DOCSLIB.ORG

Stratabound Ore Fields. New York (Van Nos- Spread North American Baryte Ore Fields, Though Trand Reinhold), 1989

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stratabound Ore Fields. New York (Van Nos- Spread North American Baryte Ore Fields, Though Trand Reinhold), 1989 676 BOOK REVIEWS chapter. An extensive bibliography (about 300 of its brief span to strontium concentrations and references) and index complete the text. isotope ratios in baryte. Tony Naldrett is the leading world authority After the opening section, the book settles into on magmatic sulfide deposits. This book reflects descriptions of ore fields grouped by mineral com- that fact in being a well-balanced appraisal of our modity and then geography. An excellent chapter current understanding of these ores. In drawing looks at celestine ore fields in several parts of the upon a wealth of experience in all aspects of the world, including the Bristol area of the UK, and study of magmatic sulfides, the author is also able discusses their relationship to evaporite deposi- to offer unique insights and thus create a work tion and diagenesis of carbonates. Then come that goes well beyond being a mere review. It eight chapters dealing chiefly with baryte deposits is also a very well written, illustrated and pro- in different countries and of contrasting genetic duced book that sets the standard for works deal- types. Taken as a group, these are of considerable ing with major classes of ore deposit. It is highly interest for the manner in which contrasting eva- recommended as an essential purchase for Earth poritic, karstic, diagenetic, exhalative and epi- Science libraries, and scientists with a professional genetic ore types are considered. The first two interest in the magmatic sulfides. describe sedimentary and hydrothermal baryte D. J. VAUGHAN (and celestine) from Precambrian to Jurassic age in Argentina and Brazil. They are well set out and of obvious interest to an English-speaking De Brodtkorb, M.K. (editor). Nonmetalliferous readership. Next comes a description of the wide- Stratabound Ore Fields. New York (Van Nos- spread North American baryte ore fields, though trand Reinhold), 1989. xvi + 332 pp. Price excluding those in Arkansas. Here the great range s in genetic type and tectonic environment of baryte deposition is again apparent. The following One of the 'Evolution of Ore Fields Series', this chapter deals specifically with Arkansas, and gives book provides a structured series of fourteen a detailed description of syngenetic baryte chapters contributed by an international group of deposits in relation to sedimentary processes. authors on the subject specifically of stratabound Two chapters on European ore fields follow a deposits of celestine, baryte, magnesite and fluor- similar pattern to those on North America in that ite. It combines descriptive accounts of the differ- one takes a broad geographical view, while the ent ore fields with synthesis of the geological second is specifically about Sardinian ore fields. environments and processes of mineralization Both emphasize contrasting exhalative, unconfor- involved. Within the confines of a single volume, mity-hosted and karstic ores. That on Sardinia the breadth of subject matter has led to compro- also describes recent alluvial and placers deposits, mises resulting in a book that is neither a truly and like that on Arkansas is able to give consider- rounded textbook nor a rigorous set of technical able detail on what is in effect a single broadly descriptions. Nevertheless, the choice of subject defined ore field. The next chapter looks at baryte is novel and has the virtue of bringing together in the Japanese Kuroko-type ore fields, thus turn- diverse aspects of geology which blur the distinc- ing to the high-temperature, volcanogenic, poly- tions between hydrothermal, sedimentary and metallic style of baryte ores. The last chapter of diagenetic processes of mineralization. Similarly, this group returns to Argentina and Spain to dis- it can be said to bridge the conceptual gap cuss sedimentary-diagenetic baryte nodules and between the metalliferous mineral deposits and concretions, and aspects of their trace element those of the so-called 'industrial minerals'. A geochemistry. book which cuts across divisions in the earth sci- The final three chapters comprise one on mag- ences is to be welcomed. nesite ore fields, one on fluorite, and a brief The foreword, by the series editor the late Dr summary which also adds details on areas neg- Wilfred Walker, seeks to set an underlying theme lected in the preceding body of the text. That on of relating mineral deposition to crustal evolution. magnesite returns to the theme of contrasting ori- The two short opening chapters which follow deal gins, here between ores in ultramafic, evaporitic respectively with the use of Sr isotopes as natural and lacustrine settings. The chapter on fluorite tracers and with aspects of Ba geochemistry. That also emphasizes sedimentary and palaeogeo- on isotopes is regrettably brief, and could usefully graphic factors in deposits varying from Cainozoic have incorporated sections on the application of in Italy to Precambrian in the Transvaal. S and O isotopes to genetic interpretations. The Clearly, the book covers a great deal of ground. second says surprisingly little about the crucial Besides filling a gap in the geological literature, question of baryte solubility, while devoting much it successfully brings out the great variety of pro- BOOK REVIEWS 677 cesses which can create these mineral deposits. up-to-date statistics of reserves and production If I have a gripe, it is that if suffers from a slight rates. Particular attention is paid to cases where lack of clarity. The chapters do not possess separ- the ownership of marine mineral resources have ate summaries, and I repeatedly became confused been and still are matters of dispute. both by the amount of descriptive detail and the At s the work is expensive but such is the manner in which genetic sections are mixed in. scholarship and with more than 600 references For instance, I found the section on Cainozoic it should be required reading for all geologists, synsedimentary lacustrine fluorite extremely technologists and indeed administrators con- interesting, but came away without a clear insight cerned with the sea. into the chemistry of its formation. A. J. SMITH Despite its shortcomings, this book will be of value to those interested in gaining a broad under- Hodgson, A. A. (editor). Alternatives to Asbes- standing of mineral deposits, and should find a tos-the Pros and Cons. John Wiley & Sons home on the library shelves. It contains a body (on behalf of the Society of Chemical Industry), of useful information which would otherwise 1989. xiv + 195 pp. Price s remain scattered. However, an uneven, often weighty style and the tendency to mix description The need for a book on alternatives to asbestos with genetic interpretation will hinder its adoption arises from the growing awareness of the serious as a general text. The book is illustrated by numer- health hazards involved with inhalation of its fine ous maps, cross-sections and photographs. There particles and more specifically from the recom- are few obvious typographic errors, although the mendations of the report of the U.K. Health and lists of references contain mis-spellings of some Safety Commission's Advisory Committee on author's names (including my own). Asbestos (1979). Key recommendations from the N. J. FORTEY report involve substitution by other materials as far as practical, weighing advantages and disad- Earney, F. C. F. Marine Mineral Resources. Lon- vantages of asbestos and potential substitutes don and New York (Routledge, Chapman and including their potential health risks, perform- Hall Ltd.), 1990. xxiv + 387 pp., 94 figs. Price ance of the finished product, and the costs asso- s ciated with changing from asbestos to a substitute. The present survey is in three contributed In many ways Fillmore Earney's new book is a chapters: 1. The alternative raw material (60 pp) sequel to his Petroleum and Hard Minerals from by the editor A. A. Hodgson. 2. The feasibility the Sea published in 1980. By comparing them of substitutes (88 pp) by A. Pye, and 3. The health one is able to see charted the developments in aspects (28 pp) by P. E. Elmes. knowledge and technology of the last decade. Chapter 1 encompasses glass fibres, mineral Much more of the recent work is dedicated to wools, synthetic and natural organic fibres, some the implications of the emergence of the Law of specific minerals (mica, vermiculite and other the Sea (UNCLOS III) Convention of 1982. In clays, talc, pyrophyllite and wollastonite), addition to detailed descriptions of the known expanded rhyolite glass (perlite), diatomite, and resources and current technologies for their re- carbon, refractory and metallic fibres. Consider- covery, the author dwells on the new regime, par- ation is given to chemical and physical properties, ticularly the emergence of the Exclusive manufacturing methods, uses, costs and avail- Economic Zone concept which gives coastal and abilities. Asbestos itself is not treated in detail island states powers to regulate the economic but the reader is directed towards other publica- activity within a zone reaching 200 nautical miles tions. seawards from set base lines and thus take Chapter 2 deals with substitution in the six resources from the waters, from the sea bed and major product groups: fibre-reinforced cements, from beneath the sea bed. He further discusses building materials and insulation, friction prod- the role of the International Sea-bed Authority ucts, heat-resisting textiles, reinforced plastics which will regulate sea-bed mining beyond the and packings and jointings. No single material is limits of EEZs. Very properly he reveals the a universally suitable substitute. Almost by defini- impact of the recovery of mineral resources from tion, anything that completely reproduces the the sea on the economies of those states, often desirable properties would also present the un- developing countries, but also including Canada, desirable hazards. However, among the most which are currently the leading producers of viable alternatives are: cellulose fibre reinforced metallic minerals.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,514,290 Swiatkowski Et Al
    United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,514,290 Swiatkowski et al. 45 Date of Patent: Apr. 30, 1985 54 FLOTATION COLLECTOR COMPOSITION 4,206,045 6/1980 Wang et al.......................... 209/166 AND ITS USE 4,358,368 1/1982 Helsten et al........................ 252/61 4,425,229 1/1984 Baronet al. .......................... 252/61 (75) Inventors: Piotr Swiatkowski, Huddinge; Thomas Wiklund, Nacka, both of FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Sweden 1 155072 10/1963 Fed. Rep. of Germany ...... 209/167 73) Assignee: KenoGard AB, Stockholm, Sweden Primary Examiner-Bernard Nozick 21 Appl. No.: 471,006 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Fred Philpitt 22 Filed: Mar. 1, 1983 57 ABSTRACT 30 Foreign Application Priority Data A flotation collector composition comprises a combina tion of fatty acids, amidocarboxylic acids or amidosul Mar. 5, 1982 SE Sweden ................................ 8201363 fonic acids and partial esters of phosphoric acid and 51 Int. Cl. ............................................... BO3D 1/14 alkoxylated alcohols. The collector composition is used 52 U.S. C. ....................................... 209/166; 252/61 for upgrading nonsulfide minerals containing alkaline 58) Field of Search ................... 252/61; 209/166, 167 earth metals by froth flotation. Minerals such as apatite, calcite, scheelite, fluorspar, magnesite and baryte can be 56) References Cited separated from the gangues using the collector compo U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS sition. 2,297,664 9/1942 Tartaron ............................. 209/167 4,139,481 2/1979 Wang et al. ........................... 252A61 13 Claims, No Drawings 4,514,290 1. 2 The amidocarboxylic acids and the amidosulfonic FLOTATION COLLECTOR COMPOSITION AND acids which are used in the present collector combina ITS USE tions can be characterized by the general formula The present invention relates to a flotation collector R-X-(CH2)n-A, wherein x is the group composition comprising fatty acids, amido carboxylic acids or amidosulfonic acids and certain phosphate es R ters.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Scanned
    MTNERALOGTCALSOCIETY (LONDON) A meeting of the Society was held on Thursday, January 11th, 1951,in the apartments of the Geological Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, W. 1 (by kind permis- sion). Exnrsrrs (1) Crystals of analcime and baryte from the trachyte of Traprain Law, East Lothian: by Dr. S. I. Tomkeiefi. (2) The use of a Laspeyres ocular lens in preference to the Berek compensator: by Dr. A. F. Hallimond. (3) Sections and colour photographs of (a) artificial corundum, (b) kyanite-staurolite intergrowth, (c) garnet: by Dr. Francis Jones. Papnns The following papers were read: (1) 'RnrcrmNlecn' AND 'BREZTNA'Leltrr,rln rN METEoRrrrc IRoNS. By Dr. L. J. Spencer Reichenbach lamellae, seen as bands on etched sections, were originally described as enclosed plates of troilite parallel to cube pianes in the kamacite-taenite structure, and Brczina lamellae as schreibersite parallel to the rhombic-dodecahedron. These minerals, and also cohenite, have since been observed in both of these and in other orientations. It has sometimes been assumed that bands at right angles indicate orientation on cube planes, but they may also be due to other orientations. On a section parallel to an octahedral plane it is possible only with lamellae parailel to the rhombic dodecahedron' (2) SnorrunNraRy INSLUSTSNSrN tnn IIvpnnsTHENE-GABBRo, ARDNAItrUR6HAN,ARGYLL- SIIIRE. By Mr. M. K. Wells The hypersthene-gabbro contains an abundance of granular basic hornfels inclusions which have all been interpreted in the past as recrystallized basic igneous rocks. Some of these inclusions, particularly banded ones, are now believed to be sedimentary rocks which have sufiered considerable metasomatism.
    [Show full text]
  • Barite (Barium)
    Barite (Barium) Chapter D of Critical Mineral Resources of the United States—Economic and Environmental Geology and Prospects for Future Supply Professional Paper 1802–D U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Periodic Table of Elements 1A 8A 1 2 hydrogen helium 1.008 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 lithium beryllium boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon 6.94 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 sodium magnesium aluminum silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon 22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 11B 12B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton 39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.64 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.79 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon 85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3 55 56 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 cesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon 132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.5 204.4 207.2 209.0 (209) (210)(222) 87 88 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116
    [Show full text]
  • Barite Baso4 C 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic
    Barite BaSO4 c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: 2/m 2/m 2/m. Commonly in well-formed crystals, to 85 cm, with over 70 forms noted. Thin to thick tabular {001}, {210}, {101}, {011}; also prismatic along [001], [100], or [010], equant. As crested to rosettelike aggregates of tabular individuals, concretionary, fibrous, nodular, stalactitic, may be banded; granular, earthy, massive. Physical Properties: Cleavage: {001}, perfect; {210}, less perfect; {010}, imperfect. Fracture: Uneven. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 3–3.5 D(meas.) = 4.50 D(calc.) = 4.47 May be thermoluminescent, may fluoresce and phosphoresce cream to spectral colors under UV. Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Colorless, white, yellow, brown, gray, pale shades of red, green, blue, may be zoned, or change color on exposure to light; colorless or faintly tinted in transmitted light. Streak: White. Luster: Vitreous to resinous, may be pearly. Optical Class: Biaxial (+). Pleochroism: Weak. Orientation: X = c; Y = b; Z = a. Dispersion: r> v,weak. Absorption: Z > Y > X. α = 1.636 β = 1.637 γ = 1.648 2V(meas.) = 36◦–40◦ Cell Data: Space Group: P nma. a = 8.884(2) b = 5.457(3) c = 7.157(2) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Synthetic. 3.445 (100), 3.103 (95), 2.121 (80), 2.106 (75), 3.319 (70), 3.899 (50), 2.836 (50) Chemistry: (1) (2) SO3 34.21 34.30 CaO 0.05 BaO 65.35 65.70 Total 99.61 100.00 (1) Sv´arov, Czech Republic. (2) BaSO4. Polymorphism & Series: Forms a series with celestine.
    [Show full text]
  • Moles & Chapman SGA2019 Abstract
    Neoproterozoic microbial processes in chemical sediment diagenesis: evidence from the Aberfeldy barite deposits Moles, Norman R. School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, UK. Email: [email protected] Boyce, Adrian J. Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow, UK Abstract. Microbial- and diffusion-controlled diagenetic 2.1 Barite deposition and diagenetic alteration processes were significant in the formation of sulfide-, sulfate- and carbonate-rich stratiform mineralization In modern ocean sediments, barite is not prone to hosted by Neoproterozoic graphitic metasediments near diagenetic alteration after burial where oxic conditions Aberfeldy in Perthshire, Scotland. In 1-10m thick beds of prevail, but is soluble under reducing conditions barite rock, barite δ34S of +36 ±1.5 ‰ represents the especially in the presence of sulfate-reducing microbes isotopic composition of contemporaneous seawater and organic matter (e.g. Clark et al., 2004). Porewater sulfate. Pronounced vertical variations in δ34S (+30 to +41 sulfate reduction is ubiquitous in organic-rich sediments ‰) and δ18O (+8 to +21 ‰) occur on a decimetre-scale at containing barite (e.g. Torres et al., 1996). bed margins. These excursions are attributed to early Some studies of sedimentary exhalative (sedex) barite diagenetic alteration, while the barite sediment was fine- deposits have proposed that barite precipitation occurred grained and porous, due to pulsed infiltration of in the water column with finely crystalline barite deposited isotopically diverse porefluids into the marginal barite. on the seabed (e.g. Lyons et al., 2006). However, in a Fluid-mediated transfer of barium and sulfate into study of non-hydrothermal sediment-hosted stratiform adjacent sediments contributed to barium enrichment and barite deposits worldwide, Johnson et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hydrothermal Alteration of Carbonatite in the Fen Complex, Norway: Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Implications for Rare-Earth Element Resource Formation
    Mineralogical Magazine, May 2018, Vol. 82(S1), pp. S115–S131 The hydrothermal alteration of carbonatite in the Fen Complex, Norway: mineralogy, geochemistry, and implications for rare-earth element resource formation * C. MARIEN ,A.H.DIJKSTRA AND C. WILKINS School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Fitzroy Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK [Received 3 March 2017; Accepted 5 September 2017; Associate Editor: Nigel Cook] ABSTRACT The Fen Complex in Norway consists of a ∼583 Ma composite carbonatite-ijolite-pyroxenite diatreme intrusion. Locally, high grades (up to 1.6 wt.% total REE) of rare-earth elements (REE) are found in a hydrothermally altered, hematite-rich carbonatite known as rødbergite. The progressive transformation of primary igneous carbonatite to rødbergite was studied here using scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry trace-element analysis of 23 bulk samples taken along a key geological transect. A primary mineral assemblage of calcite, dolomite, apatite, pyrite, magnetite and columbite with accessory quartz, baryte, pyrochlore, fluorite and REE fluorocarbonates was found to have transformed progressively into a secondary assemblage of dolomite, Fe-dolomite, baryte, Ba-bearing phlogopite, hematite with accessory apatite, calcite, monazite-(Ce) and quartz. Textural evidence is presented for REE fluorocarbonates and apatite breaking down in igneous carbonatite, and monazite-(Ce) precipitating in rødbergite. The importance of micro-veins, interpreted as feeder fractures, containing secondary monazite and allanite, is highlighted. Textural evidence for included relics of primary apatite-rich carbonatite are also presented. These acted as a trap for monazite-(Ce) precipitation, a mechanism predicted by physical-chemical experiments. The transformation of carbonatite to rødbergite is accompanied by a 10- fold increase in REE concentrations.
    [Show full text]
  • Topographical Index
    997 TOPOGRAPHICAL INDEX EUROPE Penberthy Croft, St. Hilary: carminite, beudantite, 431 Iceland (fsland) Pengenna (Trewethen) mine, St. Kew: Bondolfur, East Iceland: pitchsbone, beudantite, carminite, mimetite, sco- oligoclase, 587 rodite, 432 Sellatur, East Iceland: pitchs~one, anor- Redruth: danalite, 921 thoclase, 587 Roscommon Cliff, St. Just-in-Peuwith: Skruthur, East Iceland: pitchstonc, stokesite, 433 anorthoclase, 587 St. Day: cornubite, 1 Thingmuli, East Iceland: andesine, 587 Treburland mine, Altarnun: genthelvite, molybdenite, 921 Faroes (F~eroerne) Treore mine, St. Teath: beudantite, carminite, jamesonite, mimetite, sco- Erionite, chabazite, 343 rodite, stibnite, 431 Tretoil mine, Lanivet: danalite, garnet, Norway (Norge) ilvaite, 921 Gryting, Risor: fergusonite (var. risSrite), Wheal Betsy, Tremore, Lanivet: he]vine, 392 scheelite, 921 Helle, Arendal: fergusonite, 392 Wheal Carpenter, Gwinear: beudantite, Nedends: fergusonite, 392 bayldonite, carminite, 431 ; cornubite, Rullandsdalen, Risor: fergusonite, 392 cornwallite, 1 Wheal Clinton, Mylor, Falmouth: danal- British Isles ire, 921 Wheal Cock, St. Just-in- Penwith : apatite, E~GLA~D i~D WALES bertrandite, herderite, helvine, phena- Adamite, hiibnerite, xliv kite, scheelite, 921 Billingham anhydrite mine, Durham: Wheal Ding (part of Bodmin Wheal aph~hitalite(?), arsenopyrite(?), ep- Mary): blende, he]vine, scheelite, 921 somite, ferric sulphate(?), gypsum, Wheal Gorland, Gwennap: cornubite, l; halite, ilsemannite(?), lepidocrocite, beudantite, carminite, zeunerite, 430 molybdenite(?),
    [Show full text]
  • Sphalerite Composition in Relation to Deposition and Metamorphism of the Foss Stratiform Ba-Zn-Pb Deposit, Aberfeldy, Scotland
    MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, DECEMBER 1983, VOL. 47, PP. 487-500 Sphalerite composition in relation to deposition and metamorphism of the Foss stratiform Ba-Zn-Pb deposit, Aberfeldy, Scotland NORMAN R. MOLES Grant Institute of Geology, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW ABSTRACT. Sphalerite is a common constituent of the deposit, which is the westerly of the two major mineralized rocks and host metasediments of the Foss deposits at Aberfeldy, in both of which sphalerite is baryte-base metal deposit, located near Aberfeldy in widespread and locally abundant. the central Scottish Highlands. Microprobe analyses of sphalerite show a wide range in minor element content (0-17 mol. ~o FeS, 0-3 mol. ~o MnS), and sphalerites of contrasting composition are often found in the same rock. N 4~ _ ~==~S ~ This suggests that equilibrium domains in some rocks ~--'~-t-.---..~t ~o ~ ~ ~ --~-ff -- .~1(..~.""~'-- Pitloch ry were minute (< 1 ram), during regional metamorphism. -1- Pressures derived from the selective application of the / E,o,e. sphalerite geobarometer are consistent with other minera- _L~a%~ Forroclon ~ 56040 , f logical evidence of peak metamorphic pressures in the I Jlf HIIF toch range 7-10 kbar, at 540-580 ~ However, there is FOSS jrandt u ily~-~ considerable evidence of partial retrograde re-equilibration DEPOSIT of sphalerite, by continued buffering with pyrite+ pyrrhotine and by outward diffusion of iron. Marginal "~- loY 0 Miles 3 depletion of Fe and Mn in sphalerite within coarse carbonate rocks is attributed to partitioning reactions following recrystallization. Sphalerite which has retained FIG. l. Map of the central Scottish Highlands showing its pre-metamorphic composition shows systematic varia- location of the Aberfeldy deposits.
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of the Constituents and Suitability of Azara Barytes for Industrial Applications
    Chemsearch Journal 1(1): 1 - 3 Received: October, 2009 Accepted: May, 2010 Publication of Chemical Society of Nigeria, Kano Chapter DETERMINATION OF THE CONSTITUENTS AND SUITABILITY OF AZARA BARYTES FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS Abdullahi, Y. and Lawal, A.O. Department of Applied Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna ABSTRACT Azara baryte was analyzed and had an average specific gravity of 4.3g/cm3 and loss on ignition of 1.71wt%. Atomic Absorption spectrometery was used to determine the Fe2O3,Al2O3 and BaO contents. SiO2 and SO3 were determined by gravimetry while CaO, MgO, Na2O and K2O were determined by flame photometry. The percentage average values for the chemical oxides in the baryte samples were BaO (57.29wt%), SO3(25.99wt%), CaO(1.40wt%), MgO(0.40wt%), Fe2O3(3.46wt%), Al2O3(0.97wt%), Na2O(2.82wt%), K2O(0.30wt%) and SiO2(6.23wt%). These results indicate that Azara baryte lies within the range for use in glass production and as a filler or extender in paint and rubber production, but will require further beneficiation in order to be a suitable component of oil drill mud. Keywords: Azara Baryte, Specific gravity, Gravimetery, Atomic Absorption Spectrometery. Flame photometry. INTRODUCTION found in Lefin in Cross River State and Ibi and Dungel Baryte (heavy spar) is the naturally occurring mineral in Taraba State. Smith (1978) estimated that the of barium sulphate (BaSO4). Baryte is soft with clear Azara baryte deposit has a proven reserve of about white colour, but can vary with the presence of 731,000 tonnes with about 71,000 tonnes of good impurities (such as iron oxides , hydroxides, sulphides quality barytes.
    [Show full text]
  • Unusual Mineral Diversity in a Hydrothermal Vein-Type Deposit: the Clara Mine, Sw Germany, As a Type Example
    427 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 57, pp. 427-456 (2019) DOI: 10.3749/canmin.1900003 UNUSUAL MINERAL DIVERSITY IN A HYDROTHERMAL VEIN-TYPE DEPOSIT: THE CLARA MINE, SW GERMANY, AS A TYPE EXAMPLE § GREGOR MARKL Universitat¨ Tubingen,¨ Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Wilhelmstraße 56, D-72074 Tubingen,¨ Germany MAXIMILIAN F. KEIM Technische Universitat¨ Munchen,¨ Munich School of Engineering, Lichtenbergstraße 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany RICHARD BAYERL Ludwigstrasse 8, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany ABSTRACT The Clara baryte-fluorite-(Ag-Cu) mine exploits a polyphase, mainly Jurassic to Cretaceous, hydrothermal unconformity vein-type deposit in the Schwarzwald, SW Germany. It is the type locality for 13 minerals, and more than 400 different mineral species have been described from this occurrence, making it one of the top five localities for mineral diversity on Earth. The unusual mineral diversity is mainly related to the large number and diversity of secondary, supergene, and low- temperature hydrothermal phases formed from nine different primary ore-gangue associations observed over the last 40 years; these are: chert/quartz-hematite-pyrite-ferberite-scheelite with secondary W-bearing phases; fluorite-arsenide-selenide-uraninite- pyrite with secondary selenides and U-bearing phases (arsenates, oxides, vanadates, sulfates, and others); fluorite-sellaite with secondary Sr- and Mg-bearing phases; baryte-tennantite/tetrahedrite ss-chalcopyrite with secondary Cu arsenates, carbonates, and sulfates; baryte-tennantite/tetrahedrite ss-polybasite/pearceite-chalcopyrite, occasionally accompanied by Ag6Bi6Pb-bearing sulfides with secondary Sb oxides, Cu arsenates, carbonates, and sulfates; baryte-chalcopyrite with secondary Fe- and Cu- phosphates; baryte-pyrite-marcasite-chalcopyrite with secondary Fe- and Cu-sulfates; quartz-galena-gersdorffite-matildite with secondary Pb-, Bi-, Co-, and Ni-bearing phases; and siderite-dolomite-calcite-gypsum/anhydrite-quartz associations.
    [Show full text]
  • Magmatic Arc and Associated Gold, Copper, Silver, and Barite Deposits in the State of Goiás, Central Brazil: Characteristics and Speculations
    Revista Brasileira de Geociências 30(2):285-288, junho de 2000 MAGMATIC ARC AND ASSOCIATED GOLD, COPPER, SILVER, AND BARITE DEPOSITS IN THE STATE OF GOIÁS, CENTRAL BRAZIL: CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECULATIONS RAUL MINAS KUYUMJIAN1 ABSTRACT In the western portion of the State of Goiás, Central Brazil, base-metal deposits typical of volcanic-plutonic arcs occur. Up- to-date studies suggest that porphyry Cu-Au, (volcanogenic ?) hydrothermal exhalative Cu-Au and stratiform, submarine exhalative Au-Ag-Ba are present. Although restricted, the present state of knowledge on the geology and mineralizations of the magmatic arc indicates potential resources for metallic mineral deposits in the Brasília Belt. Keywords: mineral deposits, magmatic arc, Goiás, Central Brazil. INTRODUCTION The Magmatic Arc of western Goiás is located during the Brasiliano orogeny, and is associated with recumbent within the Brasilia Belt, a complex fold-and thrust belt of more than isoclinal, open and normal folds. Younger crosscutting foliations one episode of deformation during the Brasiliano orogeny, in the cen- generate crenulations. Shear zones display NS, N100-200W and N200- tral part of the Tocantins Province. The Tocantins Province is a large 400Ed trends. Brasiliano deformation places the Mara Rosa volcanic- Neoproterozoic orogen in Central Brazil (Richardson et al. 1988, sedimentary sequence in the hangingwall of the Rio dos Bois thrust Pimentel et al. 1997, 1998). The magmatic arc is prevalently formed fault, whose footwall consists of Paleoproterozoic Santa Terezinha by Neoproterozoic island-arc terranes consisting of tonalitic to volcanic-sedimentary sequence that occurs to the east (Kuyumjian granodioritic orthogneisses, volcanic-sedimentary associations and 1995). This fault has a dextral oblique and reverse sense of shear late- to post-orogenic intrusions of granites and gabbros.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the Occurrence and Structural Controls of Baryte Resources of Nigeria
    JOURNAL OF DEGRADED AND MINING LANDS MANAGEMENT ISSN: 2339-076X (p); 2502-2458 (e), Volume 5, Number 3 (April 2018): 1207-1216 DOI:10.15243/jdmlm.2018.053.1207 Review Review of the occurrence and structural controls of Baryte resources of Nigeria N.A. Labe1*, P.O. Ogunleye2, A.A. Ibrahim3, T. Fajulugbe3, S.T. Gbadema4 1 Department of Geology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria 2 Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 3 Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 4 Department of Geography, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria *corresponding author: [email protected] Received 13 January 2018, Accepted 17 March 2018 Abstract: Baryte occurrences in Nigeria are spread across the Cretaceous Benue Trough which comprises of carbonaceous shales, limestone, siltstones, sandstones as well as in the northeastern, northwestern and southeastern parts of the Precambrian Basement Complex comprising of metasediments and granitoids. The mineralization is structurally controlled by NW-SE, N-S and NE-SW fractures. The common mode of occurrence for these barytes is the vein and cavity deposits type usually associated with galena, sphalerite, copper sulphide, fluorite, quartz, iron oxide as gangue minerals. Principal areas of baryte occurrences in Nigeria include Nassarawa, Plateau, Taraba, Benue, Adamawa, Cross River, Gombe, Ebonyi, and Zamfara. A large part of the vast baryte resources in Nigeria is still underexploited and further exploration work is needed to boost its exploitation. The inferred resource and proven reserve of baryte is put at over 21,000,000 and about 11,000,000 metric tons respectively. The economic evaluation of these barytes is viable having low (SG = < 3.5) to high (SG = 5.3) grades.
    [Show full text]