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Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Volume 9, Number 1, 2014 PROCEEDINGS AND PAPER ABSTRACTS OF THE Ninth Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference Madison, Wisconsin, October 16, 2014 Nepal Study Center The University of New Mexico Published by Nepal Study Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, US Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 PAPERS, ABSTRACTS, AND PROCEEDINGS OF The Ninth Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference Thursday, October 16, 2014 Madison Concourse Hotel and Governors' Club Pre-conference Venue of the 43rd South Asian Conference at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison, (October 16-19, 2014) Department of Economics, The University of New Mexico 1915 Roma Ave NE, MSC05 3060, Room 1019, Albuquerque, NM 87131 http://nepalstudycenter.unm.edu/ Phone: 1-505-277-5903/Email: [email protected] Nepal Study Center, University of New Mexico i Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Guest Editors Vijaya R. Sharma, PhD University of Colorado Boulder Mukti P. Upadhyay, PhD Eastern Illinois University Jeffry Drope, PhD Marquette University Naresh Nepal, PhD University of New Mexico Soumi Roy Chowdhury University of New Mexico Conference Organizing Committee Alok K. Bohara, PhD University of New Mexico Jennifer Thacher, PhD University of New Mexico Mukti P. Upadhyay, PhD Eastern Illinois University Vijaya R. Sharma, PhD University of Colorado Boulder Jeffry Drope, PhD Marquette University Sakib Mahmud, PhD University of Wisconsin-Superior Shikha Silwal, PhD Washington and Lee University Prakash Adhikari, PhD Central Michigan University ii Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Technical Support Prakash Adhikari Central Michigan University Jazmin Knight University of New Mexico Soumi Roy Chowdhury University of New Mexico iii Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Session Chairs and Discussants Session 1: Gender Issues Chair: Gayatri Bhattacharya, University of Calcutta, India Discussants: Shikha Silwal, Samyukta Ghimire Session 2: Environment and Climate Change Chair: Andrew Nelson, University of North Texas, USA Discussants: Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj, Wenmei Guo, Soumi Roy Chowdhury, Keshav Bhattarai Session 3: Poverty Alleviation Chairs: Sikha Silwal, Washington and Lee University, USA Discussants: Mukti Upadhayay, Damodharan Rajasenan, Udaya Wagle, Nusrat Farah, Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj Session 4: Education, Identity and Migration Chairs: Keshav Bhattarai, University of Central Missouri, USA Discussants: Vijaya Sharma, Andrew Nelson, Mukti Upadhyay iv Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 CONTENTS Guest Editors ...................................................................................................................... ii Conference Organizing Committee .................................................................................... ii Technical Support ............................................................................................................. iii Session Chairs and Discussants ......................................................................................... iv Welcome Note from Editors .............................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 3 Financial Support ............................................................................................................... 3 PAPERS AND ABSTRACTS .................................................................................. 4 Gender Issues Interpretive reflections on learning motivations in Bangladesh as revealed by poetry ....................................................................................... Tanzeem Ali and Timothy Slater 5 Women’s participation in the formal financial market in Nepal: Evidence from NLSS III data .......................................... Samyukta Ghimire Yagya Sharma and Mukti Upadhyay 6 Statelessness among women and children in Nepal .................................... Indu Tuladhar 7 Environment and Climate Change Knowledge, attitude, belief and behavior of the Bagmati River users in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal ...................................................................................................................... Soumi Roy Chowdhury, Alok K. Bohara, Hari Katuwal, Jose Pagan and Jennifer Thatcher 9 Micro-climatic changes in Thar Desert in India: Development and challenges ................... ................................................................ Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj and Madhukar Gupta 13 Sustainable management of contested area using ecosystem services approach .................. ............................................................................................................. Keshav Bhattarai 19 Joint regression analysis of the effect of climate risk on food security in rural Nepal: Using Copula approach .................................................. Wenmei Guo and Alok Bohara 20 Poverty Alleviation The magnitudes and caste/ethnic bases of transient and chronic poverty in Nepal: A longitudinal household-level analysis (2014) ........................................ Udaya R. Wagle 21 Impact of remittance on poverty and inequality in Nepal: Evidence from three rounds of the NLSS survey ..............................................Satis C Devkota and Mukti P Upadhyay 22 Impact of household and demographic characteristics on poverty in Bangladesh: A logistic regression analysis .......................................................................... Nusrat Farah 24 v Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Dynamics of poverty and household economic development among the socially excluded groups in the bio-diversity hotspot of Wayanad, Kerala ................. Damodar Rajasenan 25 Trade-led poverty reduction: A case study on Bangladesh ................. Tofayel Ahmmad 32 Education, Identity and Migration The predicament of the Tamangs in search of identity ............... Gayatri Bhattacharyya 33 What works best to motivate students in a general education introductory economics course? .................................................................................................... Sakib Mahmud 40 Nepalis to El Norte: Questions for the emerging trend of Nepali migration to the United States via Latin America ........................................................................ Andrew Nelson 41 HJDD EDITORIAL BOARD .......................................................................................... 43 Manuscript Submission Guideline for HJDD................................................................... 44 vi Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 Welcome Note from Editors On behalf of the editorial board of the Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy (HJDD) and the conference organizing committee, I would like to thank all the participants at the Ninth Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference (HPRC) held at the venue of the University of Wisconsin’s 43rd Annual South Asian Conference, Madison, WI. As usual, we had a very successful event with an enthusiastic participation from all over. A larger number of abstracts were carefully screened and ranked by a team of our dedicated NSC member scholars – Dr. Jennifer Thacher, Dr. Mukti Upadhyay, Dr. Vijaya Sharma, and Dr. Jeffry Drope. NSC was established at the University of New Mexico in 2004 with the objective to promote policy research related to the South Asian region and the countries of the Himalayan region. The NSC team remains dedicated to creating platforms for the enhancement of knowledge sharing, particularly in the areas of sustainable development, environment, poverty, governance, and health. Among its other prominent activities, NSC publishes two e-journals (Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy and Liberal Democracy Nepal Bulletin), maintains an electronic repository to allow scholars to upload, store, and disseminate policy research, coordinates the Himalayan study abroad program, and doctoral and post-doctoral research projects. Nepal Study Center has added a milestone by facilitating the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the University of New Mexico and the Kathmandu University (KU) and the Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)’s 8-country Himalayan University Consortium (HUC). As a part of the UNM-KU MOU, the NSC-UNM has a branch office at KU’s School of Management (KUSOM) complex in Balkumari, Kathmandu. This regional office hopes to facilitate academic activities in the region, and ultimately leading to the establishment of a Graduate School of Economics and Public Policy. Our inaugural HPRC in 2006 was ambitious in ensuring a significant convergence of researchers working on policy relevant issues on South Asia. That foundation work led to consecutive successes in the following years and has now made HPRC a durable annual event. We hope that these conferences, together with research activities performed at NSC and by its research affiliates, will culminate in the formation of an Association 1 Himalayan Journal of Development and Democracy, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014 for Himalayan Policy Research. In recognition of the activities directly and indirectly supported by NSC, many scholars from North America, South Asia, Europe,
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