Designing for Dream Spaces

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Designing for Dream Spaces DESIGNING FOR DREAM SPACES: EXPLORING DIGITALLY ENHANCED SPACE FOR CHILDREN’S ENGAGEMENT WITH MUSEUM OBJECTS KATARZYNA WARPAS A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2013 This work or any part thereof has not previously been presented in any form to the University or to any other body whether for the purposes of assessment, publication or for any other purpose (unless otherwise indicated). Save for any express acknowledgments, references and/or bibliographies cited in the work, I confirm that the intellectual content of the work is the result of my own efforts and of no other person. The right of Katarzyna Warpas to be identified as author of this work is asserted in accordance with ss.77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. At this date copyright is owned by the author. Signature……………………………………….. Date…………………………………………….. 2 “BUILDING THAT BRIDGE BETWEEN VISITORS AND OBJECTS (…) IS THE ESSENCE OF A GOOD MUSEUM DESIGN.” JOHN H. FALK, 2009 3 4 ABSTRACT This thesis presents an investigation into the potential of digitally enhanced exhibition spaces to foster the engagement of children within family groups with museum objects on display, i.e. where physical contact is prohibited. The main focus is on the influence of digital enhancement on visitors’ engagement with artefacts and not on the digital elements themselves. This study has taken the mixed methods approach. It combines ethnographically- informed field studies with a design intervention within an overarching methodology of action research. In the review of literature, research from multiple fields including museum studies, interaction design and play research was brought together and examined from the perspective of exhibition design. This led to the development of the Social Dream Spaces Model. This model, which describes how visitors engage with museum objects, was used as the basis for a design intervention aimed at enhancing children’s engagement with exhibited artefacts. In-gallery participant observations were carried out in Bantock House Museum, Wolverhampton. Insights, based on data analysed from the perspective of the Social Dream Spaces Model, were used to develop a prototype of a digitally enhanced space, which was implemented into the existing exhibition. Data gathered in observations before and after the design intervention were compared in order to determine any changes in visitors’ responses to the exhibition. This study demonstrates the benefit of using the Social Dream Spaces Model for designing digitally enhanced exhibition spaces that promote children’s engagement with artefacts and social contact around them. The findings also confirm that designing subtle and non- intrusive digital enhancement can facilitate intergenerational interaction in exhibition spaces. 5 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract................................................................................................................................................5 Table of contents ..............................................................................................................................7 List of figures................................................................................................................................... 11 List of tables .................................................................................................................................... 13 Acknowledgments......................................................................................................................... 15 1 Introduction to the research of digitally enhanced exhibition spaces .......... 17 1.1 Children’s experience of museum space - project ‘Reiselogie’......................................18 1.2 Re-establishing the performance of exchange.....................................................................20 1.3 Design perspective ..........................................................................................................................23 1.4 The research question and methodological approach .....................................................24 1.5 Ethical implications.........................................................................................................................26 1.6 The structure of the thesis ...........................................................................................................26 2 Literature review............................................................................................................... 29 2.1 Conventional exhibition practice in the museum...............................................................29 2.2 The museum object.........................................................................................................................34 2.2.1 Evocative objects.....................................................................................................................36 2.2.2 Object-centred sociality........................................................................................................36 2.3 The child as a visitor.......................................................................................................................38 2.3.1 Children’s engagement through play..............................................................................40 2.3.2 Family as a design challenge ..............................................................................................42 2.4 Digital enhancement as a means to engagement................................................................44 2.4.1 Digitally enhanced spaces in the museum context....................................................46 2.4.2 Digitally enhanced spaces from outside museum practice....................................52 2.4.3 Summary: Designing for object-centred social interaction...................................56 2.5 Toward human-object engagement .........................................................................................58 2.5.1 The Symbolic Spaces Model................................................................................................59 2.5.2 Expanding dream space into social interaction..........................................................61 2.5.3 The Social Dream Spaces Model........................................................................................63 2.6 Summary: Designing for engagement .....................................................................................63 7 3 Measuring the inconspicuous........................................................................................65 3.1 Indicators of social dream spaces .............................................................................................65 3.2 The research plan.............................................................................................................................68 3.3 The mixed methods approach ....................................................................................................71 3.3.1 Action research ........................................................................................................................72 3.3.2 Design ethnography ...............................................................................................................74 3.3.3 Summary of methodological approaches......................................................................76 3.4 Data collection tools........................................................................................................................76 3.4.1 Participant observation........................................................................................................77 3.4.2 Notebooks...................................................................................................................................79 3.4.3 Cameras.......................................................................................................................................80 3.4.4 Interviews...................................................................................................................................81 3.4.5 Field notes..................................................................................................................................82 3.4.6 Sampling strategy....................................................................................................................82 3.5 Evaluation and analysis methods..............................................................................................83 3.5.1 Reading data: literally, interpretatively and reflexively. ........................................83 3.5.2 Approaches to sorting and organising data..................................................................84 3.5.3 Summary.....................................................................................................................................87 4 Stage 1: Initial observations...........................................................................................89 4.1 The research venue: Bantock House Museum .....................................................................89 4.2 Results and findings........................................................................................................................97 4.2.1 Time spent
Recommended publications
  • I Know. I Want. I Dream
    I KNOW. I WANT. I DREAM. GIRLS’ INSIGHTS FOR BUILDING A BETTER WORLD GIRL INSIGHTS REPORT The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) 2CV is a research agency that gives people a voice so works to empower women, advance gender equality and they can influence the world around them. 2CV designs fight poverty in the developing world. To accomplish this, research to help change happen; using innovative, immersive ICRW works with partners in the public and private sectors methodologies, and sensitivity for people and cultures, to and civil society to conduct empirical research, build capacity uncover inspiring truths. 2CV works with NGO, public and and advocate for evidence-based practical ways to change private organizations to explore opportunities for change. policies and programs. TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 FOREWORD 9 ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 13 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 16 INTRODUCTION 16 BACKGROUND A The Significance of Adolescence B Now is the Moment: Building Momentum for the Adolescent Girl Development Agenda 19 AMPLIFYING GIRLS’ VOICES: THE GIRL DECLARATION A Technical Working Group B Post-2015 Adolescent Girl Consultations 23 FINDINGS FROM POST-2015 ADOLESCENT GIRL CONSULTATIONS A The Voices of Girls: Key Similarities B The Voices of Girls: Key Differences C Findings by Theme GIRLS’ IDENTITY Legal Identity Social Identity Marriage Implications Of Findings On Girls’ Identity GIRLS’ ENVIRONMENTS Social Support Safety And Security Local Environment Implications Of Findings On Girls’ Environments GIRLS’ ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES Health Girls’ Emotions Education Jobs And Money Implications Of Findings On Girls’ Assets And Opportunities 66 CONCLUSION 68 ENDNOTES GIRL INSIGHTS REPORT FOREWORD | 7 FOREWORD In 2009, ICRW published Girls Speak: A New Voice in Global Development as the fourth report of the Girls Count report series.
    [Show full text]
  • "Ersatz As the Day Is Long": Japanese Popular
    “ERSATZ AS THE DAY IS LONG”: JAPANESE POPULAR MUSIC, THE STRUGGLE FOR AUTHNETICITY, AND COLD WAR ORIENTALISM Robyn P. Perry A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2021 Committee: Walter Grunden, Advisor Jeremy Wallach © 2021 Robyn P. Perry All Rights Reserve iii ABSTRACT Walter Grunden, Advisor During the Allied Occupation of Japan, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) Douglas MacArthur set forth on a mission to Americanize Japan. One way SCAP decided this could be done was by utilizing forms of media that were already popular in Japan, particularly the radio. The Far East Network (FEN), a network of American military radio and television stations in Japan, Okinawa, Guam, and the Philippines, began to broadcast American country & western music. By the early 1950s, Japanese country & western ensembles would begin to form, which initiated the evolution toward modern J-pop. During the first two decades of the Cold War, performers of various postwar subgenres of early Japanese rock (or J-rock), including country & western, rockabilly, kayōkyoku, eleki, and Group Sounds, would attempt to break into markets in the West. While some of these performers floundered, others were able to walk side-by-side with several Western greats or even become stars in their own right, such as when Kyu Sakamoto produced a number one hit in the United States with his “Sukiyaki” in 1963. The way that these Japanese popular music performers were perceived in the West, primarily in the United States, was rooted in centuries of Orientalist preconceptions about Japanese people, Japanese culture, and Japan that had recently been recalibrated to reflect the ethos of the Cold War.
    [Show full text]
  • Grade 11 Unit 1 EA 2 Synthesizing the American Dream Score: Exemplary
    Grade 11 Unit 1 EA 2 Synthesizing the American Dream Score: Exemplary With no knowledge of the English language, my grandfather, Olav Kaldestad, immigrated to The United States with a dream and in search for an opportunity to achieve a successful job and provide an even better future for his family. Coming from a poor childhood in a different country came with struggles. He overcame those hardships and worked hard to provide for his family and sent all three of his children through college and they have achieved their American Dream as well. As proved by my grandfather, there is an American Dream. The American Dream is an idea that America gives the opportunity for anyone to succeed, however success itself is defined by the individual. The accessibility of this idea that was once the pinnacle of living in America is being challenged, but should it be? The American Dream is still accessible because those who strive for their own idea of happiness can achieve it and those who take advantage of the wealth of opportunities available can reach their dream, but because it has changed to be focused on money, for those who wealth alone is the dream, it may not be accessible to all. The American Dream is still accessible because all Americans have a right to have their own idea of happiness and those who strive for it can achieve it. In the Declaration of Independence, it states that all Americans are granted “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” (Declaration of Independence 59). This guarantees that all Americans are free to live their life the way they want to and that includes having their own dream and idea of happiness and are able to pursue it in America.
    [Show full text]
  • Dream Incubator / 4310
    Dream Incubator / 4310 COVERAGE INITIATED ON: 2013.10.29 LAST UPDATE: 2021.07.01 Shared Research Inc. has produced this report by request from the company discussed in the report. The aim is to provide an “owner’s manual” to investors. We at Shared Research Inc. make every effort to provide an accurate, objective, and neutral analysis. In order to highlight any biases, we clearly attribute our data and findings. We will always present opinions from company management as such. Our views are ours where stated. We do not try to convince or influence, only inform. We appreciate your suggestions and feedback. Write to us at [email protected] or find us on Bloomberg. Research Coverage Report by Shared Research Inc. Dream Incubator / 4310 RCoverage LAST UPDATE: 2021.07.01 Research Coverage Report by Shared Research Inc. | www.sharedresearch.jp INDEX How to read a Shared Research report: This report begins with the trends and outlook section, which discusses the company’s most recent earnings. First-time readers should start at the business section later in the report. Executive summary ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Key financial data ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Recent updates ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Highlights
    [Show full text]
  • E-Boys and E-Girls: Constructing and Performing Identity in League of Legends Yelim Lee Wellesley College, [email protected]
    Wellesley College Wellesley College Digital Scholarship and Archive Honors Thesis Collection 2018 E-boys and E-girls: Constructing and Performing Identity in League of Legends Yelim Lee Wellesley College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.wellesley.edu/thesiscollection Recommended Citation Lee, Yelim, "E-boys and E-girls: Constructing and Performing Identity in League of Legends" (2018). Honors Thesis Collection. 540. https://repository.wellesley.edu/thesiscollection/540 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Wellesley College Digital Scholarship and Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of Wellesley College Digital Scholarship and Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 E-boys and E-girls: Constructing and Performing Identity in League of Legends Yelim Lee Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in Anthropology under the advisement of Deborah Matzner April 2018 © 2018 Yelim Lee 2 The Degenerate Game “Video games will get you nowhere, no job, no love,” my mother says, scolding me for playing a game for hours on end during the weekend. There are far more productive activities, she said. I remember her pointing to my violin case (untouched until I am forced to practice) and ‘recreational’ math worksheets. I sit down for work, but I cannot help thinking about the vibrant world that I had just left. Within my games, I would be transported to a kingdom with political intrigue with the threat of betrayal around every corner, a tragic love rivalling the likes of Romeo and Juliet, beautiful desert ruins that I cannot hope to visit except in my fantasies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shifting Narrative of Suburbia and the American Dream Kristen Ann Greteman Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2016 The pursuit of happiness: the shifting narrative of suburbia and the American Dream Kristen Ann Greteman Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons, Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Greteman, Kristen Ann, "The pursuit of happiness: the shifting narrative of suburbia and the American Dream" (2016). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 14983. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14983 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The pursuit of happiness: The shifting narrative of suburbia and the American Dream by Kristen Greteman A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degrees of MASTER OF SCIENCE MASTER OF COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING Majors: Architecture; Community and Regional Planning Program of Study Committee: Nadia Anderson, Co-Major Professor Jane Marie Rongerude, Co-Major Professor Carlton Wade Basmajian Jelena Bogdanovic Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2016 Copyright © Kristen Greteman, 2016. All
    [Show full text]
  • Family Handbook 2018-2019
    FAMILY HANDBOOK 2018-2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. MISSION AND VALUES 3DREAM MISSION 4DREAM HISTORY 4DREAM VISION 4DREAM CORE VALUES 4DREAM LIST 5II. ACADEMICS 5ACADEMIC VISION 6CURRICULUM OVERVIEW 6GRADING SYSTEM 14HOMEWORK 15FAMILY CONFERENCES 20PROMOTION & RETENTION 20SPECIAL EDUCATION AND RELATED SERVICES 22ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL) PROGRAM 25FIELD TRIPS 25HIGH SCHOOL PLACEMENT 27DREAM ALUMNI 27AFTER SCHOOL ENRICHMENT PROGRAM – GRADES K-8 27SUMMER PROGRAM – RISING 1ST – 5TH GRADERS 28SUMMER PROGRAM – RISING 6TH – 8TH GRADERS 28III. SCHOOL CULTURE 28ATTENDANCE POLICY 29SCHOLAR EXPECTATIONS 30DISCIPLINE CODE 31MIDDLE SCHOOL BEHAVIOR SYSTEMS 31UNIFORM POLICY 33COMMUNITY GATHERINGS AND MORNING MEETINGS 37IV. SCHOOL OPERATIONS 38ARRIVAL AND DISMISSAL PROCEDURES FOR PRE-K 39ARRIVAL AND DISMISSAL PROCEDURES FOR ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL 39EARLY DISMISSAL 40BIRTHDAYS 40CELL PHONE/ELECTRONIC DEVICE USAGE 40BREAKFAST, LUNCH AND SNACK PROGRAM 41LUNCH MONEY 41CALENDAR 41TOILETING/CHANGE OF CLOTHES – PRE-K 42CHANGE OF CLOTHES – ELEMENTARY/MIDDLE 2 42COMMUNICATION 42OFFICIAL SCHOOL NOTICES 43EARLY DISMISSAL DURING FIELD TRIPS 43EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION 43EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS 43EXCUSED ABSENCES 43FAMILY EDUCATION RIGHTS AND PRIVACY ACT (FERPA) 44HEALTH 44LIMITED ACCESS POLICY 45LOST AND FOUND 46MCKINNEY-VENTO ACT 46MANDATED REPORTING 46METRO CARDS 46MIDDLE SCHOOL BINDERS POLICY 47MISSING/DAMAGED/UNCLAIMED PERSONAL PROPERTY 47PRE-K NAPTIME 47SCHOLAR RECORDS REQUEST 47SECURITY PROTOCOLS & SCHOOL VISITATION 47SUPERVISION OF CHILDREN
    [Show full text]
  • CJEB Annual Report 2012-2013
    Center on Japanese Economy and Business Center on Japanese Economy and Business ANNUAL REPORT 2012–2013 Table of Contents Letter from the Directors 2 The Rise of Foreign Policy as an Electorally Salient Issue in Japan 40 CJEB Team 4 “Haven” Can Be Hell: Impact of the European Sovereign Leadership and Staff 4 Debt Crisis on the Japanese Economy 40 Core Faculty 6 Should We Be Worried about Japan? 41 Research and Faculty Engagement 9 Global Leadership Challenges for Japanese Companies 41 “Japan’s Abenomics: Recovery Leading to Good Growth?” Postelection Briefing with Professor Gerald Curtis 41 by Hugh Patrick 9 What’s Wrong with Japan? . It’s the Politics! 41 Current Research Highlights 16 Japan’s New Political Landscape 42 Faculty Engagement 18 Japan’s Fiscal Sustainability and Interest Rate Risk in Research Paper Series 19 the JGB Market 42 The Economic-Security Nexus in Northeast Asia 42 The New Global Financial Architecture 25 Samsung and LG: From Also-Rans to Dominance in the Consumer Electronics Industry 42 Events 26 Abenomics: A New Economic Policy Is Turning Conferences 26 Japan Around 42 Inequality, Fragmentation, and Integration in the World Economy 26 Resources 43 The Japan Project Meeting 26 Faculty Advisory Committee 43 2013 Tokyo Conference Special Report 28 Visiting Fellows 44 Symposia 36 Research Associates 45 The Role of Credit Rating Agencies in Japan and the Professional Fellows 46 United States 36 International Advisory Board 47 Shale Gas Revolution and Energy Security 36 Promoting Exchange of Ideas 48 Lectures 37 CJEB
    [Show full text]
  • Download Press Release
    ~The World’s First Official Paralympic Game, The Pegasus Dream Tour~ An “Avatar GALA Party” collaboration event between artists and fans for “Social Good” Japanese acts Tokyo Gegegay, Pikotaro, Virtual DREAMS COME TRUE, and J SOUL BROTHERS III make their musical debut inside Pegasus City in their virtual avatar personas. The Pegasus Dream Tour, the first official video game by the International Paralympic Committee (hereinafter IPC) and developed by JP GAMES Inc. (Main Office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo. CEO: Hajime Tabata) will be the stage for the “Avatar GALA Party,'' a virtual live concert series that will take place inside the video game's setting of “Pegasus City.” Four popular Japanese artists will perform their own uniquely themed concerts in RPG fashion with the intent of impacting the world in a positive way. The first of these four virtual musical events will take place starting Monday, July 19. Artists will come together to promote positivity and social good inside The Pegasus Dream Tour Avatar GALA Party The Avatar GALA Party is a mini live concert series held inside The Pegasus Dream Tour, where artists and fans alike come together in avatar form. The artists will arrive inside the game’s virtual setting of Pegasus City, to promote the cause of social good to fans through their live concert events. Our hope is that Pegasus City can become a new type of concert venue for both artists and fans, who can interact with each other in original ways that only the video game medium can achieve, thereby contributing to further growth for the virtual city.
    [Show full text]
  • An Unfulfilled Dream of an Urban Community School for Girls: a Failed Experiment in Educational Reform
    AN UNFULFILLED DREAM OF AN URBAN COMMUNITY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS: A FAILED EXPERIMENT IN EDUCATIONAL REFORM by Kerri Doyle A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of North Carolina at Charlotte in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Curriculum and Instruction Charlotte 2013 Approved by: ________________________ Dr. Jeanneine Jones ________________________ Dr. Chance Lewis ________________________ Dr. Jae Hoon Lim ________________________ Dr. Janni Sorensen ii ©2013 Kerri Leigh Doyle ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii ABSTRACT KERRI DOYLE. An unfulfilled dream of an urban community school for girls: A failed experiment of educational reform. (Under the direction of DR. JEANNEINE P. JONES) This research presents the qualitative case study of an urban community school initiative that began as an educational reform effort and that ultimately failed. The process of emergence for this school and factors leading to its collapse are described through participant interviews and document analysis. Nationally, policy reformers, practitioners, and the public have been seeking solutions to urban education challenges. With this attention and the appropriation of government funding, a multitude of unique UCS initiatives run under a broad variety of auspices, are emerging. Currently, there is a lack comprehensive regulation and data examining the overall success of community schools. This study explores challenges associated with this type of educational reform. The research findings provide lessons-learned and key components to build upon for successful future initiatives and cautions regarding the actions that led to failure for this UCS. It exemplifies the need for a critical analysis of a community’s social and cultural capital before an initiative emerges.
    [Show full text]
  • Zainichi (Koreans in Japan): Diasporic Nationalism and Postcolonial Identity
    Zainichi (Koreans in Japan): Diasporic Nationalism and Postcolonial Identity John Lie Published in association with University of California Press Description: This book traces the origins and transformations of a people—the Zainichi, migrants from the Korean peninsula to Japan and their descendants. Using a wide range of arguments and evidence—historical and comparative, political and social, literary and pop-cultural—John Lie reveals the social and historical conditions that gave rise to Zainichi identity, while simultaneously demonstrating its complex, fractured, even ephemeral nature. Key to understanding Zainichi ideology are, for Lie, the nationalist yearnings it expressed from a condition of diaspora and discrimination. Lie’s nuanced treatment acknowledges both the tragic and triumphant qualities embedded in this formulation, while resisting the essentialism it implies. Rather, he embraces the vicissitudes of the lived experience of Koreans in Japan, shedding light on the vexing topics of diaspora, migration, identity, and group formation. Author: John Lie is Class of 1959 Professor of Sociology and Dean of International and Area Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. Zainichi (Koreans in Japan) UUC-Lie-revises.inddC-Lie-revises.indd i 88/27/2008/27/2008 11:12:27:12:27 PPMM UUC-Lie-revises.inddC-Lie-revises.indd iiii 88/27/2008/27/2008 11:12:44:12:44 PPMM Zainichi (Koreans in Japan) Diasporic Nationalism and Postcolonial Identity John Lie Global, Area, and International Archive University of California Press Berkeley los Angeles London UUC-Lie-revises.inddC-Lie-revises.indd iiiiii 88/27/2008/27/2008 11:12:45:12:45 PPMM Frontispiece: Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring the Relationship Between Mindfulness in Waking and Lucidity in Dreams
    Exploring the relationship between mindfulness in waking and lucidity in dreams A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Robert L. Rider, M.S. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May, 2012 Mindfulness and Dreaming 2 DEDICATIONS This work is dedicated to my family: To my father, Robert, whose lifetime of hard work gave me the opportunity to pursue my dreams and whose death was the impetus for me to explore them. To my mother, Dolores, whose love has given me the confidence and strength to believe in and love the beauty of my dreams. To my sister, Shannon, whose support has been unwavering, even when dreams turned into nightmares. To my wife, Michel, whose faith, patience, love, and support serves as a living proof that dreams can come true. Finally, to my daughter, Aislin, whose existence is nothing short of the dream of her parents’ love brought to life. Mindfulness and Dreaming 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are due first to Mary Spiers, for her mentorship and commitment to my academic and professional development throughout my graduate career. Appreciation and thanks go to the esteemed members of my committee, James Herbert, Jacqueline Kloss, Stephen LaBerge, and Thomas Swirsky-Sacchetti, for their contribution of knowledge and expertise which helped me to bring this project to fruition. I would also like to express my gratitude to Aaron Block, Erik Donovan, and Jamison Langguth for volunteering their time and effort to help with this study. Mindfulness and Dreaming 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATIONS ............................................................................................................................... 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]