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A Construção Do Catálogo De Panizzi: Uma Análise Documental

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A Construção Do Catálogo De Panizzi: Uma Análise Documental FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS, CAMPUS MARÍLIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO GABRIELA BAZAN PEDRÃO A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CATÁLOGO DE PANIZZI: UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL MARÍLIA/SP 2019 GABRIELA BAZAN PEDRÃO A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CATÁLOGO DE PANIZZI: UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciência da Informação da UNESP, Campus de Marília, como requisito para a obtenção do título de doutora em Ciência da Informação. Linha de Pesquisa: Produção e Organização da Informação. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Maria Leandra Bizello. MARÍLIA/SP 2019 [email protected] GABRIELA BAZAN PEDRÃO A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CATÁLOGO DE PANIZZI: UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da UNESP, Campus de Marília, como requisito para a obtenção do título de doutora em Ciência da Informação. Linha de Pesquisa: Produção e Organização da Informação. Data da defesa: 27 de março de 2019 Banca examinadora: Profa. Dra. Maria Leandra Bizello Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) – Orientadora Profa. Dra. Cristina Dotta Ortega Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Profa. Dra. Giulia Crippa Università di Bologna Prof. Dr. Carlos Cândido de Almeida Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Prof. Dr. Walter Moreira Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Suplentes: Profa. Dra. Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Profa. Dra. Vera Lúcia Doyle Louzada de Mattos Dodebei – Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) Prof. Dr. Andre Vieira de Freitas Araújo – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Esse trabalho é dedicado às minhas avós. Exemplos de mulheres que são a base de duas famílias há três gerações, nos ensinando o que realmente vale na vida: a alegria de viver e a importância de cuidar. Agradeço principalmente aos meus pais. A meu pai, Jorge, orientador da vida, que esteve ao meu lado desde o primeiro dia, em 2007, na USP, e que sempre me apoiou em tudo. Que me levou até onde pode e que, em vários momentos, ficou mais feliz que eu mesma com as minhas conquistas. A minha mãe, Ana, que transformou minhas angústias nas suas, que se preocupou com cada momento e que cuidou de mim em cada tombo. Sua mão sempre esteve forte para me reerguer e seus braços para me abraçar. Ao Filipe, que nunca existirão palavras suficientes. Que leu essa tese inúmeras vezes, corrigiu, sugeriu e andou ao meu lado me ajudando durante esses quatro anos. Esse trabalho não seria possível sem você. Obrigada por cuidar tão bem do nosso futuro enquanto eu cuidei dessa pesquisa. Ao Igor, meu irmão e melhor amigo. Que me tirou de casa, que me deu risadas e leveza para continuar trabalhando no dia seguinte. Ao Gregor e Lucas. Pela amizade sincera, apoio e torcida. Pela força de saber que há pessoas que nos querem bem e torcem pelo nosso sucesso. A toda equipe da Biblioteca Nacional que me recebeu tão bem e que me auxiliou em tudo que precisei durante o ano que estive lá como bolsista pesquisadora. A ajuda e amizade de vocês é imensurável e mudou a forma com que eu via meu trabalho. Obrigada. A equipe da British Library, especialmente à Hanna Graves, que tanto me ajudou com a pesquisa sobre os documentos de Antonio Panizzi. As amigas da pós Renata e Paula, por cada desabafo e acolhida. Juntas somos mais fortes. Aos amigos virtuais do ‘É o último, juro!’. Vocês não imaginam como cada palavra de torcida, força e bem querer me levaram um passo à frente durante essa jornada. A Cristina Ortega. Que me auxiliou e me indicou possibilidades em momentos de dúvidas e confusão. E por último, a minha orientadora, Maria Leandra Bizello. Pelos quatro anos de orientação e companhia. E que, para além desse trabalho, esteve ao meu lado quando precisei de apoio. Obrigada, encerro hoje um ciclo de doze anos de muito aprendizado e crescimento. Malaquias mostrou-lhe umas anotações que ladeavam cada título. Li: iii, IV gradus, V in prima, graecorum; ii, V gradus, VII in tertia anglorum, e assim por diante. Compreendi que o primeiro número indicava a posição do livro na estante ou gradus, indicado pelo segundo número, o armário sendo indicado pelo terceiro número, e compreendi ainda que as outras expressões designavam uma sala ou corredor da biblioteca e ousei pedir mais informações sobre essas últimas distinctiones. Malaquias fitou-me severamente: “Talvez não saibas ou tenha esquecido que o acesso à biblioteca é consentido apenas ao bibliotecário. E portanto é justo e suficiente que apenas o bibliotecário saiba decifrar essas coisas.” “Mas em que ordem são colocados os livros nesse elenco?”, perguntou Guilherme. “Não por assunto, me parece”. Não se referiu a uma ordem por autores que seguisse a mesma sequência das letras do alfabeto, porque é o procedimento que vi posto em uso somente nos últimos anos, e outrora era pouco usado. “A biblioteca mergulha sua origem na profundeza dos tempos”, disse Malaquias, “e os livros são registrados segundo a ordem das aquisições, doações, do ingresso em nossos muros.” “Difícil de encontrar”, observou Guilherme. “Basta que o bibliotecário os conheça de memória e saiba de cada livro a época em que chegou. Quanto aos outros monges podem confiar em sua memória”, e parecia falar de outrem que não fosse ele próprio; e entendi que ele falava da função que naquele momento indignamente exercia, e que fora exercida por outros cem, já desaparecidos, que haviam transmitido seu saber um para o outro. (Umberto Eco, O nome da Rosa, p. 112) Resumo Os catálogos são as ferramentas mais paradigmáticas e importantes no que diz respeito à guarda e permanência de algo para o futuro. Em bibliotecas, principalmente, eles são cruciais, pois contemplam todo o acervo tanto em relação ao seu conteúdo e à descrição de obras quanto à sua organização física. É o catálogo, então, que controla tudo. Falar sobre catálogos, portanto, é mais do que falar apenas sobre organização da informação; é discutir o cerne de uma biblioteca. Esta tese trata do Catalogue of Printed Books in the British Museum (mais conhecido como ‘Catálogo de Panizzi’) e as 91 regras elaboradas pelo bibliotecário Antonio Panizzi entre 1839 e 1841. Ambos, regras e catálogo, foram responsáveis por organizar o acervo da British Library no século XIX e marcaram a história da Biblioteconomia por suas inovações e avanços no que diz respeito à organização da informação, principalmente quando comparadas aos métodos e princípios que eram utilizados até então. Sua influência foi poderosa, chegando a bibliotecários importantes como Charles C. Jewett, Charles A. Cutter e Seymour Lubetzky. Esse trabalho analisa o contexto de criação dessas regras, os catálogos que existiam antes do Catálogo de Panizzi, as 91 regras em si e suas inovações e quais foram seus impactos posteriores. A pesquisa foi baseada em fontes primárias, consultadas na própria British Library, e em documentos do século XIX que descrevem parte de como era o funcionamento da biblioteca. Esse trabalho nasceu da percepção de que Antonio Panizzi foi um bibliotecário proeminente, sempre citado, mas raramente protagonista na literatura de Biblioteconomia, especialmente no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Antonio Panizzi. Catálogo. Catálogo de Panizzi. British Library. História da Biblioteconomia. Abstract Catalogs are the most important and paradigmatic tools for keeping and saving things for the future. In a library they are crucial, for they contemplate the whole collection in regards to its content and the description of its works, as well as its physical organization. It is the catalog, then, that controls everything. To discuss catalogs, therefore, is more than just to talk about the organization of information; it is to talk about the library’s core. This dissertation is about the Catalogue of Printed Books in the British Museum (better known as ‘Panizzi’s Catalog’) and the 91 rules created by the librarian Antonio Panizzi between 1839 and 1841. Both the rules and the catalog were responsible for organizing the British Library’s collection in the 19th century, and they became a landmark in the history of Library Science because of its innovations and improvements regarding the organization of information, especially when compared to the methods and principles that came before. Their influence was far reaching, impacting important librarians such as Charles C. Jewett, Charles A. Cutter and Seymour Lubetzky. This dissertation analyzes the context in which these rules were created, the catalogs that existed before Panizzi’s Catalog, the 91 rules themselves, the improvements they brought about and their posterior influence. This research was based on primary sources, consulted in the British Library itself, on documents from the 19th century that describe part of the workings of the library. This dissertation was conceived after noticing that Antonio Panizzi was a prominent librarian who was always cited but was rarely the protagonist in the Library Science literature, especially in Brazil. Keywords: Antonio Panizzi. Catalog. Panizzi’s Catalog. British Library. History of Librarianship. LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS AACR – Anglo American Cataloguing Rules AACR2 - Anglo American Cataloguing Rules, segunda edição ABNT – Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas ALA – American Library Association BN – Biblioteca Nacional CDD – Classificação Decimal Dewey CDU – Classificação Decimal Universal FBN – Fundação Biblioteca Nacional FRBR - Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records IIB- Institut International de Bibliographie MARC - Machine Readable Cataloging RDA - Resource
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