sea; 16-1380 m. KOREA: GW, GB. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GB: 5♂♂ (CL 18.6-23.1 mm) (off Pohang, otter trawl: 13.xi.1995); 2 ovig. ♀ ♀(CL 28.0, 30.8 mm) (off Uljin, otter trawl: 15.xi.1995). REMARKS: This species was confused with P. borealis until Squires (1992) revised these two closely related species. Now, P. eous is restricted to the northern North Pacific and P. borealis to the North Atlantic. P. eous is readily distinguished from other Korean congeners by the third abdominal somite bearing an acute or subacute median projection, the posterodorsal margin of the third abdominal somite produced into an acute tooth, and the fourth somite with a small posterodorsal median tooth.

23. Pandalus gracilis Stimpson, 1860 (Fig. 24, Pl. 17) Nam-bang-do-hwa-sae-u (남방도화새우)

Pandalus gracilis Stimpson, 1860, p. 37 [type locality: Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan]; De Man, 1920, p. 103; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 204; Hayashi, 1988, p. 72; Komai et al., 1992, p. 192; Komai, 1999, p. 1320, figs. 24-26; Cha et al., 2001, p. 129, 3 unnumbered figs. Pandalus robustus Stimpson, 1860, p. 37 [type locality: Hakodati (=Hakodate), Hokkaido, Japan]; De Man, 1920, p. 104. Pandalus prensor: Miyake, 1982, p. 60, pl. 20 fig. 3. Not Pandalus prensor Stimpson, 1860.

Rostrum (Fig. 24A) moderately curving dorsally, 1.1-1.3 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 12-18 spines, including 5-8 on carapace, and 2 fixed teeth near apex, posteriormost spine arising from about middle of carapace length; ventral margin with 6-7 teeth, posteriormost tooth much stronger than preceding teeth. Carapace (Fig. 24A) with postrostral ridge low, extendign beyond middle of carapace; antennal spine stonger than branchoistegal one. Abdomen (Fig. 24B) without middorsal carina or projection; pleura of fourth and fifth somites with posterior acute tooth; sixth somite 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson (Fig. 24B) with 5-7 dorsolateral spines on either side; posterior margin with 2 pairs of shorter outer and longer inner spines. Eye (Fig. 24A) broadly subpyriform. Antennal scale 5.0 times as long as wide. Third maxilliped slightly reaching beyond antennal scale. Left second pereopod (Fig. 24C) overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.6 of carpus; carpus subdivided into 47-51 articles. Right second pereopod (Fig. 24D) overreaching antennal scale by entire chela; carpus subdivided into 16-17 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 24E) overreaching antennal scale by entire dactylus and anterior 0.8 of propodus; dactylus with 12 accessory spinules on flexor margin; carpus with 2-3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 10-12 lateral and 9-10 ventral spines. Fourth pereopod similar to third; carpus with 3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 9 lateral and 7 ventral spines. Fifth pereopod simliar to third; carpus with 2-3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 6 lateral and 6-7 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body generally pale blown, with scatterd dark reddish brown spots on branchial region Decapoda: Pandalidae: Pandalus 55

C A, B D

E C-E

Fig. 24. Pandalus gracilis, female (CL 11.8 mm) from Tongyeong. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left second pereopod, lateral; D. same, right; E. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

of carapace and entire abdomen; antennal flagellum banded with brown and white; third maxilliped and ambulatory pereopods with dark brown bands on paler background (Pl. 17). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan, East Sea; 30-311 m. KOREA: GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GN: 3♀♀ (CL 8.5-12.5 mm) (Yongcho Island, Tongyeong, shrimp trawl: 24.vii.2002); 1♂(CL 14.9 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 18.0 mm) (off Busan, 100 m, otter trawl: 22.x.2002). REMARKS: The differences between P. gracilis and P. hypsinotus are as follows: the rostrum is shorter in P. gracilis than in P. hypsinotus (1.1-1.3 times longer than carapace vs. 1.3-1.5 times); and the ventral teeth of the rostrum are fewer in P. gracilis than in in P. hypsinotus (5-8 vs. 8-9 teeth). 56 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

24. Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt, 1851 (Fig. 25, Pl. 18) Do-hwa-sae-u (도화새우)

Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt, 1851, p. 125 [type locality: Unalaska]; Doflein, 1900, p. 322; Rathbun, 1902, p. 46; 1904, p. 46, pl. 2, fig. 5; Brashnikov, 1907, p. 114, fig. 13a-k, pl. 2, fig. 9; Balss, 1914, p. 29; De Man, 1920, p. 103; Yokoya, 1933, p. 16 (? in part); 1939, p. 263; Derjugin and Kobjakova, 1935, p. 142; Kobjakova, 1936, p. 209; 1937, p. 102; 1958, p. 222; 1967, p. 231; Makarov, 1941, p. 115; Yoshida, 1941, p. 22, pl. 5, fig. 1; Urita, 1942, p. 6; Kubo, 1965, p. 609 (? in part), fig. 951; Miyake et al., 1962, p. 123; Igarashi, 1969, p. 2, pl. 2, fig. 4, pl. 8, fig. 38; Kim and Park, 1972, p. 274; Kim, 1976, p. 144; 1977, p. 281, figs. 118-120, pl. 27, fig. 55a, b; Butler, 1980, p. 143; Komai, 1991, p. 75; Komai et al., 1992, p. 192; Jensen, 1995: 54, fig. 101; Komai, 1999, p. 1306, figs. 18, 19; Cha et al., 2001, p. 131, 2 unnumbered figs. Not Pandalus hypsinotus Miyake, 1982, p. 60, pl. 20 fig. 2 [=Plesionika izumiae Omori, 1971].

Rostrum (Fig. 25A) moderately curving dorsally, 1.3-1.5 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 18-20 spines, including 8-9 spines on carapace, and 1-2 fixed teeth near apex, posteriormost spine arising from posterior 0.6 of carapace; ventral margin with 8-9 teeth, posteriormost tooth strongest. Carapace (Fig. 25A) with postrostral ridge highly crested, extending nearly to posterodorsal margin of carapace. Abdomen (Fig. 25B) rounded dorsally; fourth and fifth somites each with posterior acute tooth; sixth somite 0.7 times as long as telson. Telson (Fig. 25B) armed with 5-6 dorsolateral spines on either side; posterior margin with 2 pairs of spines. Eye (Fig. 25A) broadly subpyriform. Antennal scale (Fig. 25C) 4.5 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth slightly overreaching distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped slightly reaching beyond distal margin of antennal scale. Left second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.8 of carpus; carpus divided into about 70 articles. Right second pereopod overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.2 of carpus; carpus subdivided into 21 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 25D) overreaching antennal scale by dactylus, propodus and half of carpus in adult males, by dactylus and half of propodus in adult females; dactylus with many accessory spinules on flexor margin; carpus with 3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 9 lateral and 8 ventral spines. Fourth pereopod with carpus armed with 2-3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 7 lateral and 6-7 ventral spines. Fifth pereopod with carpus provided with 2 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 5-6 lateral and 6 ventral spines.

COLOR: Base color light tan or orange; carapace with reddish or brownish area around orbital and cardiac regions, branchial region with scattered red spots, hepatic region with somewhat large white spots; abdomen with reddish or chocolate brown transverse bands on third to fifth somites; reddish brown blotches or spots on dorsal and lateral surfaces of each somite (Pl. 18). DISTRIBUTION: Nouthern North Pacific including Korea, Japan, East Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Kurile Island, Bering Sea to Puget Sound; 5-501 m. KOREA: GW, GB. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GB: 2♂♂ (CL 34.1, 36.0 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 41.0, 43.8 mm) (off Uljin: 10.ii. 2003). ECOLOGY: This species which is the largest one of the genus is commercially important along the eastern coast of Korea. REMARKS: Komai (1999), who revised all species of the genus Pandalus, mentioned that the juveniles Decapoda: Pandalidae: Pandalus 57

C A

B-D

Fig. 25. Pandalus hypsinotus, male (CL 34.1 mm) from off Uljin. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left antennal scale, ventral; D. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. of P. hypsinotus may be easily mistaken for P. gracilis without determination of sex. Nevertheless, the relatively longer rostrum with more numerous ventral teeth will separate young of P. hypsinotus from adult P. gracilis.

25. Pandalus prensor Stimpson, 1860 (Fig. 26, Pl. 19) Job-eun-bi-neul-do-hwa-sae-u (좁은비늘도화새우)

Pandalus prensor Stimpson, 1860, p. 37 [type locality: Hokodate]; Hayashi, 1988, pp. 73, 74; Komai et al., 1992, p. 192; Komai, 1999, p. 1315, figs. 22, 23; Cha et al., 2001, p. 133, 3 unnumbered figs. Pandalus hypsinotus: Doflein, 1902, p. 635, pl. 4, figs. 1, 2; Yokoya, 1933, 16 (?part). 58 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

Pandalus hypsinotus meridionalis Balss, 1914, p. 29 (part). Pandalus meridionalis: Kobjakova, 1936, p. 209, pl. 3, fig. 23; 1937, p. 100, pl. 1, fig. 3; 1958, p. 223; 1967, p. 232; Urita, 1942, p. 7; Igarashi, 1969, p. 3, pl. 2, fig. 5, pl. 13, fig. 39. Pandalus mitsukurii: Kim and Park, 1972: 205, pl. 4, fig. 8. Not Pandalus mitsukurii Rathbun, 1902 [=Pandalopsis pacifica (Doflein, 1902)]. Pandalus danae: Kim, 1985, p. 67, fig. 1A, B. Not Pandalus danae Stimpson, 1857.

A, B, D, E

B C

Fig. 26. Pandalus prensor, ovigerous female (CL 12.2 mm) from Incheon. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left second pereopod, lateral; D. same, right; E. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 59

Not Pandalus prensor: Miyake, 1982: 60, pl. 20 fig. 3 [=Pandalus gracilis Stimpson, 1860].

Rostrum (Fig. 26A) noticeably curving dorsally, 1.0-1.5 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 12 spines, including 5 on carapace, and 2 fixed teeth near apex, posteriormost spine arising from about middle of carapace; ventral margin with 7 teeth, poteriormost tooth much stronger than preceding teeth. Carapace (Fig. 26A) with postrostral ridge low, extending beyond middle of carapace. Abdomen (Fig. 26B) without carina or projection dorsally; sixth somite 0.6 times as long as telson. Telson (Fig. 26B) with 4-6 dorsolateral spines on either side. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 26A) falling slightly short of middle of antennal scale. Antennal scale (Fig. 26A) slender, 5.4 times as long as wide. Third maxilliped overreaching antennal scale by half of ultimate segment. Left second pereopod (Fig. 26C) overreaching antennal scale by chela and anterior 0.8 of carpus; carpus subdivided into about 47-48 articles. Right second pereopod (Fig. 26D) overreaching antennal scale by chela and anterior 0.2 of carpus; carpus divided into 15-18 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 26E) overreaching antennal scale by entire dactyl and propodus; dactylus with 8-15 accessory spinules on flexor margin; carpus with 2 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 6-8 lateral and 5 ventral spines. Fourth pereopod with carpus armed with 2-3 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 6-8 lateral and 5-8 ventral spines. Fifth pereopod with carpus armed with 2-4 lateral and 1 mesial spines; merus with 5-7 lateral and 4-5 ventral spines.

COLOR: Base color brown or reddish brown; carapace with paler spots or faint stripes on lateral surface, with fine blue spots on cardiac region; abdomen also with paler spots or irregular striping and scattered fine blue spots; antennal flagellum banded with brown and white; third maxilliped and ambulatory pereopods banded with brown, yellow and violet or blue-gray (Pl. 19). DISTRIBUTION: Asian waters including Korea, Yellow Sea, northern Japan, continental coast of Russia, Sakhalin, southern Kurile Islands; subtidal to 247 m. KOREA: GG, GW, GB, GN. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: GG: 2♂♂ (CL 10.0, 10.2 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (CL 12.2 mm) (Incheon: xii.1995); GN: 1♀(CL 13.0 mm), 1 ovig. ♀(CL 19.6 mm) (Busan, off Gori: 8.xi.2002). REMARKS: Kim (1985) reported P. danae from the Korean waters. However, it is probably based on a misidentification of specimens of P. prensor.

Genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 Kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u-sok (꼬마도화새우속)

Rostrum immovably attached to remainder of carapace, armed with at least some fixed teeth on both margins. Carapace without supraorbital spine or lateral carinae, dorsally carinate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly. Third abdominal somite unarmed or bearing fixed posteromesial tooth. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk. Third maxilliped with exopod. Second pereopod with carpus divided into more than 3 articles. Type species: Plesionika uniproducta Bate, 1888.

SPECIES 92 (6 in Korea). 60 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

Key to the species of genus Plesionika

1. Rostrum with dorsal margin armed with closely set teeth, serrate; pereopods without strap-like epipods on coxae ······················································································································2 - Rostrum with dorsal teeth widely spaced; first to fourth pereopods with strap-like epipods on coxae ········································································································································3 2. Fourth abdominal somite with marginal tooth on pleuron; third maxilliped without epipod······ ····································································································································*P. grandis - Fourth abdominal somite without marginal tooth on pleuron; third maxilliped with strap-like epipod··························································································································*P. narval 3. Fourth and fifth abdominal somites with marginal tooth on pleuron········································4 - Fourth abdominal somite without marginal tooth on pleuron ··················································5 4. Posterior teeth of dorsal rostral series forming distinct crest dorsal and posterior to orbit··········· ···································································································································*P. lophotes - No prominent crest at base of rostrum········································································*P. izumiae 5. Rostrum armed ventrally with fewer than 20 rather widely spaced teeth; fifth abdominal somite with posteroventral denticle on pleuron···································································*P. ortmanni - Rostrum armed ventrally with more than 20 closely set teeth, serrate; fifth abdominal somite without posteroventral denticle on pleuron······························································*P. orientalis

26. Plesionika grandis Doflein, 1902 (Fig. 27, Pl. 20) Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (줄무늬꼬마도화새우)

Plesionika spinipes var. grandis Doflein, 1902, p. 618, pl. 3, figs. 3-5 [type locality: Sagami Bay, Japan]. Parapandalus spinipes: De Man, 1920, p. 142, pl. 12, fig. 33a, c-e, pl. 13, fig. 33, 33b [not Plesionika spinipes Bate, 1888]. Plesionika grandis: Chace, 1985, p. 66, figs. 28, 29; Hayashi, 1986, pp. 133, 271, fig. 83; Chan and Crosnier, 1991, p. 423, figs. 3f, 22; Hanamura and Evans, 1996, p. 12; Li and Komai, 2003, p. 260; Li, 2006b, p. 369; 2006c, p. 1285, fig. 2; Li and Davie, 2006, p. 160, fig. 4; Kim et al., 2012, p. 106, figs. 1, 7A.

Rostrum (Fig. 27A) moderately curving dorsally, 1.4-1.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 37-44 teeth, including 6 on carapace, 2 posteriormost teeth with distinct basal sutures; ventral margin with 21-24 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 1A, B) with orbital margin slightly convex in ventral part, regularly concave elsewhere; antennal spine strong, pterygostomian spine weak. Abdomen (Fig. 27B) smooth and rounded dorsally; pleura of fourth and fifth somites each with posteroventral tooth; sixth somite 1.7-1.9 times as long as maximum height. Telson(Fig. 27B) usually 1.3-1.4 times as long as sixth abdoiminal somite, with 3 pairs of small dorsolateral spines; posterior margin ending in minute median tooth, bearing 3 pairs of marginal spines. Eye (Fig. 27A) subpyriform, maximum diameter more or less than 0.2 carapace length; cornea broader than eyestalk. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 27A) with stylocerite acute, barely overreaching distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 27C) 3.9-4.1 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth overreaching rounded blade. Third maxilliped slender, overreaching distal margin of antennular peduncle by entire ultimate segment and anterior 0.1 penultimate segment, without epipod; penultimate segment Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 61

C A-C, E

Fig. 27. Plesionika grandis, ovigerous female (CL 20.5 mm) from Busan. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left antennal scale, ventral; D. left second pereopod, lateral; E. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

1.6 times as long as ultimate segment. Pereopods without epipods, not extremely slender or thread- like. Second pereopods (Fig. 27D) subequal; carpi with 22-23 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 1G) overreaching antennal scale by slightly more than lengths of distal 3 segments; dactyl usually about 0.2-0.3 times as long as propodus; 3 distal segments combined 1.4-1.9 times as long as carapace; merus with 11-13 lateral and 4-5 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body generally pinkish and slightly transparent, with four very narrow longitudinal red stripes on abdomen, three oblique on carapace, branchial region of carapace deep red; rostrum pinkish with margins red; pereopods with proximal segments somewhat whitish but becoming red distally (Pl. 20). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: Korea, Japan, East and South China seas, Philippines, Indonesia, 62 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II northwestern Australia, Zanzibar area of eastern Africa and Madagascar; 110-375 m. KOREA: GN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1♂ (CL 19.8 mm), 1♀ (CL 14.5 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 21.0, 22.0 mm) (East of Jeju Island, 142 m, otter trawl: 31.v.2003); 1♂(CL 19.8 mm) (South of Jeju Island, 117 m, otter trawl: 27.x.2004); 2 ovig. ♀♀ (CL 19.6, 19.7 mm) (Northwest of Jeju Island, 92 m, otter trawl: 3.x.2007); GN: 1 ovig. ♀(CL 20.5 mm) (Busan, off Dadaepo, shrimp trawl: 11.iii.2009); 1♂(CL 16.0 mm) (Busan, off Dadaepo, shrimp trawl: 3.viii.2010). REMARKS: This species is a member of the Plesionika narval species-group revised by Chan and Crosnier (1991). They also subdivided the species-group into 2 subgroups (namely “spinipes” subgroup and “narval” subgroup) by the presence or absence of a posteroventral tooth of the fifth abdominal pleuron. P. grandis belongs to the “spinipes” subgroup with the tooth.

27. Plesionika izumiae Omori, 1971 (Fig. 28, Pl. 21) Jeom-bak-i-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (점박이꼬마도화새우)

Plesionika izumiae Omori, 1971, p. 242, figs. 1-4, 6-12, pl. 1 [type locality: off Abe River, Suruga Bay, Honshu, Japan; 45 m]; Hayashi and Koike, 1976, p. 47, figs. 1a-e, 2; Hayashi, 1986, p. 133, 271, fig. 84; Cha et al., 2001, p. 136, 2 unnumbered figs.; Li and Komai, 2003, p. 261; Li and Davie, 2006, p. 160; Li, 2006a, p. 109, figs. 1-3; 2006b, p. 369; 2006c, p. 1286; 2007, p. 703; Kim et al., 2012, p. 107, figs. 2, 7B. Plesionika izumiae?: Chace, 1985, p. 75, fig. 34.

Rostrum (Fig. 28A) noticeably curving dorsally, 1.5-1.7 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 11-13 teeth, including 4 on carapace, 5-7 posteriormost teeth movable; ventral margin with 13- 14 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 28A) with orbital margin convex in ventral part, rather regularly concave in dorsal half. Abdomen (Fig. 28B) rounded dorsally; pleura of fourth and fifth somites with posteroventral tooth; sixth somite 1.7 times as long as maximum height. Telson 1.4 times as long as sixth abdominal somite, with 3 pairs of dorsolateral spinules, posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye moderately large, maximum diameter about 0.18 carapace length. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 28A) with stylocerite sharp, reaching distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 28C) 4.2 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth falling distinctly short of distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped overreaching antennal scale by half of ultimate segment, penultimate segment 0.7 as long as ultimate segment, with epipod. Pereopods with prominent epipods on 4 anterior pairs; not extremely slender or thread-like. Second pereopods very unequal; left (Fig. 28D) overreaching antennal scale by distal 3 segments, with 83-117 carpal articles; right (Fig. 28E) reaching distal margin of antennal scale, with 18-24 carpal articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 28F) overreaching antennal scale by dactylus and half of propodus; dacylus about 0.5 as long as propodus; 3 distal segments combined nearly 1.3 times as long as carapace; merus with 10-12 lateral and 4-8 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body light reddish brown, red bands on branchial region of carapace, dorsal part of third abdominal somite, margins of first and third abdominal pleura (Pl. 21). DISTRIBUTION: Philippines, South and East China seas, Japan, Korea; 40-80 m. KOREA: JN, GN, JJ. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 63

F A

A, B

C-E

Fig. 28. Plesionika izumiae. A-E. ovigerous female (CL 12.1 mm) from the West of Jeju Island; F. female (CL 7.2 mm) from the West of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. right antennal scale, ventral; D. left second pereopod, lateral; E. same, right; F. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: A-E=2 mm, F=1 mm. 64 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1 ovig. ♀(CL 12.1 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 65 m, otter trawl: 14.iii.2002); 2♀♀ (CL 7.2, 7.2 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 68 m, otter trawl: 23.iii.2003). ECOLOGY: This is a very common species in the East China Sea and the northern part of the South China Sea and adjacent waters (Li, 2006).

28. Plesionika lophotes Chace, 1985 (Fig. 29, Pl. 22) Keun-jeom-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (큰점꼬마도화새우)

Plesionika binoculus: De Man, 1920, p. 134, pl. 12, fig. 30; Hayashi and Koike, 1976, p. 47, fig. 1a, fi [not Bate, 1888]. Plesionika binocular: Miyake, 1982, p. 61, pl. 2-3 [not Bate, 1888]. Plesionika lophotes Chace, 1985, p. 81, fig. 37 [type locality: Samar Sea between southeastern Masbate and Almagro Island, Philippines, 11°57′27′′N, 124°10′42′′E, 245 m]; Hayashi, 1986, pp. 135, 272, fig. 85; Miyake, 1998, p. 61, pl. 2-3; Chan, 2004, p. 307, figs. 6, 15; Kim et al., 2012, p. 109, figs. 3, 7C.

Rostrum (Fig. 29A) remarkably curving dorsally, 1.5 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 14 teeth, including 5-6 on carapace, all teeth on carapace with distinct basal sutures and movable; ventrall margin with 13-18 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 29A) with orbital margin convex in ventral part, rather deeply concave posteriorly, become nearly straight dorsally; antennal spine much stronger pterygostomian spine. Abdomem (Fig. 29B) smooth and rounded dorsally; pleura of fourth and fifth somites with small marginal tooth posteriorly; sixth somite 1.5 times as long as maximum height. Telson (Fig. 29B) 1.6 times as long as sixth abdominal somite; dorsolateral margin with 4 pairs of small spine; posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye (Fig. 29A) broadly subpyriform, maximum diameter about 0.2 carapace length, Antennular peduncle (Fig. 29A) with stylocerite sharply acute, distinctly overreaching distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 29A) about 3.4 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth falling short of distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by half of ultimate segment, with epipod; penultimate segment about 0.7 as long as ultimate segment. Pereopods with epipods on 4 anterior pairs; not extremely slender or thread-like. Second pereopods unequal, left (Fig. 29C) overreaching antennal scale by distal 3 segment and anterior 0.3 of merus, with 147 carpal articles, right (Fig. 29D) overreaching antennal scale by entire chela and anterior 0.7 of carpus, with 40 carpal articles. Third pereopods (Fig. 29E) overreaching antennal scale by dactyl and half of propodus; dactylus about 0.3 as long as propodus; 3 distal segment combined about 1.1 times as long as carapace; carpus with 3 lateral spines; merus 12 lateral and 6 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body light reddish orange, with large red circles margined by white on third abdominal somite; carapace and anterior abdomen with scattered white dots; thoracic appendages, antennular and antennal flagella with bands of red and white (Pl. 22). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, southern Arabia, Madagascar, Vietnam, Philippines, Japan, Korea; 0-123 m. KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1 ovig. ♀(CL 16.5 mm) (South of Jeju Island, 117 m, otter trawl: 27.x.2004); 1 ovig. ♀(CL 22.8 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 105 m, otter trawl: 15.x.2007). Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 65

A-E

Fig. 29. Plesionika lophotes, ovigerous female (CL 22.8 mm) from the West of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. third to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left second pereopod, lateral; D. same, right; E. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

REMARKS: Chan (2004) who revised “P. lophotes” species group examined 2 Korean specimens of P. lophotes from the southern waters of Jeju Island. The species is characterized by its relatively large body size, very high basal rostral crest, the high number of the rostral teeth along both the dorsal and ventral margins, and the long dactyli on the posterior 3 pairs of pereopods. 66 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

29. Plesionika narval (Fabricius, 1787) (Fig. 30, Pl. 23) Huin-jul-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (흰줄꼬마도화새우)

Astacus narval Fabricius, 1787, p. 331 [type locality: probably Nice, Mediterranean]. Parapandalus narval: Crosnier and Forest, 1973, p. 221, fig. 69a; Crosnier, 1976, p. 235, fig. 4b. Plesionika serratifrons: De Man, 1920, p. 146, pl. 12, fig. 34a, c, pl. 13, fig. 34b, d, e; Chace, 1985, p. 121, figs. 55, 56 (not Borradaile, 1900). Plesionika narval: Lemaitre and Gore, 1988, p. 385, figs. 3k-m, 4; Chan and Crosnier, 1991, p. 443, figs. 12a-c, 13a, 14a-c, 15a-e, 34-36; Li and Komai, 2003, p. 265; Fransen, 2006, p. 71, figs. 20, 66; Li and Davie, 2006, p. 161; Kim et al., p. 109, figs. 4, 7D.

Rostrum (Fig. 30A) slightly curving dorsally, elongate, 2.2-2.3 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 58-60 serrated teeth, including 5 on carapace, all teeth on carapace with distinct basal sutures and movable; ventral margin with 41-44 serrated teeth. Carapace (Fig. 30A) with orbital

A-C D, E B

Fig. 30. Plesionika narval, ovigerous female (CL 15.1 mm) from the South of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. right antennal scale, ventral; D. left third maxilliped, lateral; E. left second pereo-pod, lateral. Scales: A- C=2 mm, D, E=1 mm. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 67 margin slightly truncate in dorsal end; strong antennal and weak pterygostomian spines present. Abdomen (Fig. 30B) smooth and rounded dorsally; pleuron of fourth somite rounded, that of fifth somites with small marginal tooth posteriorly; sixth somite 1.8 times as long as maximum height. Telson (Fig. 30B) about 1.1 times as long as sixth abdominal somite; dorsolateral with 3 pairs of dorsolateral spinules, posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye (Fig. 30A) broadly subpyriform, maximum diameter about 0.2 carapace length. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 30A) with stylocerite tapered anteriorly, falling short of distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 30C) much slender, about 5.4 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth reaching beyond distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped (Fig. 30D) slender, overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by ultimate segment and anterior 0.2 of penultimate segment, with epipod; penultimate segment about 1.7 as long as ultimate segment. Pereopods with epipods on 4 anterior pairs; not extremely slender or thread-like. Second pereopods (Fig. 30E) subequal, overreaching antennal scale by distal 2 segments and half of carpus; carpi with 27-29 articles. Third pereopods overreaching antennal scale by distal 3 segments; merus with 12 lateral and 2-4 ventral spines. Fourth pereopod with merus bearing 13 lateral and 1 ventral teeth. Fifth pereopod with merus bearing 11 lateral and 3 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body transparent whitish or somewhat pink-red, with one subdorsal and one lateral red- margined white stripe; rostrum red with margins somewhat paler in color; pereopods red distally and pink proximally (Pl. 23). DISTRIBUTION: Mediterranean, East Atlantic coast from Gibraltar to Cape Verde Islands, South Atlantic, Red Sea, and Indo-West Pacific from Madagascar to Polynesia, Japan, Korea; 35-910 m. KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1♂ (CL 16.5 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (CL 15.1 mm) (South of Jeju Island, 111 m, otter trawl: 24.iv.2004); 1♂(CL 11.3 mm) (West of Jeju Island: 8.xii.2007). REMARKS: In Korea, this species was firstly reported by Kim et al. (2012). P. narval differs from the Korean congeners in having the following character combination: the closely set teeth and serrate dorsal rostral margin, a marginal tooth on the fourth abdominal pleuron, a strap-like epipod on the third maxilliped, and no epipod on pereopods.

30. Plesionika orientalis Chace, 1985 (Fig. 31, Pl. 24) Dong-bang-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (동방꼬마도화새우)

Plesionika semilaevis Bate, 1888, p. 644 (part). Plesionika martia orientalis Chace, 1985, p. 84, figs. 38, 39, 53, 54 [type locality: Sulu Archipelago between Jolo and Tavitawi islands, 5°48′00′′N, 120°33′45′′E, 490 m]; Takeda and Hanamura, 1994, p. 21, fig. 9; Li, 2006a, p. 115. Plesionika orientalis: Hanamura and Evans, 1996, p. 14; Li and Davie, 2006, p. 161; Li, 2006c, p. 1288, fig. 3; Kim et al., 2012, p. 111, figs. 5, 7E.

Rostrum (Fig. 31A) moderately curving dorsally, elongate, 2.2 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin, on basal crest only, with 8 teeth, including 3 on carapace, all teeth on partial basal sutures; ventral margin with 42 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 31A) with orbital margin convex in ventral part, nearly vertical posteriorly; antennal and pterygostomian spines prominent. Abdomen (Fig. 31B) smooth 68 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A-C D, E

Fig. 31. Plesionika orientalis, female (CL 17.5 mm) from the West of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. right antennal scale, ventral; D. left third maxilliped, lateral; E. left second pereopod, lateral. Scales: A-C=2 mm, D, E=1 mm.

and rounded dorsally; pleura of first to fifth somites without distinct marginal tooth or denticle; sixth somite about 2.2 times as long as maximum height. Telson (Fig. 31B) subequal to sixth abdominal somite in length; dorsolateral margin with 3 pairs of spinules; posterior margin with minute median tooth, flanked by 2 pairs of spines. Eye (Fig. 31A) very broadly subpyriform, maximum diameter aobut 0.25 carapace length. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 31A) with stylocerite bluntly acute, slightly reaching beyond distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 31B) 5.0 times as long as wide; distolateral tooth slightly falling short of distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped (Fig. 31D) overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by anterior 0.3 of ultimate segment, with epipod, well developed exopod present; penultimate segment 1.3 times as long as ultimate segment. Pereopods with epipods on 4 anterior pairs, not extremely slender or thread-like. Second pereopods (Fig. 31E) subequal, reaching distal margin of antennal scale, carpi with 18-21 articles. Third pereopod overreaching antennal scale by lengths of dactylus, propodus, and anterior 0.7 of carpus.

COLOR: Body transparent whitish or somewhat pinkish tinge, with numerous small spots on carapace and abdominal margins; distal parts of rostrum, antennular flagella and third maxilliped red (Pl. 24). DISTRIBUTION: Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, South and East China seas, Korea; 247-686 m. Decapoda: Pandalidae: Plesionika 69

KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 1♀ (CL 17.5 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 66 m, otter trawl: 18.iv.2004); 1♂ (CL 12.0 mm) (Northwest of Jeju Island, 100 m, otter trawl: 13.xi.2010). REMARKS: The specimens agree well with Chace’s (1985) original description and illustrations, and Li’s (2006) illustration from the East China Sea especially in terms of the basicerite of the antenna with the small and short distoventral tooth (Fig. 31A, C).

31. Plesionika ortmanni Doflein, 1902 (Fig. 32, Pl. 25) Gin-jul-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u (긴줄꼬마도화새우)

Plesionika ortmanni Doflein, 1902, p. 616, pl. 3, fig. 2, 2a [type locality: Sagami Bay, Japan]; Balss, 1914, p. 30, fig. 14; Fujino and Miyake, 1970, p. 261, fig. 8; Chace, 1985, p. 92, fig. 41; Hayashi, 1986, pp. 137, 273, fig. 87; Cha et al., 2001, p. 138, 2 unnumbered figs.; Li and Komai, 2003, p. 267; Li, 2006a, p. 115; 2006b, p. 370; 2006c, p. 1289; Kim et al., 2012, p. 113, figs. 6, 7F. Plesionika Ortmanni (sic): De Man, 1920, p. 124, pl. 11, fig. 26.

Rostrum (Fig. 32A) rather curving dorsally, 1.5-1.6 times as long as carapace; dorsal margin with 17-18 teeth, including 3-4 on carapace, all teeth with partial or complete basal sutures; ventral margin with 6-9 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 32A) with orbital margin slightly convex in ventral part, rather regularly concave elsewhere; antennal spine strong, pterygostomian spine rather weak. Abdomen (Fig. 32B) without carina or projection dorsally; pleuron of fifth somite with posteroventral tooth; sixth somite 1.5 times as long as maximum height. Telson (Fig. 32B) 1.5 times as long as sixth abdominal somite; dorsolateral margin with 3 pairs of spinules; posterior margin with 3 pairs of spines. Eye (Fig. 32A) subpyriform, maximum diameter barely 0.2 carapace length. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 32A) with stylocerite sharply point anteriorly, reaching distal margin of first antennular segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 32C) 4.3-4.4 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth reaching narrow distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped overreaching distal margin of antennal scale by entire ultimate segment and anterior 0.2 of penultimate segment, with epipod; penultimate segment 1.4 as long as ultimate segment. Pereopods with prominent epipods on 4 anterior pairs; not extremely slender or thread-like. Second pereopods (Fig. 32D) subequal, overreaching entire chela and half of carpus; carpus with 28-33 articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 32D) overreaching antennal scale by lengths of distal 3 segments; dacylus about 0.5 as long as propodus; 3 distal segments combined nearly 2.0 times as long as carapace; merus with 8-12 lateral and 8 ventral spines.

COLOR: Body light reddish brown, 1 white line from branchoistegal region of carapace obliquely backward through lateral surface of first to sixth abdominal somites and another white line from lateral surface of posterior half of third abdominal somite to end of telson, with rather broad red line ventrally (Pl. 25). DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia, Philippines, South and East China seas, Japan, Korea; 29-400 m. KOREA: JN, JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: JJ: 3♂♂ (CL 13.7-17.2 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (CL 16.4 mm) (North of Jeju Island, 117 m, otter trawl: 1.xi.2002); 2♂♂ (CL 14.1, 16.5 mm) (South of Jeju Island, 100 m, otter trawl: 3.xii. 2003). REMARKS: This species is easily distinguished from the Korean congeners having the diagnostic 70 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

B C

A-C, E

D D

Fig. 32. Plesionika ortmanni, male (CL 13.9 mm) from the North of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral; B. fourth to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left antennal scale, ventral; D. right second pereopod, lateral; E. left third pereopod, lateral. Scales: 2 mm.

white line from the branchiostegal region of the carapace to the lateral surface of the sixth abdominal somite.

Genus Procletes Bate, 1888 Ga-si-do-hwa-sae-u-sok (가시도화새우속)

Rostrum with teeth on both margins. Carapace without supraorbital spine, dorsally carinate nearly to posterior margin. Abdomen with dorsomedian spines on some somites. Eye with cornea wider than eyestalk. Third maxilliped with exopod. Pereopods with epipods on anterior four pairs; second pereopods subequal and similar, carpus composed of 5 or 6 articles. Type species: Procletes levicarina (Bate, 1888).

SPECIES 1 (1 in Korea). Decapoda: Pandalidae: Procletes 71

32. Procletes levicarina (Bate, 1888) (Fig. 33, Pl. 26) Ga-si-do-hwa-sae-u (가시도화새우)

Dorodotes levicarina Bate, 1888, p. 680 [type locality: Arafura Sea west of Torres Strait; 51 m]. Heterocarpus (Heterocarpoides) levicarina: De Man, 1920, p. 110, 178, pl. 15, fig. 44-44f. Heterocarpoides levicarina: Calman, 1939, p. 207; Liu, 1963, p. 231; Chace, 1985, p. 16, figs. 11, 12. Heterocarpus (Heterocapoides [sic]) glabrus Zarenkov, 1971, p. 193, fig. 4 (16-27) [type locality: South China Sea; 75 m]. Heterocarpus (Procletes) levicarina: Menon, 1972, pp. 382-390. Procletes levicarina: Holthuis, 1993, p. 278, fig. 277; Miyake, 1998, p. 187; Li and Komai, 2003, p. 271; Li and Davie, 2006, p. 164; Li, 2006b, p. 370; 2006c, p. 1293; 2007, p. 703; Kim et al., 2011b, p. 399, figs. 1, 2.

Rostrum (Fig. 33A) longer than carapace length, overreaching antennal scale, somewhat upward distally; dorsal margin armed with 11-14 teeth, including 4 or 5 teeth on carapace posterior to level of orbital margin, posteriormost tooth with distinct basal suture; ventral margin armed with 5-7 teeth. Carapace (Fig. 33A) dorsally carinate nearly to posterior margin; posterior end of dorsomedian carina with small papilla; strong antennal and branchiostegal spines present; lateral carinae not sharp but distinct. Abdomen (Fig. 33B) with dorsomedian carina on all somites; third to fifth somites each with strong posteromedian tooth; pleura of fourth to sixth somites with small tooth posteroventrally; tergum of fourth and fifth somites with numerous tegumental scales. Telson (Fig. 33B) armed with 4 pairs of small dorsolateral spines, posterior pair superimposed above bases of lateral pair of posterior spines, posterior margin acutely triangular, with pair of long, stout, lateral spines and median pair of contiguous spines concealed beneath triangular margin. Eye (Fig. 33A) with papilla on ven- tromedian surface of eyestalk proximal to cornea. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 33A) falling short of half of antennal scale; stylocerite acute, overreaching basal segment. Antennal scale (Fig. 33A) with distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade. Third maxilliped with epipod and exopod. Pereopods (Fig. 33A) with epipods on first to fourth pairs; second pair subequal and similar, carpus composed of 6 or 7 articles; third pair with dactylus about 2/5 as long as propodus; carpus unarmed or armed with 1 or 2 small spines, merus with 11-16 small spines, ischium with 1 small spine; fourth pair more slender than third pair, carpus with 1 small spine, merus with 9-11 small spines, ischium with 1 or 2 small spines; fifth pair more slender than fourth pair, carpus with 1 small spine, merus with 7 or 8 small spines, ischium without spine. Appendix interna on second pleopod (Fig. 33C) broad distally; appendix masculina armed with more than 20 long spines on anteromesial and distal margins.

COLOR: Milky brown or light brown in base color scattered with red or pink small spots; rostrum somewhat transparent; thoracic appendages red (Pl. 26). DISTRIBUTION: Indo-West Pacific: Korea, Yellow Sea, Japan, East and South China seas, Indonesia, Philippines to Red Sea; 14-393 m. KOREA: JJ. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: 1♂ (CL 12.0 mm), 1♀ (CL 13.7 mm) (West of Jeju Island, 83 m, bottom otter trawl: 14.iii.2002); 2 ♂♂ (CL 14.2, 15.0 mm), 2♀♀ (CL 14.8, 16.8 mm) (South water of Jeju Island, 97 m, bottom otter trawl: 15.iii.2002). REMARKS: The genus Procletes includes only one species, P. levicarina. The genus is distinguished 72 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

A, B C

B C

Fig. 33. Procletes levicarina. A, B. female (CL 13.7 mm); C. male (CL 12.0 mm), from the western water of Jeju Island. A. carapace and cephalothoracic appendages, lateral; B. third to sixth abdominal somites and telson, lateral; C. left appendix masculina and appendix interna, mesial. Scales: A, B= 2 mm, C=1 mm.

from the other genera in Pandalidae by the following combination of characteristics: (1) the postrostral carina on the carapace extends nearly to the posterior margin; (2) longitudinal carinae on the lateral surface of the carapace are usually present; (3) the second pereopod is subequal and similar; Decapoda: Pandalidae: Procletes 73 and (4) the carpus of the second pereopod is composed of no more than 6 articles. The present specimens generally coincided with previous descriptions of P. levicarina (cf. Bate, 1888; De Man, 1920; Chace, 1985; Li and Komai, 2003), except for the number of carpal articles of the second pereopod. The carpus of the second pereopod in the present specimens consisted of 6 articles, except for one female specimen with 7 articles (CL 16.8 mm). The number of articles of the carpus of the second pereopod has been known to vary between 5 and 6 (Chace, 1985; Li and Komai, 2003). Thus, including the present results, the article number of the carpus of the second pereopod varies between 5 and 7 within this species. Also, Chace (1985) and Li and Komai (2003) reported that the development of the lateral carinae on the carapace is variable from weak to rather distinct. The development of the median carina on the first abdominal somite is also variable from conspicuous to discernible as a trace or absent. However, these characteristics did not vary in the Korean specimens; the lateral carinae on the carapace were distinct and the median carina on the first abdominal somite was conspicuous. 74

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Miyake, S., 1961. Fauna and flora of the sea around the Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory. Part II. Decapod Crustacea. Cont. Amakusa Mar. Biol. Lab., Kyushu Univ., pp. 1-30 (in Japanese). Miyake, S., 1982. Japanese crustacean decapods and stomatopods in color. Vol. I. Macrura, Anomura and Stomatopoda. Hoikusha, Oksaka, 1st printing, pp. 1-261. Miyake, S., 1998. Japanese crustacean decapods and stomatopods in color. Vol. I. Macrura, Anomura and Stomatopoda. Hoikusha, Oksaka, 3rd printing, pp. 1-261. Miyake, S., K. Sakai and S. Nishikawa, 1962. A fauna-list of the decapod Crustacea from the coasts washed by the Tsushima warm current. Rec. Oceanogr. Wrk. Japan, Spec., 6: 121-131. Nakazawa, T., 1927. Decapoda. In Illustration of Japanese Zoology, Tokyo, pp. 992-1124 (in Japanese). Noël, P., 1986. Crustacés Decapodes: Processidae de l’Indo-Ouest-Pacifique. Mus. Nat’l Hist. Nat., Séries A, Zoologie, 133: 261-301. Omori, M., 1971. Taxonomy and some notes on the biology of a new caridean shrimp, Plesionika izumiae (Decapoda, Pandalidae). Crustaceana, 20(3): 241-256. Ortmann, A., 1890. Die Unterordnung Natantia Boas. Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Döderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesam- melten und z. Z. im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. I. Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Theire, 5: 437-542, pls. 36, 37. Parisi, B., 1919. I Decapodi giapponesi del Museo di Milano, VII. Natantia. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 58: 59-99, pls. 3-6. Park, Y.C. and K.N. Han, 2000. Systematic study on four shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia) of Sokmo Channel near Kanghwa Island, Korea. Yellow Sea, 6: 12-21. Rathbun, M.J., 1902. Japanese stalk-eyed crustaceans. Proc. US Nat. Mus., 26: 23-55. Rathbun, M.J., 1904. Decapod crustaceans of the northwest coast of North America. Harriman Alaska Expedit., 10: 1-210. Rathbun, M.J., 1929. Canadian Atlantic fauna. 10. Arthropoda. 10 m. Decapoda. Biological Board Canada, Atlantic Biological Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada, pp. 1-38. Squires, H.J., 1957. Decapod Crustacea of the Calanus Expeditions in Ungava Bay, 1947 to 1950. “Calanus” Series No. 11. Canadian J. Zool., 35: 463-494. Squires, H.J., 1962. Decapod Crustacea of the Calanus Expeditions in Frobisher, Baffin Island, 1951. J. Fish. Res. Board Canada, 19(4): 677-686. Squires, H.J., 1992. Recognition of Pandalus eous Makarov, 1935, as a Pacific species not a variety of the Atlantic Pandalus borealis Krøyer, 1838 (Decapoda, Caridea), Crustaceana, 63(3): 257-262. Stimpson, W., 1857. The Crustacea and Echinodermata of Pacific shores of North America. J. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6:1-92, pls. 18-23. Stimpson, W., 1860. Crustacea Macrura. In Prodomus descripsonis animalium evertebratorum, quae in expe- ditione ad Oceanum Pacificum Septentrionalem, a Republica Federata missa, C. Ringgold et J. Rodgers Ducibus, observavit et descripsit. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860: 22-47. Takeda, M, and Y. Hanamura, 1994. Deep-sea shrimps and lobsters from the Flores Sea collected by the RV Hakuho-Maru during KH-85-1 cruise. Bull. Nat’l Sci. Mus. Ser. A(Zool.) 20: 1-37. Unsworth, R.K.F., S. De Grave and L.Y.D. Goulding, 2010. Influence of environmental cycles upon a seagrass caridean shrimp assemblage. Raffles Bull. Zool., 58: 349-355. Urita, T., 1921. On the shrimps in Kagoshima Prefecture and their distributions. Dobutsugaku Zashi, 32: 214- 220 (in Japanese). Urita, T., 1926. On macrurous and brachyurous crustaceans from Tsingtao, China. Zool. Mag., 38: 421-438 (in Japanese). Literature Cited 79

Urita, T., 1942. Decapod crustaceans from Sahalin, Japan. Bull. Biogeogr. Soc. Japan, 12, 1-78. Vinogradov, L.G., 1950. Opredeliteli krevetok, rakov, i krabov dalinego Vostoka. [Classifcaion of shrimps, prawns, and crabs from Far East]. Izvestija Tikhookeanskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel’skogo Instituta Rybnogo Khozjaystva i Okeanografiyi, 33: 179-358. Wicksten, M.K. and M. Mendez, 1982. New records and new species of the genus Lebbeus (Caridea: Hippoly- tidae) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci., 81: 106-120. Yasuda, J., 1956. Naiwanni okeru ebiruino sigenseibutugakuteki kenkyu (II) kakuron kakushuruino seitaini kansuru kenkyu. [Biological study of shrimp resources in the Seto Inland Sea (II). Ecological study of each species]. Bull. Naikai Reg. Fish. Res. Lab., (9): 1-81. Yokoya, Y., 1930. Report of the biological survey of Mutsu Bay. 16. Macrura of Mutsu Bay. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., Fourth Series (Biology), 5, 525-548, pl. 1. Yokoya, Y., 1933. On the distribution of decapod crustaceans inhabiting the continental shelf around Japan, chiefly based upon the materials collected by S. S. Sôyô-Maru, during the years 1923-1930. J. Coll. Agr. Toyko Imp. Univ., 12, 1-222. Yokoya, Y., 1939. Macrura and Anomura of decapod Crustacea found in the neighbourhood of Onagawa, Miyagi-ken. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., (4) 14: 261-289. Yoshida, H., 1941. Important marine shrimps and lobsters of Tyôsen (Korea). Bull. Fish. Exp. Sta. Tyôsen, 7: 1-36, pls. 1-13. Yu, S.C., 1930. Note sur les crevettes chinoises appurtenant au genre Leander Desm. Avec description de nouvelles especes. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 55: 553-573. Yu, S.C., 1931. Description de deux nouvelles crevettes de Chine. Bull. Mus. Nat’l Hist. Nat., Paris, series 2, 3(6): 513-516, figs. 1, 2. Yu, S.C., 1935. Sur la famille des Hippolytidae de la Chine. Chinese J. Zool., 1: 41-54. Zarenkov, N.A., 1960. [Note about some decapods Crustacea of the Okhotsk and Bering Seas]. Trud. Inst. Okeanol., 34: 343-350. Zarenkov, N.A., 1971. Contribution to the study of the species and of the geographic distributuion of the marine shrimps belonging to the families Hippolytidae and Pandalidae (Crustacea Decapoda). Com. Issled. Prir. Okean, Mosk. Univ., 2: 176-195. 80

Plates

1. Exopalaemon carinicauda. 2. Exopalaemon orientis. 3. Palaemon gravieri. 4. Palaemon macrodactylus. 5. Palaemon ortmanni. 6. Palaemon serrifer. 7. Birulia kishinouyei. 8. Eualus middendorffi. 9. Eualus spathulirostruis. 10. Latreutes anoplonyx. 11. Latreutes planirostris. 12. Lebbeus groenlandicus. 13. Lysmata vittata. 14. Chlorotocus crassicornis. 15. Pandalopsis japonica. 16. Pandalus eous. 17. Pandalus gracilis. 18. Pandalus hypsinotus. 19. Pandalus prensor. 20. Plesionika grandis. 21. Plesionika izumiae. 22. Plesionika lophotes. 23. Plesionika narval. 24. Plesionika orientalis. 25. Plesionika ortmanni. 26. Procletes levicarina. Plates 81

2 82 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

4 Plates 83

6 84 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

8 Plates 85

10 86 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

12 Plates 87

14 88 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

16 Plates 89

18 90 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

20 Plates 91

22 92 Invertebrate Fauna of Korea·Shrimps II

24 Plates 93

26 94

Index to Korean Names

ㄱ ㅂ

가시도화새우 71 범배아목 9 가시도화새우속 70 북방갯가꼬마새우 29 가시배새우 37 북쪽분홍새우 52 가시배새우속 37 분홍갯가꼬마새우 31 갑각아문 9 붉은줄참새우 17 갯가꼬마새우 30 갯가꼬마새우속 28 고동무늬긴뿔새우 24 ㅅ 그라비새우 15 긴발줄새우 19 생이하목 9 긴줄꼬마도화새우 69 세모짧은뿔새우 41 꼬마도화새우속 59 세모짧은뿔새우속 41 꼬마새우과 25 십각목 9

ㄴ ㅇ

남방도화새우 54 어리꼬마새우 26 넓적뿔꼬마새우 35 어리꼬마새우속 26 넓적뿔꼬마새우속 33 연갑강 9

ㄷ ㅈ

도화새우 56 잘피짧은뿔새우 45 도화새우과 47 점박이꼬마도화새우 62 도화새우속 51 좁은비늘도화새우 57 동방꼬마도화새우 67 줄무늬꼬마도화새우 60 두마디새우 48 줄무늬꼬마새우 39 두마디새우속 47 줄무늬꼬마새우속 39 줄새우 20 줄새우속 14 ㅁ 줄새우아재비 22 진연갑아강 9 매끈등꼬마새우 34 징거미새우과 10 물렁가시붉은새우 50 짧은뿔새우 43 물렁가시붉은새우속 49 짧은뿔새우과 40 밀새우 11 짧은뿔새우속 43 밀새우속 11 Index to Korean Names 95

ㅋ ㅎ

큰점꼬마도화새우 64 흰새우 13 흰줄꼬마도화새우 66 96

Index to Korean Names as Pronounced

B H

Beom-bae-a-mok 9 Huin-jul-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 66 Buk-bang-gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u 29 Huin-sae-u 13 Buk-jjok-bun-hong-sae-u 52 Bulk-eun-jul-cham-sae-u 17 Bun-hong-gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u 31 J

Jal-pi-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u 45 D Jeom-bak-i-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 62 Jin-yeon-gab-a-gang 9 Do-hwa-sae-u 56 Jing-geo-mi-sae-u-gwa 10 Do-hwa-sae-u-gwa 47 Jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u 43 Do-hwa-sae-u-sok 51 JJalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-gwa 40 Dong-bang-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 67 Jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-sok 43 Du-ma-di-sae-u 48 Job-eun-bi-neul-do-hwa-sae-u 57 Du-ma-di-sae-u-sok 47 Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 60 Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-sae-u 39 Jul-mu-nui-kko-ma-sae-u-sok 39 E Jul-sae-u 20 Jul-sae-u-a-jae-bi 22 Eo-ri-kko-ma-sae-u 26 Jul-sae-u-sok 14 Eo-ri-kko-ma-sae-u-sok 26

K G Keun-jeom-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 64 Gab-gak-a-mun 9 Kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u-sok 59 Gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u 30 Kko-ma-sae-u-gwa 25 Gaet-ga-kko-ma-sae-u-sok 28 Ga-si-bae-sae-u 37 Ga-si-bae-sae-u-sok 37 M Ga-si-do-hwa-sae-u 71 Ga-si-do-hwa-sae-u-sok 70 Mae-kkeun-deong-kko-ma-sae-u 34 Geu-ra-bi-sae-u 15 Mil-sae-u 11 Gin-bal-jul-sae-u 19 Mil-sae-u-sok 11 Gin-jul-kko-ma-do-hwa-sae-u 69 Mul-reong-ga-si-bulk-eun-sae-u 50 Go-dong-mu-nui-gin-ppul-sae-u 24 Mul-reong-ga-si-bulk-eun-sae-u-sok 49 Index to Korean Names as Pronounced 97

N Se-mo-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u 41 Se-mo-jjalb-eun-ppul-sae-u-sok 41 Nam-bang-do-hwa-sae-u 54 Sip-gak-mok 9 Neob-jeok-ppul-kko-ma-sae-u 35 Neob-jeok-ppul-kko-ma-sae-u-sok 33 Y

S Yeon-gab-a-gang 9

Saeng-i-ha-mok 9 98

Index to Scientific Names

B Lebbeus 37 groenlandicus 37 Birulia 26 Lysmata 39 kishinouyei 26 vittata 39

C M

Caridea 9 Malacostraca 9 Chlorotocus 47 crassicornis 48 Crustacea 9 P

Palaemon 14 D gravieri 15 macrodactylus 17 Decapoda 9 ortmanni 19 paucidens 20 serrifer 22 E tenuidactylus 24 Palaemonidae 10 Eualus 28 Pandalidae 47 middendorffi 29 Pandalopsis 49 sinensis 30 japonica 50 spathulirostruis 31 Pandalus 51 Eumalacostraca 9 eous 52 Exopalaemon 11 gracilis 54 carinicauda 11 hypsinotus 56 orientis 13 prensor 57 Pleocyemata 9 Plesionika 59 H grandis 60 izumiae 62 Hayashidonus 41 lophotes 64 japonicus 41 narval 66 Hippolytidae 25 orientalis 67 ortmanni 69 Processa 43 L sulcata 43 zostericola 45 Latreutes 33 Processidae 40 anoplonyx 34 Procletes 70 planirostris 35 levicarina 71 Russia

JB GN JN

JJ South Sea Invertebrate Fauna of Korea

Volume 21, Number 21 Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda: Palaemonidae, Hippolytidae, Processidae, Pandalidae Shrimps II

Flora and Fauna of Korea

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment

ISBN 978-89-97462-78-0