1999 COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

ADOPTED BY JULY 12th 1999 WATERFORD COUNTY COUNCIL

County Manager: Mr. Donal Connolly County Secretary: Mr. Peter Carey County Engineer: Mr. John O’Flynn Senior Executive Engineer: Mr. Denis McCarthy TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page 1. Development Context 3 1.1 The Regional Context 3 1.2 Population and Economic Activity within the County 4 1.3 Review of Progress under the 1992 Development Plan 6 1.4 Development Opportunities and Constraints in Summary 7

2. Sustainable Development Strategy 8 2.1 Economic Development 9 2.1.1 Development of Industry and Enterprise 9 2.1.2 Retailing and Other Commercial Activity 10 2.1.3 Forestry 12 2.1.4 Agriculture 12 2.1.5 Fisheries and aquaculture 12 2.1.6 Tourism 13 2.2 Social Cohesion 16 2.2.1 Housing Provision 16 2.2.2 Maintenance of Cultural Identity 17 2.2.3 Arts, Culture and Community Facilities 17 2.2.4 Recreation and Amenity 18 2.3 Sustainable Land use and Transportation 19 2.3.1 Land Use and Settlement Strategy 19 2.3.2 Roads ,Transport & Telecommunications 20 2.4 Protection of the Natural Environment 22 2.4.1 Protection of Natural Resources 22 2.4.2 Investment proposed in support of protection of the natural environment 23 2.5 Management of the Landscape 26 2.5.1 General Approach 26 2.5.2 Upland Areas 28 2.5.3 Coastal Areas 28

3. Settlement Strategy 29 3.1 The Settlement Strategy for Waterford 29 3.2 County Service Centres 29 3.3 Development Nodes 32 3.3.1 32 3.3.2 34 3.3.3 Ardmore 36 3.3.4 38 3.3.5 Ballyduff (East of the County) 40 3.3.6 Ballyduff (West of the County) 42 3.3.7 46 3.3.8 Bawnfune 48 3.3.9 Ballymacarbery 50

1999 Waterford County Development Plan iii Page 3.3.10 / Knockmahon 52 3.3.11 56 3.3.12 58 3.3.13 60 3.3.14 Clonea-Power 62 3.3.15 Crooke 64 3.3.16 Dunhill 66 3.3.17 68 3.3.18 70 3.3.19 Kill 72 3.3.20 74 3.3..21 Kilmanahan 76 3.3.22 Kilmeaden 78 3.3.23 Lismore 80 3.3.24 82 3.3.25 84 3.3.26 Piltown 86 3.3.27 88 3.3.28 90 3.3.29 Mweelnahorna – Ballinagaul – Helvick 92 3.3.30 98 3.3.31 Tallow 100 3.3.32 Touraneena 102 3.3.33 104 3.3.34 106 3.4 Availability of Serviced Land in Designated Settlement Nodes 108

4.Development Control and Standards 109 4.1 Standards for Different Types of Development 109 4.2 Location of New Development / General 109 4.2.1 Upland Areas 109 4.2.2 Coastal Areas 109 4.2.3 National Routes 109 4.2.4 Other Routes 109 4.2.5 Cottage Plots 110 4.3 Standards for New Development 110 4.4 New Housing in Urban Areas 112 4.4.1 Single Developments 112 4.4.2 Estate Development 112 4.5 Tourism Development 114 4.6 Industrial and Commercial Developments 115 4.6.1 General 115 4.6.2 Garages and Petrol Stations 115 4.6.3 Mineral Extraction / Quarrying 116

iv 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Page 4.7 Advertising 116 4.8 Demolition of Buildings 117 4.9 Car Parking 117 4.10 Access for Persons with Disabilities and the Mobility Impaired 119 4.11 Development Contributions, Bonds and Security 119 4.12 Listed Buildings 119 4.13 Tree Preservation Orders 119 4.14 Agricultural Development 120 4.15 Electricity and Other Cables 120 4.16 Zoning Objectives 120

Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme 123 Appendix 2: Areas of Scientific Interest 135 Appendix 3:Multi-Annual Programme 1998-2000 for Small Public Water Schemes 141 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation 145 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings 159 Appendix 6: Schedule of Regional Roads 181 Appendix 7: Tree Preservation Orders 183

1999 Waterford County Development Plan v vi 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Foreword

The 1998 Waterford County Development Plan is part of a new generation of Development Plans that emphasises the principles of sustainable development. This concept has influenced the format and the layout of the plan, which is designed to integrate all of the issues that have implications for the future development of the County.

The format of this Development Plan is also designed to enable the reader to understand the principal issues in , such as housing, infrastructure, transportation and waste, that need to be addressed in a manner which allows the preservation of the environment over the next plan period.

Crucially, the plan is designed to help members of the public ascertain how all proposals for development are assessed in County Waterford. The plan is also intended as a guide to persons who wish to undertake development in the County.

The Development Plan consists of 4 chapters, which comprise the written statement, together with the schedule of maps. Should any conflict arise between the written statement and the maps, the written statement shall prevail.

Chapter 1 of the Plan reviews the development context of County Waterford.

Chapter 2 covers the sustainable development strategy for County Waterford. It sets out exactly what the county wide policies and the objectives of the Council are, with respect to all issues that impinge on land use in the County. It includes a number of Sustainability Indicators that have been devised for County Waterford to ensure that the implementation of the strategy in the Development Plan can be monitored against the broad principles of sustainability over the plan period. These sustainability indicators are marked by the following symbol. [Si]

Chapter 3 consists of the policies and objectives of the Council for County Waterford with respect to settlement and the development strategies for each settlement within it.

Chapter 4 focuses on the issues that the Planning Authority will consider when processing a planning application. It deals with the major issues that are to be addressed when a member of the public is making a planning application.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 1 2 1999 Waterford County Development Plan 1. Development Context

The County Development Plan is the statutory Mahon, Bride and Colligan and the impressive framework within which all development in County Comeragh and mountain ranges. Waterford will take place over the next 5 years. This Waterford City exerts a strong influence over the draft plan has been prepared under Local Government physical, social and economic development of the (Planning and Development) Legislation. It lays down County. Over the last plan period, Waterford City has the physical development policies for County Waterford become more significant in the east of the County and over the life of the plan, which will facilitate economic the town of (with its own Development and employment growth in the County in a manner Plan) has continued to dominate the west. that preserves and improves the quality of the environment. It also explains the means to be used to An increasing proportion of the labour force of the achieve these objectives and the reasons why these County work in Waterford City. This commuter mechanisms have been chosen. The achievement of the population is based in suburbs of Waterford City within objectives stated in this plan is subject to the availability County Waterford and in the dormitory towns of of resources (financial and otherwise). Tramore, Dunmore East and Passage East. In 1991, approximately 4500 persons lived in the County and worked in the City. 1.1 The Regional Context There are a number of urban centres located on the County Waterford is located on the southern coast of border of County Waterford, which have had a bordering the counties of , Tipperary, noticeable impact on the growth of the County. Kilkenny and Wexford. Together with counties Carlow, and (and Carrick-on-Suir and Kilkenny, South Tipperary, Wexford, and Waterford to a lesser extent), have experienced employment and City, it forms the South East Region. population growth in recent years at the expense of County Waterford. County Waterford has an extensive coastline, which extends from the estuary of the in the East to The location of Waterford City and the proximity of Youghal in the West. There are also a number of natural Cork City to the County have both made a positive harbours in the County, the largest of which is contribution to the infrastructure of County Waterford. (which leads into the Port of The County is serviced by the N.25 National Primary Waterford). Harbours are also found in Helvick, Route (Euroroute E30), which connects Cork to Rosslare, Dunmore East and Dungarvan. Other physical features in addition to Waterford Port and Belview and of the County include, the rivers Suir, Blackwater Waterford Regional Airport.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 3 Chapter 1: Development Context

1.2 Population and Economic Activity within the County Figure 1: Population change in County Waterford 1991-96

Population Trends to the West and North West of the County have experienced the highest percentage decrease. The population of County Waterford grew by over 13 per cent between 1971 and 1979, then slowed and subsequently declined in the intercensal period 1986 to Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir, Fermoy and Youghal, are 1991. The 1996 total of 52,140 represented, however, an located on the border of Waterford and act as service increase of 1.6 per cent since 1991. This compares with centres and employment providers for County an overall national increase of 2.8 per cent and an Waterford. increase in the South-east region of 2.2 per cent. Youghal and Carrick-on-Suir experienced significant Some 27.5 per cent of the population of County population growth in the 1990s and the spatial Waterford reside in the Aggregate Town Area, expansion of these towns is important in the compared with 26 per cent in 1986. development of a settlement strategy for County Waterford. Their presence has depressed the level of Population increases have occurred in the urban nodes urbanisation within the County of Waterford, but the of Lismore and Dungarvan and also in the hinterland of growth of their environs into County Waterford will the Waterford City. In general, areas which have place pressure on the supply of infrastructure. experienced growth are surrounding the urban centres and coastal areas Household Formation All towns, apart from Lemybrien, experienced an Nevertheless, Cappoquin, Tallow and the environs of increase in the number of households in the period Lismore all suffered a decline in population in the intercensal period 1991 to 1996. These towns are all 1991-96. The largest increases were found in the towns located in the West of the County. Kilmacthomas also of Dunmore East (32.3 per cent), Tramore (14.7 per cent) experienced a decline in population. and Cheekpoint (17.2 per cent). The formation of new households in these towns is partially a result of the Indeed, out of a total of 92 District Electoral Divisions development of tourism. In the West of the County, which make up County Waterford, 48 have declined in Ardmore experienced an increase in the number of population in the last intercensal period. The rural areas households of 25%.

4 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 1: Development Context

Further examination of the data indicates that the rural together with other professional services, they amount areas surrounding urban centres are experiencing the to 31.8 of the workforce. largest increase in the number of households. Waterford Rural District, which comprises the area surrounding The three named sectors above have all shown Waterford city, experienced an increase in the number significant increases in employment over the period of households of almost 12 per cent in the intercensal 1991-96 - more than 1,500 persons. This contrasts with period 1991 to 1996. However, 18 other District Electoral agriculture, which by 10 per cent over the period. Divisions experienced a decline in number of households. Employment data on agriculture, however, understate the importance of the sector to the County, in relation Since 1992, a total of 2003 houses have been constructed both to the food manufacturing sector and the services in County Waterford. Over 80 per cent of those sector, which are both interrelated and partly constructed were for the private market with the dependent on agricultural activity. remainder built by the County Council. Since 1992 there has been a sharp rise in the number of houses being In line with national trends, female participation rates constructed annually. rose sharply over the period 1991-96. Jobs for women are rising at nearly twice the rate as those for men. The area of Ring / experienced a population decline of 1.6 per cent between 1991 and The latest available data, which relate to 1991, show 1996. However, the area did not display a decline in the that almost a third of the work force that are resident number of households. in the County, work outside the County.

Economic Activity Unemployment An analysis of economic activity in County Waterford Using the unemployment figures from the Live Register over the last plan period (using 1991 and 1996 Census between 1991 and 1997, there was a decrease in data) shows that manufacturing is now the most unemployment of 12 per cent in County Waterford. The significant economic activity in employment terms with rate of unemployment defined by the Census of 24.2 per cent of the work force involved in this sector. Population in 1996 was 14 per cent, with a high proportion of long term unemployed - up to 68 per cent, However, if commerce, insurance and finance are taken dependent on definition.

Table 1: Sectoral Employment

Sector 1991 1996 Change Percent Change

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 3552 372 3924 3170 372 3542 -382 0 -382 -10.8 0.0 -9.7

Mining and Quarrying 61 22 83 30 1 31 -31 -21 -52 -50.8 -95.5 -62.7

Manufacturing 2817 1082 3899 3196 1230 4426 379 148 527 13.5 13.7 13.5

Building and Construction 1042 43 1085 1260 60 1320 218 17 235 20.9 39.5 21.7

Electricity, gas and water supply 84 10 94 81 17 98 -3 7 4 -3.6 70.0 4.3

Commerce, insurance and finance 1458 1019 2477 1467 1284 2751 9 265 274 0.6 26.0 11.1

Transport and communication 445 119 564 495 142 637 50 23 73 11.2 19.3 12.9

Public Administration and defence 529 203 732 450 234 684 -79 31 -48 -14.9 15.3 -6.6

Professional Services 786 1568 2354 1020 2054 3074 234 486 720 29.8 31.0 30.6

Other 430 614 1044 780 953 1733 350 339 689 81.4 55.2 66.0

Total 11204 5052 16256 11949 6347 18296 745 1295 2040 6.6 25.6 12.5

Source: Census of Population

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 5 Chapter 1: Development Context

1.3 Review of Progress under the 1992 The water supply of East Waterford has improved Development Plan considerably as a result of the completion of Phase 1 of the East Waterford Regional Supply Scheme in The 1992 Development Plan highlighted a number of association with Waterford Corporation. The constraints to the development of County Waterford, Council expect to complete Phase 2 of the scheme including the low urban population fraction within the over this plan period. County; marginal population growth; and the considerable physical barriers to development. The Council have developed proposals for a West Waterford Regional Supply Scheme that will Over the last plan period, settlements have undergone integrate the existing supply schemes in the west considerable change. Many settlements in the East of of the County with Dungarvan. the County experienced an increase in population while settlements in the west of the County underwent a decline in population. Waste water treatment Unemployment continues to be a major problem in Improvements were also made to the waste water County Waterford. Although, the last plan period treatment systems in the County with new treatment witnessed a decline in the numbers out of work, systems being installed in Lismore, Portlaw, Kill, unemployment persists at a high level, particularly in Lemybrien, Ballymacarbery, Bawnfune, Touraneena the urban areas of the County. and Clonea. However, despite these improvements, substantial investment is required in many of the waste The Council have implemented the following -water treatment systems within the County. investment programmes and other actions in support of policies set out in the 1992 development plan. Road Network The road network in County Waterford has benefitted Economic development from a comprehensive programme of modernisation The Council, in association with the I.D.A. and and improvement. Between 1992 and 1998, all Forbairt, brought a number of new industries into categories of road in the County have been upgraded the County over the last plan period. and improved.

The Council, working with SERTO, tourism Substantial investment has taken place into the interests, Waterford Corporation, Waterford road network of the county, with large sums being Crystal and Waterford Foods established a tourism spent on the N.25 National Primary Route, marketing and development company, ‘Waterford Regional roads and County roads. Tourism Ltd’ to promote Waterford as a tourist destination. Implementation of the County Settlement Strategy Housing The settlement strategy of the 1992 Development Plan The Council constructed a total of 204 new dwellings has met with a measure of success. Although policies for and purchased 16 houses between 1992 and 1997 to restricting development in scenic coastal and upland accommodate those on the housing list. All of these areas have been relatively successful, a number of dwellings were finished to a high standard. applications for new housing were made in areas that have no sanitary services network or local service base. Water Supply This development took place at the expense of many The Council undertook considerable improvements to small rural settlements, which experienced population the water supply systems in the County over the last loss and a decline in local services over the period of the plan period, particularly the replacement of mains and last plan. leak detection.

6 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 1: Development Context

1.4 Development Opportunities and Constraints Constraints in Summary Large areas of mountainous terrain particularly in the north-west and west of the County.

Opportunities The river Blackwater, to the west of the County, and the River Suir, to the east. These have restricted the The location of County Waterford between the two development of considerable amounts of land in major cities on the south coast provides an excellent close proximity to them. The propensity of these opportunity to attract industrial development. rivers to flood during the winter months and the County Waterford is easily accessible from likely significance of surface water abstraction in the Waterford City and Cork City, both of which offer a future will ensure that the policy of restricting range of educational services. The Waterford development in these locations will continue. Institute of Technology is located in Waterford City and Cork is home to University College Cork and the The extensive Waterford coastline. This has Cork Institute of Technology. restricted development in the southern part of the County. It has been the policy of the Planning The attractiveness of County Waterford for Authority in previous plans to discourage single manufacturing and service industry will increase housing developments in coastal areas, particularly with the establishment of the new V.E.C. and FAS along the Dungarvan – Tramore coast road. This training centre in Dungarvan. The V.E.C. will policy will continue in order to preserve this specialise in a range of new third level courses for attractive stretch of coastline and to relieve stress in school leavers, mature students and the long-term coastal areas. In addition, it is the policy of the unemployed. These facilities will service the Planning Authority to continue this policy in all education and training needs of the County as well coastal areas of the County to maintain a quality as the town of Dungarvan. coastal environment in Waterford. High quality agricultural land in many parts of the The proximity of a number of thriving towns in County, with potential for the retention of neighbouring counties. These are Clonmel, Carrick- profitable commercial farming activity on-Suir, Fermoy and Youghal. They have had a The quality of the road network in County noticeable impact on the development in the Waterford also represents a valuable opportunity. County, particularly in West Waterford. The Considerable progress was made over the last plan availability of employment opportunities and period in the improvement of the national primary shopping, education, health, leisure and social and secondary routes within the County. A large facilities in these towns has led to population and number of County and Regional roads were also expenditure ‘leakages’. upgraded and resurfaced during this period. The absence of sanitary services, particularly the The Council recognises that County Waterford absence of waste water treatment facilities in key possesses great natural beauty in its extensive settlements in the County. coastal and upland areas in particular. The The vulnerability of ground water supplies to preservation and improvement of this natural pollution. At present, a large number of settlements environment is seen as a necessary prerequisite for in the West of the County (including Dungarvan) successful and sustainable economic, social and depend on groundwater sources for their water tourism development in the County. supply. A recent report by the Geological Survey of The transport infrastructure in County Waterford Ireland indicates that a significant proportion of provides an excellent opportunity for the these groundwater sources are extremely development of industrial, agricultural and services vulnerable to pollution. This has implications for the activity over the next Plan period. The county siting of domestic septic tanks and private possesses a National Primary Route, A Regional treatment systems for rural housing. In order to Airport and Waterford Port. preserve water supplies, it is necessary for the Council to strictly control the siting and the density of private septic tanks and individual treatment systems in rural areas. Employment growth in County Waterford between 1991 and 1996 has been relatively low, despite the national level of economic and employment growth that occurred over much of the same period. The low level of employment growth is the result of an overdependence on agriculture and a relatively narrow industrial and service base.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 7 2. Sustainable Development Strategy

[Sustainable development is]’ development which human activities have the potential to modify and, meets the needs of the present without in many cases, damage it. It emphasises the need compromising the ability of future generations to to identify those activities that are harmful to the meet their own needs’. (Report of the World environment and promote alternative, sustainable Commission on Environment and Development). approaches. This involves a comprehensive assessment of all land use together with the There have been significant developments in the activities that influence it. field of land use planning, settlement policy and the regulations governing the planning system in Waterford County Council confirms its Ireland over the last plan period. These changes commitment to the implementation of a Local arose for the most part from an acceptance of the Agenda 21 Plan and has prepared this Statutory principles of sustainable development and the Development Plan in accordance with the adoption of Local Agenda 211 by the Irish principles which underlie the Agenda 21 approach Government. This commits each Local Authority in to economic, social and physical planning and Ireland to the establishment of sustainable development. development objectives in their Development Plans and to the use of the existing planning This Chapter sets out the sustainable development legislation to achieve these objectives. strategy for County Waterford over the lifetime of the Plan in relation to economic development, Adhering to the principles of sustainable social cohesion, land use and transportation, development requires a new approach to the use protection of the natural environment and of natural resources. landscape management.

Local Agenda 21 encourages Local Authorities to take a fresh look at the environment and how

1 Agenda 21, the United Nations’ document promoting sustainable development, which was adopted by governments at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, calls upon all local authorities worldwide to draw up and implement local plans of action for sustainable development, in partnership with all stakeholders in the local community. Chapter 28 of Agenda 21 is addressed specifically to local government and states that: “Local authority programmes, policies, laws and regulations to achieve Agenda 21 objectives should be assessed and modified based on local programmes adopted.”

8 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

2.1 Economic Development Enterprise workers were funded in Tallow, Cappoquin and Annestown. Training is also 2.1.1 Development of Industry and Enterprise provided through the County Enterprise Board, 2.1.1.1 Background and Analysis Waterford Development Partnership Company and LEADER. Foreign Direct Investment and Larger Indigenous Enterprise within the County Spatial Planning Implications of employment The main sectors represented by overseas industry change in Waterford City and County are auto Employment in industry and enterprise is components, engineering and healthcare. These increasingly urban-based. The centres of are supplemented by Waterford Crystal, a major Waterford City, Dungarvan, Clonmel, Carrick-on- indigenous company. In most cases, these Suir, Fermoy and Youghal provide employment for industries are located near to the largest centres of much of the population in County Waterford. population. In contrast, the areas of the County at the greatest policy is to direct investment towards cities remove from urban centres are the areas of and towns, a location sought by overseas greatest employment vulnerability. companies, who in general do not wish to locate outside the main centres of population which Serious job losses in Clonmel and Dungarvan provide a skilled workforce and the advantages of during 1997 both impacted on population in the agglomeration of industry. West of the County. They underline the importance of a balanced development strategy in In accordance with this policy, the IDA is planning terms of housing and urban development and the development of a major technology park to be stress the pivotal nature of Dungarvan as the located close to the City/County boundary. major urban centre in the West capable of developing a sustainable employment In 1996, Forbairt assisted 81 indigenous concentration. manufacturing companies in County Waterford and 101 in Waterford City. Over 80 per cent of those assisted 2.1.1.2 Policy and Proposals in the County were defined by Forbairt as `very small` and only three as `large’. It is recognised that the Planning Authority is limited in its actions in support of economic In terms of location: development, which will be determined, in the first instance, by market forces and, secondly, by Companies assisted by Forbairt are agencies which have been established with a remit concentrated in the urban nodes of the County. for specific intervention in this area. Dungarvan has the largest concentration of Waterford County Council can assist the economic manufacturing industries (26) development of all sectors of activity within the County With one exception, the North West of the through policies relating to County contains no manufacturing industries. In general, the areas without industry can be Provision of an adequate road system; seen to correlate with those that are suffering Provision of sanitary services and other urban problems of rural depopulation. infrastructure; Two of the industries defined as large are located in Zoning of sufficient land for industrial and Dungarvan and the third in Cappoquin. commercial development; Provision, in conjunction with other agencies Enterprise and Development Training Needs and local communities, of infrastructure County Waterford is under represented in third related to SME (small to medium sized level education and training institutions and has a enterprises) development, including advance low skill base. Training initiatives in support of units and training and enterprise centres; development of this sector as well as in support of inward investment, are therefore of particular Zoning of land for residential development importance. The centre of FÁS activity in County required for workers; Waterford is in the city of Waterford where a Housing for workers not able to provide their training centre for 600 persons is located. own dwellings. However, during 1996, seven community groups were active in community enterprise training.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 9 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

Policies and objectives with respect to each of the requisite land and infrastructure, including roads foregoing are to be found within this Plan in the and telecommunications, sanitary services, sections indicated below. Sustainable training infrastructure and housing. development indicators are set out in the relevant sections of the plan. [Si] The Council will ensure that incubator units and proposals for small, medium and large scale industrial development are located in designated Supporting actions See sections: services centres.

Roads 2.3.2. and Appendix 1 2.1.2 Retailing and Other Commercial Activity

Sanitary services 2.4.2. and Appendix 3 2.1.2.1 Background and analysis The retail function of County Waterford is Zoning Chapter 3 concentrated in the urban nodes of Dungarvan and Tramore and in the smaller towns of Tallow, Housing Provision 2.2.1 Lismore, Cappoquinn, Portlaw, Kilmacthomas and Dunmore East. The smaller towns provide convenience goods (food etc.) for the local Fundamental to the successful attraction of foreign population. Tramore and Dungarvan provide both direct investment and the fostering of indigenous convenience and comparison goods (clothing and enterprise, will be the settlement and development footwear, other non - food and durable household strategy adopted in this Plan. This strategy, which is goods). outlined in Section 2.3.1 and detailed in Chapter 3, makes provision for a hierarchy of service centres and The retail position of the county is weakened by settlement nodes and is designed to strengthen the the proximity of Waterford City as a regional urban structure of the County. Combined with the shopping centre for the South East and the towns strategic investment programme for sanitary services of Youghal (Co. Cork), Fermoy (Co. Cork), Carrick- and road infrastructure, it will encourage the location on-Suir (Co. Tipperary) and Clonmel (Co. of new industrial and service sector development in Tipperary). Analysis confirms considerable leakage County Waterford. of shopping expenditure from County Waterford to these centres. Settlement Strategy for Industrial Promotion The 1994 Waterford City Development plan It is the policy of the Council to pursue a estimated the gross retail floor space of the city to settlement and associated development strategy, be 66,738 square metres. Over 70 per cent of this which will strengthen the urban and rural fabric of space was located within the city centre. Since the County and increase employment and 1994 there have been two significant additions to economic activity. the retail space of Waterford City and a number of retail warehouses have been developed to the Support for other Agencies West of the city. The 1994 Development Plan It is the policy of the Council to support economic noted that the city centre had re-established itself development initiatives taken by other agencies as a prime location for both convenience and and will act to promote the development of comparison goods. However, recent developments sustainable jobs in co-operation with the relevant have reversed this trend. It is estimated that over agencies. 8,000 sq. metres of retail warehousing have been developed in the last two years.

Inward Investment The towns of Youghal, Fermoy, Carrick-on-Suir and It is the policy of the Council in conjunction with Clonmel have also experienced considerable the I.D.A. to support the inward investment into additions in retail floor space. the County of world class industry. A limited number of high-quality locations will be This growth has outstripped the performance of established for these industries with necessary the County. Since 1988, a total of 6,062 metres land and infrastructure. squared have been added to the retail space already existing in County Waterford. Indigenous Enterprise Development With the exception of Supervalu and Centra, none It is the policy of the Council to support Forbairt, of the larger national grocery retailers has outlets the County Enterprise Board and the Waterford within County Waterford. Both Waterford City Development Partnership in the promotion of and Clonmel have purpose built shopping centres indigenous enterprise and provision of the which contain major anchor stores and which

10 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

attract shoppers from County Waterford. This City and to the neighbouring towns of Clonmel, Carrick- reduces the role which small convenience outlets on-Suir, Fermoy and Youghal play in the smaller settlements of Waterford such There is a need to provide a larger variety of retail as Lismore and Cappoquin. choice within the county. Without this choice it appears that consumers are willing to travel longer distances in Projections of Floor Space Requirements order to obtain specialist and household goods in Projections based on forecasts of personal consumption alternative locations. This is an economic loss and contained in the ESRI Medium Term Review suggest environmentally undesirable in terms of energy usage. that, in the period 1997 to 2003, per capita expenditure At the same time, a balance has to be achieved between on comparison goods is likely to rise from £1218 per retailing in the larger towns and in the smaller head in 1997 to £1723 per head in 2003. Equivalent population clusters within the County. A means of figures for convenience goods are £1362 to £1508 per achieving this sustainable balance is to encourage the head. This data may be added to the results of the development and maintenance of retail outlets which County population projection, which indicate that provide convenience goods in the smaller settlements population in the County may increase by some 1,000 while encouraging larger stores specializing in the sale persons over the next five years. Together, these of comparison goods such as durable household goods projections suggest that the spending power of the to locate in the larger urban nodes of the County such as County may rise by some £28 million pounds over a six Dungarvan and Tramore. This will prevent unnecessary year period, for comparison goods. The equivalent rise in everyday trips to the larger centres. The promotion of convenience goods expenditure may be of the order of the retailing of convenience goods in smaller towns and £9.1 million. villages is beneficial in that it enhances the urban fabric of the settlements. The encouragement of comparison Assuming an efficiency in new retail outlets of £3,000 goods in the larger settlements will enable them to per square metre, for comparison goods, this suggests maintain and strengthen their position in the urban that there is a potential for 9,000 square metres of hierarchy. additional selling space in the County - provided this potential is not lost to surrounding settlements. This figure is clearly sensitive to the sales density chosen, 2.1.2.2 Policy and Proposals which will be a feature of the type of shopping provided DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER ORDER SHOPPING FUNCTIONS WITHIN THE - retail warehousing, for example, typically has a much COUNTY lower turnover per square metre. The disposition of this new sales space is critical to the shopping future of the The County Council will actively promote the retention County, since it could easily be lost to Waterford and and further development of higher order shopping Clonmel, and in higher order comparison goods, part functions in Dungarvan as the trading hub of the almost certainly will. However, the retention of some County. element of it will provide a basis for the strengthening It is the policy of Waterford County Council to facilitate of the convenience sector in the County and may form the implementation of the Integrated Area Plan for the basis of urban renewal in Dungarvan and elsewhere. Dungarvan (including the attraction of a major multiple retail chain) in association with Dungarvan UDC. In convenience goods, £5,000 per square metre is assumed and the potential amounts to some 2,000 LOCAL SHOPPING square metres, assuming there is no reallocation of The County Council will actively promote the retention market share from independents to supermarket and further development of local shopping facilities in chains, for example. other service centres of the County as a means of supporting local development. Key Issues LAND ZONING Retail policy creates a dilemma for the development of the County as a whole. Waterford City is the regional The Council will seek to ensure the provision of service and shopping centre. This impacts on the role of adequate serviced and zoned land for commercial the remainder of the County. Clonmel and Dungarvan development in the centres specified elsewhere in this emerge as the strongest retail centres outside 1998 Draft Development Plan. Waterford City but in comparison goods, their combined turnover amounted to less than half that of [Si] The Council will monitor the location of new the City. retail and commercial developments and ensure that a minimum of 80 per cent of all new retail and commercial County Waterford must strengthen its retail base to development takes place within existing town or village prevent further inappropriate leakage to Waterford centres.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 11 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

2.1.3 Forestry FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT With approximately 17 per cent of its land area covered It is the policy of the Council to promote the by forests, County Waterford has the second highest sustainable development of forestry in accordance level of afforestation of any county in Ireland. with the Indicative Forestry Strategy.

The County Council recognises that the development of MIXED DEVELOPMENT OF FORESTRY AND BUILT FORM forestry within the County is an inevitable response to The Council will encourage the development of forestry changes in rates of return from activities on the land. It in such a way as to make possible the concurrent or will seek to ensure that such developments are subsequent development of industry, commerce and controlled insofar as the Planning Acts permit, with residential development at locations which accord with regard to their social and environmental impacts policies set out elsewhere in this plan, in such a way as (including views and prospects) . to use the forestry to shield the visual impacts of such development. The Council is preparing an Indicative Forestry Strategy (I.F.S.) as an aid to its planning and development policy. TRANSPORTATION OF FORESTRY PRODUCTS It is the policy of the Council that transportation of wood As part of the I.F.S., a draft ‘sensitive area’ map has been from the source must be carried out without causing prepared. This indicates areas that have been nuisance to other road users. In certain instances, the designated as sensitive to forestry development and has public road may be deemed by the Council to be been prepared having regard to the following: inadequate to carry the size of the loads proposed. The Council will include a condition requiring a contribution Areas designated in the Development Plan as High towards the maintenance and / or upgrading of the Amenity; road and / or may specify alternative routes of the Areas of Scientific Interest; forestry traffic.

Special Areas of Conservation; [Si] The Council will require that a minimum of 20 per cent of all new forestry over the next plan period will Special Protection Areas; consist of native broadleaf species in considering a planning application for such development. Natural Heritage Areas; 2.1.4 Agriculture Areas containing sites of Archaeological Importance (i.e. National Sites and Monuments); Agriculture is an important part of the economic life of the County. It is the predominant land use and a Scenic Routes; significant source of employment. The scope for intervention by the Planning Authority in the Areas containing rivers and streams which are development of agriculture relates to infrastructure in prone to Acidification; support of the sector, and matters of planning control. Development control policies in relation to agriculture River catchments upstream of Surface Water are set out in Section 4.14. Abstraction points.

COUNTY ROADS IN SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURE In designating areas as sensitive to forestry, the Council is not precluding the development of forestry in these Regarding infrastructure, it is the policy of the Council to locations. The purpose of the map is to highlight the facilitate the development of agricultural activity in the areas where the Council wishes to be consulted in depth County through the selected improvement of all before commencement of forestry development. infrastructure in the County.

Background information relating to the Sensitive Area SUPPORT FOR OTHER AGENCIES map and the Council’s general views on forestry It is the policy of the Council to support the work of development can be obtained from the Indicative development agencies within the County in promotion Forestry Statement. of the rural economy, including agricultural development and diversification. The Council recognise that Forestry has potential to ameliorate the landscape impacts of other 2.1.5 Fisheries and aquaculture development types and thus provide a means of The presence of the national fishery harbour at promoting development in areas which would Dunmore East, together with a number of smaller otherwise be unacceptable due to landscape impact. harbours and piers along the coastline of the County

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and the potential for aquaculture in Dungarvan Bay, Specific Objective: indicate the considerable potential that this sector It is an objective of the Council to provide a waste offers for economic development within the County. water treatment plant for Dungarvan and The sector has particular local importance, not least in Mweelnahorna – Helvick – Ballinagoul. the Gaeltacht area of the County, providing a source of part time employment, which encourages the retention [Si] The Council will work closely with the of the rural population and associated cultural heritage. Southern Fisheries Board and local environmental organisations to ensure that the high quality of surface Inland fisheries on the Blackwater, Bride and Colligan water bodies in areas relevant to fisheries and have considerable tourism potential, as has shore and aquaculture is preserved over the plan period. sea fishing. 2.1.6 Tourism The Council can contribute to the development of this sector through the adequate maintenance of the piers 2.1.6.1 Background and analysis and harbours within the charge of the Local Authority, Waterford is part of the South East region. In 1996, the together with the provision of adequate roads and region received over one million overseas visitors, a 14 sanitary service facilities for fishermen, aquaculturalists per cent increase on the previous year, which was itself a and fish processors. 14 per cent increase on 1994.

It can also ensure that water quality is maintained at a The domestic market is the most important source of high standard, both marine and inland. tourists to the South East and is a distinguishing feature of the region. A study carried out by Tourism DEVELOPMENT OF DUNMORE EAST Development International Ltd in June 1996 estimates It is the policy of the Council to support the development that in 1995 County Waterford (including Waterford of the extension of the National Fishery Harbour at City) attracted 327,000 tourists. Many of these tourists Dunmore East and to provide adequate road and pass through Waterford en route to another sanitary services infrastructure in support of further destination. development and operation of the harbour. Some sixty six per cent of all overseas tourists who visit DEVELOPMENT OF HELVICK the region do so for the purpose of a holiday. Only 9 per It is the policy of the County Council to provide adequate cent are on business. Tourism in the South East road and sanitary services infrastructure in support of experiences its peak period in the months of May further development and operation of the harbour at through to August. Forty seven per cent of overseas Helvick. The County Council will seek to develop this tourists who visit the region arrive during June, July and facility in a way, which ensures that it is available for August. Tourists from America and Mainland Europe are recreational users without compromising established or more likely to visit in the period from June to August (48 new commercial fishery activity. per cent and 63 per cent respectively) than their British counterparts who display less seasonality in the PIER AND HARBOUR DEVELOPMENT distribution of their visits. It is the policy of the County Council to ensure the adequate maintenance of and access to the following Revenue generated by tourism in the South East piers within the County: Helvick, Cheekpoint, Tramore, increased by nearly 88 per cent between 1990 and 1995. Dunbrattin, Passage East, Ballinagoul, Ballynacourty and More than half (55 per cent) of overseas revenue is Ardmore. It is also the policy of the Council to preserve generated by tourists from Britain. Nevertheless, the water quality in Dungarvan Harbour by the average spend per head in the South East is considerably establishment of a waste water treatment plant for lower than in other regions: the South East attracts a Dungarvan. high number of domestic tourists who are less likely to spend money on goods other than food and AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT accommodation. It is the policy of the County Council to promote the With regard to accommodation and visitor attractions development of aquaculture in Dungarvan Harbour in within Waterford, it is useful to divide the county into a suitable locations that do not conflict with existing or number of tourist districts. potential amenity uses.

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Waterford City consultation with County Tourism Committees including East Waterford which includes the towns of Passage the County Waterford Tourism Committee. East and Dunmore East as well as the seaside resort of Tramore. This Plan focuses on the promotion and marketing of the landscape of the region and developing amenities Dungarvan which encompasses the town of including angling, cycling, festivals, golf and heritage Dungarvan and the surrounding hinterland which tourism. includes the Gaeltacht area of Ring / Old Parish. West Waterford which includes the towns of The County Waterford Tourism Committee have also Ardmore, Cappoquin, Tallow and Lismore. formulated a tourism development plan which included a SWOT analysis of the County (including Waterford Tourist accommodation in Waterford is concentrated in City). The strengths identified include the landscape, Waterford City with a lack of accommodation facilities in Waterford Regional Airport, the seaside resorts, cultural the Western half of the County. Indeed, Waterford City heritage and the Gaeltacht region. Weaknesses include contains 44 per cent of all rooms in the County. The the negative impact of the road infrastructure which eastern area has a high provision of self-catering units attributes to the creation of ‘corridor tourism’ and the and camp-sites. under use of the airport.

Similarly, tourist attractions in Waterford are mainly Threats to tourism in County Waterford identified in the concentrated in the urban centre of Waterford. plan include: Waterford Crystal, which attracted 230,000 visitors in 1995, is the most important tourist attraction in The concentration of accommodation and facilities Waterford. In a survey carried out by Tourism in Waterford city. This detracts from the Development International in 1995, fifty nine per cent of development of tourism in other parts of the county, respondents stated that Waterford Crystal was a very particularly in the Western region. important factor in their decision to visit the area. The concentration of tourism on the coastal strip. The lack of adequate sewage treatment facilities West Waterford is particularly rich in heritage preventing a number of coastal resorts from monuments and buildings. The early Christian site in obtaining blue flag status. Ardmore is an example of an attraction, which has the potential to become a major tourism attraction in the Litter. region. Lismore is a Heritage town, with its cathedrals, The visual impact of inappropriate afforestation. castle, visitor centre and walks. The visual impact of second homes and single houses According to the Waterford Tourist Plan, there are eight in the countryside. parks and gardens open to the public in the County. Large houses attached to some of these gardens (e.g. The Council recognises that for many rural areas of the and ) are not open to County, tourism represents the only viable alternative to the public, despite their obvious appeal for visitors to the agricultural activity and the promotion of this sector is of area. primary importance to the development of the rural economy in these areas. The Council also recognises that Tramore has a number of attractions, the most the growth of the industry on a world-wide scale which significant of which is Splashworld, which caters is manifested in ever increasing numbers of visitors primarily for the domestic market. means that there will be increasing pressure on sensitive areas of the County. Despite the array of monuments, historic buildings and gardens in the County, there is a distinct absence of a Planning policies in the Development Plan major flagship attraction which would attract overseas visitors and serve as a catalyst for further tourism should take account of the National Sustainable development. Development Strategy and ensure that through the planning process tourism development takes place Specific tourist attractions and developments, which in harmony with the surrounding human and have been proposed, include the development of physical environment. Dungarvan Castle and the development of a single gauge railway line between Dungarvan and Waterford should ensure that an equitable geographic City. distribution of tourist facilities is achieved. This will avoid overconcentration in certain areas and South Eastern tourism have recently revised their therefore ensure that the carrying capacity of the Tourism Development Plan which was published in environment and infrastructure is not breached. November 1992. The review of this plan involved

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should take into account the National Coastal MULTIPLE HOLIDAY HOME DEVELOPMENT Management Strategy and Special Areas of Conservation. It shall be Council policy to encourage the provision of clusters of tourism residences rather than the In terms of development control, the presumption of construction of new one-off holiday homes - the Council will be against the granting of planning particularly in coastal areas. permission for tourist related development in coastal and upland areas, away from existing settlements. MARKETING Development control guidelines for tourist It is the policy of the Council to work with relevant development are set out in Section 4.5. agencies such as Waterford Tourism and South East Regional Tourism Authority within the County 2.1.6.2 Policy and Proposals to ensure the development of a clear marketing image for the County. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM PRINCIPLES SIGN-POSTING It is the policy of the Council to ensure that in line with the national sustainable development strategy the It is the policy of the Council to continue the development of tourism functions takes place in tourism sign-posting programme already harmony with the surrounding physical and human commenced in the County. environment and that tourism transport other than by COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT car is promoted. It is the policy of the Council to ensure that the Waterford County experienced noticeable growth in development of coastal tourism is in line with the the number of holiday homes over the last plan period. National Coastal Zone Management Strategy. Although, the construction and renovation of properties for this purpose has a beneficial impact on BLUE FLAG BEACHES the economies and the appearance of County towns It is the policy of the Council to ensure the and villages, concentrations of holiday homes can have retention or recovery of Blue Flag beaches in the a number of undesirable consequences. County through actions designed to protect such beaches from pollution. It can reduce the population of a town or village, particularly during the winter months. This has a LITTER negative impact on the indigenous population and the service base (shops, pubs, etc.) of the town or It is the policy of the Council to support the Clean village. Waterford Initiative.

NEW ATTRACTIONS It can lead to an increase in property values and prevent local people from purchasing a house or a It is the policy of the Council to support the site in their local area. development of new tourism attractions in the County including the Dungarvan to Waterford It leads to development pressure in some of the most walking route and Dungarvan Castle. scenic locations in the County, particularly in coastal locations. [Si] The Council will monitor the distribution of tourist related development in the County to SINGLE HOLIDAY HOME DEVELOPMENT prevent excessive development stress being placed on scenic coastal and upland areas. The Council shall control the number of holiday homes that are permitted in the County over the next plan period. Each application for a development of this nature will be assessed on the basis of the appropriate standards.

The Council shall balance the demand for holiday homes in the towns and villages of County Waterford with the need to maintain a year round population in these settlements.

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2.2 Social Cohesion A significant number of dwellings in 1995 and 1996 were constructed by the housing association RESPOND Sustainable development requires that attention be using Local Authority finance. given to social equity and cultural identity. In this respect, the Plan addresses issues related to access to Table 2: Local Authority House Completions over housing, recreation and amenity, cultural identity and the last Development Plan Period facilities as well as the needs of minority groups within the County and the general development of arts, culture and community facilities Year House Completions House Purchases 1992 15 0 Other actions related to social cohesion and inclusion are 1993 10 5 dealt with under the heading of economic development - for example, support for other agencies in addressing 1994 47 7 issues related to the Long Term Unemployed. 1995 45 1 1996 36 2 Many other areas of action are outside the direct remit 1997 50 1 of the Local Authority. 1998 (estimate) (31) (2) The Council is aware of the need for an integrated approach in dealing with all social and environmental issues. It is the policy of the Council to work in close co- The majority of these dwellings have been provided in operation with all the statutory and non-statutory the urban areas of the County, where the demand for agencies, business interests and community groups to accommodation is greatest. deal with social and environmental issues of concern. The demand for local authority housing in County As a local authority, the Council is committed to Waterford has been increasing steadily over the last maintaining a good working relationship with voluntary number of years. At the present time, there are 260 groups and organisations within the County. In addition, persons on the waiting list for accommodation. This it is the policy of the Council to support voluntary efforts represents a 13 per cent increase on 1997, and a 25 per by communities to improve facilities and the cent increase on the 1996 figure. As the demand for environment in their local areas. housing is influenced by economic conditions, population movements and changes in social 2.2.1 Housing Provision circumstances, it is difficult to accurately predict the In fulfilling its role as the housing authority for the demand for Council accommodation over the period of County, the Council provides dwellings for letting to this plan. However, given the trend towards decreasing persons in need of accommodation and who are unable household size, it is likely that demand will continue to to provide such accommodation from their own rise for the foreseeable future. The Council will resources. The Council may, from time to time, enter into endeavour to fulfil its role as a Housing Authority and partnership with voluntary agencies in the provision of accommodate all persons on the housing list within the this housing. budgetary constraints that it faces. This will be achieved by, The Council provides assistance to those in need of residential accommodation by, Providing group housing schemes to reduce the numbers on the Local Authority housing list, Constructing new dwellings, Entering into partnership arrangements with Purchasing dwellings, housing associations and rural development companies to provide housing for disadvantaged Providing financial assistance and loans to those groups such as the elderly and the infirm, who wish to purchase their own homes. Acquiring land in the County for the purposes of Over the period of the last Development Plan, the social housing, Council completed 204 new dwellings, mainly in the urban areas of the County. Over the same period, there Extending loans and financial assistance to persons has been a noticeable decline in the number of loans on the housing list who wish to build or purchase being sought from the Council. their own dwellings,

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Acquiring derelict or vacant land within towns and TRAVELLER ACCOMMODATION villages in the County for the purposes of providing It is the policy of the Council to implement the National new dwellings, Strategy on traveller accommodation as proposed in the Report of the Task Force on the Travelling Community The promotion and encouragement of the issued in July 1995. This policy, which was adopted by measures outlined in the Department of the Waterford County Council with some modifications on Environment publication entitled ‘Social Housing – November 10th, 1997, will be implemented over the The Way Ahead’. plan period. The Council is committed to reducing the number of It is the policy of the Council to provide accommodation persons that are homeless, living in accommodation that for travellers and to acquire particular sites for this is unfit or unsuitable and living in overcrowded purpose. accommodation over the period of this Development Plan. Furthermore, the Council is committed to [Si] The Council will provide suitable encouraging social integration in housing provision by accommodation for the travelling community over the providing a sustainable mix of public and private plan period in accordance with the Housing (Traveller development in settlements. Accommodation) Act, 1998 and in consultation with the PROVISION OF HOUSING Traveller Accommodation committee. It is the policy of the Council to provide, insofar as resources permit, adequate housing for persons who 2.2.2.2 The Needs of the Gaeltacht Community cannot afford their own accommodation. The Ring / Old Parish Gaeltacht now has the highest ratio of Irish to non-Irish speakers of any Gaeltacht in the State ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF HOUSING (86.5 per cent). Despite this, more than one in three of In line with Local Agenda 21 principles, the Council will the Gaeltacht population of Ring-Helvick-Ballinagoul do seek to provide energy saving advice to tenants in Local not speak Irish on a daily basis. Authority housing and to ensure that all new housing is PROMOTION OF THE finished to high energy efficient standards. It is the policy of the Council to promote the use of Irish [Si] The Council will ensure that the number of in the Ring / Old Parish Gaeltacht and endeavour to dwellings in new Local Authority housing schemes is ensure that most business with residents of this area is consistent with the encouragement of social integration. conducted through Irish.

[Si] In order to meet the needs of the public with DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAELTACHT respect to housing, the Council will monitor the need for It is the policy of the Council to promote the economic Local Authority housing and evaluate the suitability of development of the Gaeltacht through measures set out the accommodation available. in Section 2.1.5 of this plan and through enterprise development support set out in Section 2.1, road 2.2.2 Maintenance of Cultural Identity improvements set out in Section 2.3.2 and sanitary 2.2.2.1 The Needs of the Travelling Community services schemes set out in Section 2.4.2. To date, the Council has responded to the demand for [Si] The Council will monitor the use of the Irish indigenous traveller accommodation by the provision of language and development of the Gaeltacht and will Council dwellings in Local Authority housing schemes report on their advancements. and the provision of temporary accommodation. This approach has been effective in reducing the number of 2.2.3 Arts, Culture and Community Facilities indigenous traveller families seeking accommodation in the County. In response to the Report of the Task Force 2.2.3.1 Library Services on the Travelling Community, the Council is committed The library is the principle cultural and information to a broader approach to dealing with the issue of service of the Local Authority. The service is currently traveller accommodation. provided through seven branch libraries, in Dungarvan, Tramore, Lismore, Portlaw, Dunmore East, Cappoquin In line with the recommendations of the Report of the and Stradbally. These are fully automated and Task Force on the Travelling Community, the Council has networked. established a Traveller Accommodation Committee. This Committee will progress the development and The major investment plans include: implementation of the accommodation programme 1. The provision of a Central Library & County Archive and policy agreed by the Council, and advise on and help in Dungarvan. This should be completed late in provide the other supports that travelling families will 1998 or early in the following year. need such as access to education.

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2. The major extension of information services, recreational and cultural facilities and to facilitate particularly in Dungarvan and Tramore , with full local clubs and societies in cases where it is in the internet access and Business Services. public interest to do so.

3. The redevelopment of the Cappoquin Branch 2.2.4 Recreation and Amenity Library. The Council is committed to the sustainable development of coastal and upland areas of the County 4. The restoration of the mobile library service – for recreational and amenity purposes, to the benefit of though it is unlikely that this will be achieved until residents of the County as well as the promotion of the end of the five year plan. tourism.

5. The significant extension of locally generated The Council recognises the fragile nature of eco-systems, databases. in these and other areas, and it is committed to sustainable management practices to ensure their preservation and improvement over the plan period. 2.2.3.2 The Arts Over the period of the last Development Plan, the Policy regarding the management of fragile landscapes Council appointed an Arts Officer in association with the is set out in Sections 2.5.2. and 2.5.3. Development Arts Council / An Comhairle Ealaíon and the Waterford control policies for these areas are set out in Section 4.2 Development Partnership. The Arts Officer has: of this Plan. Compiled an artistic audit of the County. This The Council will require that open space is provided in important study has determined who was working the case of new housing development as set out in the in what art forms and the types of venues available. relevant parts of Sections 4.4 of this Plan. Assessed the needs and plans of the individuals, groups and committees involved in the Arts. ACCESS TO RECREATIONAL AREAS Established the County Waterford Arts Database. This provides details of several hundred local and It is the policy of the Council to preserve and promote national arts organisations to the public via the access to recreational areas including the coast, upland countywide Library Computer Network. areas and riverbank areas within the County, in Compiled the County Waterford Arts Plan. accordance with sustainable management practices.

2.2.3.3 Community Facilities For areas that have the capacity to accommodate It is the policy of the Council to make provision for increased usage, the Council will promote the use of comprehensive community facilities. Sites will be existing rights-of-way. reserved for such facilities in population growth areas and deficiencies in existing areas will be made good as CHILDRENS PLAYGROUNDS opportunity arises and within the budgetary constraints The Council will seek to promote the safety of childrens’ of the Council. It is intended to group these facilities in play in relation to its role in the control of the or adjoining residential areas, general business areas or development of new housing schemes and tourism town centres, dependent on the support population developments, Local Authority housing, and parks and required to warrant provision of a particular facility. open spaces with the aim of creating a safe, child- friendly environment in the County. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARTS It is the policy of the Council to support the [Si] The Council is committed to increasing the development of the Arts in County Waterford. amount of land available for amenity and recreational open space in County Waterford over the plan period. PROVISION OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES It is the policy of the Council to encourage, in appropriate locations, the commercial provision of

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2.3 Sustainable Land use and Transportation The Council accepts these principles and will promote the implementation of policies at County level which Population projections undertaken for this strive to uphold them. This has implications for the land Development Plan suggest that: use and settlement policy of this development plan. 1. Population in the County will increase by not less The accessibility of all persons in the County to adequate than 1,000 and not more than 2,000 over the next opportunities for employment, education, health, five years. Over a twenty year period, the increase shopping, leisure and social facilities is a primary concern may be between 3,000 and 5,000 persons. of the Council. On this basis, a broad settlement strategy was devised to ensure that this objective could be 2. The projected increase in the number of households achieved. will probably be in the region of 1,000 to 1,500 over five years, and in excess of 5,000 over twenty years. The sustainable settlement strategy for County Waterford is illustrated on Map 2.3.1. 3. The workforce is likely to increase by 1,000 persons over the next five years. The twenty year outlook is APPROACH TO SETTLEMENT STRATEGY less certain. It is the policy of the Council to ensure that all towns and The distribution of this growth within the County and, in villages in the County have basic services (e.g. local shop, particular, the extent to which such growth will be Post Office) and have easy access to service centres. It is concentrated in and around the major settlements, has also the policy of the Council to promote the use of important implications for the County. On present public transport to ensure that members of the public trends, growth of population is likely to be an urban have a choice of mode of transport (public or private) to phenomenon, though this will also be accompanied by get to these centres. pressure for development in the countryside and elsewhere because of the age structure of the COUNTY SERVICE CENTRES population and the rapid growth in headship rates It is the policy of the Council to promote the (implying fewer persons per household) which is, in turn, establishment of local service centres in Tramore, a result of rapid growth of incomes. Portlaw and Kilmacthomas in the East of the County and Lismore / Cappoquin / Tallow in the West of the County All this has serious implications for County Waterford to complement the existing principal service centres of and illustrates that strong planning policies are required Waterford City and Dungarvan. both to ensure the maintenance of the population of the smaller towns and villages in the County and to Details of these settlements and proposed development protect the rural environment. The building stock (and strategy are set out in Section 3.2 of this Plan. fuel consumption) may increase without a corresponding increase in population and in some cases, With respect to settlement outside of the County service population may fall. This will put pressure on the existing centres, it is the intention of the Planning Authority to level of services in these villages and if population continue to channel new development into 34 continues to decline, the provision of the services will no designated settlement ‘nodes’. By concentrating longer be viable. development in this manner, population and economic viability of small rural towns and villages will be 2.3.1 Land Use and Settlement Strategy maintained. The policy does not exclude the possibility The principles of sustainable development require that of locating new development in other villages that are Local Authorities should organise combinations of land not designated settlement nodes. uses in a manner that, The 34 designated settlement nodes have been selected Reduces the cumulative impact of development on on the basis of their strategic locations within the County the environment with respect to visual amenity, air and their existing levels of infrastructure and services. quality, and water resources, Details of their respective development strategies and development boundaries can be found in Section 3.3 of Improves the accessibility of all persons to this Plan. employment opportunities and education, health, shopping, leisure and social facilities, Under this Plan there will be a presumption against the granting of planning permission for development in Minimises energy usage coastal and upland areas, outside designated settlement nodes, for the following reasons: Optimises the economic return from expensive infrastructure such as sanitary services and roads.

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These areas may contain habitats of ecological 2.3.2 Roads ,Transport & Telecommunications importance that are more sensitive to environmental modification than many habitats in 2.3.2.1 Strategies for the provision of roads and lowland/inland areas, public transport The provision of infrastructure in County Waterford over Development in upland areas can be visually the period of this Development Plan will be in intrusive in the landscape by virtue of its elevated accordance with the principles of sustainable planning location in upland areas and the exposed nature of and development. The Council is committed to the coastal landscapes, which results in lack of provision of transport infrastructure on the basis of the screening, strategic settlement strategy that is outlined in this plan. This will ensure that all investment in infrastructure will Dwellings in upland and coastal areas are less aid the achievement of the objectives of the Council energy efficient during both their construction with respect to sustainable development. phase and their operational phase (due to their exposed location), The Council is aware of its obligations to Local Agenda 21 with respect to reducing non-renewable fuel Construction in elevated areas can give rise to consumption. This can be achieved by discouraging the disturbance and change in drainage patterns, use of private transport in favour of public transport, which can lead to the instability of slopes. In coastal where possible, and promoting alternatives to car areas, development can exacerbate coastal erosion transport, such as cycling and walking. It is the intention by increasing stress on the coastline. of the Council to fulfil its obligations in this regard, by implementing the sustainable settlement strategy set RESTRICTION OF HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN SENSITIVE AREAS out in detail in Chapter 3 of this plan. In the interests of sustainable planning and PROVISION OF ROAD NETWORK AND ENCOURAGEMENT OF PUBLIC development, the Council will control development in TRANSPORT coastal areas, upland areas and other areas that have been identified as being of particular environmental It is the policy of the Council to provide an efficient and significance. Proposals for development in any of these high quality road network in the County. It is also the locations will be subject to more stringent control. policy of the Council to encourage the use of public Relevant development control policies are set out in transport, where possible. Section 4.2 of the Plan. It is an objective of the Council to complete the SINGLE HOUSE DEVELOPMENTS IN SCENIC LANDSCAPES following major road improvement projects over the The Council will restrict single house developments in plan period. areas identified as vulnerable in the scenic landscape evaluation undertaken for this Plan. The Kilmacthomas Bypass, involving the realignment of the N.25 between Lemybrien and It is the objective of the Council to enforce the 1991 Newtown. Construction is scheduled to begin in Derelict Sites Act in order to reduce the number of 1999. derelict and unsightly dwellings in the County. The Waterford City Bypass (jointly with Waterford PRESUMPTION IN FAVOUR OF BROWNFIELD DEVELOPMENT SITES Corporation and Kilkenny County Council). Construction is scheduled to begin in 2001. It is the policy of the Council to favour the utilisation of derelict and vacant sites in preference to greenfield The Youghal Bypass. This is a Cork County Council development in rural areas on the outskirts of towns and project, part of which lies within County Waterford. villages, and to encourage integrated resource and It will involve the realignment of the N.25 between energy efficient types of development. Youghal Bridge in and Piltown in County Waterford.(the Kinsalebeg realignment [Si] In order to ensure that the sustainable project) settlement strategy is adhered to, the County will endeavour to accommodate 65 per cent of all new Tarrs Bridge – The Pike realignment project on the housing development in designated settlements (this N25 includes settlements that are not designated settlement nodes). Tallow Bridge realignment project on the N72

REDUCTION OF DERELICTION Full details of the proposed improvements to National, [Si] The number of derelict and vacant sites in the Regional and County roads in Waterford can be found County will be reduced over the plan period and an in Appendix 1. annual report on progress will be issued.

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[Si] Any major improvement works to the road light of changing technology in the communications network in the County over the plan period will be field. subject to environmental impact assessment in accordance with the appropriate legislation. 2.3.2.3 Port development The Ports of Waterford and Cork are both within easy 2.3.2.2 Telecommunications masts access of all areas of the County. The nearest Ro-Ro Over the last plan period, the popularity of mobile service to Britain is from Rosslare. Access to these ports is phones has led to an increase in the number of via the N25, which is the principal national primary route applications by telephone companies to erect antennae through the County. support structures and masts. There has also been a growth in rural television transmission systems. In order It is the policy of the council to improve and maintain the to meet this demand, the Council will pursue the port facilities within the County. following policies. 2.3.2.4 Waterford Regional Airport It is the policy of the Council to engage in pre-planning application discussions with operators in relation to the The Council recognises that Waterford Regional Airport erection of structures for communications. represents a valuable asset to the County and the South - East region and it is an important factor in the When processing an application for such development, attraction of industry and the generation of economic the Planning Department will have regard to National activity. and international guidelines on the siting of antennae support structures and masts and on radiation and It is the policy of the Council to ensure that every effort emission limits. is made to improve its accessibility and facilitate the expansion of the airport over the plan period. The Council will only grant temporary planning permissions (for 5 year periods) for antennae support It is an objective of the Council to improve the access structures and masts to allow a review of the situation in road from Waterford City to Waterford Airport.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 21 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

2.4 Protection of the Natural Environment Over large areas of County Waterford the depth to bedrock is less then 3m. About a third of the County has 2.4.1 Protection of Natural Resources little natural groundwater protection and therefore Protection of natural resources, including air and water, groundwater is classified as being highly or extremely which are essential to health and well being, is a vulnerable to pollution in these areas. It is, therefore, fundamental principle of sustainability. Policies set out in important that groundwater protection measures are Sections 2.1 and 2.3 are designed to minimise the impact incorporated into the County Development Plan. of development on natural resources or ensure that such impact is consistent with the principles of sustainability. The Council commissioned the Geological Survey of In this section, policies having direct and specific Ireland, Trinity College Dublin and University College relevance to the maintenance of air and water quality Galway to prepare a Groundwater Protection Plan for are set out, together with investments proposed in the County. support of such policies. The Groundwater Protection Plan is a management tool 2.4.1.1 Air that allows the regulatory authorities to protect the groundwater resources of the County by providing a Air pollution is caused predominantly by emissions from framework to respond to development proposals in a the burning of fossil fuels. The largest consumer of fossil manner that seeks to prevent the contamination of fuels is the transportation sector, followed by the groundwater. industrial and agricultural sectors. Commercial and domestic consumption of fossil fuels for power and heat The investigations, carried out between 1991 and 1997, also contribute to air pollution. Land use planning consisted of a compilation of all the available geological provides an effective means of controlling and reducing and hydrogeological information for the County. these emissions and improving air quality, through: Some 30 per cent of the main public water supply wells Concentrating trip generating functions (such as show some evidence of contamination or the impact of employment centres, hospitals, schools, shopping human activities. A smaller number of sources show facilities) in large population centres that are definite evidence of pollution. The principal sources of accessible by public transport, this contamination are considered to be, Settlement patterns that are not overly dependent Effluent from septic tanks or farmyards, on private transport, The storage or spreading of slurry or artificial energy efficient housing, fertilisers. Use of renewable energy resources, GROUNDWATER PROTECTION PLAN

Planting of trees and vegetation in areas of It is the policy of the Council to have regard to the localised air pollution (e.g. along dual carriageways Groundwater Protection Plan in assessing development and major roads). proposals in County Waterford.

SETTLEMENT STRATEGY IN SUPPORT OF AIR QUALITY [Si] The Council is committed to preserving the quality of groundwater in the County over the next plan It is the policy of the Council to promote the above period. This will be achieved by adhering to the planning policies for County Waterford over the plan standards outlined in Section 4.3.D of this Plan. period through the Settlement Strategy set out in Section 2.3.1 and Chapter 3 and the housing policy as set out in Section 2.2.1 2.4.1.3 Surface Water Surface water sources account for seventy-two percent 2.4.1.2 Groundwater of water abstractions within the County. With the exception of the boreholes supplying Dungarvan, all County Waterford is heavily dependent on ground major supplies within the County are from surface water sources for its water supply. Groundwater has waters. Surface waters that are used for the abstraction been developed as a source of public supply at a of drinking water are required to comply with Surface considerable number of locations throughout the Water (Drinking Water Abstraction Regulations) 1989, County. Some 28 per cent of the public water supply in which govern the type of treatment required for each County Waterford is from groundwater sources. It is also source. the major source of domestic and farm water supplies throughout most of the County, which are not connected to a public water supply scheme.

22 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

Surface water sources within the county are monitored development close to or within any areas by the Environmental Protection Agency who produce designated for ecological reasons. an annual report on River Water Quality. Results from 1997 show water quality to be generally satisfactory. [Si] The Council will carry out and publish an environmental audit of the condition of specified sites at Waterford County Council will continue to assess Surface the end of the plan period. Water Sources on the basis of monitoring by the E.P.A. and ongoing monitoring by the Council’s own staff. 2.4.2 Investment proposed in support of Surveying of all catchments contributing to public water protection of the natural environment supplies has begun and will be continued with a view to Direct investment by the Council in support of the identifying and managing possible pollution sources, maintenance of air and water quality will relate, for the whether public, industrial or agricultural. The Council is most part, to improvements to water supply, sewage committed to the protection of Surface Water Sources disposal systems and waste water treatment. used for water supplies and will use all statutory powers Investments in each of these areas will also be used in at their disposal to protect this valuable resource. support of the settlement strategy set out in this Plan.

[Si] The Council will monitor the quality of surface water 2.4.2.1 Water supply at regular intervals throughout the lifetime of this Plan. The Council will also endeavour to maintain and improve, where necessary, existing water supplies in the 2.4.1.4 Ecology County. Considerable improvements were made in the The principles of sustainable development emphasise establishment of East Waterford Regional Water Supply the importance of the natural environment with its store Scheme, which provides water to Waterford City and a of biodiversity – the plant and animal species that live in large proportion of East County Waterford. Work on this it. In order to protect this diversity, it is essential to scheme will continue over the next plan period. conserve habitats, both physically and by maintaining or reducing current levels of management. Agriculture Water Supply in the West of the County is dependent on (including forestry), waste disposal and industry have a large number of local supply schemes. It is often led to a modification of the environment by acknowledged that a Regional Supply Scheme is also destroying habitats or by so altering their condition that required for the West of the County and a proposal to species die out. Euthrophication (nutrient enrichment) is establish a new scheme has been made to the one of the major processes by which this happens. Department of the Environment.

The designated areas require protection as, Table 3: Regional Water Supply Schemes for County Waterford They contain valuable habitats where organisms (some of them rare) live in a relatively natural state. Scheme Present Status They are, in most cases, proposed Natural Heritage East Waterford Regional Areas and other categories (Special Protection Areas or proposed candidate Special Areas of Supply Scheme Ongoing Conservation) which are or will be protected under West Waterford Regional national legislation. Supply Scheme Under investigation They often contain aquifers of regional importance that are vulnerable to groundwater pollution. Development in such areas has the potential to The Council will continue to invest in the maintenance of cause major visual change in the landscape. existing public water schemes in the County over the next plan period. This investment will largely consist of Full details and maps of these areas can be found in sources and mains improvement of existing public water Appendix 2 of this Development Plan . supplies. The priorities of the Council in this regard are listed in Appendix 3. HABITAT PROTECTION It is the policy of the Council to conserve the extent and variety of habitats in the interests of protecting the level 2.4.2.2 Sewage Treatment of biodiversity in County Waterford using the relevant Sewage treatment and disposal are major issues of national legislation. concern in County Waterford. The needs of the County with respect to waste water and sewage treatment vary It is the objective of the Council to maintain or according to each location, with the schemes in many increase the number of designated areas within the settlements in need of modernisation and County over the plan period. improvement. Some settlements require new schemes It is an objective of the Council to control to deal with sewage disposal.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 23 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

The provision of sewerage and water services is largely period. In the interim, the Council is committed to the dependent on funding being available at local maintenance and efficient operation of the existing government level. At present, there are two major water supply and sewage disposal and treatment investment schemes in sewage treatment for County schemes. Waterford being considered by the Dept. of the Environment and Local Government. The proposed locations for these treatment plants are Dungarvan and 2.4.2.3 Waste Management Tramore. Both of these schemes are expected to be The Council, in conjunction with Waterford Corporation, completed over the plan period. completed a Joint Waste Management Strategy in 1997 and adopted statutory Waste Management Plans in Although a large number of other areas and schemes January 1998. The strategy concluded that landfill was are without adequate waste water and treatment the most suitable and viable disposal option for facilities, these have yet to be considered by the Waterford, having regard to the relatively low volumes Department. The table below details the priorities of the of waste generated annually. The Strategy contained a Council with respect to the provision of sewage range of policies aimed at minimising and reducing the treatment facilities over the plan period. It also indicates waste volumes arising through a range of re-use and the present status of these schemes with respect to recycling measures. A network of 16 ‘bring to’ Recycling research, design and funding. Centres and Civic Amenity sites are being installed throughout the County. The capital cost of Table 4: Proposed Sewage Treatment Schemes in Towns of implementing the Joint Management Strategy is County Waterford estimated at £19 million with capitalised operating costs of £44 million over the next 25 years.

Scheme Present Status Conscious of the requirement to reduce waste volumes Dungarvan Awaiting Funding and dispose of waste by alternatives to landfill in the Tramore Awaiting Funding future, in accordance with the EU Waste Hierarchy, the Ardmore A Scheme has been submitted for Council is participating in the South East Regional approval. Strategy Study. Tallow A Revised Design has been requested by the Dept. The spiralling cost of providing waste management and Cheekpoint Design Prepared, but has not been disposal infrastructure is an area that the Council will approved by the Dept. consider for Private Finance Partnership Initiatives, Kilmacthomas No Design Prepared supported by E.U. funding. While the ‘Polluter Pays’ Dunmore East No Design Prepared principle is accepted in respect of ongoing disposal costs, Cappoquin No Design Prepared the provision of waste infrastructure should be treated similarly to other economic infrastructure, such as waste water treatment plants. In this regard, limited grant assistance is already provided for recycling and this All of the above require major financial investment, with programme should be expanded and accelerated in the each scheme costing a minimum of £300,000. This new National Development Plan and Community implies that the Council is totally dependent on grant Support Framework. funding from the Department of the Environment and Local Government. WASTE MANAGEMENT Table 5: Proposed Sewage Treatment Schemes for Smaller It is the policy of the Council to implement the Settlements in County Waterford Waterford County Council Waste Management Plan.

OBJECTIVE Scheme Present Status Stradbally Improvement Scheme approved It is an objective of the Council to launch a public under the Small Schemes education programme highlighting the importance of Programme. recycling and waste reduction. Ballyduff Upper No Design Prepared Dunmore East No Design Prepared It is also an objective of the Council to provide waste Cappoquin No Design Prepared disposal facilities in accordance with the Waterford County Council Waste Management Plan, 1997 – 2002.

[Si] The Council is committed to a reduction in the Investment in sewage treatment schemes in the smaller total volume of waste produced in County Waterford settlements is undertaken by the Council using funding over the next plan period. This will be achieved by the that is made available by the Department of the installation of recycling facilities and by an education Environment and Local Government under the Small programme encouraging recycling and composting Schemes grant. waste.

WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE The Council will seek funding from central government to undertake necessary improvements over the plan

24 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

2.4.2.4 Alternative /Renewable Energy Portlaw, Tallow and Tramore. New stations have been Alternative and renewable forms of energy are fast built in Cappoquin, Dungarvan and Dunmore East. emerging as more sustainable sources of energy in terms of economic and environmental efficiency. It is the policy The County Council is committed to the upgrading and of the council to support the development of alternative replacement of all fire stations and to the replacement forms of energy where such developments are in and provision of new equipment and vehicles as the accordance with the proper planning and land use need arises. evaluation of an area. Such development shall be integrated with other major land uses – especially 2.4.2.5 Burial Grounds tourism or forestry. It shall be a requirement that all It is the policy of the Council to continue to undertake developers shall comply with such national guidelines as development of burial grounds on sites provided by the may be issued from time to time. Parish Authorities and to hand over developed sites to the Parishes for administration and maintenance. 2.4.2.4 Fire service The County Council has established and maintained fire A number of new burial grounds and expansions of brigades in the following towns – Dungarvan, Ardmore, existing ones may be required within the plan period. Cappoquin, Dunmore East, Kilmacthomas, Lismore,

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 25 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

2.5 Management of the Landscape difficulties for machinery or access – such as river corridors or unevenly drained lands – though it is likely 2.5.1 General Approach that increasingly larger tracts of lowland mixed forestry LANDSCAPE will occur during the lifetime of this Development Plan. The landscape of the County is the visible result of the interaction of human landuses and natural factors for Large and small-scale wind energy projects will continue almost 8,000 years. to be proposed along elevated sea-facing coasts as well as on elevated inland areas (above 300m level). It is likely The landscape is valued at a number of levels because of that there will also be a trend towards single turbines or its role in creating and sustaining such varied strands of small groups (2-4) located on, or shared between, farms local identity, such as culture, myths and placenames. It (as is becoming more common in Denmark). sustains agriculture, forestry, mineral extraction and is the location of homes and communities while providing Telecommunications infrastructure will continue to the routes and corridors for vital infrastructure. develop and seek to occupy , which typically occurs in visually sensitive areas. CHANGING LANDSCAPES Tourism Development Projects - in particular housing on In accepting that the appearances of the landscape and adjacent to the coast and major rivers. The housing arises from the historical combinations of landuses and is likely to be for both new rural one-off residences and natural factors it becomes possible to accept that the increasing clusters and ‘villages’ often in association with landscape has always changed and will continue to facilities such as hotels, golf courses and outdoor pursuits gradually change in response to society’s changing needs or sporting activities such as horse riding, fishing and and uses. sailing.

The principles and policies for the orderly planning and Rural Enterprise in response to the need to diversify development of the landscape of County Waterford are sources of income in traditional farming areas, is likely to proposed in the context of the twin needs of facilitating generate demands for new commercially scaled development by current and future generations while buildings, often associated with new and / or intensified also ensuring orderly transitions from our inherited agriculture or horticulture practices such as growing and landscapes towards the landscape of the early twenty processing fruit, flowers, herbs and rearing small stock. first century. PRINCIPLES Specific Objective: While the accompanying Landscape Protection Strategy The objective of the Landscape strategy will be to (Appendix 4) describes the inherent characteristics in accommodate a wide a range of new and detail, it remains necessary to highlight that expanding landuses (such as wind-farms, forestry development control will need to be informed by a core and tourism developments) while ensuring that no of clear landscape policies namely:- single landuse type or development creates disproportionate effect on the character of the To Minimize Contrast environs. All new development and landuses should seek to minimise abrupt transitions or high levels of contrast Full details of the Landscape Protection Strategy can be with the existing character and appearance of the site found in Appendix 4 of this Development Plan. and its wider environs.

DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES To Avoid Dominance While the Landscape Protection Strategy (Appendix 4) Visual dominance of any development or landuse describes the inherent sensitivities and robustness of should be directly proportionate to its public utility, various areas of the County, it should be noted that the subject to the principal that only in the most exceptional pressures for change are not likely to be uniformly circumstances should any development or landuse have distributed. In addition to the normal pressures of new a monopolising effect upon the appearance or character housing and agricultural modernisation, the following of the landscape. examples of the area-specific types of landscape pressure should be noted:-

Continuing afforestation both on upland areas and also increasingly on lowland mineral soils. The latter will initially be on steeper soils and other areas which present

26 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

To Ensure Continuity 2. Developments or landuses that cause a significant It is accepted that a changing and developing society loss to the continuity of the character of an area. must, of necessity, result in a changed landscape, but it is also important that such changes must be gradual and 3. Developments that contrast excessively (by virtue of orderly so that an area’s continuity of character and height, location, scale, colour or character) with the identity is never disproportionately disrupted. established appearance of an area.

To Nurture Distinctiveness [Si] Relevant sustainable indicators have been set out under Section 2.3.1. County Waterford has a highly distinctive character – much of which arises from the close proximity to one Built Environment another of areas of different and distinctive character. New developments and landuses should strive to ensure As part of the preparation process of this Development that standardised or uniform forms, materials or designs Plan, a comprehensive assessment of the built are minimised in favour of those which have a clear environment of County Waterford was undertaken. connection to the existing cultural and natural character of the development area. PROTECTION OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT It is the policy of the Council to protect all the features of It is the policy of the Council, when considering archæological, historical, architectural or artistic interest development proposals, to have regard to the principles in County Waterford that have been identified in this set out in this section, the landscape protection maps inventory. The Council recognises that these features are and issues set out in Section 4. examples of local culture and tradition and a source of local identity as they serve as links with the past. The accompanying Landscape Protection Strategy (Appendix 4) provides detailed and highly site – specific It is the policy of the Council to adopt a partnership guidance on the suitability of certain areas for a wide approach to the renovation and improvement of listed range of developments and landuses. buildings and structures by offering support and advice to property owners in order to preserve and / or adapt In particular, the application of the recommendations historical buildings to modern functions. contained in that strategy will be guided by the following policies:- Objectives Criteria for Decisions The Council will seek to retain and preserve all the structures that are listed in this Development Plan. Decisions to permit development will be significantly determined by the inherent natural The Council will also work with property owners to characteristics of the site or area. find alternative appropriate uses for listed buildings that are or become vacant. Decisions to permit development in sensitive locations will be influenced by the quality of design A complete inventory of all the historical, architectural applied in such locations. and artistic structures in County Waterford has been included in Appendix 5 of this Development Plan. The To Be Encouraged: record of monuments and places* (as established under 1. Developments or landuses that increase the section 12 of the National Monuments (Amendment) diversity of the places, times and types of activities Act 1994) in County Waterford is available from the which take place in the landscape– subject to Planning department of Waterford County Council. avoiding conflicts of uses. 2. Developments or landuses that are based upon *As issued by The Commissioners of Public Works in resources that are specific to the locality - minerals, Ireland, National Monuments and Historic Properties soils, energy potential, water quality – subject to the Services 1995. principles and policies outlined elsewhere. [Si] The Council will ensure, within the limits of 3. The renewal, intensification and maintenance of relevant legislation, that no listed buildings in sound established developments, landuses and activities – structural condition will be replaced with new buildings, subject to the sensitivity of the existing natural and if, in the opinion of the Council, the listed building can cultural environment. be adapted to suit an economic use. The demolition of older buildings without good reason is contrary to the 4. Developments or landuses which integrate with or principles of sustainable development. which increase the efficiency of the use of established activities – subject to the principles and policies outlined elsewhere.

To Be Discouraged 1. Developments which unduly impinge upon or disrupt natural linear features – such as skylines, coastlines, river banks.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 27 Chapter 2: Sustainable Development Strategy

National Monuments 2.5.3 Coastal Areas The monuments of National Importance in County For the purpose of this section, the coastal areas may Waterford are listed in the Archaeological Survey of generally be regarded as being those areas within the Ireland. The locations of these monuments can be found first seaward watershed (see map 3.2.5) – this generally in the map in Appendix 2. A complete inventory of the contains the principal areas which are strongly visually National monuments (including a large scale map) is connected to the sea and which are also likely to be available for inspection in the Planning Dept. of visible from the shore. With the notable exception of the Waterford County Council. areas around Tramore Bay and Dungarvan Harbour, these zones are quite small (seldom extending inland for National Monuments are protected under 1930, 1954, more than 3 – 5 kms). 1987 and 1994 National Monuments Act, 1994. Developments in coastal areas will be considered in the It is an obligation of the council, when considering context of their impact on the amenity of the area and development proposals, to have regard to the provisions in accordance with the Scenic Landscape Evaluation in of the National Monuments Acts 1930 – 1994 and to the Appendix 4. views and recommendations of the National Monuments Services of the Department of Arts, Holiday homes and tourism related developments are Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands. the principal developments that are likely to create pressure for change. Wind energy, mariculture and 2.5.2 Upland Areas coastal protection works are also likely to be a cause for Developments in upland areas will be considered in the concern from time to time. context of their impact on the amenity of the area and in accordance with the Scenic Landscape Evaluation in Tourism is likely to play an increasingly important role in Appendix 4. the County’s economy and Waterford is likely to follow the national trend of having up to 70 per cent of its Developments may be considered in appropriate areas tourism concentrated in coastal areas. In light of these where afforestation has taken place as such areas are considerations, the landscape strategy for the coast must often well suited to absorb development. The planting seek to accommodate two, apparently conflicting, of shelter belts for developments is advisable in both needs: coastal and upland areas. To protect the County’s most important and Forestry will continue to be the principal development valuable tourism resource from over - pressure in upland areas. Further development is likely development, to comprise consolidation and infill between existing forestry blocks and the avoidance of areas designated To ensure that coastal areas can be provided with for nature protection (S.A.C. ‘s and N.H.A.’s – listed in sufficient physical capacity to absorb and Appendix 2). accommodate tourism demands in a sustainable manner. As this alone is unlikely to result in a landscape which conforms with the principles and policies set out in The capacity of coastal areas to absorb tourism Section 2.5.1, there was a need for an area specific and development varies significantly over small distances. integrated indicative plan for forestry. Such a plan was commissioned by the Council and the Draft Indicative It should be noted that the Landscape Strategy does not Forestry Plan has been produced. have the scale of resolution to accurately identify opportunities for or constraints to development in many Integration will address more than the avoidance of of the coastal areas. environmental vulnerabilities. It shall include consideration of: Having regard to the likely pressure for new tourism development in the context of a vulnerable resource, Catchment management applications for development in the coastal zone may require a study of the impact of the development. Maintenance of rural communities Accommodation and consolidation of 2.5.4 Access to Recreational Areas and Rights of Way infrastructure, sites and routes The general policy of Waterford County Council is to Enhancement of scenic routes and walks preserve and manage access to recreational areas such as Consolidation and connection of wildlife the sea, coastline, upland and river banks in the interest habitats and corridors of the overall amenity of these areas. It is recognised that Upland developments such as wind energy, the sensitive eco-systems in some of these areas can be telecommunications facilities and mineral irreparably damaged by uncontrolled recreational development. pressure. In view of this, it is the policy of the council to assist in the proper management and conservation of these areas and to improve access to recreational areas The accommodation and provision for other potential that have the capacity for increased usage. It is also the upland developments such as wind energy, policy of the Council to protect existing rights of way and telecommunication facilities and mineral development where necessary to establish and maintain new ones. could all be incorporated into this plan.

28 1999 Waterford County Development Plan 3. Settlement Strategy

3.1 The Settlement Strategy for Waterford As many other settlements lack spare capacity in sanitary services, a significant percentage of the total growth of The principles underlying the proposed settlement households in East Waterford will be accommodated in strategy for the County have been set out in Section Tramore. The Development Strategy for Tramore can be 2.3.1. In Section 3.2 below, development strategies for found in the 1997 Tramore Development Plan. each of the proposed local service centres in the County - Portlaw, Kilmacthomas and Lismore, Cappoquin and Kilmacthomas Tallow, are set out, with accompanying zoning maps. This section also discusses policy with regard to The town of Kilmacthomas is an appropriate location for Waterford City Environs, Clonmel environs and a county service centre in County Waterford given its Dungarvan. strategic location close to the N.25 (15 miles from Dungarvan) and 15 miles from Waterford City. This Section 3.3 enumerates development strategies for each makes Kilmacthomas the most accessible town (using of 34 designated settlement nodes, with accompanying both public and private transport modes) in East zoning maps. Relevant development control policies for Waterford. residential development within these centres is found in Chapter 4. Kilmacthomas has a broad range of services available, which include, a supermarket, pharmacy, hardware In general, development within settlement nodes shop, two bank branches and a post office. It also has a without public sewers shall be subject to pre-planning fire station, a Garda station and a dispensary. The discussions on an overall development strategy for the community facilities in the town include a secondary land holding. school, a community hall and playing fields.

The objective of the Council is to encourage industrial development and improve infrastructure in the town. 3.2 County Service Centres The sanitary services infrastructure in Kilmacthomas While the West of County Waterford has experienced a requires upgrading and environmental and streetscape population loss, decreasing numbers of households and improvements are also required. The inclusion of low levels of urbanisation over the last plan period, East Kilmacthomas in the Urban and Village Renewal Waterford has enjoyed growth in all of these categories. Scheme and the installation of the town as a priority for This has also led to a series of challenges that have sanitary services investment, are designed to address influenced the formation of a settlement strategy for these issues. this part of the County. The establishment of Kilmacthomas as a county service It is proposed to establish the towns of Tramore, centre is particularly important in view of the level of Kilmacthomas and Portlaw as the selected county service Local Authority housing within the town and the centres in East Waterford. requirement to ensure that residents have access to a full range of basic services, including education and health. West Waterford has undergone considerable change in The development strategy (including map) for recent years. This part of the County has experienced a Kilmacthomas is covered in Section 3.3 of this loss of population, low levels of urbanisation and Development Plan. population leakage to the thriving towns of Carrick-on- Suir, Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir, Fermoy and Youghal and Portlaw Dungarvan. The largest towns of Lismore, Cappoquin Portlaw is a suitable location for additional residential and Tallow have all suffered a decline in population at a development, as it is located close to the N24, Waterford time of high economic growth. to Route.

The towns of Lismore, Cappoquin and Tallow have been chosen as county service centres for West Waterford. This will involve significant industrial, commercial and residential development in these towns over the plan period.

Tramore Tramore will continue to play a significant role in the settlement strategy of East Waterford over the next plan period and beyond. The Tramore sewerage scheme is currently awaiting funding and it is expected to be completed over the plan period. This will create significant spare capacity in sanitary services in Tramore.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 29 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

Portlaw has a wide service base. The range of services retail services and community facilities. There is also an available has improved in recent years and it is now industrial estate in the town, which has undergone more than sufficient to meet the needs of the local considerable expansion in recent years. population. It is the policy of the Council to ensure that the The town has adequate sanitary services. It has a modern employment function of Tallow is expanded over the sewage treatment system with considerable spare plan period. This will require additional investment in capacity. It is proposed to upgrade the water supply to road infrastructure and in sanitary services (see the town by connecting the system to the East Appendices 1 & 3). The development strategy for Tallow Waterford Regional Water Supply Scheme. It is Council (including map) is outlined in Section 3.3 of this policy to optimise their returns from this infrastructure Development Plan. by encouraging an increase in residential and commercial development in the town. It is proposed to Waterford City Environs further upgrade the road network and the water supply of the town (see Appendices 1 and 3). There are also Waterford City has been the most significant influence plans to undertake improvements under the Urban and on the growth and development of East Waterford over Village Renewal Scheme over the plan period. The the last plan period and this will continue to be the case. proximity of Portlaw to Waterford City, Carrick-on-Suir Plans by the I.D.A. for an expanded enterprise park in and Kilmacthomas provides opportunities to establish the City environs will have an impact on employment in public transport routes between these locations. both City and County and settlement patterns will be affected as a result. Given the rich history and heritage of Portlaw, the Council intends to examine the possibility of establishing It is the policy of the Council to ensure a clear a tourism industry in the town. This will be achieved by demarcation of the City edge by controlling new working closely with statutory and voluntary interests to developments within two to three miles of the proposed develop the necessary facilities and by marketing Waterford City Ring road. At present, development is Portlaw as a tourist destination. The development being resisted on the grounds that the necessary strategy for Portlaw is detailed in the 1996 Portlaw infrastructure is not in place. Every attempt will be made Development Plan. to comply with the recommendations of the Waterford City and Environs Strategy Framework Plan, which is Lismore currently being prepared. A continuation of the policy restricting new development within the two to three Lismore is a suitable location for major residential mile zone is anticipated. development. It is the fifth largest town in the County and has the potential to establish itself as a thriving The development strategy for Waterford City Environs is town to rival the neighbouring towns of Youghal and illustrated on Map 3.2.1 in this Development Plan. The Fermoy. Lismore has a modern sewage treatment plant, area that is designated A shall provide for the further with considerable spare capacity. The development development of agriculture and provide for a clear strategy for Lismore is covered in the 1996 Lismore physical demarcation to the adjoining urban area. Development Plan. It is the policy of the Council to ensure that all new Cappoquin dwellings in the A land use zone provide for the personal habitation of existing landowners and their Cappoquin has also been chosen as a county service immediate families only. centre for West Waterford. It has a wide service base and a range of community facilities. It also has an industrial estate, which provides valuable employment to Waterford Regional Airport Cappoquin and the surrounding area. The town is All development will be restricted in close proximity to strategically located on the National Secondary Route Waterford Regional Airport. The control zone for the (N.72) connecting Mallow and Fermoy in County Cork to Airport is indicated on Map 3.2.2. Dungarvan. Dungarvan The sanitary services infrastructure in Cappoquin requires investment as the sewage disposal system is It is an objective of the Council to stimulate significant approaching capacity. It is anticipated that the water industrial and retail development in Dungarvan to make supply and sewage disposal system will be upgraded it the focus of the County. It is the most appropriate over the plan period. The development strategy for location for this form of land use as it has: Cappoquin (including map) can be found in Section 3.3 of this Development Plan. The largest population, A comprehensive range of retail services, Tallow An established industrial base, The town is located close to the N.72 (Mallow- Education services. Dungarvan) National Secondary Route and relatively It is also located on the N25 and is presently seeking close to the N.25 (Rosslare – Cork) and the N.8 (Dublin- central government funding for major investment in Cork) National Primary Routes. Tallow is located close to sanitary services infrastructure, urban renewal and the Cork / Waterford border and has a wide range of harbour improvement.

30 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

The development strategy for the Dungarvan Environs is Remainder of the County illustrated in Map 3.2.3 of this Development Plan. The The settlement strategy for the rest of the County will area that is designated A2 shall protect and improve also involve the encouragement of development in the rural amenity and provide for the further development existing settlement nodes that have been identified. of agriculture. This policy will maintain and enhance the vitality of these settlements while dealing with the problem of Clonmel Environs ribbon development. However, it will require major The area of County Waterford adjoining the southern investment in sanitary services infrastructure as many of environs of Clonmel has come under considerable these settlement nodes have sub standard sewage pressure for development over the last plan period. disposal systems and water supplies. This policy will also However, the elevated nature of this land combined help consolidate the social infrastructure in these villages with inadequate infrastructure made this land and improve the quality of life for local people and for unsuitable for significant development. In order to those that live in the surrounding areas. accommodate demand arising from Clonmel, a new settlement node has been created at Kilmanahan and The settlement strategy provides for the zoning of additional land has been zoned for residential additional land for development in the selected development in the nearby settlements of development nodes. This will guarantee the availability Ballymacarbery. Details of these settlement nodes can be of land for housing in these areas over the next plan found in Section 3.3 of this Development Plan. period and help to reduce the demand for single houses in scenic areas. This settlement strategy will be The development strategy for the Clonmel Environs is accompanied by controls on the location of housing in illustrated on Map 3.2.4. The area that is designated A these areas for the following important reasons: shall provide for the further development of agriculture and provide for a clear physical demarcation to the 1. They have been identified in the landscape adjoining urban area. It is the policy of the Council to evaluation as sensitive areas that have a distinctive, ensure that all new dwellings in the A land use zone homogenous character dominated by natural provide for the personal habitation of existing processes. Development in these areas would have landowners and their immediate families only. the potential to create impacts on the appearance and character of an extensive part of the landscape. The Coastal Zone 2. They contain (with the exception of Drumhills and The designated settlement nodes that are located in the ) Natural Heritage relative proximity to Waterford City in the scenic coastal Areas where plants and animals exist in relatively locations of Cheekpoint, Passage East, Crooke and natural state (p. 15, Evaluation of Environmental Dunmore East have all experienced major growth in Designations in Ireland: The Heritage Council, 1997). recent years. Although, there is available land for further development in these locations, substantial investment is 3. They have been identified as containing aquifers of needed in sanitary services before any additional regional importance that are extremely vulnerable significant development can take place. Limited to groundwater pollution. additional development will be accepted into these settlement nodes (with the exception of Passage East) An important element of the settlement strategy is the over the period of this plan, within the development designation of a number of new settlement nodes in boundaries indicated in Section 3.3 of this Development close proximity to the towns of Carrick-on-Suir and Plan. Youghal. Both of these towns have experienced growth in recent years and this has led to an increase in the In general, development on the Coastal Road between number of planning applications for single dwellings in Tramore and Dungarvan will be confined to existing their environs in County Waterford. In response to this settlements. The only exception will be in the case of a demand, a new settlement node has been created at local landowner building for himself / herself or his / her Piltown (to cater for the growth of Youghal) and immediate family. As a result, investment in the sanitary additional land has been zoned for development at services network will be confined to maintenance work Rathgormack and Clonea-Power. Details of the rather than upgrading of existing facilities. However, the development strategies (including maps) can be found settlement of Annestown has a small amount of land in Section 3.3 of this Development Plan. This policy is a available for development, which should cater for planned response to increased pressures for demand over the next plan period. Coastal locations, for development in these areas. example , which are valuable amenity areas, will be protected from further development.

New development in the coastal zone must be in accordance with the Scenic Landscape Evaluation (see Appendix 4). The coastal zone is indicated in Map 3.2.5. More detailed maps of the coastal zone are available in the Planning Department of Waterford County Council.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 31 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3 Development Nodes public sewerage scheme with spare capacity, although the pumps need to be upgraded. This section deals with the policies for the individual settlements in County Waterford and the objectives for Development Strategy development in each case. Existing development in Aglish is linear and it is scattered 3.3.1 Aglish over 5 different road junctions. The development Location strategy is designed to draw the different strands of development together in order to establish a firm The small village of Aglish is located approximately 1 nucleus for the village. mile from Villierstown and approximately 13 miles from Dungarvan. The development boundary is indicated on map 3.3.1. There are relatively large amounts of land available Services within the proposed development boundary to cater for Aglish has an adequate service and community base. new development.

Infrastructure Given the existing form of development, residential dwellings at low level densities will be acceptable in this Aglish has a public water supply. The village also has a location.

32 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 33 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.2 Annestown the east is restricted due to the topography of the lands Location sloping downwards. Additional development to the west will not be permitted as this stretch of road forms The coastal village of Annestown is located part of the scenic coastal touring road. approximately 14 miles from Dungarvan on the Dungarvan – Tramore Coast Road. There are a small number of areas within the development boundary to the north of the town that Services are suitable for residential development (see Map 3.3.2). The small village of Annestown has a narrow service Although, these areas could only cater for a small base. Community facilities are also very limited. number of one off houses, they should be sufficient to meet demand resulting from natural increase in the Infrastructure village.

The water supply of Annestown has improved since its Any development in this location will have to avoid connection to the Kill public water main and there is visual intrusion in this coastal area and satisfy the considerable spare capacity. It also has a basic public requirements of the Council with respect to drainage sewerage system. and access.

Development Strategy Existing development in the village of Annestown is clustered around the Church. Further development to

34 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy R OS

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 35 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.3 Ardmore coastal location and local architecture of Ardmore give Location the village an attractive appearance, the village centre (in front of the Church) would benefit from redefinition The coastal village of Ardmore is located approximately and streetscape improvements. In addition, there are a 14 miles from Dungarvan and 10 miles from Youghal in number of derelict and vacant sites located within the County Cork. It had a population of 436 persons in 1996, development boundary that should be addressed over a rise of 61 persons since 1991. the next plan period. Ideally, development should be channelled into these sites before any of the greenfield Services sites that are zoned for development in the town are The village of Ardmore is a major “based” holiday taken up. centre and the range of services available is a reflection of this function. The community facilities of the town are The 1992 Development Plan provided for considerable adequate. expansion of Ardmore to the north of the village.

Infrastructure The elevated area to the south of Ardmore (See Map 3.3.3) zoned R is being rezoned for residential use to The water supply for Ardmore is adequate to meet the ensure that the parcels of land presently zoned can be existing needs of the local population. However, the accessed by the public road. However, the elevated public sewerage system is experiencing capacity location of this land means that proposals for housing problems and a new treatment scheme is required. will be carefully considered as restrictions on density, height and design may be necessary. Development Strategy The coastal village of Ardmore consists of a cluster of Further development at Curragh, which is development around the pier and the surrounding approximately 1 mile north of Ardmore should be coastline. Most of the development that has taken place restricted in the future as additional dwellings in this in Ardmore is located close to the coast. Although, the location could restrict the further growth of Ardmore.

36 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 37 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.4 Ballinroad exists in the sewage treatment system of Ballinroad, Location indepth development will be encouraged in this location. In order to achieve this objective, the planning Ballinroad is located approximately 2 miles north of authority will resist development pressures on Dungarvan. It had a population of 253 in 1996, a rise of designated access points. Continuous frontage 18 persons since 1991. development can leave large backland areas undeveloped and this results in land and infrastucture Services being underutilised. The service base in Ballinroad remains limited. Commercial development is expected to take place over The Council will encourage the development of the the next plan period. zoned lands in Ballinroad on a phased basis, to ensure that future development does not take place in a Infrastructure sporadic manner. The areas zoned R close to Ballinroad crossroads should be developed before any of the other This area was originally designated as a settlement node zoned lands. Additional development in the central area to accommodate the needs of persons who wished to of Ballinroad will consolidate the settlement and live close to Dungarvan. Sanitary services were provided encourage the establishment of basic retail services. It is to allow this development to take place. However, unlikely that demand for housing in this area will require although a reasonable number of people chose to live in quantities of land in excess of the total area in R over the Ballinroad, a considerable amount of serviced land next plan period. remains undeveloped. Planning permission should not be given for dwellings Development Strategy with individual septic tank drainage systems in this area. At present, much of the existing development is Such drainage arrangements are clearly unsuitable to piecemeal in nature and the settlement lacks a central Ballinroad as, nucleus. This has a negative effect as there is no character or definition in Ballinroad. The area zoned there is an existing drainage system in place, Primarily Residential in Ballinroad (see Map 3.3.4) allows for the provision of basic services for the surrounding there is a relatively high density of existing septic population. tanks in the wider area, It is the policy of Waterford County Council to ensure the the catchment has been identified as containing an optimum use of existing sanitary services infrastructure aquifer of regional importance which is extremely in Ballinroad. In order to avail of the spare capacity that vulnerable to groundwater contamination.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 39 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.5 Ballyduff (East of the County) Development Strategy Location The development strategy of Ballyduff is illustrated in The village of Ballyduff is located in the East of the Map 3.3.5. All land within the development boundary County, 22 miles from Dungarvan. has been zoned for primarily residential use, with consideration being given for any developments or uses Services that will enhance or preserve the village centre.

The service base of Ballyduff is quite limited. Community A small amount of development land is available to the facilities are sufficient to meet the needs of the existing south and north east of the village as indicated. There population. are also limited development opportunities to the north west, adjacent to the school. The design, density and Infrastructure scale of new residential units should be consistent with The public water supply of Ballyduff is adequate for existing dwellings. current demands. At present, there is no public sewerage scheme in the village.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 41 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.6 Ballyduff (West of the County) and R2 on Map 3.3.6 (a)). However, none of this land is Location suitable for significant development due to the difficult terrain of the area. Applications for planning permission The village of Ballyduff is located approximately 18 miles in this location will be considered on their merits. west of Dungarvan. It is a picturesque village that is Applicants are advised that pre-application discussions located in relatively steep terrain. should take place as additional information (such as levels etc) will normally be required for applications for Services housing in this area. Any development in this location Ballyduff has a sufficient range of services to meet the will also be required to connect up to the existing public needs of the local population. sewer as the groundwater in Ballyduff was identified as being vulnerable to pollution. Infrastructure Development will not be permitted in the areas There is an existing public sewer in Ballyduff, however, immediately outside the development boundary on treatment is presently inadequate. Additional Map 3.3.6 (a). Any development in these locations connections are also problematic due to the terrain of would be highly unlikely to satisfy access and drainage much of the undeveloped land. A new treatment system requirements, as well as being visually intrusive. Some of is needed. these areas also suffer from periodic flooding.

Development Strategy All new development within the development At present, development in Ballyduff is clustered in the boundary must be connected up to the existing public Upper Village and across the river Blackwater in the sewer. Lower Village, which is the smaller of the two settlements. Although Ballyduff has experienced only Development at Ballyduff south of the village is more modest development in recent years, further problematic due to a number of factors. Namely, the development is restricted due to the natural boundary elevation of available lands and the difficulty of around Ballyduff. providing sanitary services in these areas. Opportunities for development have been identified on land to the There are opportunities for residential development in north of the school (as indicated on Map 3.3.6 (b)). the area to the north and east of the village (indicated R

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 43 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

Ballyduff (South of the Village) and R2 on Map 3.3.6 (a)). However, none of this land is suitable for significant development due to the difficult Location terrain of the area. Applications for planning permission in this location will be considered on their merits. The village of Ballyduff is located approximately 18 miles Applicants are advised that pre-application discussions west of Dungarvan. It is a picturesque village that is should take place as additional information (such as located in relatively steep terrain. levels etc) will normally be required for applications for housing in this area. Any development in this location Services will also be required to connect up to the existing public Ballyduff has a sufficient range of services to meet the sewer as the groundwater in Ballyduff was identified as needs of the local population. being vulnerable to pollution.

Infrastructure Development will not be permitted in the areas immediately outside the development boundary on There is an existing public sewer in Ballyduff, however, Map 3.3.6 (a). Any development in these locations treatment is presently inadequate. Additional would be highly unlikely to satisfy access and drainage connections are also problematic due to the terrain of requirements, as well as being visually intrusive. Some of much of the undeveloped land. A new treatment system these areas also suffer from periodic flooding. is needed. All new development within the development Development Strategy boundary must be connected up to the existing public At present, development in Ballyduff is clustered in the sewer. Upper Village and across the river Blackwater in the Lower Village, which is the smaller of the two Development at Ballyduff south of the village is more settlements. Although Ballyduff has experienced only problematic due to a number of factors. Namely, the modest development in recent years, further elevation of available lands and the difficulty of development is restricted due to the natural boundary providing sanitary services in these areas. Opportunities around Ballyduff. for development have been identified on land to the north of the school (as indicated on Map 3.3.6 (b)). There are opportunities for residential development in the area to the north and east of the village (indicated R

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 45 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.7 Ballylaneen boundary (see Map 3.3.7) illustrates a number of Location opportunities for new residential development in the village. The village of Ballylaneen is located approximately 12 miles from Waterford City and 18 miles from It is the policy of the Planning Authority to promote the Dungarvan. integrated development of the zoned area utilising a single sewage treatment system. Notwithstanding this, Services the Council acknowledges the absence of a public sewer The service base of Ballylaneen is limited. and the rural character of the village. For this reason, a flexible approach will be adopted to new residential Infrastructure development in this location.

The water supply in Ballylaneen is adequate to meet All planning proposals for the area will need to satisfy existing needs. There is no public sewerage system in the requirements with respect to access to the public road village. network and drainage.

Development Structure The zoned land will be more than adequate to meet the Existing development in Ballylaneen is clustered around demand for housing in Ballylaneen over the next plan the junction of two county roads. The development period

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 47 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.8 Bawnfune Infrastructure Location The settlement is serviced by a small public sewerage The small settlement of Bawnfune is located system. Bawnfune is also connected to the public water approximately 3 miles from Waterford. main.

Services Development Strategy At present, Bawnfune has no service base or community The development strategy for Bawnfune is indicated on facilities. Map 3.3.8

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 49 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.9 Ballymacarbery is confined to the southern half of the village. These Location lands are suitable for development as they can be connected to the public sewer and safe access exists onto Ballymacarbery is a relatively small settlement that is the public road network. It is the policy of the Planning located on the Dungarvan – Clonmel Road (R672), Authority to ensure that the form and density of approximately 11 miles from Clonmel and 14 miles from housing on these lands will be consistent with that of Dungarvan. The village acts as a service centre for the existing development in order to preserve the residential surrounding rural area. character of the area.

Services The location of new dwellings on lands outside the There are sufficient retail services and community development boundary will be discouraged. facilities in the village. Development in these areas would give rise to the normal problems of traffic hazard, visual intrusion and Industry groundwater pollution as well as restricting the orderly development of the village. Groundwater pollution The most important industry in Ballymacarbery is from septic tank effluent is a distinct possibility as the Pinewood Laboratories which is a significant employer area has been identified as possessing a locally for the village and the surrounding rural area. important aquifer of extreme / high vulnerability.

Infrastructure Undeveloped lands surrounding Pinewood Laboratories Ballymacarbery has an adequate water supply and a to the north of the village will be preserved for open sewage disposal system with spare capacity. However, space. despite these features, the village has not developed to its full potential. The location of Ballymacarbery at the entrance to the Nire Valley is likely to influence the future development Development Strategy of the village. It is envisaged that tourism will become increasingly important to Ballymacarbery and Waterford The existing linear form of development in County Council will endeavour to support the work of Ballymacarbery opens up the possibility of a number of the relevant agencies and local community groups in opportunities for more indepth development within the establishing tourism in the village. speed limit area (see Map 3.3.9).

More indepth development is both desirable and practical in Ballymacarbery as possible development land

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 51 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.10 Bunmahon / Knockmahon There are very few development opportunities left in Location Bunmahon. Residential development of modest scale and appropriate design will be permitted to the west of Bunmahon is located approximately 10 miles from the village (as indicated on Map 3.3.10 (a)). Minor Dungarvan on the Dungarvan – Tramore Coast Road. residential development will also be permitted to the west of the village of Bunmahon along the coast road as Services indicated. However, as this is a sensitive coastal location, The service base and community facilities of Bunmahon proposals must satisfy the requirements of the Planning / Knockmahon are sufficient to cater for the needs of the Authority relating to design, access and drainage. local population. The low lying area between Bunmahon and Infrastructure Knockmahon is largely unsuitable for development as it is susceptible to flooding. The water supply in Bunmahon and Knockmahon is an extension of the Kill public water supply and there is Knockmahon: Development Strategy considerable spare capacity in the system. There is also a basic septic tank drainage system in operation in the Similar constraints to development can be found in village. Knockmahon (see Map 3.3.10 (b)). Planning proposals within the development boundary of this settlement will Bunmahon: Development Strategy be considered on their merits and the availability of adequate sewage disposal facilities. Existing development is in two clusters, one of which forms the village of Bunmahon and the second of which The village of Bunmahon / Knockmahon has limited forms Knockmahon. The urban form of both capacity for further development. settlements is a reflection of the location of the two villages.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 53 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

Knockmahon There are very few development opportunities left in Bunmahon. Residential development of modest scale Location and appropriate design will be permitted to the west of the village (as indicated on Map 3.3.10 (a)). Minor Bunmahon is located approximately 10 miles from residential development will also be permitted to the Dungarvan on the Dungarvan – Tramore Coast Road. west of the village of Bunmahon along the coast road as indicated. However, as this is a sensitive coastal location, Services proposals must satisfy the requirements of the Planning The service base and community facilities of Bunmahon Authority relating to design, access and drainage. / Knockmahon are sufficient to cater for the needs of the local population. The low lying area between Bunmahon and Knockmahon is largely unsuitable for development as it Infrastructure is susceptible to flooding. The water supply in Bunmahon and Knockmahon is an Knockmahon: Development Strategy extension of the Kill public water supply and there is considerable spare capacity in the system. There is also a Similar constraints to development can be found in basic septic tank drainage system in operation in the Knockmahon (see Map 3.3.10 (b)). Planning proposals village. within the development boundary of this settlement will be considered on their merits and the availability of Bunmahon: Development Strategy adequate sewage disposal facilities. Existing development is in two clusters, one of which The village of Bunmahon / Knockmahon has limited forms the village of Bunmahon and the second of which capacity for further development. forms Knockmahon. The urban form of both settlements is a reflection of the location of the two villages.

54 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy R OS

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 55 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.11 Cappoquin At present, there is a relatively large amount of land Location zoned for residential use to the north and south of Melleray Road (see Map 3.3.11). The land to the north of The town of Cappoquin is one of the largest settlements Melleray Road is suitable for residential development as in West Waterford. It is located approximately 12 miles it is easily accessible from the existing public road from Dungarvan. In 1996, it had a population of 780 network and it can be easily connected to the public persons, which was a decline of 5.9% (49 persons) on the sewer. population in 1991 of 829. In order to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of Services land available for housing, residential development will There is a broad range of services and community be allowed to take place on the lands adjoining facilities available in the town. The area is also rich in Richmond House to the south of Cappoquin. These lands historical architecture and built heritage. are also accessible and serviceable by existing infrastructure. The Council will encourage the Infrastructure development of these lands at low densities that are consistent with an urban area with no more than two At present, the sanitary services in Cappoquin are access points onto the public road network. approaching full capacity. A new sewage treatment scheme is required in the town, preferably as a joint Residential development will also be permitted on the scheme with industrial users. This would allow an lands adjacent to the river on the opposite side of the expansion of industrial and residential land uses in the road. It is the policy of the Council to ensure that a town over the plan period. Like many other settlements minimum distance of 60 metres should be left between in County Waterford, Cappoquin is unsuitable for a high the proposed residential zone and the river. Housing in density of septic tanks as the area has been identified as this area will be at similar densities to those proposed for containing a regional aquifer of extreme to high the residential land adjoining Richmond House. vulnerability. It is the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure that Industry this land should be developed in phases as annual There are a number of industries located in the industrial demand for housing in Cappoquin is normally modest. estate that are important employers for the local people Developers are advised to submit plans that illustrate an of Cappoquin and the surrounding area. acceptance to provide housing on a phased basis (e.g 6- 8 dwellings per year). Development Strategy The urban form in Cappoquin is largely linear along Main Street. However, there are additional clusters of development to be found to the south west of the town close to the I.D.A. industrial estate.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 57 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.12 Cheekpoint required and applications must meet all requirements Location with respect to drainage and access.

The scenic village of Cheekpoint is located Low density development will also be permitted in the approximately 8 miles from Waterford City. The village area zoned for residential land use to the south west of has experienced significant growth over the last plan the village. A minimum site size of 0.2 hectares (0.5 acres) period. In 1996 it had a population of 320, an increase of will be required for development in this location. Once 22 persons since 1991. again, all proposals must meet the requirements of the Planning Authority with respect to drainage and access. Services The service base of the village is relatively broad. The The area in the centre of Cheekpoint will be reserved for community facilities that are available in Cheekpoint are open space as indicated. None of this land is suitable for also sufficient to meet the needs of a village of its size. development due to its terrain and the problem of vehicular access. Infrastructure There are a small number of sites available for low Sanitary services in Cheekpoint require upgrading. The density development to the west of the village inside the water supply and the public sewerage system require development boundary. Applicants should be advised upgrading. An application for funding for an improved that access and drainage of these sites is likely to be sewerage scheme has been lodged with the problematic due to the topography. Pre-application Department of the Environment and it is hoped that discussions should take place regarding proposals for finance will be made available over the period of this development in this location. plan. Indepth housing development will also be permitted in Development Strategy the area to the north of Cheekpoint in the area Despite the problems with sanitary services, a indicated R1 on Map 3.3.12. In order to facilitate this, a considerable amount of development has taken place in minimum of one access point onto the public road Cheekpoint in recent years. As a result, only a small network will be preserved. However, no development number of development opportunities remain inside should take place in this location until such time as the the development boundary (see Map 3.3.12). sanitary services has been sufficiently upgraded to accommodate it. Residential development will be permitted on the land within the development boundary to the south of Any applications for planning permission in areas that Cheekpoint as indicated. However, due to the are not mentioned in the above section but that lie topography, a very low density of development will be within the development boundary will be considered on their merits.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 59 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.13 Clashmore valley, is problematic due to the topography of the land. Location The development of a second cluster around the Church is a reflection of these physical constraints. Clashmore is located approximately 15 miles from Dungarvan and 8 miles from Youghal in County Cork. The development boundary for Clashmore that is illustrated on Map 3.3.13, allows for frontage linear Services development north of the old village. It is the policy of Clashmore has a good range of services and community the Planning Authority to ensure that any development facilities to cater for the needs of the local population in this location should be connected to the public sewer. and the surrounding area. An area to the east and an area to the west of the village Infrastructure have been zoned as open space. These areas, which are subject to periodic flooding, will preserve public access to Clashmore is serviced by an independent public water the river Licky. supply and it also has a limited public sewer. The area south of the village has also been zoned for Development Strategy residential development. Existing development in Clashmore is clustered around the site of the old Church and Clashmore Bridge. Further development of this cluster, which is located in a river

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 61 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.14 Clonea-Power Residential development will be permitted in the area Location north west of Clonea bridge (see Map 3.3.14). It is the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure that new Clonea Power is a small village located approximately 6 development in this area is connected up to the existing miles from Carrick-on-Suir-on-Suir and 19 miles from sewer. This area has already experienced development Dungarvan. and additional dwellings would not be visually obtrusive. The Council will encourage indepth Services development in these lands and ensure that access is not The attractive village of Clonea has a sufficient range of obstructed by roadside development. services to meet the needs of its small population. The existing community facilities are also adequate. It is expected that pressures for development will increase in Clonea-Power over the next plan period due Infrastructure to the proximity of Carrick-on-Suir. For this reason, it will be the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure that Clonea-Power has a public water supply that is adequate the majority of new dwellings should be located in to meet existing needs. The village also has a public Clonea village in the interests of orderly development in sewage treatment system. the area. The increase in residential zoned land in Clonea will also help to reduce further ‘leakage’ of population Development Strategy from the north west of County Waterford into South Development in Clonea - Power is linear and it is Tipperary. concentrated on both sides of Clonea Bridge.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 63 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.15 Crooke Infrastructure Location The sewerage network and treatment facility in Crooke The village of Crooke is located approximately 1 mile has a limited capacity. There are also problems with south of Passage East and 8 miles from Waterford City. water supply in the village. It is hoped that these problems can be resolved over the next plan period. Services Development Strategy The service base and community facilities of Crooke are limited as many of the services in nearby Passage East are At present, there are numerous opportunities for used by the population of Crooke. development available (see Map 3.3.15) that are hindered by the unavailability of proper sanitary services. Much of the land that was zoned in the last Plan for residential land use has yet to be developed.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 65 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.16 Dunhill Development Strategy Location This area is within commuting distance of Waterford City The village of Dunhill is located approximately 8 miles and it is possible that this function will expand over the from Waterford City. next plan period. Existing development is clustered around the two road junctions. Services The development boundary for Dunhill is illustrated on Dunhill is a small village with a narrow service base and Map 3.3.16. As the land in the village slopes down from adequate community facilities. west to east, most of the land zoned for residential development is located on the western side of the Infrastructure village. The water supply and sewage disposal system in Dunhill is adequate for the needs of the existing population. However, the basic sewage disposal system will require upgrading.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 67 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.17 Dunmore East Industry Location The harbour area of Dunmore East accommodates a The coastal town of Dunmore East is located number of operations that are related to the fishing approximately 8 miles from Waterford City. It is a small industry. Both the port and its related industries are an town with a population of 1430 persons, an increase of important source of employment in the area. Further 392 since 1991. development of the port is difficult due to the constraints on space. Services Development Strategy There is a relatively wide range of services available in Dunmore East. Community facilities are also available. There is sufficient land available in Dunmore East within the existing development boundary to cater for Infrastructure expected growth over the plan period (see Map 3.3.17).

There are a number of problems with sanitary services in A considerable amount of the land within the Dunmore East. The water supply and sewage treatment development boundary to the west of Dunmore East system both require upgrading. has been developed. Additional residential units will be permitted in this location provided that they are consistent with the size and scale of existing dwellings.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 69 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.18 Fenor Infrastructure Location Fenor has no public sewage disposal system or public The small village of Fenor is located on the Dungarvan – water supply. Tramore (R.675) coast road, approximately 20 miles from Dungarvan and 5 miles from Tramore. Development Strategy The development strategy for Fenor is indicated on Map Services 3.3.18. Further development opportunities in the village The service base of Fenor is limited. Community facilities are limited. Applications for new housing units within are sufficient to meet the needs of the existing the development boundary will be considered on their population. merits

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Primarily Residential and to Protect and Enhance the Special Physical and Social Character of Town and Village Centres and to Improve Infrastructure.

Open Space.

Development Boundary.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 71 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.19 Kill Infrastructure Location The public water supply system at Kill has considerable The village of Kill is located approximately 12 miles from spare capacity. The village also has a small sewage Waterford City. treatment system.

Services Development Strategy Kill has an adequate service base and adequate Existing development is clustered around the road community facilities to serve the needs of the local junction in Kill. Further development is possible to the population. North, East and South of the village, as indicated on Map 3.3.19

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 73 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.20 Kilmacthomas A cluster of industrial functions later developed in Location Kilmacthomas around Kilnagrange Bridge to the north and a smaller cluster developed around the convent to The town of Kilmacthomas is located approximately 15 the east. More recently, a school was constructed to the miles from Waterford City and approximately 13 miles south. However, the fragmented nature of the town has from Dungarvan. In 1996 it had a population of 681 led to the growth of some areas and the decline of persons –a decline of 13 since 1991. others.

Services The development strategy for Kilmacthomas is designed The town of Kilmacthomas is a service centre for its local to take account of the fragmented nature of population and the surrounding rural areas with development in the town and achieve a better adequate community facilities. integration of the different clusters or areas that have been identified. Industry The development boundary is illustrated on Map 3.3.20. There area has a small number of industries in The area to the north east of the railway station has Kilmacthomas which provide employment for the town been zoned for residential development. and the surrounding area. The area to the north of Kilmacthomas at Kilnagrange Infrastructure Bridge is zoned industrial and this will allow further The sanitary service infrastructure in Kilmacthomas expansion of this function in the area. requires upgrading. At present, the water supply and sewage disposal system for the town is only sufficient to The low-lying area between the west and east of the cater for the existing population. Thus, any significant town is zoned as open space. This will ensure that the development will require an upgrading of water and land will remain undeveloped and it will open up the sewage facilities. possibility of a recreational use being found.

Development Strategy There are large amounts of land available for development to the south west of the town, which are Kilmacthomas is located in a small river valley and this zoned for residential use. However, all development that has influenced the development of the town. Existing takes place in this location should be at a density development in Kilmacthomas is in two distinct clusters, consistent with an urban area and all dwellings should the largest of which is located on the west side of the be connected to the public sewer. None of these areas river valley, while the smaller is located on the east side are suitable for septic tank drainage. of the valley. Development has not been possible in the low-lying land between the two clusters due to the risk In addition to the zoned lands, there are numerous of flooding. opportunities for infill development in Kilmacthomas.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 75 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3..21 Kilmanahan Development Strategy Location Due to the persistence of the problem of ‘leakage’ of The small settlement of Kilmanahan is located on the population from West Waterford to Clonmel and South Dungarvan – Clonmel Road approximately 6 miles from Tipperary, Kilmanahan is designated as a settlement Clonmel and 19 miles from Dungarvan. The extent of node for the next plan period. Allowing development in this small settlement is very limited and this is reflected this location should serve to encourage Waterford by the absence of a service base. people who work in Clonmel to locate in their native County. Services Because existing services are located on the southern At present, there is no service base in Kilmanahan and side of the and to avoid severance of a development is extremely limited with only a small developing community, priority will be given to number of dwellings located in the settlement. The developments in this location. However, as this area majority of these dwellings appear to be related to contains an aquifer of regional importance that is agriculture in the area. extremely vulnerable to groundwater pollution, individual septic tank treatment systems will not be Infrastructure permitted. The existing public water supply is limited and there is no public sewer in the village. Thus, any significant or Given the existing low levels of development, one off indepth development in this location is contingent on dwellings with septic tanks should also be permissable in upgrading the public water supply and the provision of Kilmanahan, provided that they are low density and a sewer network and treatment facility. they are located north of Kilmanahan Bridge (see Map 3.3.21).

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 77 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.22 Kilmeaden Development Strategy Location There are a small number of development opportunities The village of Kilmeaden is located on the N.25, 23 miles available within the development boundary, which is from Dungarvan. indicated on Map 3.3.22.

Services All applications for new developments within the development boundary will be considered on their The service base of Kilmeaden is sufficient to meet the merits. They must also take cognisance of road needs of the existing population. There are no alignment proposals for the village. community facilities in the village.

Infrastructure Kilmeaden is connected to the East Waterford Regional Water Supply Scheme. At present, there is no public sewerage scheme in the village.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 79 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.23 Lismore Infrastructure Location Lismore has a modern and efficient sewage treatment system with spare capacity. The water supply of the Lismore is located approximately 14 miles from town is adequate to meet existing needs. Dungarvan on the N.72 National Secondary route that connects Dungarvan and Mallow. There has been no Development Strategy change in the population of Lismore over the 1991 – 1996 period. The Development Strategy for Lismore is outlined in the 1996 Lismore Development Plan. Services There are a wide range of services and community facilities available in Lismore.

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Please Refer to the Lismore Development Plan

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 81 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.24 Lemybrien As Lemybrien is located on the N25 from Rosslare to Location Killarney, the possibility of a bypass for the village cannot be ruled out. However, this will not take place in the The village of Lemybrien is located on the N25 (Killarney short term. – Rosslare) approximately 18 miles from Waterford City and 10 miles from Dungarvan. It had a population of 197 Development Strategy in 1996 – a decline of 25 since 1991. Existing development in Lemybrien is predominantly Services linear along the N25 and along the regional road (R676) to Carrick-on-Suir. The service base of Lemybrien is largely a reflection of its location on a National Primary Route. The development boundary for Lemybrien is illustrated in Map 3.3.24. The areas to the south east of the village Infrastructure and north west of the village are suitable for residential The public water supply may require upgrading. development. Low density development with individual However, there is considerable spare capacity in the treatment systems will be permitted in the area zoned constructed wetlands disposal system. for residential development in the north west of Lemybrien.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 83 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.25 Passage East Infrastructure Location The water supply and sewage disposal system of Passage Passage East is located approximately 6 miles from East is adequate to serve existing needs. Additional Waterford City, and had a population of 573 in 1996 – an capacity will not be required in Passage East as it is highly increase of 51. unlikely that further development is going to take place.

Services Development Strategy There is a relatively broad service base in Passage East, Existing development is clustered around the slipway. despite the relatively small size of the village. Passage Further development in any direction cannot take place East also has its own tourist information office and a due to the physical constraints imposed by the location regular ferry service to Ballyhack in . (see Map 3.3.25).

Industry There are some opportunities for sensitive infill and the renovation of derelict properties. Applications for new Passage East is home to a small but thriving fishing developments in this location should be of high quality industry which provides employment for a small number design to remain consistent with existing development. of local people.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 85 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.26 Piltown Development Strategy Location Piltown is being included in the new Development Plan Piltown is a small settlement located about 5 miles north to act as a new settlement node for the south west of of Youghal in County Cork and 15 miles west of the County. Dungarvan. No land was zoned for residential purposes in Piltown in Services the 1992 County Development Plan. Thus, lands are being zoned adjacent to the existing Church and School There are no retail services in Piltown and the to cater for demand for residential development in the community facilities are limited. area (see Map 3.3.26). It is the policy of the Planning Authority to permit indepth development with Infrastructure adequate waste water treatment facilities on the zoned The sanitary services infrastructure in Piltown consists of lands. a public water supply and a local authority constructed septic tank drainage system, which is designed to cater for the small Council housing scheme.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 87 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.27 Portlaw Infrastructure Location Portlaw has a modern public sewerage scheme with Portlaw is located approximately 24 miles from considerable spare capacity. The present water supply is Dungarvan on the R680. The town is located close to the adequate to meet the needs of the existing population. N.24 National Primary Route (Limerick – Waterford) and the N.25 National Primary Route, which connects Cork to Development Strategy Rosslare. The population of Portlaw increased from 1151 The Development Strategy for Portlaw is outlined the to 1176 between 1991 and 1996. 1996 Portlaw Development Plan.

Services The service base and community facilities of Portlaw are adequate to meet the needs of the existing population.

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Please Refer to the Portlaw Development Plan

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 89 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.28 Rathgormack septic tank drainage. However, the construction of this system would be problematic given the topography of Location this area. The village of Rathgormack is located approximately 7 Development Strategy miles from the South Tipperary town of Carrick-on-Suir- on-Suir and approximately 18 miles from Dungarvan. Existing development in Rathgormack is linear (see Map 3.3.28). Although, the village was identified as a Services settlement node in the 1992 County Development Plan, it has not experienced any significant development. The range of services and community facilities in Rathgormack are sufficient to meet the needs of the One off dwellings with private drainage systems may be existing population. permitted in the areas zoned for residential development to the west and north west of the village Infrastructure on condition that they can satisfy the appropriate The water supply for Rathgormack and the surrounding standards. area comes from a borehole, which is located close to the village. This impinges on where development can Development will be permitted in the zoned areas in the take place in Rathgormack as the water supply must be east and south east of the village provided that a safe protected from contamination. This particular problem and efficient means of sewage disposal can be provided. can only be overcome by the installation of a public sewer in the village, which would negate the need for

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 91 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.29 Mweelnahorna – Ballinagaul – Helvick which slopes downwards in a northerly direction. The Background pattern of development is noticeably linear with clusters of dwellings to be found close to the coast. The settlements which comprise Mweelnahorna - Ballinagoul - Helvick form the Gaeltacht areas of County Mweelnahorna has experienced considerable growth Waterford. Located between 5 and 7 miles outside over the last plan period and much of the land that was Dungarvan, the settlements have experienced zoned for residential development in the 1992 County noticeable growth in recent years. As a result of this Development Plan has already been developed (see prolonged growth, it is becoming increasingly difficult to Map 29 (a)) distinguish between the three settlements. Although, further significant development is (a) Mweelnahorna constrained by the topography of the area and the proximity of Ballinagaul, residential development will be Location permitted on zoned land to the west and south of the Mweelnahorna is located approximately 5 miles to the existing zoned area to accommodate additional south of Dungarvan. In 1996 it had a population of 289 residential dwellings. Development in these locations persons (281 in 1991). should be connected to existing services.

Services The development strategy for Mweelnahorna is indicated on Map 3.3.29(a). The area zoned to the rear The village of Mweelnahorna is very well contained with of the dispensary is more suitable for development in convenient retail services and a range of community the short term. Additional housing in this location could facilities available. be connected to the existing sewer and no modifications to the public road network would be required. Industry There are a small number of industries in The Council will encourage sensitive infill along some Mweelnahorna which are the major employers for the sections of the road frontage and to the west of the area. Most of the industry is located in the small village. However, there should be no further industrial estate on the southern side of the village. development to the east of Mweelnahorna in the interests of preserving the village as a separate Infrastructure settlement to Ballinagaul.

The water supply of Mweelnahorna is adequate to meet The village of Mweelnahorna is approaching capacity. At existing needs. At present, there are capacity problems present, only a small number of opportunities for with the public sewerage scheme in Mweelnahorna - development remain and these are unlikely to last Ballinagaul - Helvick. However, this is expected to be beyond the next plan period. However, demand for resolved over the next plan period as the entire area is properties is likely to remain strong given the proximity expected to be upgraded as part of the proposed of Dungarvan and the desirability of living in this coastal Dungarvan waste water treatment scheme. area. For these reasons, the Council will endeavour to ensure that any remaining residential land is used to Development Strategy accommodate the natural increase of the existing village The development of Mweelnahorna has been population. This will preserve the character of the area predominantly influenced by the terrain of the area, and reduce pressures on development land.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 93 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

(b) Ballinagaul Development in Ballinagaul is predominantly linear and concentrated for the most part along sub-standard Location poorly aligned country roads. Ballinagaul is located 1 mile east of Mweelnahorna and Ballinagaul does not suffer the physical constraints to approximately 6 miles from Dungarvan. Like development that are obvious in Mweelnahorna. Much Mweelnahorna, Ballinagaul also experienced noticeable of the land to the south of Ballinagoul that was zoned growth over the last plan period. for residential development in the 1992 Development Plan has not been developed and this could be used to Services accommodate the future demand for housing in Ballinagaul has a relatively narrow service base and Ballinagaul and the surrounding areas of limited community facilities. Mweelnahorna and Helvick (see Map 3.3.29 (b)).

Infrastructure An additional area of land has been zoned for residential development to the east of the present The water supply of Ballinagaul is adequate to meet development boundary. This area is suitable for further existing needs. At present, there are capacity problems development as it comprises an extension of the existing with the public sewerage scheme in Mweelnahorna - development boundary and is readily accessible to the Ballinagaul - Helvick. However, this is expected to be existing sanitary services and public road networks. resolved over the next plan period as the entire area is expected to be upgraded as part of the proposed It is the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure that Dungarvan waste water treatment scheme. all new development in Ballinagaul should be accommodated within the development boundary and Development Strategy connected up to the existing public sewer. The settlement of Ballinagaul is larger than the small village of Mweelnahorna, but it also lacks an obvious focal point.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 95 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

(c) Helvick Development Strategy The coastal settlement of Helvick has experienced Location considerable disorderly and sporadic development. The village of Helvick is the smallest of the three Although, the focus of the village is quite well defined, settlements. It is located 1 mile east of Ballinagoul and 7 the road leading up to it (on the southern side) is also miles from Dungarvan. developed. As this development does not adhere to a building line or consistent design, infill development in Services this location could prove problematic. In addition, growth of the settlement is further constrained by the The narrow service base that exists in Helvick is a elevated nature of the land to the south of the coastline. reflection of the small size of the settlement. The development strategy for Helvick is indicated on Map 3.3.29 c. Industry The small fishing port of Helvick and its associated fish The Council will restrict the further growth of Helvick for processing plant is a valuable source of local the above reasons and only proposals for sensitive infill employment as many of its employees live locally. housing will be considered for planning permission.

Infrastructure Applications for planning permission within the development boundary will be considered on their The water supply and public road network in Helvick is merits and their ability to satisfy the planning adequate to serve the needs of the existing population. department with respect to access, sanitary services and At present, there are capacity problems with the public visual intrusion. It is the policy of the Planning Authority sewerage scheme in Mweelnahorna - Ballinagaul - to oppose any proposals for additional dwellings outside Helvick. However, this is expected to be resolved over the the development boundary given the density and the next plan period as the entire area is expected to be extent of existing development. upgraded as part of the proposed Dungarvan waste water treatment scheme.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 97 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.30 Stradbally The village of Stradbally is relatively compact with Location existing development clustered around the village square. As development opportunities have become The village of Stradbally is located approximately 7 miles scarce in the village, continuous ribbons of linear from Dungarvan. It had a population of 262 in 1996, an development have begun to appear on the main roads increase of 11 persons since 1991. on the outskirts of the village.

Services It is the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure that Stradbally has a service base, which is adequate to serve all new development in Stradbally takes place within the the needs of the local population. It also has a development boundary, which is indicated on Map comprehensive range of community services. 3.3.30.

Infrastructure The water supply in Stradbally comes from a local source, which has spare capacity. The sewage disposal system requires upgrading.

Development Strategy

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 99 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.31 Tallow Infrastructure Location The public water supply and sewerage systems require The town of Tallow is located approximately 22 miles upgrading. Significant development in Tallow will be from Dungarvan and approximately 15 miles from conditional on upgrading both water and sewage Fermoy in County Cork. In 1996 this settlement had a networks. population of 802 – a decline of 56 persons since 1991. Development Strategy Services The lands zoned for residential development in the There are a range of retail services and community Tallow Development Plan are more than adequate to facilities in the town, which are sufficient to cater for the meet demands for housing in the town over the next needs of the existing population. plan period. The development strategy for the town is indicated on Map 3.3.31. Industry There are a small number of industries in Tallow, which provide valuable employment for the town and the surrounding area.

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Primarily Residential and to Protect and Enhance the Special Physical and Social Character of Town and Village Centres and to Improve Infrastructure.

Open Space

To Provide for industrial Use

Development Boundary

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3.3.32 Touraneena Development Strategy Location Existing development in Touraneena is linear and it is The small village of Touraneena is located approximately largely confined to the east of the village. This is a result 13 miles from Dungarvan and 12 miles from Clonmel. of the topography, which slopes rather steeply downwards from east to west. This has implications for Services development opportunities in the area as the land to the west of the village cannot be easily connected to a public Touraneena has a small service base and adequate sewer. This is not case with the land to the east, which is community facilities. suitable for residential development (see Map 3.3.32).

Infrastructure The Council will encourage residential development in The majority of dwellings in the area have individual the area zoned Primarily Residential. Housing in this means of sewage disposal. However, there is a location would consolidate development in the village constructed wetlands disposal system, which was built to and create the least visual intrusion in this picturesque service a small scheme of Council dwellings. Additional area. It is the policy of the Planning Authority to ensure connections to this public sewer from the east of the that all new dwellings in this location will be connected village are possible. to the public sewer. Upgrading of the sewer network treatment system may be required to facilitate new development.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 103 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.33 Tramore Infrastructure Location Tramore is connected to the East Waterford Regional The town of Tramore, which is the largest settlement in Water Supply Scheme. The Tramore public sewerage County Waterford, is located 26 miles from Dungarvan. scheme is likely to be completed over the plan period. The population of Tramore increased from 6064 in 1991 to 6536 in 1996. Development Strategy The Development Strategy for Tramore is outlined in the Services 1997 Tramore Development Plan. There is an adequate service base and a wide range of community facilities available in Tramore.

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Please Refer to the Tramore Development Plan

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 105 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.3.34 Villierstown ensure that new development should be connected to Location these services.

Villierstown is located approximately 1 mile from the Development Strategy nearby village of Aglish and approximately 12 miles from Dungarvan. Existing development in Villierstown is clustered around the village monument. New dwellings in the village Services should serve to consolidate the existing village core as this will help to lessen the impact of additional The services in this estate village are adequate to meet development on this attractive village. the needs of the local population. The development boundary for Villierstown is illustrated Infrastructure on Map 3.3.34. The Planning Authority will encourage The sanitary services of Villierstown are sufficient to the development of the zoned areas that are closest to accommodate any additional development that will the village initially. This will ensure that the village will take place over the next plan period. Land has been remain compact and tightly knit and it will allow the rezoned in accordance with its proximity to existing economic extension of sanitary services to new services and it is the policy of the Planning Authority to dwellings.

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1999 Waterford County Development Plan 107 Chapter 3: Settlement Strategy

3.4 Availability of Serviced Land in Designated 2. There are 81 hectares of land available in Settlement Nodes Portlaw Table 7 Summary of available serviced land and likely 3. Average density for housing development of 25 to demand over 5 and 20 years the hectare has been assumed on average, but some areas, in particular, Cheekpoint, can Measure Hectares Hectares excluding including accommodate development only at a much lower Dungarvan Dungarvan density

Zoned land 517 528 The housing projection includes an allowance for Dungarvan. Growth in Dungarvan is expected to Of which: outperform all other urban centres in the County, and Spare Sanitary Services may have the impact of reducing land requirements capacity 1 260 260 elsewhere in the West of the County by up to 30 hectares in 20 years (7 hectares in 5 years). Growth in No Spare Sanitary Services capacity 257 268 Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir, Fermoy and Youghal may also either add to or take from housing demand within West Forecast demand over Waterford, depending on the availability of land for five years 2 57 64 development in these centres. In addition, there is no serviced land available for development in the north of Forecast demand over twenty years 2 178 209 the County. This is likely to exacerbate the problem of population ‘leakage’ to South Tipperary. Percentage used over five years 25% 22% Whilst there is technically spare capacity for Percentage used over development over five years in the East of the County, all twenty years 80% 68% of the available and serviced land is located in one centre – Tramore. The goal of accommodating 65% of all new residential development within existing centres will not 1 Ardmore, Ballinroad, Dungarvan (Mweelnahorna), be achievable without significant and immediate Lismore, Portlaw and Tramore, investment in sanitary services infrastructure.

2 On the assumption that 65 per cent of development is Whilst there is sufficient land available in the aggregate within urban areas to accommodate expected development in West Waterford, there are a number of key settlements, Notes: specifically the county service centres of Tallow and 1. Ardmore and Dungarvan (Mweelnahorna) zoned Cappoquin, which are without adequate sanitary lands where services are not yet available but are services. The settlement strategy for the West of this expected to come on line within the plan period County cannot therefore be effectively implemented have been included under the heading “Spare without investment in water and sewerage facilities in Sanitary Services capacity” these centres.

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4.1 Standards for Different Types of It is the policy of the Council to actively discourage the Development location of dwellings in these locations, in accordance with Government policy as outlined by the National The Council, using the statutory powers granted under Roads Authority. the (Planning and development) Local Government Act (1963) and subsequent Acts, controls new development The Council is aware of the need for flexibility in this by ensuring that all development proposals are regard, especially with respect to persons who have a consistent with the aims and objectives of this particular need to reside in an area adjoining a National Development Plan. This chapter sets out the standards to Route. For this reason, no new development, which which new development must comply in order to qualify would require direct access onto the road, will be for planning permission. allowed except where the developer is the owner of a landholding of a minimum extent of 15 acres, which 4.2 Location of New Development / General existed as a separate entity at the time of adoption of It is the policy of the Council to ensure that all this plan, desiring to build a residence for himself or development that takes place in the County over the herself or a member of his / her immediate family and plan period is consistent with the sustainable settlement where there is no alternative site available. and development strategy that is set out in this Plan. Where, through the operation of the above conditions The Council will encourage new development in areas or through the availability of access onto a side road, that have been specifically zoned for such purposes. The development adjacent to the National Route is erection of new dwellings in locations that are outside permitted, it will be required to conform to a minimum the zoned areas will be discouraged unless the Local building line of 40 metres from the public road. Authority is satisfied that the dwelling is in response to genuine housing need. 4.2.4 Other Routes The Tramore / Waterford Road carries large volumes of It is the policy of the Council to restrict any new commuters and tourists as it is the principal road developments (particularly new developments adjacent connecting Waterford City and Tramore. To ensure the to major roads) on the outskirts of towns or villages safety and carrying capacity of this road, the restrictions when there is development land available within the that apply to a National Primary Route, will apply to this town or village envelope. Development of this nature route. will be opposed. Such development is not consistent with the principles of sustainable development, restricts It is the policy of the Council to restrict new development the growth of the town or village, and contributes to along the Waterford City to Waterford Regional Airport ‘ribbon development’. route. The restrictions on access for the National Primary Route will apply to this route. New developments along 4.2.1 Upland Areas this route must also be located not less than 30 metres Developments in upland areas will be considered in from the road fence. accordance with the policy statements and objectives outlined in section 2.5.2 and section 2.3.1. On all regional and county roads, the general setback of development from the road fence shall be 18 metres. 4.2.2 Coastal Areas Development in Coastal areas would be considered in 4.2.5 Cottage Plots accordance with the policy statements and objectives Generally, the subdivision of cottage plots will be outlined in section 2.5.3 and section 2.3.1. acceptable provided that they are, 4.2.3 National Routes Solely for a member of the immediate family of the cottage owner at the date of adoption of this plan. Over the last Development Plan period, the Council experienced pressure for single dwellings adjoining A single vehicular access is provided for both National Primary and National Secondary Routes. There dwellings in accordance with the standards has been considerable financial investment in these outlined in 4.3.A. routes in recent years, to increase the safety and speed of road transport. A multiplicity of access points onto The site is sufficiently large to accommodate these routes would negate the benefits of this appropriate waste water treatment for both investment, cause increasing traffic hazard and reducing dwellings. the carrying capacity of the routes.

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4.3 Standards for New Development The above minimum distances shall also apply in relation to distance of access points from existing road junctions. All new developments shall meet the standards laid The relevant operating / design speeds applicable to down with respect to access, building lines, roadside different categories of a road are outlined in the table boundaries, drainage and design. The Council will have below. regard to the ‘Residential Density Consultation Draft Guidelines for Planning Authorities’, (Department of the Environment and Local Government, 1999). Cat Operating / Road Design Speeds A: Access (Km per Hr)

A 100 N.25 – Waterford City The location of access points onto the public road Boundary to County network shall be such as to achieve sight distances which Boundary at Youghal. accord with the minimum sight distances as outlined in N.72 – Tarrs Bridge to Cork County the following table. Boundary at Coolydoody South. R.675 – Waterford City Boundary to Tramore. Category ABCD E R.708 – Waterford City Boundary to Design / Operating junction with R.685 (Airport Road). Speed (Km per Hr) 100 80 60 50 40 B 80 All Regional Roads listed in Minimum Sight Appendix 6. Distances (Metres) 190 130 80 55 30 C 60 Youghal Bridge to to Cappoquin. Clear and unobstructed sightlines shall be provided, in Boola Bridge to Tipperary County Boundary. each direction, from a point 2 m. back from the edge of to Harney’s Cross. the nearside metalled surface of the roadway at the Dungarvan to Knocknaskeagh Cross. centre of the entrance to a point Carrolls Cross to Portlaw. Kill to Ballylaneen. (a) in the centre of the roadway for a roadway less Kilmeaden to Glenaphuca House. Halfway House to Cheekpoint. than 4 metres, Passage East to Kilacomb Cross. Fairybush Cross to Dunmore East. (b) 2 metres from the edge of the metalled surface Dunmore East to Ballymacaw to where the roadway is greater than 4 metres, Cloghernagh. D 50 All other County Roads apart from for the distances outlined in the above table. The road those in Category E. boundary fence shall be set back behind sightlines so as to accommodate this requirement. E 40 Cul de sacs having not more than 3 existing .entrances to dwellings or farm yards. Sightlines should allow for similar intervisibility between vehicles entering or approaching the site and other vehicles on the road. Should it be necessary to acquire Note: The above standards shall not generally apply within additional land outside of the submitted site area, a speed limit areas. letter of agreement in this regard would be required from the relevant land owner. Where development of sites for housing results in the removal of roadside ditches and hedges, the Council will The appropriate eye and object heights of 1.05 m. and require that they are replaced with fences of indigenous 0.15 m. respectively shall be used. In the case of roads materials or the planting of indigenous species listed in subject to a design / operating speed of 100 Km per hour 4.3.B. In areas where roadways are substandard in width and not having a hard shoulder, the setback from the and / or alignment, the Council will require the creation edge of the metalled surface at the centre of the of a setback to improve vehicular access and road safety. entrance shall be 3 m. B: Site Boundaries The replacement of boundary hedges and trees with elaborate walls and fencing leads to uncharacteristic urban features in rural areas and removes valuable hedgerows on which wildlife depends. Over the next plan period, the Council will discourage such development and encourage the planting of native trees and hedgerows at the roadside boundaries of new housing developments, particularly in rural areas.

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The following indigenous species may be recommended All new housing developments in rural and urban areas for anywhere in the county. shall maintain and, where possible, improve existing roadside drainage when developing driveways and Oak Quercus robur or Q.petraea access. Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Common holly Ilex aquifolium D: Waste Water Treatment Common hazel Corylus avellana Grey sally Salix cinerea The Council is aware of its obligations to sustainable Sycamore Acerpseudoplatanus development with respect to the treatment and disposal Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris of waste water. Where possible, the Council will insist that all new developments in existing settlements are In upland regions these may be augmented by, connected to the public sewerage system where such exists. Downy birch Betula pubescens Common rowan Sorbus aucuparia Where connection to public sewerage facilities is not possible, dwellings must provide their own private means of effluent disposal and treatment. As individual In lowland regions by, treatment and disposal systems have the potential to cause serious groundwater pollution and a public health Common ash Fraxinus excelsior hazard, the requirements of N.S.A.I. Standard S.R.6 of Common alder Alnus glutinosa Guelder rose Viburnum opulus 1991 (Septic Tank Systems – Recommendations for Common elder Sambucus nigra Domestic Effluent Treatment and Disposal from a Single Common beech Fagus sylvatica * Dwellinghouse), the Building Regulations and the Field maple Acer campestre * proposed E.P.A. manuals on waste water treatment systems will be taken into account. Adherence to these Close to the sea the most suitable species are often, guidelines is particularly important in County Waterford as many of the sources of public water supply have been Common gorse Ulex europaeus identified as being extremely vulnerable to groundwater pollution. Fuchsia Fuchsia magellanica ‘Riccartonii’* Where a private treatment system is sought for a Naturalised (non-native) species proposed development, the following information Leylandii (x cupressocyparis leylandii) and grisellinia look should be supplied to the Planning Authority: intrusive in the rural landscape and provide a poor habitat for wildlife. For this reason, they are normally The shape, dimensions and levels of the site and the unsuitable as hedging and screening plants in rural proposed position of the dwelling and treatment locations. system. The quantity of effluent to be treated, derived from the The Council require that all intersite hedging and number of persons and bedrooms served. screening plants should be restricted to a maximum The soil, subsoil and bedrock conditions, and the level of height of 2.4 metres. the water table (this information can be derived from opening trial holes and carrying out percolation tests on the site). The planting of shelter belts, in coastal and upland areas Variations in the water table level if known. is advisable. The proximity of any river, watercourse (ditch or stream), waterlogged areas or underground drains. C: Building Lines The location of any wells or springs within 100m of the In an urban environment, building lines can help proposed disposal area. preserve residential amenity and the right to light of The proposed source of water supply, i.e. mains, well, existing dwellings. New developments will be etc. encouraged to comply with established building lines The location of neighbouring habitable buildings and drainage systems. where applicable in the interests of orderly development. It is the policy of the Planning Authority to insist that In appropriate circumstances, in the interests of residential dwellings, which require a private drainage sustainable development, the Council will consider treatment system must normally have a minimum site deviations from established building lines where this curtilage of 0.2 Hectares (0.5 acres). However, it should minimises overshadowing and allows new dwellings to be noted that larger site curtilages may be necessary, if maximise the capacity to obtain natural light, as this will sub soil conditions are poor. lead to a reduction in the usage of non-renewable energy in the dwelling.

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In the interests of complying with the principles of Private Amenity Space – Residential sustainable development, the Council will discourage The Council will require the provision of private amenity the development of small sites for housing unless a space in accordance with the following table for all new connection to a public sewer is possible. residential units. This is based on a rear garden depth of 11 metres. This will also facilitate domestic storage for E. Design residents and encourage residents to engage in recycling A high standard of design is required for new dwellings activities, such as composting. in the countryside. Housing should be designed to comply with the local vernacular (traditional styles and Terraced House 90 sq. m. forms), particularly in scenic locations, such as upland Semi-detached House 120 sq. m. and coastal areas. Design will vary according to location. Detached House 150 sq. m. New housing must:

In the interests of maintaining quality urban design. The Be appropriate in scale and design to its setting scale, design and building materials of infill Use, rather than dominate, the surrounding landscape, development shall be in harmony with the existing built Harmonise with neighbouring or adjoining dwellings. environment.

4.4.2 Estate Development In the interests of sustainable development, the use of traditional materials in the construction of new For the purposes of this Development Plan, proposals dwellings is encouraged. Evidence suggests that that involve the construction of more than two units will traditional materials, such as slate, thatch, granite and be considered estate development. sandstone, are more sustainable than conventionally manufactured materials in terms of embodied energy The Council is primarily concerned with the provision and durability. Traditional building materials make a and protection of residential amenity. Residential valuable contribution to the identity of the County as amenity will be assessed on the basis of both qualitative they are closely related to local geology and land uses. and quantitative criteria

The Council will encourage the construction of dwellings Qualitative Criteria Quantitative Criteria that have the capacity to fully exploit solar energy for Safety Density the purposes of natural light and heating. Privacy Site sizes Sense of identity Public open space 4.4 New Housing in Urban Areas provision Variety Recreational open space 4.4.1 Single Developments Functionalism Play areas, etc. To provide guidance for the general public and Convenience developers alike, the Council have outlined below the Access for the disabled minimum development standards for new residential Overall aesthetics development. The density standards outlined relate to incorporating hard existing housing development in so far as the standards bear relationship to site size, back garden size, site and soft landscaping. coverage and plot ratio standards. In determining whether the density of a development proposal is Housing estate developments are likely to meet both appropriate, the Council will have particular regard to qualitative and quantitative criteria if they are the amenity of surrounding areas. The Council also designated to provide: reserves the right to permit departures from these standards depending on any special circumstances that Hierarchical road system from distributor road may apply. to cul-de-sac. Clustered groups of housing. The maximum site coverage permitted is 50 per cent. Variety of house types and design. Judicious provision of open space, both private Site coverage is determined by dividing the total area of and public. ground covered by buildings by the total ground area Mixture of hard and soft landscaping within the site. (footprint of development/area of site)

The maximum plot ratio permitted is 1.0

The plot ratio expresses the relationship between the total gross floor area of building and gross area of site. (gross floor area/gross site area)

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Road Layout hedgerows should be preserved and incorporated into the design. Road layout and design shall be as set out in ‘Recommendations for Site Development Works for The Council reserves the right to accept contributions Housing Areas 1998’ issued by the Department of the from developers in lieu of provision of open space in Environment and Local Government Publication and An appropriate circumstances where it would achieve a Foras Forbartha ‘Geometric Design Guidelines’ R.T. 180 better distribution of open space and assist in the and R.T. 181. Provision shall be made in the layout of provision of amenities for the area. housing areas for convenient pedestrian circulation within the area and to other adjoining areas, Landscaping independently of the road system. Roads are divided into three classes: Detailed proposals providing for a mix of both hard and soft landscaped areas should form part of the estate 1. Access Road: distributing traffic within a housing development application. In the interests of sustainable area off which are cul-de-sac roads, short loop roads. development, existing trees or hedgerows should be In larger housing areas access roads should not have retained. Additional planting should be selected from houses accessing directly on to them. the lists of plants and trees in Section 4.3.B, where 2. Estate Road: >30m in length deemed necessary. 3. Cul-de-Sac: <30m in length Private Amenity Space Road Layout in Estate Development The requirements with respect to private open space in Access Road (1) Estate Road(2) Cul-de-Sac (3) estate developments are set out in section 4.4.1. 7.3 m Metalled 6.0 m. Metalled 5.5 m. surface surface Metalled Density surface 2 No. 2 m. 2 No. 2 m. 1 No. 1.5 m. The density of new housing development is a factor of Footpaths Footpath Footpaths design, but in traditional layouts in urban areas will 2 No. 1 m. 2 No. 1 m. 1 No. 1 m. Grass Verges Grass Verges Grass Verge range from 15 – 25 houses per hectare or (6 – 10 houses per acre). In the interests of adhering to the principles of sustainable development, the Planning Authority will encourage a higher density of dwellings in urban areas The above standards are minimum, appropriate to that are deemed to have an adequate physical, social residential areas having traditional layout. and economic infrastructure to accommodate this level of development in accordance with the ‘Residential Variations to these standards will be considered in the Density Consultation Draft Guidelines for Planning case of innovative design based on models designed to Authorities’, (Department of the Environment and Local segregate pedestrian and vehicular traffic, provided that Government, 1999). the variation confers a net benefit on residential amenity and road safety. Services Open Space All services (such as roads, drainage, sanitary services) for estate developments shall be provided in accordance Open space should be integrated into the overall design with An Foras Forbartha, ‘Recommendations for Site concept and should be overlooked by as many houses as Development Works for Housing Areas’ and other possible. Incidental spaces left over after site layout will relevant codes of practice. not be considered as open space, by the Council, in compliance with the minimum standard outlined. Provision shall also be made for the location of all Where there is a requirement to maintain trunk services services underground. in areas under public control, this aspect must be considered in the design of the development. Parking Open space in housing areas shall normally be based on A minimum of two car parking spaces shall be provided a standard of 10% minimum of gross site area. The open within the curtilage of each dwelling house. space provision should be on a hierarchical system distributed through the housing area, ranging from Public Lighting small children’s play areas, located in sight of their homes to larger areas where older children can indulge in Public lighting shall conform with the guidelines casual ball playing and persons can exercise dogs. outlined in the E.S.B. booklet ‘Public Lighting in Landscaping serves as an important means of sustaining Residential Estate’. wildlife and providing aesthetic quality and visual variety. Where possible, existing trees and fences /

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4.4.3 Apartments All living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms should minimise In general, the following minimum floor areas are overlooking of adjoining/adjacent residences, and required for all apartments. The planning authority shall should be so located so as to avoid facing towards encourage the provision of apartments which exceed nearby high boundary or gable walls. In the case of these minimum requirements. conversions, partition walls within and between residential units shall not cut across windows. In general, the following minimum floor areas are required for all apartments: Open Space Provision for Apartment Units Apartment units must generally have a minimum of Apartment type Minimum Floor Area 15m2 open space per bed space within the site. One bedroom 38m2 Alternatively a financial contribution for the provision of

Two bedroom 55 m2 open space will be considered.

Three bedroom 70 m2 Car Parking Car Parking shall be in accordance with standards in The minimum size of rooms required for new Section 4.9. developments and conversions in all instances are to be as set out in the current Guidelines on Residential 4.5 Tourism Development Developments in Designated Areas, Department of the Environment (1995). In all cases, the minimum size of the The Council require planning applications for bathroom shall be 4m2, and the minimum size of developments of this nature to demonstrate that the kitchenette shall be 4m2. Depending on site factors, the premises are occupied for as long as possible throughout scale of the development and location, the planning the year. authority may insist on the provision of a high proportion of apartments which exceed these minimum Any residential tourism development must demonstrate requirements. that it:-

The minimum size of bedrooms shall be 6.5m2 – the Does not place unsustainable demands upon the minimum size of a habitable room required by the existing or planned infrastructure capacity of the Building Regulations Bedrooms from 6.5m2 to 10.2m2 area. shall be calculated as one bedspace. Bedrooms of 10.22 and greater shall be calculated as two bedspaces. Does not conflict with the maintenance of the natural and cultural heritage of the area. In apartment developments, every apartment shall have Is located within or adjacent to an established at least one bedroom a minimum of 10.2m2 in floor area. settlement node. Reinforces the provision of non residential tourism The minimum size for balconies in new apartment facilities in the county either through integration developments is 5 m2. with established facilities or by the provision of new facilities. It is the intention of the planning authority to monitor minimises the need for additional vehicular and, where appropriate, to review these minimum journeys to / from visitor facilities in the immediate requirements during the life of this plan. environs. Amalgamation of Apartment Units CARAVAN PARKS In order to ensure a degree of flexibility, the floor plans of small one and two bedroom apartment units shall be It is the policy of the Council to issue licences for caravan so designed that at a later date they can be parks and ensure that all caravans and tents are located amalgamated to form larger two and three bedroom on serviced sites, authorised by the Council in areas that units, without excessive disruption to the structure of the have the capacity to accommodate such developments. building. This is intended to allow for changes in the size All planning applications for caravan parks will be and mix of apartments in the long term, which reflect assessed in accordance with the 1988 Bord Failte changing requirements and demands of occupants. guidelines, ‘Caravans and Camping Parks Development Guidelines’. Internal Floor Space All rooms should be of a reasonable shape and proportion and have adequate space for normal living purposes. The shape and layout of rooms should maximise the amenity of residents.

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4.6 Industrial and Commercial Developments junction with a road of between 7.62 m. (25 ft.) and 15.24 m. (50 ft.) in width. 4.6.1 General With new industrial and commercial developments, (b): Where the road width is less than 15.24 m. adequate provision shall be made on site for storage and (50 ft.), stacking space (in addition to provision for parking of vehicles). Storage and stacking areas should be located vehicular entrances or exits shall not be sited to the rear of the building, where possible. nearer to a road than 22.85 m. (75 ft.) from a junction with a road of 7.62 m. (25 ft.) in width The maximum site coverage permitted is as follows: or over.

Commercial / Retail 75% 5. Where the junction occurs on the opposite side of Industrial 75% the road from the station, the vehicular entrances or exits shall be sited not nearer than 22.85 m. (75 ft.) from the junction where the width of the intersecting road exceeds 7.62 m. (25 ft.). The maximum plot ratio permitted is as follows: 6. No pump, hosepipe or other service may be made Commercial / Retail 1.5 or adapted to serve vehicles standing on the public Industrial 1.0 road. The station shall not have more than two vehicles openings on any road. Such openings shall have a maximum width of 7.62 m. (25 ft.). General standards for new development are set out in Section 4.1 above. Parking requirements are set out in 7. The road boundary of the station must be finished Section 4.9. Details of required contributions, bonds and except at openings with a wall or railing to a height security are set out in Section 4.11. of not less than 0.45 m. (1’ 6”) over the level of the adjoining road. 4.6.2 Garages and Petrol Stations In considering proposals for new Filling Stations (and at 8. Where sufficient space is available and amenity the Councils discretion in the case of existing stations, the requirements (including car parking space) are Council will apply the following criteria: complied with, the station may incorporate Show Rooms for the sale of motor vehicles and / or motor 1. The station should have a frontage to the road of accessories. A workshop, car wash or use for retail not less than 21.33 m. (70 ft.) and this frontage shall trading other than such showrooms shall be be kept clear for a depth of not less than 4.6 m (15 regarded as ancillary to a petrol station. ft.) from the road boundary of the site. 9. It will be necessary that landscaping, including tree 2. No pump, hosepipe or other service shall be planting and suitable screening, be incorporated in situated less than 4.6 m. (15 ft.) from the road petrol stations having regard to the amenity of the boundary of the site. surrounding areas. This requirement will be of particular importance in regard to the rear and side 3. Where the petrol pumps, hosepipes and other view of the petrol station. services are at a distance of 9.14 m. (30 ft.) or over from the road boundary of the site, the frontage 10. In considering applications for permission to erect may be reduced to 12.19 m. (40 ft.) petrol stations, the Planning Authority will have regard to the protection or improvement of 4. While the focus points in the road system will have existing amenities and will seek to prevent the an obvious attraction for Petrol Stations, the siting creation of traffic hazards both from traffic will not be permitted at or on road junctions or so movements and lighting arrangements. In regard close to junctions that a traffic hazard or to the latter, the character of the road, traffic obstruction to traffic movement is created. The volumes and speeds will be especially considered. following principles will be observed. Generally, petrol stations will not be allowed on dual metalled surfaces on a bend or junction or (a): Where the road width is greater than 15.24 where visibility is otherwise obstructed. m. (50 ft.) 11. Appliances and structures placed on the public road Vehicular entrances or exits shall not be sited are licensable under Section 89 of the 1963 nearer to a road junction than 33.52 m. (110 ft.) (Planning and Development) Act. Petrol pumps, from a junction with a road of 15.24 m. (50 ft.) swing arms, advertisements and display racks and in width or over, 22.85 m. (75 ft.) from a shelves are among the items listed as licensable. The

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national policy is to eliminate such structures and Advertising will be limited to commercial built-up areas appliances from the public road and under the where it is already a feature. Within towns and villages, Dangerous Substances Regulations, 1979, all such the following general policy will apply, petrol dispensing arrangements shall cease by 1999. The size and scale of signs should not conflict with 12. Unless permission has been specifically granted for those existing structures in the vicinity. such, the placing of cars, caravans, kiosks, chalets or other structures on the station will be a Signs will not be permitted if they compete with contravention of the Development Plan. road signs or otherwise endanger traffic safety.

13. Canopy lighting and forecourt lighting should Signs attached to buildings are preferable to those either be fully cut off or recessed so as not to cause on free standing hoardings. dazzle or distraction to other road users. Signs should not interfere with windows or other 14. All new fascia shall be slated and not illuminated. features of the façade or project above the skyline.

4.6.3 Mineral Extraction / Quarrying Signs should not exceed 5.4 m2. The policy of the Council is to promote mineral exploration. The Council further recognises that with Rural Advertising appropriate care in initial site selection, process design No advertising hoardings will be permitted in the open and environmental monitoring, mineral extraction can countryside. Consideration may be given to the be compatible with a wide range of appropriate provision of advertising panels at lay-bys outside built up adjacent land uses and habitats. It will be Council policy areas where facilities in these areas can be listed and the to ensure that applications for mineral development / traders can advertise in a fashion which would provide quarrying conform closely with these requirements, information to travellers without interference with the both in use and most particularly in the quality and amenities of the area. Such signs will not exceed 2.7 m_ thoroughness of the decommissioning and rehabilitation plans. Such plans shall be a compulsory Tourist Facilities component of any application for mineral extraction. Signs that are designed as guides to the location of It is the policy of the Council that transportation of tourist facilities such as hotels, restaurants and guest minerals from the source must be carried out without houses will be permitted under licence outside built-up causing nuisance to other road users. In certain instances areas subject to; the public road may be deemed by the Council to be inadequate to carry the size of the loads proposed. The They comply with the Traffic Signs Manual Council will include a condition requiring a contribution produced by the Department of the Environment towards the maintenance and/or upgrading of this road in 1996. and may specify alternative routing of these loads. They are limited to fingerpost signs, It is the policy of the Council that any application for mining or quarrying will reflect national policy for this They are limited in number to the minimum sector. required for that purpose,

Local Events

4.7 Advertising The Planning Authority will permit the advertising of local events under licence, in accordance with General regulations, which shall be strictly enforced to ensure All advertisements and advertisement structures, other that such advertising does not become detrimental to than those exempted under Part II, Second Schedule of safety or visual amenity. the 1994 Local Government (Planning and Development) Regulations, shall be the subject of a formal planning application.

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4.8 Demolition of Buildings will be equivalent to the cost of provision of the car parking spaces as determined by the planning authority In addition to buildings and structures that are deemed and shall be used for like provision in the nearest to be of artistic, architectural and historical importance convenient location, so as to facilitate the development. and are listed for preservation in Appendix 5 of this Development Plan, permission is required for the Car parking and service facilities shall be provided demolition of any habitable dwelling under the Local entirely within the curtilage of the development or Government (Planning and Development) Act. convenient to the principal use served. The Council shall 4.9 Car Parking oversee that car parking and service facilities are sited within established building lines to ensure minimum Developments that, in the opinion of the Planning interference with adjoining premises. Authority, are likely to generate a need for parking space will require the provision of parking space in The required dimensions for the car parking spaces shall accordance with the rates set out in the table below. be 4.8 metres by 2.5 metres (16 feet by 8 feet) per space Where, in respect of Town Centres or other and 6.1 metres by 3 metres (20 feet by 10 feet) per bay development areas, the provision of parking spaces for loading bays. The width of circulation aisles will be 6 within the curtilage of the development at the rates metres (two-way) and 3 metres (one-way). specified might be detrimental to the overall urban structure, contribution in lieu of the provision may be accepted by the Planning Authority. These contributions

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Parking Requirements for Particular Land Uses Land Use Non Operational Parking Operational Parking Spaces Spaces Required Required Auditorium, Cinema, 1 per 10 persons Based on Particular Circumstances Theatre Church 1 per 10 persons Based on Particular Circumstances Library 1 per 32 sq. m g.f.s. Based on Particular Circumstances Bank 1 per 20 sq. m g.f.s. 1 C.V. per 2300 sq. m. plus 1 space per employee. Office 1 per 37 sq. m g.f.s. 1 C.V. per 2300 sq. m. plus 1 space per employee. Retail Shop1 for Convenience Goods 1 per 23 sq. m g.f.s. 1 C.V. plus 1 space per 4 employees (not exceeding 250 sq. m g.f.s.) 4

Retail Shop for Convenience Goods 1 per 23 sq. m g.f.s. 1 H.C.V. per 930 sq. m. plus 1 (Exceeding 250 sq. m g.f.s.) 4 space per 4 employees.

Warehouse 2 for Comparison Goods 1 per 70 sq. m g.f.s. 1 H.C.V. per 930 sq. m.g.f.s. (excluding Offices) 4

Manufacturing (excluding 1 per 70 sq. m g.f.s. 1 H.C.V. per 2,300 sq. m.g.f.s. Offices)

Hotel (excluding 1 per 2 bedrooms 1 C.V. per 230 sq. m.g.f.s Function room) 2 Guesthouses including B&B’s 1 per Bedroom unit plus the – requirement for dwelling Ballroom / Dancing Club 1 per 5 sq. m. Based on Particular Circumstances / Function Room 2 Restaurant 2, 3 1 per 6 sq. m of usable 1 space per 4 employees usable floor space Bar / Lounge 2, 3 1 per 4.5 sq. metres of 1 space per 4 employees public usable floor space Golf or Pitch and Putt Course – Based on Particular Circumstances Secondary School 2 1 per 50 students 1 per Teaching Staff Member plus 1 per 2 ancillary staff Primary School 2 1 per 100 students 1 per Teaching Staff Member plus 1 per 2 ancillary staff Hospital – Based on Particular Circumstances Nursing Home 1 per 4 Patients Based on Particular Circumstances

Dwelling 2 per Dwelling Unit – Flat / Apartment 1 per Bedroom Unit –

Note P.C.U. – Passenger Car Unit

C.V. – Commercial Vehicle

H.C.V. – Heavy Commercial Vehicle

g.f.s. – Gross Floor Space

Note1 Where groups of shops together exceed the specified figure for g.f.s. they may collectively be required to meet the standard for a single unit in excess of 250 sq. m. g.f.s.

Note2 It will be necessary to provide for Bus Parking and Set Down / Pick Up spaces off the public road where such spaces are not already provided in a convenient location.

Note3 This standard may be relaxed in town centres where the vehicle usage associated with the premises could be expected to be reduced due to the nature and location of the development.

Note4 Convenience goods are food etc and other general shops. Comparison goods are other outlets, which cannot be classified as convenience goods outlets

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4.10 Access for Persons with Disabilities and the It is an objective of the Local Authority to encourage the Mobility Impaired protection, appreciation and appropriate revitalisation of the vernacular heritage of Co. Waterford. The settings All future developments used by the public shall have of vernacular buildings and features shall be respected. access for persons with disabilities and those who are The Local Authority shall encourage the retention and mobility impaired, incorporated into the design of the development of the traditional skills base in County building as an integral part of the proposal. Parking shall Waterford. The design of new buildings shall be be provided for the mobility impaired in locations that expected to appropriately consider the existing are convenient for users. vernacular heritage. In this regard, it is acknowledged that what is appropriate in one environment is not necessarily appropriate in another. 4.11 Development Contributions, Bonds and Security Notwithstanding works classed as exempted development, planning permission is normally required In the development of private residential schemes (both for alterations or modifications to listed buildings and / houses and apartments), roads and services are to be or structures. The Planning Authority will take account provided in advance of dwelling completion. In the case of the conservation guidelines issued by the Dept. of the of large developments, provision of roads and services Environment and Local Government and the R.I.A.I. All may be phased with the approval of the Planning proposals for alterations or renovations will be Authority. submitted to Duchais for comment.

To secure the satisfactory completion and maintenance Historical buildings are often more difficult to adapt to of all roads, footpaths, open spaces and other services modern residential or commercial use. Owners of listed within a development, it shall be necessary for the structures who wish to alter or renovate their properties, developer, prior to the commencement of the are encouraged to consult with the Council before any development, to submit a bond from an Insurance alterations are carried out. The Council will adopt a Company or other financial institution acceptable to the partnership approach to the renovation and Planning Authority. The amount of the security Bond improvement of listed buildings and structures by will be calculated on the basis of 25 per cent of the offering advice to property owners. estimated cost of the development works. This bond shall remain in force until such time as all the works are satisfactorily completed and / or the development has been taken in charge by the Council. In the instance of a 4.13 Tree Preservation Orders developer carrying out site development works only, a In recognition of the visual and ecological value of trees bond greater than 25% may be required. in some locations in the County, the Council will continue to make tree preservation orders. A list of these tree preservation orders can be found in Appendix 7. 4.12 Listed Buildings It is the policy of the Council to preserve all the structures of historical, architectural and artistic interest listed in this Development Plan. Full details of these listings can be found in Appendix 5.

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4.14 Agricultural Development 4.16 Zoning Objectives In visually sensitive areas the Council will require that Use Zoning buildings be sited as unobtrusively as possible and that The general objectives of the use zoning in this plan is to materials and colours are used which blend with their serve as a guideline for the control of development so as surroundings. The use of dark colours - notably dark to achieve the goals set out in Parts 2 & 3 of this plan. greens, reds and greys are most suitable for farm Where no specific use zoning is indicated, the primary buildings. use can be assumed to be that already existing in the area and it is likely to be either Primarily Agricultural or Agricultural developments shall comply with relevant Primarily General Urban Development. guidelines as issued by the Department of Agriculture and Forestry booklet entitled “Guidelines and The use zoning objectives are based on the principle of Recommendations on Control of Pollution from primary uses and sole uses. Where a primary use is Farmyard Wastes”, 1985, EPA BATNEEC Guidance Notes, specified for a Zone, this use will be the principle one in the Code of Good Agricultural Practise to Protect Waters the one in that area. Where a sole use is indicated, other from Pollution by Nitrates and the Rural Environment uses will not be permitted in such areas in order to Protection Scheme Guidance Documents (and as may be ensure that the sole use referred to will be provided in amended), as appropriate. order to support the primary use of the area as a whole. Unzoned land will be regarded as zoned A. It should be noted that certain agricultural developments may require an Integrated Pollution Sole use areas will require to be protected from intrusion Control Licence and the Local Authority will not be able of other uses in the area as a whole. to deal with the environmental aspects of applications of this nature. Uses in a Zone that are in conflict with the use zoning objectives shall be regarded as non conforming uses. While the policy will be to secure conformity of use 4.15 Electricity and Other Cables through discouragement of a continuation of non- conforming uses, it is recognised that from time to time, The Council will require that all cables in built up areas it may be necessary to allow minor building extension should be placed underground. In rural areas, and alterations within a non-conforming use area to particularly where consideration of visual amenity allow for continuity of use, provided that the continued requires it, the Planning Authority may stipulate that use does not prejudice the proper planning and cables must be placed underground for all or part of development of the area and the preservation and their length, or to be re-routed in order to avoid injury improvement of amenities thereof. to amenity. The Planning Authority is concerned at the wholesale destruction of hedgerow trees which has become a feature of cable route maintenance and will seek to curtail this practice in the interests of amenity.

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Landuse Zoning Matrix

GP – Generally Permissible OC – Open to Consideration NP – Not Permissible

AA 1HI M O SR T Advertisement NP NP NP GP GP NP OC GP Bed & Breakfast OC OC NP NP NP NP OC GP Car Park NP NP GP GP GP OC OC GP Cash and Carry NP NP NP GP NP NP OC NP Caravan Parks OC OC NP NP NP NP NP OC Casual Trading NP NP NP NP NP NP OC NP Cemetery OC OC NP NP GP NP NP NP Cinema NP NP NP NP NP NP GP NP Civic Amenity OC OC NP OC NP NP OC NP Creche / Playschool Playgroup OC OC NP NP NP NP GP NP Cultural / Heritage Building OC OC NP NP GP NP OC OC Dance Hall / Disco NP NP NP NP NP NP OC OC Education OC OC NP NP GP NP OC NP Enterprise Centre OC NP OC GP NP NP OC NP Farm Building GP OC NP NP NP NP NP NP Farm Dwelling GP OC NP NP NP NP NP NP Funeral Home NP NP NP OC NP NP OC NP Golf Course GP GP NP NP NP OC NP OC Guest House OC OC NP NP NP NP OC GP Halting Site OC NP NP NP NP NP OC NP Health Centre OC OC NP NP GP NP GP OC Hospital NP NP NP NP GP NP OC NP Hostel / Hotel OC OC NP NP NP NP OC GP Industry – Light OC NP OC GP NP NP OC NP Industry – Other NP NP NP GP NP NP NP NP Motor Repair Garage OC NP NP OC NP NP OC NP Motor Sales OC NP NP OC NP NP OC NP Office OC NP OC OC OC NP GP OC Off Licence NP NP NP NP NP NP GP NP Petrol Station OC NP NP OC NP NP OC NP Place of Public Worship OC NP NP NP GP NP OC NP Playing Surface OC OC NP NP GP OC OC GP Public House OC NP NP NP NP NP GP OC Sports/Leisure OC OC NP NP GP NP OC GP Residential OC OC NP NP NP NP GP OC Nursing Home OC NP NP NP GP NP OC NP Restaurant OC NP NP NP NP NP GP GP Retail Comparison Goods1 NP NP NP GP NP NP OC NP Retail Convenience Goods1 OC NP NP NP NP NP GP OC Storage Depot, Warehouse OC NP OC GP NP NP OC NP Takeaway NP NP NP NP NP NP OC OC Transport Depot OC NP NP GP NP NP NP NP Veterinary Surgery OC NP NP NP NP NP OC NP Waste Disposal Site OC NP NP OC NP NP NP NP Waste Water Treatment Plant OC OC OC OC OC NP OC OC

Note1 Convenience goods are food etc and other general shops. Comparison goods are other outlets, which cannot be classified as convenience goods outlets

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 121 Chapter 4: Development Control and Standards

Zone A: To Protect and Improve Rural Amenity and to Provide for the Development of Agriculture Zone A1 To Provide for the Preservation and Improvement of the Scenic and Recreational Amenity of the Area, the Preservation of Views and Prospects over the Coastline and the Development of Agriculture. Zone H: To Provide for Harbour Related Activities. Zone I: To Provide for Industrial Development. Zone M: To Provide for Institutional Development. Zone OS: To Preserve Open Space Amenity, Recreational Open Space and Riverside Amenity (which includes the Preservation of Footpaths, Rights-of-way, Trees and Hedgerows). Zone R: Primarily Residential and to Protect and Enhance the Special Physical and Social Character of Town and Village Centres and to Improve Infrastructure. Zone R1 To Provide for High Density Residential Development (in excess of 10 houses per hectare (or more than 4 houses per acre)). Zone R2 To Provide for Low Density Residential Development (less than 10 houses per hectare (or less than 4 houses per acre)). Zone T: To provide for the development of intensive tourist uses, including the provision of temporary accommodation.

Key to Different Land Use Zones

To Provide for the Development of Agriculture, to Provide for a Clear Physical Demarcation G13 A to the Adjoining Urban Area and to Provide for the Erection of Dwellings for the Personal Habitation of Existing Landowners and their Immediate Families.

To Provide for the Preservation and Improvement of the Scenic and Recreational Amenity J 4 A 1 of the Area, the Preservation of Views and Prospects over the Coastline and the Development of Agriculture.

To Protect and Improve Rural Amenity and Provide for the Development of Agriculture. O 5 A 2

A 8 P To Provide for Public Utilies

H 1 Coastal Zone

N 6 H To Provide for Harbour Related Activities

N 9 I To Provide for Industrial Land Use

C 10 M To Provide for Institutional Development To Provide for Open Space Amenity, Recreational Open Space and Riverside Amenity O S F 16 (which includes the Preservation of Footpaths, Rights-of-way, Trees and Hedgerows)

Primarily Residential and to Protect and Enhance the Special Physical and Social Character D 8 R of Town and Village Centres and to Improve Infrastructure

To Provide for High Density Residential Development (in excess of 10 houses per hectare R 1 D 4 (or 4 per acre))

To Provide for Low Density Residential Development (less than 10 houses per hectare (4 per F 1 R 2 acre))

To Provide for the Development of Intensive Tourist Uses, including the Provision of T G 1 Temporary Accommodation

122 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1

Road Improvement Programme

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 123 Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m R 677 SR 1998 1,000 5,790 17,370 461,980 From Rahoughtragh Bridge towards K52 RRRR 680R 673 671-1 684 RR 634 RR RR RR 1998 SR 1998 1,514 1998 1,000 9,845 1,000 1998 5,400 1998 80,000 6,000 800 37,260 1,000 80,000 41,400 117,260 8,000 6,100 171,560 64,000 18,300 235,560 253,860 Dock Road, Dunmore Churchquarter Ardmore Tallow LSLS 6127-0LS 5123-0 6067-0 SRLSLS RRLS 6066-0 SR 1998 7076-0 1,000 5009-0 1998 1,500 3,900 SR 1998 SR 11,700 1,200 4,500 SR 538,805 31,050 4,080 1998 1998 583,355 12,240 1,500 1998 1,200 613,595 2,000 7,425 4,500 22,295 6,000 13,500 704,320 18,000 717,820 735,820 D31 Kilmurray L108 Coolanheen Kilkeaney Kinsalebeg toward Ballygarret L32 Knocknaboul LSLSLS 6083-0LS 7013-0 5040-0 6050-0 RR SR SR SR 1998 1998 1,500 1998 500 1,400 4,500 1998 2,000 31,050 1,500 7,000 380,710 6,000 21,000 4,800 386,710 407,710 14,400 444,610 Cloncoskerrin to Barnawee Bridge Y2 Claddagh Ballyanchor Y1 Knockanearis LS 7034-0 SR 1998 1,290 4,300 12,900 130,160 Sections of Grawn Boreen Two LPLPLP 1038-0 4202-0LP 3004-0LP RRLP 4073-0 RRLP 3062-0 SR 1033-0 1998 4137-0 SR 1998 1,250 SR 1998 500 6,000 RR 1,000 RR 1998 3,000 41,125 1,500 4,500 1998 503,105 24,000 1998 13,500 1,000 527,105 6,000 1998 1,050 552,305 18,000 4,750 450 4,200 601,355 14,250 3,600 28,980 627,845 656,825 25,200 682,025 Kilmanahan Kilsheelan Bridge to inc. with C13 Ballymacaw - Leperstown Coxtown Hill Ballycoe Racecourse Road, Tramore Carrowgarriff LPLPLP 3017-0 1033-0 4301-0LP SR RR 4078-0 RR 1998 1998 SR 1998 950 2,000 500 4,200 8,000 1998 12,600 3,500 55,200 1,500 266,460 321,660 28,000 349,660 From Foley's house towards Foxes Castle 7,500 22,500 430,210 Ballyduff Tournageeha, Passage Streets Kilcop - Woodstown Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

124 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m R 677 SR 1998 2,000 12,000 36,000 873,379 Whitestown RRR 678 669-0R 678 SR RR 680 RR 1998 1998R 1,000R 200R 7,000 RR 1998 2,400 708 1,000 21,000 16,560 683 941,779 7,000 671 1999 958,339 RR 48,300 1,385 1,055,389 RR 9,006 SR 1999 73,184 1,000 1999 73,184 Poulnagunogue to Lyreanearla 1999 6,000 400 Clonea Village 1,500 39,600 3,200 9,450 Shanbally 235,718 21,120 28,350 284,438 312,788 Airport Rd., (Killure) Carriglea Clough LSLSLS 7074-0 5021-0 6038-0 RR SR SR 1998 1998 1,500 1,000 1998 6,750 3,000 976 46,575 9,000 803,095 2,928 812,095 8,784 837,379 Crough towards Glenanhooka Monamon Y6 Ballynamona LSLS 6013-0LS 8008-0 6017-0 SR SR SR 1998 1,000 1998 2,700 1998 1,300 3,000 8,100LS 4,550 11,700 920,779 13,650 35,100 7038-0 971,989 1,007,089 SR Y36 Castlemiles 1999 1,000 L79 Fountain 3,500 Rathanny 10,500 323,288 Ballydwane to Brenan LT 20045-0LT RR 10281-0 1998 SR 416 1,414 1999 9,757 1,085,186 1,200 3,600 10,800 196,118 L116 Killeanagh Mogeha, Millstreet LP 4022-0 SR 1998 1,000 5,500 16,500 828,595 Carrols X - Ballyshunnock LPLP 5115-0 4500-0 SR RR 1998 1998 1,000 450 3,500 3,600 10,500 28,800 883,879 912,679 Portlaw Streets Barracree LPLP 4016-0LPLP 3036-0LP 2026-0 SR 3051-0LP 1038-0 SR RR 1998 1033-0 SR 1,670 RR 1998 6,680 1999 590 RR 1999 1,569 20,040 1999 2,760 1,075,429 1,268 1,100 8,159 8,284 5,962 1999 56,296 1,093,470 5,500 1,000 17,888 129,480 37,950 147,368 Coolgadden - Carrigadustra 4,000 185,318 27,600 263,318 Kill village to Ballylaneen Georgestown to Whitestown D53 Loskeran Kilmanahan Knocknacrooha Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Work Year Length TotalWork Estimated Cumulative of Justification L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 125 Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m R 673R SR 674-4 1999 SR 1,600 8,640 1999 25,920 1,000 387,008 6,000 18,000 483,539 Crossford Boolavonteen LS 6079-0LSLSLSLS 6050-0 RRLS 7024-0LS 5087-1LS 8065-0LS 6034-0 SR 1999 7033-0 SR 1,600 5062-0 SR 8002-0 SR 4,320 SR 1999 SR 1999 29,808 1,500 RR 1999 1,000 SR 1999 453,539 1,000 4,800 1999 1,600 4,000 1999 14,400 1,500 3,000 1999 12,000 1,000 4,800 1999 520,439 1,448 4,050 9,000 532,439 14,400 1,466 4,000 541,439 12,150 4,344 555,839 12,000 4,400 567,989 29,973 579,989 13,200 Downey's Cross to Durrow 609,962 Y66 Mongally 623,162 Y1 Knockanearis St. Bridgets Hall towards Briska Callaghane - Lane Y53 Bawnagarrane Road, Annestown Valley Sillaheens LT 51202-0 SR 1999 797 2,391 7,173 410,081 Shanballyanne LPLPLP 1006-0 4139-0LP 3029-0LP SR 4058-0 RRLP 3201-0 SR 1999 4078-0 SR 1999 1,050 SR 1999 450 5,000 1,000 SR 1999 3,150 15,750 1,300 5,300 1999 22,050 339,038 15,900 1,000 361,088 4,550 1999 402,908 13,650 1,500 4,000 423,731 12,000 7,500 Five cross roads to Stradbally Village 465,539 22,500 506,039 Coolnacoppogue - Cullencastle Five cross roads to Stradbally Village Coolowen Pond Road Kilcop - Woodstown Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

126 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m SR 1999 1,500 6,000 18,000 670,054 Ballymoat RR 1999 482 1,446 9,977 652,054 Halfway R 677 SRR 1999 1,000 678 6,500 19,500 704,404 RR Railway Bridge towards Keatings 1999 1,000 5,000 34,500 969,454 Rathgormack to Monadiha LS 6079-0LS 6036-0 RRLSLS SR 1999 5022-0 500 8047-0 1999 1,350 1,500 SR 9,315 SR 4,950 632,477 14,850 1999LS 1999 684,904LS 1,500 1,300LS 5071-0 4,500 8064-0 4,550 13,500 13,650 7064-0 820,924 SR 834,574 SR Y83 Curragh RR 1999 2000 Y6 Ardo 1,250 2,500 Ballymacaw - Rathmoylan 2000 5,000 1,000 7,500 14,996 Glenribbeen 1,093,450 22,500 4,500 31,050 22,500 65,880 Ballyneale to Bishopstown Ballygunner Lane LT 96691-0 SRLT 1999 61011-0 800 2,400 SR 7,200 894,904 2000 1,500 4,110 12,330 34,830 Ballynoe D15 Scrahans LP 3022-0LPLPLP SRLP 1018-2 4208-0 2019-0LP 3004-0 1999LP SR RR 800LP 2022-0 SRLP 3064-0 RR 3,200 1999LP 4022-0 1999LP 9,600 2,000 2015-0 RR 1999LP RR 1999 400 642,077 10,000LP 1,500 1001-0 1,000 4500-0 RR 30,000 3,200 2001-0 8,100 SR 1999 Briska Lower towards 4,000 3057-0 734,404 1999 21,120 24,300 SR 600 27,600 1,000LP 755,524 RR 1999 779,824LP RR 1999 807,424 2,700 5,000 RR 500 1,500 1019-1 1999 18,630 34,500 4016-0 1999 3,000 1,000 853,204 6,750 1999 887,704 1999 19,800 350 1,000 20,250 4,500 RR 1,000 Strand, Dunmore East 914,704 RR Military Rd. to 934,954 2,450 13,500 6,000 D118 Whitechurch 5,000 19,600 982,954 41,400 Tourin 2000 1,002,554 Knockafalla to Ballyclough 1,043,954 34,500 2000 1,078,454 300 460 D33 Lisfennell 1,800 Ballycahane - Portlaw 1,840 12,420 D65 Ballingowan 12,144 78,300 Ross towards Clonmoyle 90,444 Portlaw Streets Ballyheaphy L69 Fountain New Street, Lismore Caheruane Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 127 Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m RRR 676R 680R 628 SR 668-3 RR 671 RR 2000 SR 2000 965 RR 2000 1,050 6,754 2000 1,000 8,400 1,600 20,261 9,000 2000 55,440 132,364 9,600 62,100 244,418 550 28,800 306,518 3,465 345,818 23,969 396,187 Bends at Curraghduff Street, Tallow West Carrignagower Coolfin Ballygambon LSLS 6114-0 5090-0LS RRLS RRLS 8059-0LS 2000LS 7048-0 5055-47LS 1,047 2000 8020-0 RR 2,735 3,139 6047-0LS 7045-0 SR SR 21,659LS 8,205 RR 2000 112,103 56,614 6080-0 SRLS 1,000 7024-0 SR 2000 188,978LS 2000 1,000 4,000 2000 1,600 6052-0 SR 2000 26,400 1,000 7028-0 3,700 SR 2000 5,600 1,500 372,218 11,100 1,000 4,000 D7 Rathnameneenagh 16,800 5,100 SR 2000 407,287 26,400 424,087 4,500 SR 2000 15,300 1,312 450,487 Boolabrien Upper 13,500 1,000 465,787 3,739 2000 Four X Rds. - Kill St Nicholas 479,287 4,570 2000 11,217 1,600 13,710 1,000 508,504 4,320 522,214 4,000 12,960 Ballinlough to Whitestown 12,000 564,474 Coolnacreena Mill Road 576,474 Y43 Ballynaclash Ballybrack Y38 Ballindrumma Mahonys to Durrow Kilminnion to Durrow D2 Creggs LT 96731-0 RR 2000 384 1,037 7,155 605,979 Y87 Curragh LT 96761-0 SR 2000 1,000 3,500 10,500LT 317,018 50771-0 RR 2000 Shanawalla 500 1,500 10,350 586,824 Coolnabeasoon LPLP 1031-0 40261-0LPLP 1019-7 SR SR 4142-0LP RR 2000 2000 4050-0 RR 1,000 500 4,000 2000 SR 2000 2,000 12,000 250 400 491,287 6,000 1,000 497,287 2000 2,800 6,900 1,000 22,400 529,114 551,514 4,000 12,000 598,824 Kilcannon Church Lane, Lismore Lahardan Upper Branch Sugar Loaf Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

128 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m SRSRSRSR 2000 1,000 2000 2000 2,000 4,500 2000 1,840 13,500 1,500 8,000 5,428 619,479 24,000 6,750 16,284 674,529 20,250 690,813 711,063 N25 towards jnc. with K85 Ballynamoyntragh Y78 Goat Island At Flahavans Mills RRRR 2000 1,287 4,500 2000 31,050 320 650,529 960 6,624 717,687 Touraneena Ballymacarbry R 660R RR 666-3 2000 SR 1,000 4,000 2001 27,600 1,073,681 668 3,341 10,022 111,757 Kilgainey to Derrinlaur Woodville LSLSLS 6044-0 7050-0LS 8004-0LS SR 7005-0 SR 8016-0 SR 2000 RR 2000 1,600 1,000 RR 2000LS 4,800 1,000 4,000 2000LS 14,400LS 1,000 12,000 6112-0 4,000 2000 748,587 760,587 1,000 12,000 4,000 5023-0 6085-0 791,787 27,600 4,000 SR 848,547 26,400 SR SR 888,257 2000 2001 From Kilnafrehan to Kilgobnet 710 Dunhill Castle & Fenor Y42 Ticknock 2001 2,000 2,120 2,319 Ballyboy 6,000 6,363 6,957 1,093,076 18,000 20,870 80,865 101,735 Raheens D86 Gorteen D152 Glenbeg Salterbridge LTLT 50552-0 60652-0 RRLT RR 51201-0 2000 2000 643 SR 750 1,929 13,310 2,025 861,857 2000 13,973 1,448 902,230 4,344 13,032 1,086,713 Coolnagortboy L164 Knockalara Knockavannia LP 1056-0 RR 2001 150 1,300 8,970 120,727 Ballyduff Marian Tce, LP 40751-0LPLP 1004-0 SR 2019-0LP SRLP 2000LP SR 2,000LP 3060-0 1035-2 2000 5,500 4078-0 1,600 2005-0 2000 16,500LP RR 1,800 734,187 6,400 RR RR 19,200 3101-7 9,720 RR 2000 779,787 29,160 2000 1,500 2000 820,947 RR 2000 812 1,150 7,000 1,000 3,248 48,300 6,900 4,000 2001 950,530 22,411 45,540 1,018,481 27,600 1,822 972,941 Creadan 1,046,081 D69 Ballymomgglaga 9,011 62,865 Rath 62,865 Glendaloughin Touraneena N-70 Newport Ballyglan Kilmacthomas Streets Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 129 Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m RR 682RR 674 RR 678 634 SR 2001R RR 1,100 RRR 8,800 2001 665-0 2001 58,080 1,600 1,000 2001 178,807 11,040 677 RRR 7,000 600 33,120 48,300 269,767 3,660 RR 318,067 671-3 2001 25,254 1,100 359,321 2001 6,600 RR 1,000 45,540 516,401 Monvoy 6,000 2001 41,400 800 591,041 Lyreanearla Helvick 4,800 Town Tallow 33,120 708,711 Road Wood Ballinamult LS 7083-0LS RRLSLS 5054-0 2001 6112-0 1,000 7095-0 SRLS 4,000 SR 27,600 RR 5006-0 2001 220,807 1,000 2001LS 2001LS 1,500 3,000 SR 1,000 6020-0 4,500 9,000 4,600 7017-0 Harney's X to Moanyarha 395,921 13,500 2001 31,740 439,121 1,000 SR 470,861 SR 3,500 10,500 2001 Forge Ballyquin to Curraghmore 2001 601,541 1,500 1,000 D56 & D225 Seaview 5,400 Moneygorm 3,000 16,200 9,000 748,911 757,911 Ballyduff L85 Knockanore Ballykerogue LT 40264-0 SR 2001 800 2,800 8,400 524,801 Cullinagh LPLP 4140-0LP 4039-0LP RR 4145-0LP RR 3059-0 2001 4032-0 RR 2001 300LP RR 600 1,800 RR 2001LP 6116-0 14,400 2,400LP 2001 100LP 193,207 15,840 1,000 4052-0 2001 2,000LP 236,647 2003-0 RR 1,000 4,000 3033-0 16,000 27,600 334,067 4,500 4007-0 RR RR 2001 386,921 29,700 SR 1,000 425,621 SR 2001 3,600 2001 Patrick Street 1,000 2001 24,840 1,000 1,000 4,000 2001 549,641 Bawnfune 4,950 Sheskin Hill to 26,400 1,600 4,500 34,150 Promenade 627,941 13,500 8,000 662,091 675,591 24,000 Mount Bolton 732,711 Ballynaclogh - Ballyscanlon D54 Gortnadiha Bonmahon to Kilmacthomas Ballynaclogh - Ballymorris L15 Kileenagh Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

130 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m SRSRSR 2001 2,500 2001 2001 1,500 7,500 800 22,500 6,450 780,411 3,500 19,350 826,161 10,500 836,661 From Shanbally towards Durrow Cross D64 Bleach Lyre RR 2001 1,000 4,000 26,400 806,811 Ballydurn R 680 RR 2002 1,050 8,400 55,440 175,477 Coolfin LSLS 7056-0LS 6062-0LS 7052-0 SRLSLS 7014-0 SR 5034-0 RR 2001LS 5075-0 1,000LS RR 2001 6003-0 4,000 SR 2001 1,500 RR 1,500 12,000 6005-0 4,725 2001 884,411 4,500 SR 2001 14,175 2002 801 31,050 1,100 SR 965,726 1,000 Sections Kilcanavee to Kilnagrange 996,776 3,004 4,400 2002 3,000 20,728 13,200 1,500 2002 1,071,220 20,700 1,084,420 1,631 6,000 20,700 18,000 4,812 69,750 14,437 From Clonea to Dalligan D83 Bewley 93,187 Ray-Weeo Aglish Knockmeal L23 Glennaglogh L124 Ballymoat LT 40251-0 SRLT 60841-0 2001 800 RRLT 2,800LT 9,240 50412-0 2001 858,501 51151-0 954 SR 2,385 SR 16,456 2002 1,050,492 1,000 2002 1,000 3,000 Ballydurn 3,000 9,000 78,750 9,000 102,187 Y77 Glenlickey Ballinvella Scart Upper LP 4076-0 RR 2002 1,000 6,000 39,600 215,077 Kilmacomb - Fairybush LPLP 1034-0LPLP 2016-0 1020-0 SRLP 4078-0 RR 1048-0 SR 2001 RRLP 1,200 2001LP 4,200 RR 2001 560 2024-0 2001 1028-48 12,600 1,200 2,016 1,150 849,261LP 7,200 2001 13,910 6,900 SR SR 1,200 21,600 872,411 45,540 1029-1 906,011 5,400 951,551 2002 37,260 2002 1,034,036 1,500 SR 1,200 6,750 Mountaincastle 3,600 20,250 2002 D183 Villierstown 10,800 40,950 1,700 51,750 Dromina - Raheen 5,950 Roundhill 17,850 120,037 Nire Road X D134 Walsh's Ballyard Moneygorm Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 131 Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m SRSRSRSR 2002 2002 1,000 2,000 2002 4,500 2002 10,000 1,000 13,500 1,000 30,000 2,700 695,444 725,444 3,000 8,100 9,000 780,944 789,944 Bunmahon to Kilmacthomas Regional Road A26 to Ballydurn X Rds Knockmealdown D96 Dromore RRRRRR 2002 700 2002 2002 6,000 600 1,000 47,400 4,200 772,844 2,950 28,980 20,355 818,924 839,279 Riverstown Road D67 Dromana Touraneena RR 678RR 671 RR 673 678 SR 2002 SR 1,000 RR 2002 1,500 7,000 2002 48,300 9,450 2002 1,650 389,462 1,000 28,350 8,910 444,212 6,000 26,730 41,400 504,692 546,092 Glenpatrick to Harney's X Feddans towards Rathgormack Kilmaloo Liskeelty LSLSLSLS 8043-0 7089-0 8019-0 7088-0 SRLS RR RR RR 7074-0 2002LS 2002 1,000 2002LS 1,000 2002 1,000 5056-0 3,500 RR 1,000 4,000LS 10,500 4,000 6081-0 27,600 3,760 249,727 26,400 RR 2002 277,327 26,875 8014-0 303,727 1,000 RR 330,602 3,500 2002 RR 24,150 1,000 Knockalafalla to Ballynoysert 2002 468,362 1,000 3,000 2002 20,700 3,200 Corballymore 1,000 566,792 22,080 Carrickanure Clashdog towards Glenstown 4,000 609,872 Ballingarra 26,400 672,872 Y38 Ballycurrane Newtown Carrickphillip LS 7055-0 RR 2002 1,000 3,000 20,700 859,979 Graigue LT 70011-0 RR 2002 1,000 3,500 24,150 239,227LT From jnc. with D147 to McGrath's gate 60512-0 SR 2002 1,120 3,024 9,072 681,944 D96 Cooneen LPLP 4005-0LP 4080-0 RR 4081-0LP RRLP 2002LP 4016-0 SR 2002 200 3051-0 1,000 1036-0 1,600 SR 2002 4,000 10,560 SR 800 26,400 341,162 SR 2002 415,862 3,200 2,000 2002 9,600 2002 1,000 7,000 477,962 1,500 21,000 4,700 7,500 587,792 14,100 22,500 Portlaw Streets 623,972 646,472 Ballyvoreen Halfwayhouse Newtown to Whitestown Knockaderry Ardpaddin Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Road Work Year Length Total Estimated Cumulative Justification of Work L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

132 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 1: Road Improvement Programme sq.m LS 6017-0 RR 2002 580 2,260 15,568 1,094,430 L79 Fountain LSLSLS 6130-0LSLS 5111-0LS 6072-0 5010-1 SR 6109-0 5120-0 SR RR SR 2002 RR 1,000 SR 2002 2002 1,200 2,900 2002 1,000 2002 1,700 3,600 8,700 2002 1,000 3,200 897,659 10,800 1,000 6,800 22,080 3,660 933,544 20,400 3,300 955,624 25,234 976,024 1,001,258 9,900 1,011,158 D133 Ballymacmague Lackendarra D153 Barnastook D98 Canty Reanadampaun Cool LTLT 20335-0LT 20334-0LT 10311-0 SR 10196-0 SR RR 2002 RR 2002 832 2002 563 2,471 2002 320 1,689 7,413 200 1,018,571 960 5,067 1,500 1,041,638 6,624 1,048,262 10,350 1,078,862 D143 Ballinamona D210 Monagoush Glen Lower Park's Road LPLP 1025-0 3038-0 RRLP RR 2002LP 1002-1 1,200 2002 1,089 4,200 2036-0 SR 28,980 3,612 888,959 25,085 SR 2002 922,744 Stoneybrook Lodge towards Kilmacthomas 1,200 2002 6,000 1,500 18,000 1,036,571 6,750 20,250 1,068,512 Glenafalla Knockadullaun D57 Pulla Cat. No. Cat. m Area Cost £ Cost £ Road Work Year Length TotalWork Estimated Cumulative of Justification L=Local RR=Road Reconstruction R=Regional SR=Surface Restoration R=Regional SR=Surface

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 133 134 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 2

Areas of Scientific Interest

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 135 136

Name of site Grid Reference pNHA No. Summary of interest 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 2:AreasofScientificInterest Ardmore lead mine X199773 - An early Irish lead mine probably dating from the 7th-9th Century.

Ardmore Pier X195774 - Sedimentary rocks exposed, marking the Devonian/Carboniferous transition.

Ballin Lough (pNHA) S4403 1691 Shallow, nutrient-rich lake in hills, surrounded by reeds.

Ballycraddock S506052 - Good exposure of volcanic rock types including rhyolite and andesite

Ballyeelinan Wood (pNHA) X2180 1692 Wooded valley by sea with fast stream and waterfall. Undisturbed northern end with oak.

Ballyquinn X212803 - Good sequence of the local rock type is exposed on the beach.

Ballyvoyle Hd –Tramore (pNHA) X4598 1693 Coastal section of complex geology (volcanic and sedimentary) and scenery, good development of heath with some nesting seabirds. Geological sites include Stradbally Cove (X370970), Ballydowane Bay (X408978), Bunmahon Head (X428982), Stage Cove (X447984), Dunabrattan Head (X477984), Kilfarrasey Strand (X526982), Garrarus Strand and Lady’s Cove (X547982), Ronan’s Bay (X566986): Dane’s Island (X417977) has a series of Bronze Age copper mines.

Belle Lake (pNHA) S6605 0659 Shallow lake with marginal and submerged plant communities of note: also wintering birds, especially swans.

Black Rock X200798 - Shale-rich limestones exposed on beach.

Blackwater River & Estuary X0890 0072 Drowned river valley with wet woodland and good floodplain marshes. Important (pNHA, pcSAC) for wintering birds at Kinsalebeg and Youghal.

Blackwater River callows X0199 0073 The river valley above Cappoquin, with flooding grassland, abandoned river (pNHA, pcSAC) channels and considerable importance for winter birdlife.

Carrickavrantry reservoir S5402 0660 Artificial lake (also called Ballyshunnock) with water of exceptional clarity and a (pNHA) rich variety of aquatic plants, many of them rare in the county.

Castlecraddock Bog (pNHA) S4902 1695 Interesting swamp vegetation in a shallow, peaty basin beside Lissaviron Bog.

Comeragh Mountains S2911 1952 Sandstone plateau with glaciated, corrie lakes (including Coumshingaun, Sgilloge (pNHA, pcSAC) Loughs) along the margins. Erosion has stripped much of the peat and the cliff and lake vegetation is more valuable than the blanket bog.

Creadan Head S7203 2116 Coastal heath in good condition.

Crushea X204079 - Well-exposed sequence of local rock types on each side of a fault.

Cullen Castle S565042 - The Castle is built on an unusual, coarse volcanic conglomerate with glass. Name of site Grid Reference pNHA No. Summary of interest

Curraun Bog (pNHA, pcSAC) S2803 1897 Valuable fragments of blanket bog and heath vegetation at southern end of Comeraghs.

Dungarvan Harbour X2791 0663 Large estuarine bay which dries out considerably at low tide giving mudflats. (pNHA, pcSAC) Some marginal saltmarshes and sandy beaches but birdlife is the main interest, with major wintering flocks.

Dunhill Castle Quarry S507007 - Small quarry across stream from the Castle showing varied beds of volcanic ash and tuff that characterise the Tramore Formation (Ordovician).

Dunmore East cliffs (pNHA) S6900 0664 Large kittiwake (gull) colonies on several cliffs, well-studied.

Fennor Bog (pNHA) S5301 1697 Small acidic marsh with interesting wetland communities

Glenanna Wood (pNHA) X2581 1698 Deep gorge running to the coast below Ballymacart with nutrient-rich woodland

Glencairn (pNHA) W9798 2095 Important roost of Leisler’s bat in private house

Glenmore Wood (pNHA) R9900 1933 Oak woodland in a side branch of the Blackwater valley. Good vegetational development with small amounts of introduced species

Helvick Head (pNHA) X3189 0665 Coastal heathland vegetation above sizeable seabird colonies

Islandtarnsey Fen (pNHA) S5501 0666 Reedswamp and other vegetation of interest, relatively rare in the south-east. 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Kilbarry Bog (pNHA) S6009 1700 Remnant marsh and reedswamp south of Waterford City

Kilsheelin Lake (pNHA) S2623 1701 Nutrient-rich lake with large bird and fish populations including, at one time, carp. Appendix 2:AreasofScientificInterest

King’s Channel (pNHA) S6410 1702 Saltmarsh fringe to the Suir estuary below Waterford. Good vegetational development.

Knockmahon Bridge X435984 - Pillow lavas exposed in roadside outcrops.

Lady Doneraile’s Cove S580008 - Mixed shales and limestones showing a complex history in the local rocks: the upper rocks are partly fossiliferous.

Lismore Woods (pNHA) S0402 0667 Species-rich woodland of oak and hazel, probably surviving since ancient times. Some interference by introduced shrubs, Rhododendron and laurel.

Lissaviron Bog (pNHA) S4800 1705 Acidic peaty marsh with interesting parallels to neighbouring wetlands

Lower River Suir (pNHA) S4914 0399 Damp marshy fields around Coolfin used by wintering wildfowl. The river itself is an important site for various rare fishes.

Newtown Cove X568993 - Rock sequences related to those at Lady Doneraile’s Cove to the north. 137 138 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Name of site Grid Reference pNHA No. Summary of interest Appendix 2:AreasofScientificInterest

Nire valley woods (pNHA) S2414 0668 Semi-natural patches of woodland on the western slopes of the Comeragh Mts. Full range of wildlife though some introduced species also.

Portlaw Woo

Stradbally Woods (pNHA) X3597 1707 Mature estate woodland along the valley of the River Tay.

Tallow church (pNHA) W9993 0670 Large and important bat roost occurs in the roof of this disused church

Toor Wood (pNHA) S2919 1708 Small deciduous woodland with oak and ash, surrounded by conifers. Some exotic species.

Tramore Dunes/Backstrand S6100 0671 High dunes and beach with unusual plant communities protect a saltmarsh and (pNHA, SPA, pcSAC) sandy estuary, important for birdlife in winter.

Waterford Harbour (pNHA) S7005 0787 Mudflats with wading birds occur on the western shore of the Harbour where there is also some associated marsh vegetation.

Whiting Bay X162773 - Rock section exposed on beach includes varied sandstones with ripple marks and limestones, some rich in chert, others in iron.

pNHA Proposed Natural Heritage Area

SPA: Special Protection Area (SPA) for birdlife under EU Birds Directive (79/409/EEC)

pcSAC candidate Special Area of Conservation (SAC) under Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) Appendix 2: Areas of Scientific Interest

Areas of Scientific Interest

Waterford has a number of natural features of white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes, high scientific interest, from both an ecological pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera and and geological point of view. The coastline is several fish - the shad Alosa fallax and lampreys noteworthy, especially the stretch west of Tramore Petromyzon marinus and Lampetra fluviatilis. The with its unique volcanic rocks, the sands of Suir system, Blackwater, Clodiagh, Mahon, Tay and Tramore Bay and the mudflats of Dungarvan Licky share some of these organisms (Lucey, Harbour, much used by wintering birds. The pers.comm.) and precautionary measures may Blackwater and Suir Rivers are also a feature of the need to be taken to protect them. county, their channels and riverside marshes supporting diverse aquatic communities. The The areas listed in this plan should be considered ancient woodlands in the side valleys near Lismore the most important of the known sites - places and at Curraghmore near Portlaw have their own where conservation will have the highest priority. special value while there is further interesting wet There is also, however, a second tier of sites where woodland along the Bride. Finally there is the heritage values are significant but as yet (because remarkable series of glacial coums or corries cut in they are widespread), of more local importance. the eastern side of the They include sites that have amenity value in a which are some of the best in the country. The recreational sense as well as those that are useful blanket bog on this plateau is now much eroded as educational areas because of their location or but still contains a few areas of interest, some of quality. In general they will come to light during the only such bog in the south-east of Ireland. the planning process, for example when Environmental Impact Statements or local plans A descriptive list of sites is included in the are being prepared and a public input sought. preceding table of this appendix. The sites are not given an importance rating such as local or Policy national value. This is because it is impossible to be It is the policy of the Council to protect all areas of objective in comparing one site with another. The scientific interest and their environs by means of numbers or diversity of birds or plants may be development control and land use planning. It is contrasted but it is difficult to make a case that a recognised also as important to retain local bird site is more or less valuable than a plant site diversity wherever possible in order to enrich the or that a river is more important than a rock landscape and the human environment. Broad exposure. As well as this, all ecological sites are scale policies for forestry, tourism or water incompletely known as yet and until all groups management will also be assessed for their (especially invertebrate animals) have been ecological consequences. examined, it is better not to try to compare them. The Council will deal with sites on a case by case The numbered sites in the Table have already been basis when assessing the impacts of plans or recognised by Dúchas, the Heritage Service, as projects. Site protection will be achieved by designated areas and are listed on a habitat or minimising possible physical impacts on the sites. species basis. They are representative examples of Attention will be given to effects that may operate various natural communities or resting places for at a distance, especially with regard to water in its particular animals/birds. Additional areas will capacity to transport pollutants and nutrients for come to light in the future and may also be great distances. designated. Some of these will be concerned with specially protected plants or animals such as the

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 139 140 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 3

Multi-Annual Programme 1998-2000 for Small Public Water Schemes

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 141 142 1999 Waterford County Development Plan NAME OF SCHEME TYPE OF YEAR EST. POP. HOUSES TYPE OF SUPPLY (m3/d) STORAGE Water Mains Replacement SCHEME COST £ SERVED SERVED TREATMENT DOM COM IND CAPACITY (m3)

Ballyogarty U 1998 67,200 500 123 6 123 0 22 N.A.

Boolavoonteen U 1998 12,500 160 40 6 58 0 7 N.A.

Tooraneena U 1998 12,500 50 16 6 57 0 25 N.A.

Inchinleamy U 1998 15,000 56 14 6 9 0 8 N.A

Dunmore East U 1998 25,000 2,148 540 3,4,6 246 64 10 450 Appendix 3:Multi-AnnualProgramme1998-2000forSmallPublicWater Scheme

Ardmore U 1998 5,000 1,280 320 6 210 30 10 270

Strancally U 1998 20,000 60 15 6 10 0 4 N.A

Grange / Ballybrusa U 1998 10,000 100 25 6 12 0 4 N.A

Grallagh U 1998 10,000 120 30 6 45 0 5 N.A

Faha U 1999 32,000 60 14 6 14 0 0 N.A

Mellerey U 1999 28,000 212 40 6 58 0 7 N.A

Ballymacarbery U 1999 5,000 430 118 6,4 100 16 20 N.A

Tallow Hill U 1999 20,000 80 21 6 29 0 19 N.A 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Dunmore East U 1999 10,000 2,148 540 3,4,6 246 64 10 450

Shanacoole U 1999 30,000 100 25 6 24 0 1 N.A

Ballyguiry U 1999 5,000 72 18 6 24 0 3 N.A

Ring / Helvick / Seaview U 1999 40,000 1,100 224 4,6 230 0 56 N.A

Modeligo U 2000 28,000 230 58 6 70 0 45 N.A

Kilmanahan U 2000 16,000 80 19 6 15 0 5 N.A

Kilbrien U 2000 8,000 80 34 6 40 0 10 N.A

Carraignagower U 2000 20,000 140 32 6 27 0 26 N.A

Portlaw U 2000 35,000 1,400 350 6 376 8 16 345

Tallow U 2000 5,000 1,200 300 4,6 160 20 20 364

Ballylaneen U 2000 88,000 920 229 3,4,6 142 0 94 N.A 143 144 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4

Scenic Landscape Evaluation

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 145 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

1. Terms of Reference

This evaluation of landscape is based on a number of site visits and consultation with the planning department of Waterford County Council. Reference is made to various materials including the CORINE Land Cover Project, the proposed Natural Heritage Areas and The National Coastline Study. The Waterford County Development Plan (1992) is referred to for Amenity Designations and land use policy. The ‘Scenic Route’ designations from the Michelin 1/400,000 Map of Ireland are also referred to. Reference has also been made to tourist literature in the County Waterford area.

The assessment is based on a combination of field observations and experience of similar projects together with reference to existing designated areas in County Waterford.

2. Landscape Protection and Problem Definition

"Preservation of views and prospects and of amenities of places and features of natural beauty or interest (Part IV (7), 3rd schedule (S19) LG (PD)A 1963"

The above, from the 1963 Planning Act, aims to protect views, prospects and amenities in the landscape. At the heart of this effort lies a highly complex interaction between the landuses which take place in the countryside, the appearance of those landuses when viewed from certain locations and the reaction of viewers to their appearance.

This interaction is made more complex because the landuses are constantly changing in response to economic demands. Meanwhile the aesthetic response of viewers varies according to their cultural background and may change over time, as a society’s cultural sensibilities develop and grow.

The objective of this legislation is faced with difficulties because: -

It seeks to "preserve" (prevent change) a landscape which always has and always will change. It assumes that there are fixed reference points as to what constitutes "features of natural beauty" when in fact these vary from individual to individual and from time to time. This analysis also highlights the legal insecurity of any development control measure - such as designations on account of "natural beauty" - which could limit the development rights of private property. It is inconceivable that designations on the grounds of "natural beauty" alone could be legally justified as being based upon judicious, replicable, objective or equitable criteria.

The recently published "Guidelines on Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment" gives a clear definition of the relationship between visual and landscape impacts. Visual issues are only one small part of a wide range of issues which contribute to the character or distinctiveness of a landscape. Similarly, the EPA Guidelines on the information to be contained in Environmental Impact Statements states: -

The topic has two separate but closely related aspects. The first aspect to be considered is visual impacts, focusing on the extent to which new development can be seen. The second aspect is impacts on the character of the landscape, examining responses that are felt towards the combined effects of the new development. This topic is complex because it encompasses many other impacts such as noise, odours, ecology, history and because attempts to scientifically measure feelings and perceptions are not reliable. Cross references with appropriate specialist topics such as ecology, archaeology and architectural history are very important.

1 CORINE Land Cover Project (Ireland) is a digital land cover database of Ireland in GIS ARC/INFO format. It is based on the visual interpretation of satellite imagery and the allocation of land cover types to one of 44 standard land cover classes (CORINE Nomenclature). There may be an occasional conflict between the CORINE land cover classes and what actually appears on the ground.

146 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

3. Objectives

The objective of this landscape study is to establish a method which would provide the basis for arriving at landscape designations. It should be based on objective and easily replicable techniques. This method will be used to protect areas of high amenity by identification, categorisation and designation in the Waterford County Development Plan.

The main aims of these landscape designations will be to:

(a) Facilitate policy formulation by - having a rational and legal basis - creating an awareness of limitations and strengths

(b) Assist in development control by - providing criteria for decision making - alerting applicants and designers to the need for special design requirements in certain areas to facilitate the integration of development - focusing resources

(c) Be unambiguous - the designations should not be arbitrary - they should be systematic and easily replicable - they should be open ended and capable of being updated as further information becomes available

3.1 Limitations This report does not attempt to define the scenic quality of different parts of the county as it is very difficult to arrive at agreement on the mappable extent of scenic areas. There appears to be no objective means of defining the limits of physical and topographical features that go to make up a ‘scenic area’. The objective of this report, therefore, is to map the areas of the county, according to their capacity to absorb development without changing the distinctiveness and character of the landscape.

In other words, a landscape that could readily absorb development without disproportionately affecting the landscape would be a robust area. Areas where a development could easily cause a change in the character of the landscape and have impact over a wide area would be a sensitive area.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 147 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

4. Criteria for Evaluation

The protection of landscape and visual amenities should be carried out with reference to explicit criteria. These should be suitable for reference in decision making at all levels from county wide policy to site level. The criteria should be relevant to form the basis of an open ended system of protection which can be updated as the mapping of critical resources improves.

The criteria should form the basis of the protection afforded by such mapping or classification as may be included in the County Development Plan.

4.1 Capacity to Absorb Development The capacity of an area to visually absorb development is influenced by a combination of the following factors:-

1) Topography - development in elevated areas will usually be visible over a wide area; development in enclosed areas will not.

2) Vegetation - areas which support (or which have the potential to support) trees, tall hedges and woody vegetation can screen new development from view. Areas which cannot easily sustain such vegetation will be unlikely to screen new development.

3) Development - New development is less likely to be conspicuous in the context of existing development in the landscape.

In Summary Areas where enclosing topography, screening vegetation and/or existing development are present should have a high potential to absorb new development.

Areas of elevated topography, with low growing or sparse vegetation, with little existing development should have a low potential to absorb new development.

4.2 Disproportionate Visual Impacts Every landscape can be affected to some degree by new developments. For the purpose of development control, it is important to work out the extent of the land affected by the visual impacts of the proposed development. It is reasonable to assume that any evaluation of the visual impact of a proposed development should have regard to whether the area of the visual impact has been kept to a reasonable minimum, so that actions by an individual do not impose disproportionate effects on the community as a whole.

Skyline ridges, hill and mountain tops, coastlines, promontories, headlands, lake shores and banks of large rivers are all conspicuous features in the landscape. The eye is strongly drawn to such features, principally because strong contrasts of colour and form occur along these lines of contact between the land and the sky or water. New development on or in the vicinity of such natural features has a significant potential to be conspicuous over a wide area. For the purpose of this report, therefore, such landscape features are considered to have an extremely low potential to absorb new development without causing disproportionate visual impacts.

4.3 Degrees of Sensitivity The landscape is made up of a series of compartments each of which has a distinctive character. Each unit of character is assigned an indicator of sensitivity which indicates the extent to which the landscape will be vulnerable to change in its character. The categories will reflect the criteria of the capacity to absorb new development as well as the potential to create disproportionate visual impacts. Each unit of character can then become the focus of policy or development control.

148 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

The categories in the Sensitivity Zoning Key are as follows:

KEY DESCRIPTION

1 = Degraded Areas characterised by breakdown of natural processes or pollution (e.g. cut over bogs, old mineral waste areas)

2 = Robust Areas of existing development and infrastructure. New development reinforces existing desirable landuse patterns.

3 = Normal A common character type with a potential to absorb a wide range of new developments.

4 = Sensitive Distinctive character with some capacity to absorb a limited range of appropriate new developments while sustaining its existing character.

5 = Vulnerable Very distinctive features with a very low capacity to absorb new development without significant alterations of existing character over an extended area.

Fig. 1. Sensitivity Zoning Key

The determination of the limits of character zones should be based upon existing data which is mapped using objective, established and systematic techniques. The techniques should provide the highest level of resolution to facilitate development control at site specific scales of interpretation.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 149 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

5. Methodology

The methodology used for the project involved reference to the following information:

1. Waterford County Development Plan - Land use planning policy and information on development pressure and population change in the county. 2. Areas of High Amenity, Areas of Outstanding Amenity and Areas of Scientific Interest included in the County Development Plan 3. The CORINE Land Cover Project. 4. Ordnance Survey Maps scale 1:126,720 and 1: 50,000 Discovery Series (These were used to determine the location of peaks, ridges, coasts and shorelines). 5. National Coastline Study. 6. Tourist information, including brochures and information on designated walking routes, e.g. Walk Guide, East of Ireland. 7. Archaeological information for the county.

5.1 Mapping the Zones of Sensitivity Topographical and land cover information were used to determine the categories of land use sensitivity - Vulnerable, Sensitive, Normal, Robust and Degraded

A description of each of the categories is as follows:

5.1 (a)Vulnerable Areas included in this category were defined by mapping the shores of the main water bodies - lakes, large rivers, coasts, estuaries, promontories and headlands. The principal skylines were defined from the topographical map and illustrate where the ‘watershed line’ occurs. This is where the highest points along a ridge occur. As mentioned earlier, these are all conspicuous features of the natural landscape to which the eye is drawn because of strong contrasts of form and colour where there is contact between the land and sky or water. The skylines illustrated are the major skylines which are visible over a wide area (any area will occur against the skyline if viewed from a lower elevation).

5.1 (b) Sensitive Areas included in this category were determined by combining the following landuse categories from the CORINE Land Cover Project:-

Natural grassland Bare rocks Sparsely vegetated areas

Moors and heathland Transitional woodland scrub Beaches, dunes, sands

Estuaries Broad leaved forest Inland marshes

Salt marshes Peat bogs Intertidal flats

Water courses Water bodies Coastal lagoons

Mixed forest Agricultural land with significant areas of natural vegetation

These land-use categories include areas which are open and exposed with sparse or low growing vegetation cover which is insufficient to provide screening. Even if planting is introduced, the exposed nature of these areas will not support any significant tall vegetation. Due to this, any development would be visible over a wide area. The exception to this are broadleaved, mixed forest and transitional woodland scrub areas which do support tall vegetation with potential to screen development. However these categories are sensitive due to their natural character and their longevity in the landscape; any loss to their structure (such as tree felling or clearance) would have a visual impact over a wide area.

5.1 (c) Normal Areas included in this category were determined by combining the following landuse categories from the CORINE Land Cover Project:- Pasture lands, Non irrigated arable land and Annual crops associated with permanent corps.

150 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

Pasture lands Non irrigated arable land Annual crops associated with permanent crops

Complex cultivation pattern Coniferous forest

These landuse categories include the main areas of farming and rural residences. These tend to be confined to low lying or gently undulating areas where conditions are relatively fertile and therefore suitable to support tall vegetation which could screen development. The vegetation is often in the form of small copses of trees or mature hedgerows which sub-divide fields. The category for coniferous plantations includes areas of established forest; young trees and planting since 1989-1990 are not currently included.

Note: That forested lands which are classified as ‘normal’ will need to be reviewed following clearfelling – especially in conspicuous or vulnerable areas.

5.1 (d) Robust Areas included in this category were determined by combining the following landuse categories from the CORINE Land Cover Project:-

Continuous urban fabric Discontinuous urban fabric Industrial or commercial units

Sports and Leisure Facilities Airports

These landuse categories include towns and built up areas, suburban and other developed areas. These areas can support new development as it is less likely to be conspicuous in the context of existing development in the landscape.

Note: The CORINE mapping data does not include units below 25 hectares in extent. Due to this, many small villages and areas of ribbon development are not recorded on the land cover map.

5.1 (e) Degraded Areas included in this category were determined by combining the following landuse categories from the CORINE Land Cover Project:-

Mineral extraction sites Construction sites Dump sites

Areas included in these categories are characterised by the breakdown of natural processes or pollution. Once extraction or dumping has been completed, new development in these areas is desirable as a means to improve the existing character.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 151 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

6. Area Designations

Under the above categories the following is a designation of areas in County Waterford.

6.1(a) Policy with Regard to Areas Designated as Vulnerable These areas or features designated as vulnerable represent the principal features which create and sustain the character and distinctiveness of the surrounding landscape. To be considered for permission, development in the environs of these vulnerable areas must be shown not to impinge in any significant way upon its character, integrity or uniformity when viewed from the surroundings. Particular attention should be given to the preservation of the character and distinctiveness of these areas as viewed from scenic routes and the environs of archaeological and historic sites.

6.1(b) Areas Designated as Vulnerable The coastline The banks of the Rivers The shoreline of all lakes The skylines of upland areas All headlands and promontories

1. Coastline All beaches and strands, including headlands and promontories, from Waterford Harbour to East Point

2. Lake Shores and Riverbanks Belle Lake Ballyscanlan Ballinlough Coumshingaun ’s Lake Sgilloge Lakes Lough Coumfea Cappagh Monaneea Kilmaloo The banks of the rivers Blackwater, Bride, Nire and Owenbeg.

3. Skylines: Ardsallagh Hill Ballycondon Hill The Pike Knockaun Knocknaraha Coolbeggan Coolowen Knockroe Deerpark Hill Ballyneety Knocknalough Knockadullaun Knockecorragh Knocknaboul Knockaunarast Monatarriv Knockaunabulloga Hill Knockaunagnauv Knocknafallia Knockmeal Knockanask Byrick Coolnabeasoon Barranashigan Curraheenavoher Hill Laghtnafrankee Long Hill Raven’s Rock Shauneenabrega Moanyarha Crotty’s Rock Knockeen Milk Hill Coumfea Knockaunapeebra Comeragh Mtn. Fauscoum Foilaunaprisoon Seefin Coumaraglin Mtn. Farbreaga Crohaun Knockacomortish Ballyknock Faha Monaculee Kilnafarna Hill Knockaunabouchala Knocknamona Slievegrine Hill Caronadavderg Curraghballinlea Ballygarron

6.2(a) Policy with Regard to Areas Designated as Sensitive These areas have a distinctive, homogenous character, dominated by natural processes. Development in these areas has the potential to create impacts on the appearance and character of an extensive part of the landscape. Applications for development in these areas must demonstrate an awareness of these inherent limitations by having a very high standard of site selection, siting layout, selection of materials and finishes. Applications in these areas may also be required to consider ecological, archaeological, water quality and noise factors insofar as it affects the preservation of the amenities of the area.

152 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

6.2 (b) Main Areas Designated as Sensitive

Intertidal flats Coastal Lagoons Agricultural lands with significant areas of natural vegetation Sparsely Vegetated Areas Beaches, dunes and sands Inland and Salt Marshes Bare Rocks Transitional Woodland Scrub Broad Leaved Forest Peat Bogs Natural Grassland

1. Intertidal Flats At Clohernagh along the northern side of Back Strand Dungarvan Harbour: North: to Kilminnin to Ballynacourty Point South: Cunnigar point to Ballynagaul Kinsalebeg to Ardsallagh

2. Coastal Lagoons Tramore Bay

3. Agricultural Land with Significant Areas of Natural Vegetation The main pockets of Agricultural Land with Significant Areas of Natural Vegetation are found in the following areas throughout the County:

Raheens, Ballycraddock, Savagetown Cross Roads, North and South-west of Dunhill, Ballynaclogh Cross Roads, North of Ballyheadon, Kilbeg, West of Ballyleen, North-east of ballygarron, East of Coumduala Lake, North-east of Coumshingan Lake, North-east of Briska, South-east of Kilminnin, South of Clonmel at Spaville, Kilmanahan, Russellstown, Along the banks of the Nire at , Graiguenagower and Shanballyanne, Currahateskin, North-east of Ballynamult, South of at Lackendarra Upper, at Kilbrien on the banks of the Araglin, Currabaha and Calligan Bridge, East of Kilnafrehan, Ahaunboy, Coolydoody, West of Snugborogh, Drumore, Glendine Bridge and Lombard’s Cross Roads, West of Knocknamona, Reanaboola and Ballindrumma, Ballycurrane Cross Roads, North of loskeran, Barranstook, Gowlaun, Scrahans, Kilcolman, Ballylinan.

On the Knockmealdowns at the following areas: Glenafallia, Knockboy, Knocknaboul, West of Knockaunarast, Ballycaly, Knockeorragh, West of Tornadoo.

4. Sparsely Vegetated Areas Kilnefrehan

5. Inland and Salt Marshes Salt Marshes: At Clashanahy, adjacent to Whiting Bay, Killongford Bridge on the southern side of Dungarvan Harbour, Bunmahon Bay. Inland Marshes: At Snugborogh on the banks of the , At the confluence of the Bride and the Blackwater.

6. Transitional Woodland Scrub Ballylough, Ballyscanlan Lake at Ballymoris, Carrickavranty and Fennor, Dunhill lower Raheens, Ballyrohin, North of Ballygarron between Kilbunny Wood and Glenhouse Wood, Mount Bolton, South of Georgestown, East of Graiguearush, Knockanacullin, Ballindysert and Sheskin, Kilressanty, On the shores of the Dalligan river west of Ballynevoga, From Bohadoon north to Kilbrien and Carrigataggle, Curraghnamadree, Knockroe and Garrydon, South-east of Millstreet, north of Soldiers Cross Roads, Ballysaggartbeghill, South of Kilbeg, North-west of Carncrow, North-wwest of Kinsalebeg, Knocknamona at Woodhouse Cross Roads, South of Johnstown House, Ballycullane House and North of Mountstuart, South of Monagally and Reanaboola, Carronadavderg and Lickybeg, Toor South, Monameen, North of Carrigeen, Gorteen.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 153 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

7. Broad-leaved Forest Portlaw Wood Curraghmore Gardenmorris Dromana Forest Kilahaly Monaman Headborough Harristown

8. Peat Bogs Laghtnafrankee Glenpatrick Glendalough Curragheenavoher Crow Hill Shauneenabreaga Knockanaffrin The Gap Coolingady Knockacomortish Crotty’s Rock Knockaunabulloga Knockmealdowns Knockanask

9. Natural Grassland Mount Beresford Brownstown Head Monamintra Carrickphilip Ballinlough Croughaun Crotty’s Rock Coumshingaun Kilclooney Graiuearush Davmore Comeragh mtn. Farbreaga Boolatin Dalligan Bridge Ballintlea Carrigataggle Glendalligan Carricknafinnoge Knockacomortish Knockavanna Knocknaree Curraheen Glenpatrick Shauneenabreaga Glendalough Knockgow Byrick Knocknanask Gowlaun Knocknahoola Monaculee Knockaunabouchala

10. Moor and Heathland Raven’s Rock Harney Cross Rd.s Moanyarha Glendalough Knockanaffrin Glennanore Lyre Sgilloge Lakes Lough Coumfea Knockavanna Tooreen Shanballyanne Knockeen Milk Hill Knockaunapeebra Seefin Coumalocha Foilanaprisoon Coolnabeasoon Bleantasour Bearnamaddra Ballynevoga Croughan Hill Ballintaylor Knocknamona Byrick Knockboy Mount Mellary

6.3(a) Policy with Regard to Areas Designated as Normal The majority of County Waterford is designated as a normal landscape. These areas have potential to absorb a wide range of new developments subject to normal planning and development control procedures. In these areas the Planning Authority will have regard to general restrictions to development such as scenic routes, siting, road set backs, road widening plans, parking numbers, road and sewage disposal criteria.

6.3 (b) Areas Designated as Normal Pasture Land Coniferous Plantations

1. Pasture Land The majority of the County consists of pasture land with the exception of large pockets at the Knockmealdown, Comeragh and Monavullagh Mountain ranges, the area south of Dungarvan Harbour, South of Tallow, Waterford City and around Portlaw.

2. Coniferous plantations North of Ballydavid House / East of Callaghane Bridge, South of Monamintra, Around Ballyscanlan Lake, Kill, North-west of Savagetown Cross Roads, West of Carrickphilip, Ballygarron, South of Cullenagh, Glenhouse Wood, Beallough, Portlaw Wood, Kilbunny Wood, Tower Hill, Clashroe, Curraghballintlea, Brownswood and , Robertstown, Whitestown Cross Roads, Croughan Hill, Crehaunagh,

154 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

Coolnamuck Wood, Gurteen le Poer Wood, Tinkincor Wood, North of the Punchbowl, Clondonnell, South- west of Knocknarea, East of Coumduala Lake, Southern shore of Coumshingan, South of Shauneenapeebra, From Furraleigh along the R676 to the road West to Coumshingan, Ballybrack, Slievenamona, Gortnalaght, South-west of Lyre, Briska, Comeragh Mountain to Boolatin, Glendalligan Wood, Carricknafinnoge, South of Mount Kennedy at Carrigmorna and between Downey’s Cross and Durrow Cross, Boheraval Cross Roads, North of Monarud, Knockacomortish, North of Knockaunagloom, North of Milk Hill at Knockavanna, North-west and South-east of Tooreen, North of Shanballyanne and Craignagower / Ballymacarbry on the banks of the Nire, Mountneill Wood, Caherbaun, Curragheenavoher Hill, Boolabrien, South of Knockgow, Boulavonteen, West of Ballynamult, West of Byrick, Tooranaraheen, Coolagorthboy, Ardnagunna, Glenshelane, Crow Hill, On the shores of the Glenafallid and Glenshelane Rivers, East and south slopes of Knockafallia, Knocknabulloga, Along the Owenshad River, North of Knockadullaun, East and south of Curragheenav, Labbanacallee, Lyregloch, Gortnapeaky, The banks of the River Bride at the Cork border, North of Kilnacarriga and east of ballyspick, South-west of Kilbeg, Coolbeggan, Corradremaun Cross Roads, West of Strancaly Castle, Boola and North of Carriglass, Dromore, Ballycullane, Knocknamona, Western slopes of Knockaunabouchala, East of Mountstuart, Slievegrine Hill, Knocknahoola, East of Monaculee, Gorteen, Lagnagoushee, South of Moonbrack, Monamraher, Carrigeen Kearagulee, Carronadavderg, South of Lickybeg, Toor South, West of Glenlicky and Grally Bridge on the shores of the Licky River, Ballymacart Bridge.

6.4(a) Policy with Regard to Areas Designated as Robust A small area of County Waterford is designated as robust. These are areas of concentrated existing development and infrastructure. Appropriate new development in these areas can reinforce the existing desirable landuse patterns. Regard will have to be had to site development standards namely density, building lines, height of structures and design standards. The overall aim is to ensure that the inherent character of the town and village centres is maintained.

In robust areas: (a) New development shall sustain and reflect the character of the area

(b) Frontages on to the existing streets shall reflect the character of the street through careful design and use of materials

(c) Development should reflect the character of the townscape generally but fresh approaches to design will be considered

Note: The CORINE mapping data does not include units below 25 hectares in extent. Due to this, many small villages and areas of ribbon development are not recorded on the land cover map.

Continuous Urban Fabric Discontinuous Urban Fabric Sports and Leisure Facilities Industrial or Commercial Units Airports

6.4 (b) Areas Designated as Robust

1. Continuous Urban Fabric Waterford City, Dungarvan, Clonmel Environs, Carrick-on-Suir Environs.

2. Discontinuous Urban Fabric Waterford City, Dungarvan, Carrick-on-Suir Environs, Clonmel Environs, Cheekpoint, Dunmore East, Tramore, Kilmacthomas, Cappoquin, Lismore, Tallow, Ardmore.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 155 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

3. Industrial or Commercial Units Ballyneashagh West of Waterford City, Abbeyside East of Dungarvan.

4. Sports and Leisure Facilities Tramore Golf Course, Tramore Race Course, Picnic area at Corbally, Woodstown/Killoternan West of Waterford City, Golf Course south of Carrick-on-Suir, Ballynamult, Villier’stown, Lismore.

5. Airports Waterford Regional Airport

6.5 Areas Designated as Degraded Degraded areas are characterised by a breakdown of natural processes or pollution.

1. Mineral Extraction Sites Greenan Hill, Ballynacourty Point

2. Construction Sites Dungarvan

6.6(a) Policy with Regard to Areas Designated as Degraded New development should be encouraged as a means of improving the existing character of such areas.

6.6(b) Policy with Regard to Scenic Routes Scenic routes indicate public roads from which views and prospects of areas of natural beauty and interest can be enjoyed. Sightseeing visitors are more likely to be concentrated along these routes.

The onus should be on the applicant for permission to develop in the environs of a scenic route, to demonstrate that there will be no obstruction or degradation of the views towards visually vulnerable features nor significant alterations to the appearance or character of sensitive areas.

6.6 (b) Scenic Routes

1. The R666 heading west from the County border to Cappoquin

2. The R668 north from Lismore and R669 north from Cappoquin

3. Various third class routes heading north from the R666 through the Comeragh Mountains

4. Third class route from the mouth of the Glendine River, crossing the River Bride and following the Blackwater north, turning west to Lismore

5. From Youghal Bridge east along the N25 to Dungarvan.

6. North from Kinsalebeg to Clashmore on the R671, east at Clashmore along third class route to N25 at Gorteen.

7. East from Gorteen along third class route via Monamraher to the R674. East to Helvick Head, west to N25.

8. North-west from Dungarvan to Tooraneena on the R672. Third class North to Ballymacarbry. Join R671 to Clonmel taking the R678 and turning south for third class route through the Comeraghs.

9. Third class route east off the R671 at Ballymacarbry along the banks of the Nire, joining with route 8.

10. Third class route through the Monvullagh Mountains from the R672 to Lemybrien.

11. Third class circular route off R672 to Kilgobnet.

156 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

12. R680 East from Clonmel to Carrick-on-Suir. Turn south onto third class route to R678 or through Coolnamuck Wood onto R676.

13. R676 South from Clonmel to Lemybrien. N25 south to The Pike. Circular route along third class road south to R675, crossing N25 via Garrynageragh, east along R675 and north via Garranbaun and third class road returning to The Pike.

14. From Ballyvoyle Head east on the R675 to the junction with the R677. Continuing south along the R675 to Bunmahon, east via Kilmurrin and Annestown and North-east to Fennor. East onto Tramore and north to Waterford City.

15. South-east from Waterford City on the R683 to Mount Druid. South along the R684 to Belle Lake and east on third class road via Woodstown to Waterford Harbour. North to Passage East along the Harbour, continuing north towards Cheekpoint. South at junction to R683 and west to Waterford City.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 157 Appendix 4: Scenic Landscape Evaluation

158 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5

Listed Buildings

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 159 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Part 1

1998 Draft Waterford County Development Plan, General List of Buildings Towns and Villages outside the scheduled towns

Annestown 1. Small thatched cottage in the street.

Ardmore 2. Catholic Church T-plan, barn type of 1830s.

3. Main Street Two thatched houses of four bays each.

4. Street parallel to Main Street Melrose Tudor-gothic revival house of C 1840. Include walls beside the street.

5. Church Simple First Fruits style with West tower.

6. Old Rectory Larger than usual rectory of five bays, well restored.

7. Coastguard station late 19th century row

Ballyduff 8. Catholic Church T-plan, barn-type, refronted in late 19th century with rusticated limestone.

9. 'John Jackson' Simple doric shopfront with perpendicular windows.

10. Garda Barracks A fortified barracks with corner towers possibly by J.H.Owen in the 1870s.

Ballylaneen 11. Catholic church T-plan, barn church of 1824, pointed windows and sandstone bellcote.

12. Public house with thatched roof.

Bunmahon 13. At the cross-roads is a five-bay thatched house.

Cheekpoint 14. Row of single-storey cottages stepping down the hillside.

15. To the East A two-storey tower

16. A late-18th century brick-fronted house with granite doorcase- once a hotel.

160 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Cappoquin 17. Catholic Church T-plan renovated in late 19th century and modernised

18. Church of Ireland church Single cell with West tower, railings.

19. At West end of street are two late 18th century houses of two bays and three storeys with pedimented doric doorcases and fancy ironwork.

20. 'Blackwater House" with good raised lettering.

21. Carnegie free Library" c 1900 in Arts and Crafts style.

22. Gates to .

23. 'A. Walsh' bracketed shopfront.

24. Old Market House , arches filled in, three bays with hipped roof - 18th century.

25. "Twomey" solicitor shopfront with neo-Greek decoration of circa 1840.

26. Four-bay, three-storey building with cast-iron balcony.

27. 'M.Fives' has a circa 1840 shopfront with doric columns

28. Next house has a similar doric shopfront.

29. West of the town is a five-arches early-19th century limestone bridge.

30. Overlooking the bridge is a late-19th century red brick house in a tudor revival style.

Clonea 31. Catholic church Magnificent gothic-revival church of 1860 by J.J.McCarthy.

Dunmore East 32. Packet Harbour A pier of carlow granite with lighthouse in form of a doric column by Alexander Nimmo, 1814.

33. Dunmore Harbour Hotel Mid-19th century villa built by the Marquis of Waterford.

34. North of 'The Ocean' are two thatched cottages.

35. Opposite 'The Ocean' is an Italianate terrace of six houses.

36. Opposite 'T.H.Burke' is a row of six thatched cottages.

37. Next to 'T.H.Burke', on the East side, is a row of three thatched cottages.

38. To the South of 'The Haven' is a Nash-like villa with wide eaves and pedimented breakfront.

39. The Haven , designed by J.S.Mulvany, has an H-plan with sprocketed roof, eaves, pierced bargeboarding, also wings. Include railings fronting the street.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 161 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

40. Church of Ireland church Originally a First Fruits type with mid-19th century additions inc a West tower and spire.

Kill 41. Catholic church Mid-19th century, in the manner of McCarthy, of rusticated limestone with triple lancet windows at East and West ends.

42. 'Dunphy's' Thatched public house.

Kilmacthomas 43. Railway viaduct Eight arches of limestone.

44. Union Workhouse Unusual treatment to the standard layout for workhouses - well preserved.

Passage East 45. Former Church of Ireland church Mid-18th century single-cell now converted for private use.

46. Northern square West side has a three-bay, three-storey late-18th century house

47. Next is an earlier house of three-bays and two storeys.

48. Southern square Mid-18th century house of five bays with square-headed doorcase,

49. Street opposite post Office 'Discover Waterford' is in a five-bay, three-storey house with georgian glazing.

50. To North is a three-bay, three-storey 18th-century house.

Stradbally 51. Catholic church Single-cell barn with tall pointed windows and sandstone tower dated 1870.

52. Old schoolhouse Hipped roof and eaves with plaque 1806.

53. Church of Ireland church Of 1786 with West tower.

54. Mausoleum in churchyard.

55. Opposite C of I church is a small schoolhouse with pointed windows.

56. Thatched house on road up to C of I church.

57. East side of village Five, three-bay, two-storey, early-19th century houses.

58. West side Two three-bay, two-storey houses.

162 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

59. Gabled glebe house.

60. Two further three-bay houses.

61. To South of village is a three-bay, single-storey limewashed house with hipped roof of thatch and Wyatt windows, circa 1810.

Tallow 62. Catholic church Large T-plan barn church with decorative interior.

63. Church of Ireland church Tall, single-cell with West tower, possibly 18th century.

North Street

64. 'T.J. Keniry' Four-bay and two-bay houses with Edwardian, arched shopfront.

65. 'Lyons', on West side, has a simple shopfront.

Main Street, to south of cross-roads.

East side:

66. Mid-to-late 18th century house of five bays and two storeys with pedimented breakfront and fine, channelled doorcase.

67. Tall, five-bay, three-storey, mid-18th century house of coursed rubble with very fine blocked architrave doorcase and Venetian-type window.

West side:

68. House at corner of cross-roads with two facades of three bays each and simple shop-fronts, good fenestration- circa 1800.

69. 'J.Ryan' has a simple shopfront.

70. Early-19th century house of three bays with breakfront and neo-classical doorcase with fanlight, railings.

West Street

North side:

71. 'M.Cunningham" Very unusual, bowed shopfront dating from the 18th century.

72. To West is simple shopfront (no name)of circa 1800 on a three-bay, two-storey house,

73. Free-standing, four-bay, three-storey house with a timber doric porch.

74. West of the bridge is the old schoolhouse, of sandstone ashlar dated 1801.

75. 'The Rectory' is a five-bay, two-storey house with a flat, limestone doorcase.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 163 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

South side from the town centre: 76. 'Ann Tobin' is a three-bay, three-storey house with early-19th century shopfront with gothic pilasters.

77 'Hartigan" shopfront with good raised lettering.

78. 'Commercial House' and 'Lynch' are a pair of early-19th century houses with giant pilasters. Both have contemporary shopfronts, 'Lynch' has the better with marbled lettering.

79. 'McCarthy' has a simple shopfront with thin doric columns.

80. Tallow Enterprise Centre is in a tall warehouse

81. Next to the bridge is a three-storey row of three buildings dating from the early 19th century.

Street with Catholic church

82. On the South side is a two-storey house with a doric doorcase.

Villierstown 83. Church of Ireland church Dating from 1748 it is a T plan with chunky Palladian detailing.

84. To North of the church is a two-storey house with gables.

85. To South of the church is a rubble-stone house of three bays, two storeys with wings - circa 1800.

86. Next a four-bay, two-storey house with gables and porch with fretwork.

West side:

87. Opposite the church is a fountain of rusticated stone.

88. To the North is a six-bay, two-storey L-plan house of circa 1800.

89. To the South is a three-bay, two-storey house of coursed rubble stone.

Catholic Churches 90. Crooke South of Passage East. Large single-cell with tall, pointed windows, later rusticated West gable.

91. Faithlegg 4 miles East of Waterford Early-19th century single cell with later tower and spire of 1873.

92. Fews 2 miles N-W of Kilmacthomas T-plan barn church, windows with perpendicular tracery, bellcote.

93. Grange Due North of Ardmore Large T-plan barn church with pointed windows of circa 1830.

94. Kilgobnet NNW of Dungarvan T-plan barn church of 1826 remodelled 1883 in Hiberno-Romanesque style.

95. Killea Dunmore East T-plan barn church, with chamfered, re-entrant corners.

164 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

96. Knockanore South of Strancally Fine barn church with chamfered re-entrant corners, church-warden glazing in pointed windows.

97. Knockmahon Bunmahon Single-cell church.

98. Mount Melleray Large, mid-19th century monastery with magnificent tower.

99. Newtown N-E of Kilmacthomas T-plan barn-church of 1836 with perpendicular West window, block and start doorcase.

Nire

100. Gothic revival church by J.J.McCarthy.

Church of Ireland Churches 101. Clonegam Curraghmore Simple church of circa 1840, early stained glass of 1791, contains superb Beresford monuments.

102. Headborough First Fruits type of sandstone ashlar with West tower.

Kilmeadan

103. First Fruits type remodelled in 1973 with lush decorative plasterwork and fittings from St Olaf's in Waterford.

Templemichael Ballynatray

104. First Fruits type with West tower, in scenic position overlooking the river - not in use.

Country Houses 105. Ardoginna, Ardmore Ruin surrounded by crennelated walls dating from the early 19th century.

106. Ballinamona 3 miles South of Waterford Late-18th century house with ionic doorcase and fanlight remodelled in 1894. Garden with early-18th century canal.

107. Ballydavid Woodstown Elegant, neo-classical house with wide eaves and low-pitched roof, wings and pavilions. cast-iron verandas.

108. Ballygally West of Lismore Small neo-classical house with limestone panels under small first-floor windows, wide eaves, patent cement on walls.

109. Ballyglan Woodstown Large , painted and rendered, late-18th century house with a pedimented doric doorcase.

110. Ballyinn Lismore Circa 1830, gothic-revival house with gabled frontispiece.

111. Ballynaparka Aglish Bow-fronted neo-classical house of circa 1830. Gate -piers of limestone.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 165 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

112 Ballynatray Circa 1600 house extended in late 18th century, redecorated in circa 1840. Yard gate piers are late 18th century; carriage house with six arches; small building with early-17th century walls.

113. Ballysaggartmore Fantastic gothic-revival lodges, arch and gates of c 1820.

Muscular-gothic fortified bridge in rusticated sandstone.

114. Butlerstown Castle Late-medieval tower house with early-19th century crenellations.

115. Camphire Opposite Villierstown Italianate, mid-19th century house.

116. Cappoquin Large, late-18th century house possibly by Abraham Hargarve, burnt in 1920s and very faithfully reconstructed.

117. Carriglea West of Dungarvan Early-19th century tudor-gothic revival house in ashlar sandstone. Lodge also in sandstone with similar detailing.

118. Castle Dodard North of Lismore Early-19th century shooting lodge with triangular plan and corner turrets.

119. Churchtown West of Carrick-on-Suir Small c 1800 house with bow-fronted rere facade, inset doorcase with fanlight.

120. Clashmore Large, early-19th century, U-plan stable courtyard in a fine architectural composition.

121. Clonroskraine North-East of Dungarvan A five-bay, two-storey, late-18th century neo-classical house refronted in the mid-19th century.

122. Comeragh House Three miles NNE of Lemybrien An early-19th century house with a half-hexagon bow.

123. Corballymore East of Tramore Late-19th century, gothic-revival house of sandstone with bow-fronted tower.

124. Curraghmore Exceptional composition of house and yards. Originally a tower-house, remodelled c 1740, extended by James Wyatt and Samuel Roberts. Stables and yards in Palladian style by John Roberts. Interior with work from 1740s and magnificent Wyatt drawing-rooms. Garden layout from 18th century and mid-19th century. Shell house with statue of Countess of Tyrone.

125. Sham ruin of tower on hill-top.

126. Farm yard with pedimented range and arch in centre.

126. D'Loughtane West of Clashmore Circa 1830 house with original lime rendering on walls, pair of shallow bows flanking a wide doorcase with elliptical fanlight.

166 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

128. Dromana A late-17th century house built on the base of a medieval castle, with early-19th century interior.

129. Hindu gateway of 1826

130. Dromina Woodstown Seven-bay late-18th century house with round-headed doorcase.

131. Faithlegg Circa 1770 house with pedimented breakfront, wings and Italianate decoration by Samuel roberts. Circa 1830 plasterwork in interior.

132. Fortwilliam Lismore Tudor-gothic revival house of sandstone ashlar probably by George Richard Pain.

Stables with turreted set piece and arch also in sandstone.

133. Gardenmorris Complex grouping of 17th century house, 18th century extension and Second Empire flamboyance . burnt 1920 and rebuilt

Stables are 18th century and have two courtyards.

134. Glenbeg Ballyduff Very rare early-17th century survival with three salient towers, similar to the gate-house at Lismore Castle. Much early-17th century work survives as well as 18th century and early-19th century details.

135. Gencairn Abbey Gothic-revival house by Sir Richard Morrison - considerably altered.

136. Gurteen le Poer Mid-19th century tudor-gothic essay by Samuel Roberts.

137. Front lodge is earlier and neo-Greek.

West lodge is similarly neo-Greek.

138. Headborough Late georgian rebuilding of an early-18th century house.

Gate piers and gates

139. Kilmanahan Castle Ruin of an18th century, gothic revival house based on a late-medieval fortified house.

140. Landscape, South of Kilsheelin Mid-18th century house of two storeys over a basement, good fenestration and single central stack.

141. Lisfinny, Tallowbridge Standard-type late-georgian house, here in close proximity to a tower-house,

142. Lismore Castle Extensive, early-17th century house and massive rebuilding by Joseph Paxton

143. Little Island, Waterford One of the last tudor-revival country houses. Large and boldly detailed.

144. Moorehill, Tallow Fine, large, late-eighteenth century house with doric doorcase.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 167 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

145. Mount Alto, Woodstown Single-storey, c 1830 seaside villa

146. Mount Congreve Imposing rebuilding 0f a large late-18th century house

Gardens are extensive and fully cultivated.

147. Mount Odell, West of Dungarvan Small T-plan plan house of c 1700 - a rarity

148. Richmond. Cappoquin Three-storey house probably mid-a18th with a later porch

149. Saltersbridge Cappoquin A late, neo-classical house with giant doric pilasters on the facade - part in date of 1849.

Gates near Cappoquin of circa 1830, classical and delicate.

150. Sapperton, Tallow A late-18th century house with a venetian grouping of windows on the first floor.

151. An important gothic-revival 'castle' by George Richard Pain dating from the 1820s.

152. Tourin Large, mid-19th century Italianate house.

153. Whitechurch East of Cappoquin Elegant, early-19th century, neo-classical house with a limestone porch and courtyard behind.

154. Whitfield Court An important, Italianate house by Abraham Denny, circa 1850.

155. Woodhouse Stradbally Early-19th century L-plan house.

Mid-19th century cast-iron gates.

156. Woodlands East of Waterford Small neo-classical house with a doric porch.

157. Woodlock Portlaw Large Italianate house of sandstone with a porch-portico.

Lodge also of sandstone

158. Woodstown Small seaside villa with tripartite windows.

Vernacular Houses

159. Ballyduff To the North of the Fairbrook factory is a thatched house with a porch- one end dips down.

160. Ballynamult Appx 5 miles North of Millstreet Farm house with flanking barns in courtyard plan

161. Ballyshonock On Dungarvan-Waterford road 4 miles East of Kilmacthomas

Thatched public house.

168 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

162. Boat Strand West of Annetown 'Woodcraft' is a thatched house at right-angles to the road.

163. Boolakeily Long, five-bay thatched house with two small thatched barns

164. Briska 2 miles North of Lemybrien Two small thatched houses to West of the Carrick-Dungarvan road.

165. Callaghane Bridge 6 miles S-E of Waterford Public house, long and low- now with slate roof.

166. Carroll's Cross Roads east of Kilmacthomas Thatched public house

167. Crinnaghtaun 1 mile East of Cappoquin Small thatched house at T junction with fancy scalloping on the ridge.

168. Garranturton West of Ballylaneen Long thatched farmhouse with limewashed walls.

169. Glyn South-East of Kilsheelan Small thatched cottage huddled against the bank beside the road.

170. Janeville East of Tallow A lime-rendered, thatched five-bay cottage

171. Kilduane Knockmahon Thatched house on West side of the road

172. Kilmacaw East of Tramore Bay White's Bar is thatched

173. Kilmacaw To North-East of White's Bar is a thatched house.

174. The Kilmeadan Inn is thatched and in good order.

175. Kilmurrin West of Annstown Thatched farm house on the East side of the valley.

176. Kilrush 1 mile West of Dungarvan Long thatched house at right-angles to the road.

177. Knockmahon East of Bunmahon Long thatched cottage near the church.

178. Millstreet On road to Sleady Castle Farm house with limewashed walls and thick thatched roof.

179. Modelligo 1 mile South on main road Thatched house with whitewashed walls at right angles to side road.

180. Old Pike Bridge Thatched cottage with stack at East end and slightly bowed at other

181. Quillia To the North of the Back Strand , Tramore

An exceptional grouping of thatched farm house and farm buildings in very good condition.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 169 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

182. Rathgauge N-E of Knockmahon Two small thatched cottages to the South of the road

183. The Sweep Adamstown Good thatched public house with a high-pitched roof and good fenestration

Seventeenth Century Houses 184. Ballyduff One of the earliest houses for whom the architect's name is known. Designed and built by Andrew Tucker 1627.

185. Camphire A simple house dating from the 16th or 17th century.

186. Sleady castle Near Millstreet, East of cappoquin. Impressive ruins of an early-17th century semi-fortified house of 1629

187. Tickincor T-plan, gabled, early-17th century house.

188. Early-17th century bridge of six arches.

189. Tourin Late, squat tower house, roofed but without floors.

Bridges and Miscellaneous 190. Ballyvoyle Three arched road viaduct.

191. Durrow Railway viaduct of seven arches

192. Geneva Barracks Walled enclosure with high walls

193. Halfway house on Passage East road Single arch road viaduct

194. Knocklofty Bridge Shared with South Tipp, fine three-arched, late 18th century bridge possibly by Thomas Ivory.

195. At Newtown is a group of three columns

196. At Brownstown is a group of two columns

197. Sapperton Long, low school building with a pediment.

198. Tallow Bridge Nine-arched bridge.

199. Tourin Old Nation School with master's residence

170 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Industrial Buildings 200. Ballynatray Saw mill with machinery and equipment

201 Cappoquin-Barron's Bakery Two scotch type ovens still in use.

202. Clashmore Chimney stack set on a small bridge over a stream

203. Pouldrew Mill Corn mill, mill pond mill race and tail race

204. Portlaw Old cotton mill

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 171 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Part 2

Buildings Grouped into Local Areas

The Ardmore area: Ardmore Catholic church T-plan, barn type of 1830s.

Main Street Two thatched houses of four bays each.

Street parallel to Main Street Melrose Tudor-gothic revival house of C 1840. Include walls beside the street.

Church of Ireland church Simple First Fruits style with West tower.

Old Rectory Larger than usual rectory of five bays, well restored.

Coastguard station late 19th century row

Ardoginna, Ardmore Ruin of a country house surrounded by crennelated walls dating from the early 19th century.

Blackwater valley - Ballyduff to Dromana

Ballyduff Catholic church T-plan, barn-type , refronted in late 19th century with rusticated limestone.

'John Jackson' Simple doric shopfront with perpendicular windows.

Garda Barracks A fortified barracks with corner towers possibly by J.H.Owen in the 1870s.

Mount Melleray Large, mid-19th century monastery with magnificent tower.

Ballygally West of Lismore Small neo-classical house with limestone panels under small first-floor windows, wide eaves, patent cement on walls.

Ballyinn Lismore Circa 1830, gothic-revival house with gabled frontispiece.

Ballysaggartmore Fantastic gothic-revival lodges, arch and gates of c 1820. Muscular-gothic fortified bridge in rusticated sandstone.

Cappoquin Large, late-18th century house possibly by Abraham Hargarve, burnt in 1920s and very faithfully reconstructed.

172 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Castle Dodard North of Lismore Early-19th century shooting lodge with triangular plan and corner turrets.

Dromana A late-17th century house built on the base of a medieval castle, with early-19th century interior.

Hindu gateway of 1826

Fortwilliam Lismore Tudor-gothic revival house of sandstone ashlar probably by George Richard Pain.

Stables with turreted set piece and arch also in sandstone.

Glenbeg Ballyduff Very rare early-17th century survival with three salient towers, similar to the gate-house at Lismore Castle. Much early-17th century work survives as well as 18th century and early-19th century details.

Gencairn Abbey Gothic-revival house by Sir Richard Morrison - considerably altered.

Lismore Castle Extensive, early-17th century house and massive rebuilding by Joseph Paxton

Richmond. Cappoquin Three-storey house probably mid-a18th with a later porch

Saltersbridge Cappoquin A late, neo-classical house with giant doric pilasters on the facade - part in date of 1849.

Gates near Cappoquin of circa 1830, classical and delicate.

Tourin Large, mid-19th century Italianate house.

Ballyduff One of the earliest houses in Ireland for whom the architect's name is known. Designed and built by Andrew Tucker 1627.

Tourin Late, squat tower house, roofed but without floors.

Tallow, Bride Valley and lower Blackwater

Tallow Catholic church Large T-plan barn church with decorative interior.

Church of Ireland church Tall, single-cell with West tower, possibly 18th century.

North Street

'T.J. Keniry' Four-bay and two-bay houses with Edwardian, arched shopfront.

'Lyons', on West side, has a simple shopfront.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 173 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Main Street, to south of cross-roads.

East side: Mid-to-late 18th century house of five bays and two storeys with pedimented breakfront and fine, channelled doorcase.

Tall, five-bay, three-storey, mid-18th century house of coursed rubble with very fine blocked architrave doorcase and Venetian-type window.

West side: House at corner of cross-roads with two facades of three bays each and simple shop-fronts, good fenestration- circa 1800.

'J.Ryan' has a simple shopfront.

Early-19th century house of three bays with breakfront and neo-classical doorcase with fanlight, railings.

West Street North side: 'M.Cunningham" Very unusual, bowed shopfront dating from the 18th century.

To West is simple shopfront (no name)of circa 1800 on a three-bay, two-storey house,

Free-standing, four-bay, three-storey house with a timber doric porch.

West of the bridge is the old schoolhouse, of sandstone ashlar dated 1801.

'The Rectory' is a five-bay, two-storey house with a flat, limestone doorcase.

South side from the town centre:

'Ann Tobin' is a three-bay, three-storey house with early-19th century shopfront with gothic pilasters.

'Hartigan" shopfront with good raised lettering.

'Commercial House' and 'Lynch' are a pair of early-19th century houses with giant pilasters. Both have contemporary shopfronts, 'Lynch' has the better with marbled lettering.

'McCarthy' has a simple shopfront with thin doric columns.

Tallow Enterprise Centre is in a tall warehouse

Next to the bridge is a three-storey row of three buildings dating from the early 19th century.

Strancally Street

On the South side is a two-storey house with a doric doorcase.

Knockanore South of Strancally Catholic church, Fine barn church with chamfered re-entrant corners, church-warden glazing in pointed windows.

Headborough Church of Ireland church, First Fruits type of sandstone ashlar with West tower.

Camphire Opposite Villierstown Italianate, mid-19th century house.

174 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Headborough Late georgian rebuilding of an early-18th century house.

Gate piers and gates

Lisfinny Tallowbridge Standard-type late-georgian house, here in close proximity to a tower-house,

Moorehill Tallow Fine, large, late-eighteenth century house with doric doorcase.

Sapperton, Tallow A late-18th century house with a venetian grouping of windows on the first floor.

Strancally Castle An important gothic-revival 'castle' by George Richard Pain dating from the 1820s.

Camphire A simple house dating from the 16th or 17th century.

Sapperton Long, low school building with a pediment.

Tallow Bridge Nine-arched bridge.

Villierstown Church of Ireland church Dating from 1748 it is a T plan with chunky Palladian detailing.

To North of the church is a two-storey house with gables.

To South of the church is a rubble-stone house of three bays, two storeys with wings - circa 1800.

Next a four-bay, two-storey house with gables and porch with fretwork.

West side:

Opposite the church is a fountain of rusticated stone.

To the North is a six-bay, two-storey L-plan house of circa 1800.

To the South is a three-bay, two-storey house of coursed rubble stone.

Ballynaparka Aglish Bow-fronted neo-classical house of circa 1830. Gate -piers of limestone.

Ballynatray Circa 1600 house extended in late 18th century, redecorated in circa 1840. Yard gate piers are late 18th century; carriage house with six arches; small building with early-17th century walls.

Templemichael Ballynatray First Fruits type with West tower, in scenic position overlooking the river - not in use.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 175 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Dungarvan Area

Kilgobnet NNW of Dungarvan T-plan barn church of 1826 remodelled 1883 in Hiberno-Romanesque style.

Carriglea West of Dungarvan Early-19th century tudor-gothic revival house in ashlar sandstone. Lodge also in sandstone with similar detailing.

Mount Odell. West of Dungarvan Small T-plan plan house of c 1700 - a rarity

Whitechurch Elegant, early-19th century, neo-classical house with a limestone porch and courtyard behind.

Uplands of Central Waterford - Kilmacthomas

Ballylaneen Catholic church T-plan, barn church of 1824, pointed windows and bellcote.

Clonea Catholic church Magnificent gothic-revival church of 1860 by J.J.McCarthy.

Kill

Catholic church Mid-19th century, in the manner of McCarthy, of rusticated limestone with triple lancet windows at East and West ends.

'Dunphy's' Thatched public house.

Kilmacthomas Railway viaduct Eight arches of limestone.

Fews 2 miles N-W of Kilmacthomas T-plan barn church, windows with perpendicular tracery, bellcote.

Newtown N-E of Kilmacthomas T-plan barn-church of 1836 with perpendicular West window, block and start doorcase.

Gardenmorris Complex grouping of 17th century house, 18th century extension and Second Empire flamboyance . burnt 1920 and rebuilt

Stables are 18th century and have two courtyards.

Durrow Railway viaduct of seven arches

176 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

South Coast Bunmahon At the cross-roads is a five-bay thatched house.

Stradbally Catholic church Single-cell barn with tall pointed windows and sandstone tower dated 1870.

Old schoolhouse Hipped roof and eaves with plaque 1806.

Church of Ireland church Of 1786 with West tower.

Mausoleum in churchyard.

Opposite C of I church is a small schoolhouse with pointed windows.

Thatched house on road up to C of I church.

East side of village Five, three-bay, two-storey, early-19th century houses.

West side Two three-bay, two-storey houses.

Gabled glebe house.

Two further three-bay houses.

To South of village is a three-bay, single-storey limewashed house with hipped roof of thatch and Wyatt windows, circa 1810.

Knockmahon Bunmahon Single-cell church.

Corballymore East of Tramore Late-19th century, gothic-revival house of sandstone with bow-fronted tower.

Woodhouse Stradbally Early-19th century L-plan house.

Mid-19th century cast-iron gates.

Ballyvoyle Three arched road viaduct.

Metal Man At Newtown is a group of three columns

At Brownstown is a group of two coulmns

Suir Valley Churchtown West of Carrick-on-Suir Small c 1800 house with bow-fronted rere facade, inset doorcase with fanlight.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 177 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Gurteen le Poer Mid-19th century tudor-gothic essay by Samuel Roberts.

Front lodge is earlier and neo-Greek.

West lodge is similarly neo-Greek.

Kilmanaham Castle Ruin of an18th century, gothic revival house based on a late-medieval fortified house.

Knocklofty Bridge Shared with South Tipp, fine three-arched, late 18th century bridge possibly by Thomas Ivory.

Portlaw to Waterford

Mount Congreve Imposing rebuilding 0f a large late-18th century house

Gardens are extensive and fully cultivated.

Whitfield Court An important, Italianate house by Abraham Denny, circa 1850.

Woodlock Portlaw Large Italianate house of sandstone with a porch-portico.

Lodge also of sandstone

Clonegam Curraghmore Simple church of circa 1840, early stained glass of 1791, contains superb Beresford monuments.

Butlerstown Castle Late-medieval tower house with early-19th century crenellations.

Kilmeadan First Fruits type remodelled in 1973 with lush decorative plasterwork and fittings from St Olaf's in Waterford.

Lower Suir Valley Cheekpoint Row of single-storey cottages stepping down the hillside.

To the East A two-storey tower

A late-18th century brick-fronted house with granite doorcase- once a hotel.

Dunmore East Packet Harbour A pier of carlow granite with lighthouse in form of a doric column by Alexander Nimmo, 1814.

Dunmore Harbour Hotel Mid-19th century villa built by the Marquis of Waterford.

North of 'The Ocean' are two thatched cottages.

Opposite 'The Ocean' is an Italianate terrace of six houses.

178 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Opposite 'T.H.Burke' is a row of six thatched cottages.

Next to 'T.H.Burke', on the East side, is a row of three thatched cottages.

To the South of 'The Haven' is a Nash-like villa with wide eaves and pedimented breakfront.

The Haven , designed by J.S.Mulvany, has an H-plan with sprocketed roof, eaves, pierced bargeboarding, also wings. Include railings fronting the street.

Church of Ireland church Originally a First Fruits type with mid-19th century additions inc a West tower and spire.

Passage East Former Church of Ireland church Mid-18th century single-cell now converted for private use.

Northern square West side has a three-bay, three-storey late-18th century house

Next is an earlier house of three-bays and two storeys.

Southern square Mid-18th century house of five bays with square-headed doorcase,

Street opposite post Office 'Discover Waterford' is in a five-bay, three-storey house with georgian glazing.

To North is a three-bay, three-storey 18th-century house.

Crooke South of Passage East. Large single-cell with tall, pointed windows, later rusticated West gable.

Faithlegg 4 miles East of Waterford Early-19th century single cell with later tower and spire of 1873.

Killea Dunmore East T-plan barn church, with chamfered, re-entrant corners.

Ballinakill Waterford Tudor house with 17th century, early-18th century and late-18th century remodelling.

Ballinamona 3 miles South of Waterford Late-18th century house with ionic doorcase and fanlight remodelled in 1894. Garden with early-18th century canal.

Ballycanavan 4 miles East of Waterford Ruins of a tower-house with a c 1770 house beside it.

Ballydavid Woodstown Elegant, neo-classical house with wide eaves and low-pitched roof, wings and pavilions. cast-iron verandas.

Ballyglan Woodstown Large , painted and rendered, late-18th century house with a pedimented doric doorcase.

Dromina Woodstown Seven-bay late-18th century house with round-headed doorcase.

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 179 Appendix 5: Listed Buildings

Faithlegg Circa 1770 house with pedimented breakfront, wings and Italianate decoration by Samuel roberts. Circa 1830 plasterwork in interior.

The Island Waterford One of the last tudor-revival country houses. Large and boldly detailed.

Mount Alto Woodstown Single-storey, c 1830 seaside villa

Woodlands East of Waterford Small neo-classical house with a doric porch.

Woodstown Small seaside villa with tripartite windows.

Geneva Barracks Walled enclosure with high walls

The Nire The Nire Small gothic-revival church by J.J. McCarthy.

180 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 6

Schedule of Regional Roads

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 181 Appendix 6: Schedule of Regional Roads

Schedule of Regional Roads R.627 – between the Cork County Boundary at Moanfune and Tallow.

R.628 – between the Cork County Boundary at Limekilnclose and Tallow.

R.634 – between the junction with the N.25 at Rhinecrew and the junction with the N.72 at Tallow Bridge.

R.665 – between the Clonmel town boundary at Kilacomma and the County boundary at Knocklofty Bridge.

R.666 – between the Cork County Boundary at Inchileamy and the N.72 at Lismore Bridge.

R.668 – between the Tipperary County boundary at Glenackaun East and the N.72 at Ballyrafter.

R.669 – between junction with R.668 at Glentanagree Bridge and N.72 at Cappoquin.

R.671 – from the junction with the R.665 at Kilacomma and the N.72 at Piltown.

R.672 – between the junction with R.671 at Knockraha Bridge and the Dungarvan town boundary at Kilrush.

R.673 – between the junction at the N.72 at Kiely’s Cross and the junction with the N.72 at Cleary’s Cross via Ardmore.

R.674 – between the junction with the N.25 at Kilongford and Helvick Head.

R.675 – between the Dungarvan town boundary at Duckspool and Tramore Town.

R.676 – between the junction with the N.25 at Lemybrien and the Carrick-on-Suir town boundary at Crehanna.

R.677 – between the junction with the R.680 at Crehanna and the junction with the R.675 at Seafield via Kilmacthomas.

R.678 – between the junction with the Clonmel town boundary at Knocklucas and the junction with the R.677 at Lowrey’s Bridge.

R.679 – between the junction with the N.25 at Graigueshoneen and the R.677 at Kilmacthomas.

R.680 – between the junction with Clonmel town boundary near Croan and the Carrick-on-Suir town boundary near and from the Carrick-on-Suir town boundary at Tinhalla and the N.25 at Kilmeaden.

R.681 – between the junction with the N.25 at the sweep and the junction with the R.675 at Knockmahon.

R.682 – between the junction with the N.25 at Tramore Cross and Tramore Town at Monlaun.

R.683 – between city boundary at Blenheim and Passage East.

R.684 - between city boundary at Blenheim and Dunmore East.

R.685 – between its junction with R.684 at Kilmacomb and its junction with R.685 at Kilmacleague West.

R.708 – between the city boundary at Kilure and its junction with R.685 at Kilmacleague West.

182 1999 Waterford County Development Plan Appendix 7

Tree Preservation Orders in County Waterford

1999 Waterford County Development Plan 183 Appendix 7: Tree Preservation Orders in County Water ford

15/71 Major Hugh Dawney, Dooneen and Powersknock (342 trees).

77/72 Lord William Beresford, Woodhouse, Sheskin – Knockadrumlea J.C. McCoubrey (12 Oaks).

347/72 Curraghmore Estate, Guilcagh, Portlaw.

439/72 D. Desmond, Deerpark, Ballymacarbry (300 trees – Group).

440/72 Margaret Crotty, Ballymabin (Group)

545/72 Joseph A. Kelly, Ballyglan & Knockaveelish, Messrs Lisney & Son

271/76 (N.A.) Waterford Corporation Area

408/76 Cecil Rothwell, Ladies Cove, Dunmore East. (1 Group)

441/78 G. T. Ponsonby, Ballynatray (Annulled on Appeal), 14 Groups

76/80 South East Fishermans Co-op, Passage East (3 trees)

235/81 John Power, Kilmaloo West. (5 groups)

236/81 Liam O’Regan, Rincrew. (1 Group)

473/82 Donal O’Brien, Ballygally West and Glenbeg (6 Groups)

710/82 Michael Looby, Kilbree East (3 Groups)

455/83 Walter Hally, Ballyglan. (13 Groups)

468/83 Mce Power, Coolgower (12 groups)

599/83 William Coughlan, Dromina (4 Groups)

184 1999 Waterford County Development Plan 1999 Waterford County Development Plan 185