African Journal of Biotechnology
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Estimation of Antimicrobial Activities and Fatty Acid Composition Of
Estimation of antimicrobial activities and fatty acid composition of actinobacteria isolated from water surface of underground lakes from Badzheyskaya and Okhotnichya caves in Siberia Irina V. Voytsekhovskaya1,*, Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov1,2,*, Svetlana A. Murzina3, Svetlana N. Pekkoeva3, Eugeniy S. Protasov1, Stanislav V. Gamaiunov2 and Maxim A. Timofeyev1 1 Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia 2 Baikal Research Centre, Irkutsk, Russia 3 Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, Russia * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Extreme and unusual ecosystems such as isolated ancient caves are considered as potential tools for the discovery of novel natural products with biological activities. Acti- nobacteria that inhabit these unusual ecosystems are examined as a promising source for the development of new drugs. In this study we focused on the preliminary estimation of fatty acid composition and antibacterial properties of culturable actinobacteria isolated from water surface of underground lakes located in Badzheyskaya and Okhotnichya caves in Siberia. Here we present isolation of 17 strains of actinobacteria that belong to the Streptomyces, Nocardia and Nocardiopsis genera. Using assays for antibacterial and antifungal activities, we found that a number of strains belonging to the genus Streptomyces isolated from Badzheyskaya cave demonstrated inhibition activity against Submitted 23 May 2018 bacteria and fungi. It was shown that representatives of the genera Nocardia and Accepted 24 September 2018 Nocardiopsis isolated from Okhotnichya cave did not demonstrate any tested antibiotic Published 25 October 2018 properties. However, despite the lack of antimicrobial and fungicidal activity of Corresponding author Nocardia extracts, those strains are specific in terms of their fatty acid spectrum. -
Actinobacteria, <I>Streptomyces</I
Journal of Microbiology Research 2018, 8(4): 97-102 DOI: 10.5923/j.microbiology.20180804.02 Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Streptomyces gancidicus Strain SN-3 from Soil Samples Sreenivasa Nayaka1,*, Chethan J. Dandin2, Girish Babu K.1, Ravichandra Hospet1, Pallavi S. S.1, Bidhayak Chakaraborty1 1Department of P.G. Studies Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India 2Department of P.G. Studies in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India Abstract The present work was carried out for four Actinomycetes SN-1, SN-2, SN-3 and SN-4 isolated from soil samples of agricultural fields near University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka. Isolates were subjected for the screening of antimicrobial analysis by the cross streak method. Among four isolates the strain SN-3 has shown good antimicrobial activity. Morphological characterization by scanning electron microscopic analysis followed by physiological and biochemical characterizations were performed. The potent strain was identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequence (987 bp) and a phylogenetic tree was correlated with other species Streptomyces spp and finally, the strain was confirmed and identified as Streptomyces gancidicus SN-3. Keywords Actinobacteria, Streptomyces gancidicus, Antimicrobial, 16S rRNA long and it may fragment into smaller units. Identification of 1. Introduction Actinomycetes filamentous structure using microscopic and scanning electron microscope is not enough further, the Soil considered as a good source of potent biochemical methods help in identification of isolates for microorganisms and is an excellent resource for genus level. Presently with advanced technology, the many identification and characterization of novel antibiotic researchers performing 16S rRNA sequence analysis of the producing microorganisms among which Actinomycetes are Actinomycetes isolates for the species level identification known for their potential features in the production of [6,7]. -
Isolation and Screening of Cellulolytic Actinomycetes from Diverse Habitats
International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research(IJBR) ISSN 0976-2612, Online ISSN 2278–599X, Vol5, Issue3, 2014, pp438-451 http://www.bipublication.com Isolation and Screening of Cellulolytic Actinomycetes from Diverse Habitats Payal Das, Renu Solanki and Monisha Khanna* Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110 019 *Corresponding author: Dr. Monisha Khanna, Associate Professor in Zoology, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, Email: [email protected], [email protected], Tel: +91-011-26293224; Fax: +91-011-26294540 [Received 25/06/2014, Accepted-17/07/2014] ABSTRACT Cellulases have become the focal biocatalysts due to their wide spread industrial applications. Wide variety of bacteria in the environment permits screening for more efficient cellulase producing strains. The study focuses on isolation and screening of cellulase producing actinomycetes. The isolates from varied ecological habitats were subjected to primary screening. Between 80-90 % isolates were found to produce cellulase enzyme. Among the isolates tested, colonies 51, 157, 194 and NRRL B-16746 ( S. albidoflavus ) showing appreciable zones of clearance were selected for secondary screening. Enzyme activity was determined in crude and in partially purified extracts. NRRL B-16746 S. albidoflavus (1.165 U/ml/min) showed maximum activity followed by colony 194 (0.995 U/ml/min), colony 51 (0. 536 U/ml/min), colony 157 (0.515 U/ml/min) and NRRL B-1305 ( S. albogriseolus ; positive control) (0.484 U/ml/min). The taxonomic status of isolates 51,157 and 194 was studied by polyphasic approach including morphological and biochemical characterization. -
Production and Characterization of Β- Glucanase from Streptomyces Sp
Production and Characterization of β- Glucanase from Streptomyces sp. FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT (Project Reference No: 050/ WSD-BLS/2014/CSTE) Project Period: 01.12.2015 to 30.11.2018 Back To Lab Programme WOMEN SCIENTISTS DIVISION KERALA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT GOVT. OF KERALA LEKSHMI K. EDISON Research Scholar Microbiology Divison KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India January 2019 1 AUTHORIZATION The project Production and characterization of β- glucanase from Streptomyces sp. Lekshmi K. Edison, was carried out under the entitled “ Science Technology and Environment,” by Govt. of Kerala. The work was carried“Back out toat Microbiologylab programme” Division, of Women KSCSTE- Scientists Jawaharlal Division, Nehru Kerala Tropical State Botanic Council Gardenfor and Research Institute, Palode under the mentorship of Dr. N. S. Pradeep. The project was initiated on 1st December 2015 with sanction No: 523/2015/KSCSTE dated 14/09/2015, and scheduled completion by 30th November 2018. As per the schedule the field and laboratory works were completed by 30th November 2018 with a financial expenditure of Rs. 16,67,624 lakhs. 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am deeply indebted to Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment for the financial aid through “Back to Lab program for Women” which helped me to get an independent project with great exposure leading to career development. I am grateful to Dr. K.R. Lekha, Head, Women Scientists Division for the encouragement and support throughout the tenure of the project. I am grateful to Dr. N. S. Pradeep, Scientist mentor, JNTBGRI for giving consent to become the mentor of the Project. -
Genomic Characterization of a New Endophytic Streptomyces Kebangsaanensis Identifies Biosynthetic Pathway Gene Clusters for Novel Phenazine Antibiotic Production
Genomic characterization of a new endophytic Streptomyces kebangsaanensis identifies biosynthetic pathway gene clusters for novel phenazine antibiotic production Juwairiah Remali1, Nurul `Izzah Mohd Sarmin2, Chyan Leong Ng3, John J.L. Tiong4, Wan M. Aizat3, Loke Kok Keong3 and Noraziah Mohamad Zin1 1 School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2 Centre of PreClinical Science Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 4 School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia ABSTRACT Background. Streptomyces are well known for their capability to produce many bioac- tive secondary metabolites with medical and industrial importance. Here we report a novel bioactive phenazine compound, 6-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenoxy) carbonyl) phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (HCPCA) extracted from Streptomyces kebangsaanensis, an endophyte isolated from the ethnomedicinal Portulaca oleracea. Methods. The HCPCA chemical structure was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We conducted whole genome sequencing for the identification of the gene cluster(s) believed to be responsible for phenazine biosynthesis in order to map its corresponding pathway, in addition to bioinformatics analysis to assess the potential of S. kebangsaanensis in producing other useful secondary metabolites. Results. The S. kebangsaanensis genome comprises an 8,328,719 bp linear chromosome Submitted 8 May 2017 with high GC content (71.35%) consisting of 12 rRNA operons, 81 tRNA, and Accepted 4 August 2017 Published 29 November 2017 7,558 protein coding genes. We identified 24 gene clusters involved in polyketide, nonribosomal peptide, terpene, bacteriocin, and siderophore biosynthesis, as well as Corresponding author Noraziah Mohamad Zin, a gene cluster predicted to be responsible for phenazine biosynthesis. -
Investigating the Relationship Between Amphotericin B and Extracellular
Investigating the relationship between amphotericin B and extracellular vesicles produced by Streptomyces nodosus By Samuel John King A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Research School of Science and Health Western Sydney University 2017 Acknowledgements A big thank you to the following people who have helped me throughout this project: Jo, for all of your support over the last two years; Ric, Tim, Shamilla and Sue for assistance with electron microscope operation; Renee for guidance with phylogenetics; Greg, Herbert and Adam for technical support; and Mum, you're the real MVP. I acknowledge the services of AGRF for sequencing of 16S rDNA products of Streptomyces "purple". Statement of Authentication The work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original except as acknowledged in the text. I hereby declare that I have not submitted this material, either in full or in part, for a degree at this or any other institution. ……………………………………………………..… (Signature) Contents List of Tables............................................................................................................... iv List of Figures .............................................................................................................. v Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. vi Abstract ..................................................................................................................... -
Microbial Factors Associated with the Natural Suppression of Take-All In
Title Page Microbial factors associated with the natural suppression of take-all in wheat in New Zealand A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy At Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand by Soon Fang Chng Lincoln University 2009 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Abstract Microbial factors associated with the natural suppression of take- all in wheat in New Zealand by Soon Fang Chng Take-all, caused by the soilborne fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt), is an important root disease of wheat that can be reduced by take-all decline (TAD) in successive wheat crops, due to general and/or specific suppression. A study of 112 New Zealand wheat soils in 2003 had shown that Ggt DNA concentrations (analysed using real-time PCR) increased with successive years of wheat crops (1-3 y) and generally reflected take-all severity in subsequent crops. However, some wheat soils with high Ggt DNA concentrations had low take-all, suggesting presence of TAD. This study investigated 26 such soils for presence of TAD and possible suppressive mechanisms, and characterised the microorganisms from wheat roots and rhizosphere using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). A preliminary pot trial of 29 soils (including three from ryegrass fields) amended with 12.5% w/w Ggt inoculum, screened their suppressiveness against take-all in a growth chamber. Results indicated that the inoculum level was too high to detect the differences between soils and that the environmental conditions used were unsuitable. -
Bioinformatic Analysis of Streptomyces to Enable Improved Drug Discovery
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2019 BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF STREPTOMYCES TO ENABLE IMPROVED DRUG DISCOVERY Kaitlyn Christina Belknap University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Belknap, Kaitlyn Christina, "BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF STREPTOMYCES TO ENABLE IMPROVED DRUG DISCOVERY" (2019). Master's Theses and Capstones. 1268. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/1268 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF STREPTOMYCES TO ENABLE IMPROVED DRUG DISCOVERY BY KAITLYN C. BELKNAP B.S Medical Microbiology, University of New Hampshire, 2017 THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Genetics May, 2019 ii BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF STREPTOMYCES TO ENABLE IMPROVED DRUG DISCOVERY BY KAITLYN BELKNAP This thesis was examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Genetics by: Thesis Director, Brian Barth, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Co-Thesis Director, Cheryl Andam, Assistant Professor of Microbial Ecology Krisztina Varga, Assistant Professor of Biochemistry Colin McGill, Associate Professor of Chemistry (University of Alaska Anchorage) On February 8th, 2019 Approval signatures are on file with the University of New Hampshire Graduate School. -
Patterns of Horizontal Gene Transfer Into the Geobacillus Clade
Imperial College London London Institute of Medical Sciences Patterns of Horizontal Gene Transfer into the Geobacillus Clade Alexander Dmitriyevich Esin September 2018 Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Imperial College London For my grandmother, Marina. Without you I would have never been on this path. Your unwavering strength, love, and fierce intellect inspired me from childhood and your memory will always be with me. 2 Declaration I declare that the work presented in this submission has been undertaken by me, including all analyses performed. To the best of my knowledge it contains no material previously published or presented by others, nor material which has been accepted for any other degree of any university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text. 3 The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives licence. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or redistribution, researchers must make clear to others the licence terms of this work. 4 Abstract Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the major driver behind rapid bacterial adaptation to a host of diverse environments and conditions. Successful HGT is dependent on overcoming a number of barriers on transfer to a new host, one of which is adhering to the adaptive architecture of the recipient genome. -
Bioactive Phthalate from Marine Streptomyces Ruber EKH2 Against Virulent fish Pathogens
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research (2015) 41, 49–56 HOSTED BY National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research http://ees.elsevier.com/ejar www.sciencedirect.com FULL LENGTH ARTICLE Bioactive phthalate from marine Streptomyces ruber EKH2 against virulent fish pathogens Khouloud Mohamed Barakat *, Ehab Aly Beltagy Microbiology Lab., Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, El-Anfoushy, Qayet Bay, Alexandria, Egypt Received 21 January 2015; revised 4 March 2015; accepted 4 March 2015 Available online 3 April 2015 KEYWORDS Abstract Marine Streptomyces ruber EKH2 isolated from sediments of Bardawil Lake, Egypt, was Phthalate; found as a promising strain for producing bioactive metabolite(s) working against some virulent Marine Streptomyces ruber fish pathogens. Some biochemical and morphological characterizations of marine S. ruber EKH2 EKH2; were carried out. Cell free culture showed activities against the tested pathogens ranging from Fish pathogens; 15 to 30 mm. Optimized conditions for maximum activities were observed at neutrality and GC–MS; temperature 28 °C against the tested strains. Two grams of the ethyl acetate crude extract from Toxicity 10 L culture supernatant was chromatographically separated into three fractions and bioassayed. One major antibacterial compound was separated exhibiting MIC average 12.5 lg/ml. Phthalic acid was structurally suggested on the basis of gas chromatography–mass spectrum (GC–MS) and infrared spectrum (IR). Phthalate activities were compared with known standard antibiotics used in fish therapy and found to be superior. A slight toxicity of phthalate against brine shrimp (LC50 = 2800 lg/ml) was observed. Dealing with pan-drug resistant bacteria in fish therapy, this study confirmed that marine S. -
New Records of Streptomyces and Non Streptomyces Actinomycetes Isolated from Soils Surrounding Sana'a High Mountain
International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biosciences Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2016, PP 19-31 ISSN 2394-5885 (Print) & ISSN 2394-5893 (Online) New Records of Streptomyces and Non Streptomyces Actinomycetes Isolated from Soils Surrounding Sana'a High Mountain Qais Yusuf M. Abdullah1, Maher Ali. Al-Maqtari2, Ola, A A. Al-Awadhi3 Abdullah Y. Al-Mahdi 4 Department of Biology, Microbiology Section Faculty of Science, Sana'a University1, 3, 4 Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University2 ABSTRACT Actinomycetes are ubiquitous soil-dwelling saprophytes known to produce secondary metabolites may of which are antibiotic. 20 soil samples were collected from three different sites at high altitude environments surrounding Sana'a city, which ranged from 2300-3000 m above sea level as a prime source of promising native rare actinomycetes. 516 actinomycetes isolates were isolated in pure culture and five selective pretreatment isolation methods. Out of 232 isolates, 26 actinomycetes showing good activity. The identification of 26 selected actinomycetes based on cultural morphology, physiology and biochemical characterization. From the preceding bacteria, thirteen actinomycetes were recorded for the first time from Yemeni soil of these: four non-Streptomyces namely (Intrasporangium sp., Nocardiodes luteus, Sporichthya polymorpha and Streptovirticillium cinnamoneum) and nine Streptomyces namely (S. anulatus, S. celluloflavus, S. cellulosae, S. chromofucus, S. erythrogriseus, S. flavidvirens, S. flavissimus, S. globosus and S. griseoflavus). The results of this study suggested that the soil of high mountains such as Sana'a Mountains could be an interesting source to explore new strains that recorded for the first time in Yemen, Sana'a City. -
Characterization of Streptomyces Species Causing Common Scab Disease in Newfoundland Agriculture Research Initiative Project
Dawn Bignell Memorial University [email protected] Characterization of Streptomyces species causing common scab disease in Newfoundland Agriculture Research Initiative Project #ARI-1314-005 FINAL REPORT Submitted by Dr. Dawn R. D. Bignell March 31, 2014 Page 1 of 34 Dawn Bignell Memorial University [email protected] Executive Summary Potato common scab is an important disease in Newfoundland and Labrador and is characterized by the presence of unsightly lesions on the potato tuber surface. Such lesions reduce the quality and market value of both fresh market and seed potatoes and lead to significant economic losses to potato growers. Currently, there are no control strategies available to farmers that can consistently and effectively manage scab disease. Common scab is caused by different Streptomyces bacteria that are naturally present in the soil. Most of these organisms are known to produce a plant toxin called thaxtomin A, which contributes to disease development. Among the new scab control strategies that are currently being proposed are those aimed at reducing or eliminating the production of thaxtomin A by these bacteria in soils. However, such strategies require a thorough knowledge of the types of pathogenic Streptomyces bacteria that are prevalent in the soil and whether such pathogens have the ability to produce this toxic metabolite. Currently, no such information exists for the scab-causing pathogens that are present in the soils of Newfoundland. This project entitled “Characterization of Streptomyces species causing common scab disease in Newfoundland” is the first study that provides information on the types of pathogenic Streptomyces species that are present in the province and the virulence factors that are used by these microbes to induce the scab disease symptoms.