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Voir Construit Des Maquettes 2004 #9 - Novembre 2015 Sur une idée d’Eric Touchaleaume Auguste Salzmann, Murs du temple de Jérusalem. Détail de la Piscine Probatique, 1854 Calotype monté sur carton, 22,3 x 32,1 cm TROIS PHOTOGRAPHES, TROIS ÉPOQUES, TROIS VISIONS Auguste Salzmann à Jérusalem en 1854. Un siècle plus tard, priorité au rendu des volumes, des matières, de la lumière. Lucien Hervé à l’Abbaye du Thoronet, à la Cité Radieuse de A différents degrés d’engagement, l’on est en présence de Le Corbusier ou face à des murs anonymes de faubourgs démarches plasticiennes pures dépassant le cadre formel de parisiens. De nos jours, James Casebere et ses mises la photographie et de l’architecture. en scène théâtrales au moyen de maquettes d’espaces architecturaux imaginaires. L’histoire est en perpétuel recommencement, illustrée à travers ces trois personnalités. Des prémices de l’abstraction Au-delà de leurs spécificités propres, leurs œuvres témoignent vers 1850, à son triomphe au milieu du XXe siècle, l’on assiste des préoccupations communes : images dépouillées parfois aujourd’hui au retour d’une certaine forme de « romantisme jusqu’à l’extrême, absence de pittoresque, cadrages serrés, dépouillé ». 2 RUE DES BEAUX ARTS - 75006 PARIS 19 RUE MAZARINE 75006 PARIS www.galerie-leminotaure.com www.alainlegaillard.com Du minimalisme Dans la PH OTOGRaPHie D’aRcHiTecTuRe AUGUSTE SALZMANN En attendant d’hypothétiques redécou- piètre valeur documentaire de vues telles LASZLO ELKÀN exposition accompagnée d’un intéressant Né en Alsace, 1824-1872 vertes, nous ne pouvons préjuger de que Inscription tumulaire grecque ou Détail DIT LUCIEN HERVÉ catalogue, aujourd’hui recherché par les l’originalité de la peinture de Salzmann, de l’appareil de la Piscine probatique ? En Né en Hongrie en 1910. collectionneurs, qui montre ses photos Il est également peintre comme son ami bien que les descriptions séduisantes revanche, quelle émotion dans ces images Vit et travaille à Paris abstraites de murs lépreux, d’affiches Eugène Fromentin, avec qui il voyage en du critique Charles Goutzwiller1, pleines de mystère, quelle audace dans déchirées, de tas de planches ou de chutes Algérie en 1847. Cet épisode biographique pourraient parfaitement s’appliquer à ces gros plans, quelle sensibilité dans le Après des tranches de vie déjà bien remplies de métal… en établissant des relations n’est pas anodin. Un petit tableau de notre toile de Fromentin. Il est tout à fait rendu du grain de la pierre, de l’ombre des comme sportif de haut niveau (lutte gréco- esthétiques avec des œuvres de Mondrian, Fromentin intitulé Laghouat 20 juin 9h00, probable que les deux amis aient mené fissures, des herbes folles… romaine, équipe de France de volley ball en Dubuffet, Tal Coat, Kandinsky, Kupka, de représentant une dune jaune, couronnée des recherches picturales parallèles. Plusieurs photographes de la période 1934) ; styliste de mode pour Patou, Chanel, Staël, Le Corbusier, Calder. de quelques pans de murs se détachant Dans le domaine de la photographie, il primitive ont effectué des travaux Lanvin… ; peintre ; reporter photographe ; Des citations d’auteurs célèbres de sur un ciel bleu vif, qui surprend par sa ira beaucoup plus loin que le stade de la similaires à la même époque, en Egypte résistant sous le pseudonyme Lucien Hervé l’Antiquité à notre époque (Hervé a une modernité avant l’heure. L’on y retrouve les recherche, anticipant dans ses images particulièrement. Louis de Clerq, repassera qu’il conservera ; il se consacre entièrement passion pour les citations) préfacent le mêmes caractéristiques que dans certaines les plus radicales, les préoccupations dans les pas de Salzmann en 1859. à la photographie vers 1947. Résolument catalogue. Hervé conclut : « Le tissu photographies de Salzmann : cadrage des avant-gardes du siècle suivant. Son Aucun n’atteindra le niveau d’inspiration de tourné vers la modernité, dès ces débuts de pensées qui précède, emprunté à audacieux et synthétisation du sujet réduit œuvre, à l’instar de celles de nombreux Salzmann à Jérusalem. son œuvre s’inscrit dans la lignée des avant- des auteurs forts différents, exprime ma à l’essentiel, pour ne pas dire l’absence artistes méconnus, atteste de la continuité Son Jérusalem, qu’il publiera à compte gardes de l’entre-deux-guerres : Germaine conception sur la beauté de l’insignifiant du sujet. L’image tend vers l’abstraction, de l’histoire de l’art. Les mouvements de d’auteur, sans grand succès commercial, Krull, Moholy-Nagy et autres disciples de et ses rapports avec la naissance de l’art sublime le « presque rien ». rupture retenus par les historiens arrivent continue son chef-d’œuvre et prend place Bauhaus. contemporain. » parmi les incunables de l’histoire de la Son inspiration, il la recherche dans la photographie et de l’histoire de l’art en peinture expressionniste et constructiviste, JAMES CASEBERE général. les films russes d’avant-guerre, ceux Né dans le Michigan en 1953. Salzmann retournera en 1863 à Jérusalem d’Eisenstein en particulier, ainsi qu’au Vit et travaille à New York où il exécutera encore quelques photos cinéma expressionniste allemand de Fritz qui n’ont pas la force des précédentes, Lang ou Georg Wilhelm Pabst. « Je cherche dans les expérimentations puis il abandonnera définitivement la En décembre 1949, il se rend de sa propre archaïques de la lumière, du mouvement photographie. Sa carrière de photographe initiative à Marseille pour photographier ou du rituel, les fondements même du n’aura réellement duré qu’une année. le chantier de l’Unité d’habitation de Le modernisme. La globalisation en archi- Notre choix s’est porté sur les photographies Corbusier. « Monsieur, vous avez une tecture est une force d’homogénéisation les plus audacieuses parmi les 174 planches âme d’architecte », lui dit Le Corbusier à particulièrement aliénante. Nous pouvons que compte l’album complet. la réception des 650 clichés du bâtiment. résister en identifiant les valeurs Cet ensemble de photographies d’une Commence alors une intense collaboration Lucien Hervé positives dans le fondement des qualité de tirage exceptionnelle provient avec l’architecte qui lui commandera des Le Thoronet. L’arche du cloître au lever du soleil, c.1951 traditions locales. J’aime que la culture Tirage gélatino-argentique d’époque, 20,6 x 10,8 cm d’un portfolio proposé dans son intégralité reportages sur toutes ses réalisations. soit hybride », James Casebere. lors d’une vente à l’Hôtel Drouot en mai Parallèlement, il travaille pour les plus grands Après avoir construit des maquettes 2004. La tonalité des tirages tend vers le d’espaces architecturaux anonymes : architectes internationaux et français : Alvar toute œuvre d’art d’ailleurs…4 » noir avec un rendu bien contrasté. tunnels, cellules monacales, couloirs... Aalto, Marcel Breuer, Georges Candilis, A la question de Le Corbusier : Nous avons complété cette sélection de vides ou parfois envahis par les eaux, Michel Ecochard, Richard Neutra, Oscar « Comment avez-vous commencé dans la planches issues d’un portfolio incomplet. Casebere les photographie avec soin Niemeyer, Henri Pingusson, Kenzo Tange, photographie ? », il répond : « Avec des La tonalité des tirages de cet album tirant accordant une place prépondérante aux Bernard Zehrfuss… et pour ses amis : ciseaux ! » vers le brun sépia et leur définition plus éclairages dramatiques. Charlotte Perriand, Jean Prouvé et Pierre Hervé n’est pas très soucieux de la qualité vaporeuse renforce l’atmosphère singulière Ces espaces clos tiennent davantage Jeanneret à Chandigarh. technique de ses tirages photographiques, et énigmatique de la ville morte. du décor théâtral que de l’architecture. Dans ces années difficiles de la qu’il développera longtemps lui-même. Ce « … Il serait plus juste de parler de la variété Casebere est un littéraire qui puise son reconstruction en Europe, ce globe-trotter que lui reprochera parfois Le Corbusier. Pour des tonalités qui se répète, identique à inspiration dans le cinéma fantastique et infatigable travaille avec les moyens du lui, l’essentiel est ailleurs. Il conserve tout. l’intérieur de chaque série ; certains expressionniste – autre point commun avec Auguste Salzmann bord, armé de son seul Rolleiflex 6X6, sans Il affectionne les contrastes, ces images Jérusalem. Vallée de Hinnom. La Retraite des Apôtres, 1854 tirages tirent sur le noir, ce qui est Hervé – ainsi que dans les images de ses cellule. Hervé précise : « mon appareil étranges, éblouissantes de la lumière Calotype monté sur carton, 22,86 x 33,02 cm typique des ateliers de Blanquart- illustres prédécesseurs dont Nadar et ses m’a naturellement poussé à inventer une blanche ou ces ambiances nocturnes Evrard en principe ; mais les tonalités vues des égouts de Paris. nouvelle façon de regarder l’architecture qui le fascinent. L’une de ces photos que peuvent aller du gris ou du brun violacé Au même titre qu’Andréas Gursky, dont […]. J’ai souvent utilisé le cardage nous exposons représente la terrasse de sur un terrain favorable, sondé par des au brun chaud ; on observe même des certains paysages linéaires évoquent Ces prémices de la modernité ne sont oblique, la plongée et la contre-plongée, la Cité Radieuse de Marseille cernée par précurseurs isolés en décalage avec leur tirages mordorés, très inhabituels chez irrésistiblement Caspar David Friedrich, pas fortuites, mais témoignent, au pour éviter de me soumettre aux lois les montagnes à l’horizon, le tout baignant époque. Blanquart-Evrard…2 » Casebere renoue avec une certaine vision contraire, d’une volonté précise de la optiques. Pris frontalement, sans dans une pénombre irréelle, striée d’étoiles Salzmann effectue, lors de son séjour à Manifestement, Salzmann a intentionnel- romantique. part de ces artistes de sortir des voies déformation, un bâtiment sera peut- filantes qui sont en réalité des rayures de Jérusalem en 1854, une mission de réper- lement employé différentes tonalités lors académiques et d’oser explorer des être ressemblant, mais est-ce là le rôle poussières sur le film.
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