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INSECt IDENTIFICATION LABORATORY ANNUAL REPORT 1981 Daniel J . Hilburn William A. Allen Department of Entomology College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Virginia Cooperati ve Extension Service Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universit y 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction .•••.•......•.•............•...............•..•• 3 .... 9 Specimens Received by Month and Commodity Group ...........• 6 Most Frequently Received Insects: Ornamentals and Shade Trees. 7 Household and Structural Wood. 12 Vegetables, Field Crops, and Forage. 15 Fruits and Nuts ..••.••.•..•.•..•••.......•••••.•...•.• 17 General •....••..•......•.•••.•.•.••....••••.•••.•. • • • • 19 Lawn and Turf. • •••••.••••••••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • 21 Stored Products ....•.....•......•....•....•........•.. 22 Animal ...•......••.•......•...••......•....••......... 22 Human..............•....•......•..•.........•..•...•.. 22 Ap i cu 1 t u r e . • . • . • • • . • . • . • • . • • . • 22 3 INTRODUCTION This report summarizes the activity of the Insect Identification Laboratory at Virginia Tech for 1981. The lab is located in 312 Price Hall. It is staffed by one half-time Laboratory Specialist, Daniel J. Hilburn. Specimens are identified and recorded in the lab, then sent to Extension Entomologists who handle particular commodity groups for control recommendations and additional comments. Specimens may be brought directly to the lab or mailed to: Insect Identification Laboratory Extension Entomology 312 Price Hall VPI & SU Blacksburg, VA 24061~5796 Local offices of the Cooperative Extension Service in counties and municipalities are provided with Insect Identification and Diagnosis Request forms, alcohol vials, and mailing tubes for sending insects and insect damaged specimens to the lab. In many cases no effort is made to identify insects beyond the family level, and common names are used where possible because of their wide recognition. A total of 2,028 requests were received in 1981, many of them with more than one insect problem per specimen. This causes discrepancies between the number of specimens received and the number of insects identified. The previous record high was in 1979 when 1,770 specimens were received. 4 Persons providing identifications and/or control recommendations: Mr. Daniel J. Hilburn ........................•.•.•... General Laboratory Specialist Dr.John A. Weidhaas .....................•.•...... Ornamentals Extension Entomologist Dr. Wi11 iam H Robinson •.......• Household and Structural Wood, Extension Entomologist Fruits and Nuts, Lawn and Turf, Human Dr. James E. Roberts ...... Vegetables and Field Crops, Animal Extension Entomologist Dr. William A. Allen ............•......•............. General Extension Entomologist Mr. Boris Kondratieff ••........•....•...•......•...•. General Research Assistant Dr. Michael Kosztarab ....•........•.•........•• Scale Insects Professor of Entomology Dr. Richard D. Fell .......... Apiculture and Stinging Insects Assistant Professor of Entomology Mr. John M. Luna ................•............•....... Alfalfa Extension Entomologist Mr. Taylor Williams ................••..•...•...• Grasshoppers Graduate Research Assistant 5 The following table lists the growth of activities and services provided by the Insect Identification Laboratory and the faculty and staff associated with it since 1967. Number of Specimens Identified !_ Identifications Identifications for from Identified by Extension Agents Black Light Traps the USNMthru Year and the Public at Ports of Entry the IIL 1967 318 a a 1968 984 130 a 1969 1104 140 a 1970 1245 490 a 1971 1276 1120 100b 1972 970 557 516 1973 1124 683 184 1974 1264 742 316 1975 1430 781 160 1976 1437 457 223 1977 1365 500b 282 1978 1351 550b 89 1979 1770 0 120 1980 1527 0 23 1981 2028 0 89 ' aService not previously provided. bEstimated Figure SPECIMENSRECEIVED BY THE INSECT IDENTIFICATIONLABORATORY IN 1981 % of JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC TOTALTOTAL Ornamentals, Shade Trees 10 17 44 58 119 154 128 114 94 75 25 23 856 42% Household, Structural Wood 28 20 41 74 57 73 59 48 48 51 24 18 546 21% Vegetables, field Crops, Forage 1 14 29 43 40 34 19 13 1 195 10% Fruits, Nuts 2 5 9 1 1 36 45 25 22 10 8 1 1 175 9% General 2 2 4 30 21 28 28 26 12 6 159 8% Lawn,Turf 1 3 14 10 9 18 21 3 2 81 4% Stored Products 1 1 3 1 1 1 0.3% Animal 1 1 1 1 1 5 0.2% Human 1 1 1 3 0. 1% Apiculture 1 1 0.05% TOTAL 42 42 99 166 286 347 290 268 221 162 62 43 2028 % OF TOTAL 2% 2% 5% 8% 14% 17% 14% 13% 11% 8% 3% 2% 7 MOSTFREQUENTLY RECEIVED INSECTS ORNAMENTALSAND SHADE TREES J F M A M J J A s 0 N D TOTAL •- -- i Not an insecta 2 3 6 13 6 6 13 12 7 4 1 1 74 Unidentifiableb 1 1 2 2 10 12 4 5 4 1 1 43 Boxwood Mite 1 8 3 1 5 1 4 4 1 28 Euonymus Scale 3 1 7 2 7 3 1 2 26 Aphidsc 4 5 2 3 3 7 2 26 White Peach Scale 1 3 2 1 5 3 1 6 2 1 25 Spider Mitesc 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 6 2 23 Gallsc 1 1 7 5 4 2 1 21 Spruce Mite 1 4 2 7 3 2 19 Lady Beetles 4 1 3 4 3 15 Buck Moth Caterpillar 12 2 14 White Pine Aphid 1 1 3 5 4 14 European Hornet 1 6 4 1 1 Elm Leaf Beetle 5 2 3 1 1 1 Hickory Leaf-Stem Gall Phylloxera 3 8 1 1 Round-Headed Borers 2 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 Pine Bark Adelgid 2 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 Boxwood Leafminer 2 6 2 10 Maple Bladder Galls 9 1 10 ~ Vein Pocket Gall 2 5 2 1 10 Azala Lacebug 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 10 8 J F M A M J J A s 0 N D TOTAL Psocids 6 2 2 10 San Jose Scale 1 2 3 2 1 9 Soft Brown Scale 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 8 1 Arborviate Leafminer 2 3 1 1 1 8 Boxwood Psyllid 2 4 1 1 8 Spittlebugs 2 4 1 1 8 Wooly Alder Aphid 8 8 Spiny Elm Caterpillar 3 2 2 7 Hemispherical Scale 1 1 1 1 2 6 Mealybugs 1 3 1 1 6 Oak Lecanium 3 2 1 6 . Oak Spangles 2 2 1 1 6 Oak Leafier/ Leaf roller 2 3 1 6 Japanese Weevil 1 4 1 6 Cottony Camellia Scale 1 1 1 1 1 5 Deodar Weevil 1 2 1 1 5 Termites 2 1 1 1 5 Wheelbug 1 1 3 5 Fiorinia Hemlock Scale 1 1 1 1 1 5 Stink Bugs 1 1 2 1 5 Locust Leafminer 2 1 1 1 5 Walnut Caterpillar 1 2 2 5 Hickory Horned Devil 4 1 5 Noctuids 1 2 1 4 9 J F M A M J J A s 0 N D TOTAL Pine Needle Scale 1 1 1 1 4 • Sap Beetles 2 1 1 4 f. Horned Oak Gall 1 1 1 1 4 Obscure Scale 2 1 1 4 Long-Horned Beetlesc 2 1 1 4 Weevil Larvae 2 1 1 4 Cottony Maple Leaf Scale 3 1 4 Oystershell Scale 1 2 1 4 Four-Lined Plant Bug 4 4 Pine Tip Moth 4 4 Pine Sawyer Beetles 1 2 1 4 Catalpa Sphinx 1 1 2 4 Magnolia Scale 1 3 4 Red-Headed Pine Sawfly 2 2 4 Fall Webworm 2 2 4 Azalea Caterpillar 2 2 4 Webwormsc 3 1 4 Received 3 times in 1981 Anthomyiid Flies with Gloomy Scale fungus disease Hemlock Woolly Adlgid Carpenterworm Holly Leafminer ,,, Cyclamen mite Insect Eggsc Eastern Tent Caterpillar ~ spp. Erineum Mites Japanese Scale Eriophyiid Mites Juniper &eafminer European Fruit Lecanium Lacebugs Fall Cankerworm Leafminersc 10 Maggots 0 Tea Scale Orange-Striped Oakworm Tiger Moth Caterpillars Pine Webworm Wax Scale Pink-Striped Oakworm Whiteflies Sawflies 0 Woolly Aphidsc Scales Woolly Fold Gall Spring Cankerworm Yellow-Necked Caterpillar Syrphid Flies Received 2 Times in 1981 Azalea Leafminer Millipedes Bagworms Oak Apple Gall Borers 0 Oak Kermes Bronze Birch Borer Oak Lacebug Cicadas Oak Phlloxera Clover Mite Pine Looper Dark-Winged Fungus Gnats Pine Tortoise Scale Earwigs Raspberry Cane Borer European Corn Borer Red-Humped Caterpillar Forest Tent Caterpillar Saddleback Caterpillar Gall Aphidc Southern Red Mite Gypsy Moth Sphinx Moth Larvae Imperial Moth Caterpillar Spotted Pine Aphid Introduced Pine Sawfly Sycamore Lacebug Iris Borer Tulip Tree Scale Japanese Beetle Two-Spotted Spider Mite Juniper Bud Mites Weevil Feeding 0 Juniper Webworm White Pine Sawfly Latania Seal~ White Pine Weevil Leaf Beetles Willow Aphids Maple Leafspot Gall Woolly Oak Gall Items Received 1 Time in 1981 American Dagger Moth Dogwood Stem Gall Barberry Webworm Dogwood Twig Borer Beech Bligh~ Aphid Elm Bark Beetles Beetle Grub Elm Borer Blister Beetles Elm Calligrapha Beetle Bostrichid Borer Fern Scale Boxelder Aphid Flannal Moth Caterpillar Boxelder Bug Flat Bark Bug Bumble Bees Flat-Headed Borers 0 Calico Scale Flat-Headed Apple Tree Borer Carrot Beetle Geometrid Larva Centipede Giant Bark Aphid Common Stalk Borer Glyptoscelis pubescens Cooley Spruce Gall Adelgid Gouty Vein Gall Corn Earworm Great Leopard Moth Crape Myrtle Aphid Gregarious Oak Leafminer Cyanophyllum Scale Hackberry Button Gall Cypress Tip Moth Hackberry Psyllid Gall Dermestid Beetles Harlaquin Bug Dogwood Scurfy Scale Hemlock Scale 1 1 Hickory Tube Galls Plant Bugsc Horn tails Poplar Tentmaker Ichneumon Wasp Prionus Beetle Katydid Eggs Pyracantha Webworm Larger Elm Leaf Beetle Red-headed Ash Borer Leaf-footed Bug Reduviid Eggs Leafhoppers Rhagoletis juniperina Lecanium Scale Rhododendron Borer Lesser Bulb Fly Round-Headed Apple Tree Borer Luna Moth Scarab Bettlec Mimosa Webworm Seed Bugs Minute Brown Scavanger Beetle Seed Ticks Mottled Willow Borer Small Pointed Oak Gall Mulberry Whitefly Soldier Beetles Narcissus Bulb Fly Sowbugs Native Holly Leafminer Springtails Oak Leafminer Treehoppers Oak Petiole Gall Trogositid Beetle Painted Hickory Borer Tumbling Flower Beetle Parlatoria sp. Twig Pruner Peach Twig Borer Ugly Nest Caterpillar Pearslug Sawfly Wild Cherry Pouch Gall Peony Sca:J_e Willow Potato Gall Pine Needleminer Window Fly Larva Pissodes sp.
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  • Io Moth (Automeris Io)

    Io Moth (Automeris Io)

    CLOSE ENCOUNTERS WITH THE ENVIRONMENT What’s Eating You? Io Moth (Automeris io) Eric W. Hossler, MD; Dirk M. Elston, MD; David L. Wagner, PhD f the 7 species of Automeris moths (order, About 10 days after being deposited, minute 2- to Lepidoptera; family, Saturniidae) found in the 3-mm larvae emerge from the ova and feed gregari- O United States, Automeris io often is the most ously upon their host plant. Favorite foods of the Io common and familiar. Its range extends as far north caterpillars include azaleas, birch, blackberry, cherry, as Quebec, Ontario, and southern Manitoba, Canada; clover, cotton, currant, elm, hackberry, hibiscus, west to Utah, Colorado, Nebraska, and Texas; and mesquite, oak, pear, poplar, redbud, rose, sassafras, south to Florida, eastern Mexico, and Costa Rica.1-3 and willow.1,2,4 In addition, larvae frequently feed on Across much of its range, the moths and their lar- grasses such as corn or Bermuda grass.2,4 Io moths are vae are among the most common giant silk moths around in deciduous woodlands, forests, and fields; encountered by the public. In Louisiana, the closely along power line rights-of-way; and in orchards, related Automeris louisiana largely replaces the Io parks, and suburban yards.2,5 moth in coastal areas.2 The sexually dimorphic adults have a wingspan The Io moth has 4 life stages: egg, larva (or cat- of 2.0 to 3.5 in and are easily recognized by the pres- erpillar), pupa, and adult. Eclosion of Io moths from ence of prominent black to blue eyespots with white cocoons occurs during late morning or early evening.