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Gasach / Aserbaidschan

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Gasach / Aserbaidschan Die Doktorarbeit untersucht die Wanderschafhaltung in ausgewähltem Unter- suchungsgebiet Gandja-Gasach in Aserbaidschan. In dieser Studie wurden der Landwirtschaftssektor in Aserbaidschan mit Fokus auf den Transformationspro- zess strukturell charakterisiert, die Eigenschaften der Wanderschafhaltungsbe- triebe dargestellt, die Ist-Situation der Wanderschafhaltung aus ökonomischer Sicht vertieft analysiert und daraus abgeleitet Schwachstellen identifiziert. Weiterhin wurden Lösungsansätze zur Verbesserung der Ist-Situation entwickelt. Die betriebsspezifischen Daten wurden von 120 Wanderschafhaltungsbetrieben in den Jahren 2009-2012 erhoben und je nach Fragetyp qualitativ und/oder quantitativ ausgewertet. Basierend auf wirtschaftlicher Bewertung sowie der Identifizierung von Schwachstellen wurden Lösungsansätze zur Verbesserung Naiba Allahverdiyeva der Ist-Situation entwickelt und Investition in Szenarien anhand von zwei Mo- dellbetrieben weiter analysiert, die Betriebe kleiner und mittlerer Größe reprä- Wirtschaftliche Bewertung von sentieren. Zudem ist ein Szenario für Tierarztgemeinschaften in der vorliegenden Arbeit entwickelt und deren Wirtschaftlichkeit bewertet worden. Wanderschafhaltungsbetrieben Die Analyse zeigt, dass die gemeinsamen Investitionstätigkeiten bei den Modell- in der Region Gandja - Gasach / betrieben erwartungsgemäß zu einer Verbesserung der ökonomischen Situation Aserbaidschan im Vergleich zur Investitionstätigkeit ohne Kooperation führen. Insbesondere die kleinen Betriebe können von einer Investition mit Kooperation profitieren und bei Status quo und Ableitung verhältnismäßig geringen Kostensteigerungen die höchsten Leistungszuwächse von Verbesserungspotentialen im Vergleich zu individuellen Investitionen erzielen. Abschließend wurden die Empfehlungen an Viehhalter und an geeignete Institu- tionen zur Änderung der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen zur Verbesserung der Schwachstellen und tierärztlichen Betreuung etc. gegeben. ISBN 978-3-7376-0614-1 kassel 9 783737 606141 university press ! " kassel university press # $% ' ( * # + , ' $ #' -# . ./ $$ . 0 1 .# .# 2 1 .# .( 4$"' 5 $ 1 07.8' 9:;< = $ # ' # # ' + 1' # > # $= "0 . . ?.0* @( .@#.9:;< =A<BC<C<7:7;D;-" / =A<BC<C<7:7;EB- '/ #8=0 "0 F.$ . ;:.;A9;;*(1A<BC<C<7:7;EB (0 "0 . 00 0:::9D:7;EC '9:;B@' " $4@* ." .' . 1 $ Inhaltsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis ............................................................................................................ viii Abbildungsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................ xii Bildverzeichnis ................................................................................................................... xiv Abkürzungsverzeichnis ....................................................................................................... xv Vorwort .............................................................................................................................. xvii Danksagung ...................................................................................................................... xviii 1 Einleitung ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Problemstellung .......................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Zielsetzung und Vorgehensweise ............................................................................... 6 1.3 Aufbau der Arbeit ....................................................................................................... 8 2 Beschreibung des Untersuchungslandes und -gebietes ................................................ 12 2.1 Geographische Lage ................................................................................................. 12 2.2 Natürliche Standortbedingungen .............................................................................. 15 2.2.1 Klima ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.2.2 Boden ........................................................................................................................ 17 2.2.3 Wasser ...................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.4 Vegetation und Fauna ............................................................................................... 22 3 Material und Methoden ................................................................................................ 26 3.1 Auswahlverfahren der Betriebe ................................................................................ 28 3.2 Datenerhebung .......................................................................................................... 29 3.2.1 Primärdaten ............................................................................................................... 30 3.2.2 Sekundärdaten .......................................................................................................... 34 3.3 Datenauswertung ...................................................................................................... 35 3.3.1 Qualitative Auswertung ............................................................................................ 35 3.3.2 Quantitative Auswertung .......................................................................................... 37 3.4 Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalyse ........................................................................................ 38 3.4.1 Kategorisierung der Betriebe .................................................................................... 38 3.4.2 Auswahlmethode des typischen Betriebs ................................................................. 39 3.4.3 Die methodischen Werkzeuge MAX und BEP ........................................................ 40 3.4.4 Rentabilität ............................................................................................................... 45 iii 3.4.5 Stabilität ................................................................................................................... 48 3.4.6 Liquidität .................................................................................................................. 48 3.5 Szenarien-Rechnungen ............................................................................................. 50 3.5.1 Modellbetriebe ......................................................................................................... 50 3.5.2 Analyse des Erfolgs der Szenarien ........................................................................... 51 3.5.3 Vergleich der Ergebnisse ......................................................................................... 52 4 Die Landwirtschaft in Aserbaidschan und in der Region Gandja-Gasach .................. 53 4.1 Allgemeines .............................................................................................................. 53 4.2 Landwirtschaftliche Nutzfläche ............................................................................... 54 4.2.1 Nutzungs- und Verwaltungsstruktur der Weideflächen ........................................... 57 4.2.2 Ökologische Probleme der Weiden .......................................................................... 63 4.3 Landwirtschaftliche Betriebe ................................................................................... 64 4.4 Pflanzenproduktion .................................................................................................. 65 4.5 Viehwirtschaft .......................................................................................................... 66 4.5.1 Rinderhaltung ........................................................................................................... 68 4.5.2 Schaf- und Ziegenhaltung ........................................................................................ 68 4.6 Agrarpolitik im Strukturwandel und Transformationsprozess ................................. 71 4.7 Institutionen .............................................................................................................. 76 4.8 Vermarktung von Agrarprodukten ........................................................................... 79 4.9 Außenhandel ............................................................................................................. 81 5 Kooperationen in der Landwirtschaft Aserbaidschans ................................................ 84 5.1 Begriffsbestimmung ................................................................................................. 84 5.2 Ziele der Kooperationen ........................................................................................... 85 5.3 Formen der Kooperationen ....................................................................................... 86 5.4 Voraussetzungen ...................................................................................................... 87 5.5 Kooperationen in Aserbaidschan ............................................................................. 90 5.5.1 Tauschgemeinschaften ............................................................................................
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