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Bulletin De Liaison Et D'information INSTITUT KUDE RPARD IS E Bulletin de liaison et d’information N°367 OCTOBRE 2015 La publication de ce Bulletin bénéficie de subventions du Ministère français des Affaires étrangères (DGCID) et du Fonds d’action et de soutien pour l’intégration et la lutte contre les discriminations (FASILD) ————— Ce bulletin paraît en français et anglais Prix au numéro : France: 6 € — Etranger : 7,5 € Abonnement annuel (12 numéros) France : 60 € — Etranger : 75 € Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Numéro de la Commission Paritaire : 659 13 A.S. ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01- 48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01- 48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: [email protected] Bulletin de liaison et d’information de l’Institut kurde de Paris N° 367 octobre 2015 • ANKARA : 128 MORTS LORS D’UN RASSEMBLEMENT POUR LA PAIX • TURQUIE : APRÈS LES JOURNALISTES, LES AVOCATS SUR LA SELLETTE • ROJAVA : CHANGEMENT IMPORTANT DE CONTEXTE POLITIQUE ET MILITAIRE EN SYRIE • KURDISTAN D’IRAK : CRISE POLITIQUE APRÈS LA MORT DE MANIFESTANTS ET DE CADRES DU PDK ANKARA : 128 MORTS LORS D’UN RASSEMBLEMENT POUR LA PAIX e samedi 10 octobre, la Cette terrible attaque terroriste Après des années où les relations Turquie a été victime de s’est produite dans un climat déjà politiques semblaient s’être L l’attentat terroriste le plus très tendu et marqué par la vio - quelque peu apaisées, la violence meurtrier de son histoire. lence, et en particulier la violence extrême exercée dans l’impunité Deux kamikazes se sont sans précédent récent exercée par contre ceux considérés comme des fait exploser au milieu d’une mani - les forces de l’ordre et les suppor - ennemis de l’Etat semble donc festation pour la paix organisée par ters du gouvernement. Le 7 du redevenir la norme en Turquie. plusieurs syndicats et organisa - mois, le corps d’un jeune activiste Depuis leur défaite aux élections tions de gauche et le parti pro- kurde, Haci Lokman Birlik, avait de juin, les dirigeants AKP du pays kurde HDP devant la gare princi - été accroché au pare-choc d’une n’ont d’ailleurs eu de cesse de dési - pale d’Ankara. Au moins 128 per - voiture de police pour être traîné gner dans leurs déclarations sonnes ont été tuées, et 246 bles - dans les rues de Sirnak. Ceci rap - publiques les ennemis contre les - sées, dont 48 très gravement. Le pelait de manière sinistre le mois quels il convenait de lutter. Ainsi lendemain des explosions, 160 per - d’août dernier, quand des soldats du long discours prononcé par le sonnes se trouvaient encore à l’hô - avaient posté sur les réseaux président Erdoğan le dimanche 4 pital, dont 65 en soins intensifs. Les sociaux des photos où ils posaient octobre au cours de son meeting victimes sont principalement des devant le cadavre dénudé d’une électoral au Zénith de Strasbourg, opposants à l’AKP, Kurdes ou pro - combattante du PKK qui avait devant 12 000 Turcs de la diaspora. gressistes. subi le même sort… Précédé d’une prière collective • 2 • Bulletin de liaison et d’information n° 367 • octobre 2015 dirigée par un imam venu de vices de renseignements, soit leur d’ajouter : « Il n’y a pas de puissan - Turquie, ce meeting, baptisé œuvre. » ce mystérieuse derrière cet attentat, « Rencontre citoyenne contre le ter - ils nous envoient plutôt un messa - rorisme », a donné lieu à un dis - Qui se trouve donc derrière cet ge: « Nous pouvons vous tuer en cours très offensif du Chef de attentat ? La question se pose d’au - plein jour, en plein centre l’Etat, truffé à la fois de références tant plus qu’hélas, depuis plu - d’Ankara, nous pouvons tuer qui - islamiques et de propos exaltant la sieurs mois, les attaques de ce type conque se lève contre nous, et nation turque. Erdoğan y a désigné se sont multipliées en Turquie : à camoufler cette opération ». clairement l’ennemi : non pas Diyarbakir en juin dernier, juste Daech, dont il n’a pas prononcé le avant les élections, un meeting Bénéfice politique immédiat de nom une seule fois, mais le PKK, et électoral du HDP avait été victime l’attentat pour le gouvernement, le – à mots couverts – le HDP. de deux bombes qui avaient fait HDP, pour éviter d’autres tueries, quatre morts et des centaines de a décidé d’annuler tous ses mee - Et de fait, juste après l’annonce de blessés. En juillet, c’était à Suruç, tings électoraux, ainsi contraint l’attentat d’Ankara, le premier près de la frontière syrienne, qu’un d’aborder les élections dans une ministre Davutoğlu, loin de se attentat suicide avait tué 35 mili - situation défavorable, dans une poser la question de la responsabi - tants de gauche et pro-kurdes ambiance de menace et non plus de lité de l’Etat dans un attentat surve - venus pour participer à la recons - joie… Cela rappelle tristement les nu au cœur même d’une capitale truction de Kobanê. Les victimes années 90, lorsque les permanences réputée zone la plus sécurisée du sont toujours à chercher chez les des candidats du parti pro-kurde pays, a rejeté en partie cette respon - Kurdes où ceux qui leur sont étaient systématiquement atta - sabilité… sur les organisateurs ! En proches, et les modes opératoires quées avant les élections. Et alors fait, comme le note Le Monde du apparaissent toujours proches que le HDP se trouvait ainsi empê - 13 octobre, « Le Gouvernement a sinon semblables : dans les deux ché de fait de faire campagne, réagi en accusant les victimes, en derniers cas, on a retrouvé sur les l’AKP avait quant à lui systémati - interdisant aux médias de couvrir lieux des billes de métal, ajoutées quement fait fermer ou pris le l’attentat et en bloquant l’accès aux aux explosifs pour en augmenter contrôle des médias qui ne lui réseaux sociaux, notamment l’impact. étaient pas entièrement favorables. Facebook et Twitter ». Aucune cérémonie officielle rendant hom - Pas plus qu’elle n’avait revendiqué M. Erdoğan serait-il en train de mage aux victimes n’a été organi - l’attentat de Suruç, l’organisation réussir sa « synthèse islamo-natio - sée. djihadiste Daech n’a revendiqué naliste » en ajoutant à l’Etat pro - celui d’Ankara – alors qu’elle a tou - fond (derin devlet), alliance tradi - On ne peut s’empêcher de se poser jours revendiqué les attentats tionnelle entre la police, les services la question : comment un Etat dis - qu’elle avait commis au Kurdistan secrets et la pègre, un quatrième posant de services secrets aussi de Syrie, en Irak ou ailleurs. Les partenaire, les djihadistes ? Dans efficaces que la Turquie a-t-il pu membres de la communauté kurde les années 90, l’Etat turc avait su laisser un tel attentat se produire à remarquent que, quand ils sont utiliser pour ses basses besognes Ankara ? La manifestation avait été visés, personne n’est jamais retrou - les islamistes du Hezbollah kurde, dûment autorisée, mais la police vé ni inculpé, alors que quand il dont le « Huda Par » (nom signi - turque – et notamment les nom - s’agit d’amener devant les juges fiant également « parti de Dieu »), breux policiers en civil qui qua - qui a osé accuser Erdoğan de cor - de création récente, est l’héritier. drillent habituellement ce genre ruption ou qui a prononcé les ini - Peut-être le Président turc réussira- d’événements – y a brillé par son tiales du PKK, la Loi avec un grand t-il de cette manière à reprendre le absence. Quelques minutes après « L » s’applique dans toute sa pouvoir total et à « étouffer les dos - les explosions, les policiers sont rigueur. De son côté, Selahettin siers de corruption qui ne deman - soudain réapparus… pour disper - Demirtaş, co-président du HDP, à dent qu’à sortir », comme le fait ser violemment la foule choquée chaque fois visé par les attentats, remarquer dans Le Point du 15 par les explosions à l’aide de relève que les autorités gouverne - octobre Ahmet Insel, professeur de canons à eau et de lacrymogènes ! mentales « n’ont jamais été sciences politiques à l’Université Le député turc Lütfü Turkkan capables de trouver les coupables Galatasaray. La question est de (CHP) a résumé l’opinion de nom - des attaques de Diyarbakir, de savoir si l’Etat turc actuel, avec ses breux observateurs en twittant Suruç, tout comme (elles) ne vont 7 % de sondés déclarant soutenir après l’attentat que cette attaque jamais identifier les responsables Daech, pourra quant à lui survivre était « […] soit un échec des ser - de l’explosion d’Ankara. » Et à long terme à un tel « succès »… n° 367 • octobre 2015 Bulletin de liaison et d’information • 3• TURQUIE : APRÈS LES JOURNALISTES, LES AVOCATS SUR LA SELLETTE n octobre, les forces Diyarbakir par la police anti-ter - « type F » à Adana. Puis, 11 jours spéciales turques, roriste au milieu de la nuit du 20, plus tard, les deux Britanniques E appuyées par la police, et amené à Istanbul. Après une avaient été relâchés et expulsés ont poursuivi tout au semaine de détention, il a été vers le Royaume-Uni, tandis que long du mois les opé - relâché jusqu’à son procès mais a Rasool demeurait dans une pri - rations de « punition » été placé sous contrôle judiciaire. son de haute sécurité. Les autori - dans plusieurs villes considérées Le bureau du procureur a trans - tés turques ne l’ont pas inculpé comme des fiefs du nationalisme mis l’acte d’accusation à la de quoi que ce soit et n’ont pas kurde, comme Ferqin (Silvan), deuxième haute cour criminelle non plus expliqué les raisons de Cizre, Nusaybin, et plusieurs de Bakırköy.
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