NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM (NASA-TU-78262) A PRELI8INABY LOOK AT N80- 18636 AVE-SESAHE 1 CONDUCTED 0U 10-11 APRIL 1979 (8lASA) 52 p HC AO4/HP A01 CSCL 040 Unclas G3/47 47335

A PRELIMINARY LOOK AT AVE-SESAME I CONDUCTED ON -1 1, 1979

By Steven F. Williams, James R. Scoggins, Nicholas Horvath, and Kelly Hill

February 1980

NASA

George C. Mdrrhall Space Flight Center Marshall Space F/@t Center, Alabdrnd

MBFC - Form 3190 (Rev June 1971)

,...... , . YAFrl," I?? CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF FIGURES ...... iv LIST OF TABLES ...... vii 1. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE ...... 1 2. DATA COLLECTGD ...... 1 a. Rawinsonde Soundinps...... 1

b. Surface a* Upper -Air -..+ ...... 4 3. SMOPTIC CONDITIONS ...... 4 a. Synoptic Charts ...... 4 b. Radar...... 5 c. Satellite...... 5

4. SEVERE AND UNUSUAL WkXPIk h. REPORTED ...... 37

PRriCICDINQ PAGE BUNK NOT FKMED

iii

- .%; . ,,. r* , . * *. '' ,..'~ LIST OE' FIGURES

Figure Page

Location of rawinsonde stations participating in the AVE-SESAME I experiment ...... 3 Synoptic charts for 1200 GMT. 10 April 1979 ...... 6 Surface chart for 1800 GMT. 10 April 1979 ...... 9 Synoptic charts for 0000 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 10 Surface chart for 0600 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 13 Synoptic charts for 1200 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 14 Radar sunmxy for 1435 GMT. 10 April 1979 ...... 17 Radar summary for 1935 GMT. 10 ~pril1979 ...... 17 Radar summary for 2235 GMT. 10 April1979 ...... 18 Radar sumnary for 0135 GMT. 11 ~pril1979 ...... 18 Radar summary for 0235 GMT. 11 ~pril1979 ...... 19 Radar sununary for 0435 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 19 Radar summary for 0535 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 20 Radar summary for 0635 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 20 Radar sununary for 0735 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 21 Radar surrrmary for 0835 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 21 Radar summary for 0935 GMT. 11 Awil 1979 ...... 22 Radar summary for 1035 GMT. 11 April 1979 ...... 22 Radar su~naryfor1135GMT.llApril1979 ...... 23

GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 1202 GMT. 10 April 1979 ...... 24 GOES-East infrated satellite imagery for 1301 GMT. 10 April 1979 ...... 24 GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 1401 GMT. 10 April 1979...... 25 1,IPT OF P U>tlWS (Continued)

Page

GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 1501 GMT, 10 eil1979...... m......

GOES-East visual satel:ite imagery for 1601 GMT, 10 April 1979 ...... GOES-East visual sateilite imagery for 1700 GMT, 10 April 1979...... , , , . . . GOES-East visual sat-e'.-i.te imagery for 1801 GMT, 10 Apri11Q79......

GOES-East visual satell.;l.te imagery for 1900 GMT, 1L April 1979 ...... , ......

GOES-East visuai sate!lite imagery for 2000 GMT, 10 Apri11979......

GOES-East visual :.at.*?;:tcx imagery for 2100 GMT, 1:; April 1979 ...... GOES-East visual satcl1it.e imagery for 2200 GMT, 10 April 1979 ......

GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 2300 GMT, 10 April 1979...... GOES-East visual saLellite imagery for 0014 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... GOES-East infrar&- satellite imagery for 0101 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0201 GMT, 11 April 1979...... GOES-East in£rared satellite imagery for 0303 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... GOES-East infrared satcllite hagery for 0401 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... GOES-East infrared satcllitc imagery for 0501 GMT, 11 April 1979...... LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)

Figure

38 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0615 GMT, 11 April1979...... 3 3 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0715 GMT, 11 April 1979...... 33 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0801 GHT, 11 April 1979 ...... 34 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0901 GUT, 11 April 1979...... 34 GOES-Last infrared satellite imagery for 1001 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... 3 5 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 1101 GMT, 11 April 1979 ...... 35 GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 1145 GMTI 11 April 1979...... 36 Severe weather reports that occurred between 1200 GMT 10 April and 1200 GNT 11 April 1979 in the South Central Unitedstates ...... 5 2 Red River Valley outbreak of 10 April 1979 . . . . 53 LIST OP TABLES

Rrrwinsonde stations participating in AVE-SESAME I experiment...... 2 Teletype reports taken from NOAA weathor wire and national wmther summaries of eevetre and unusual weather: ftm 0600 CST Aipil 10 to 0600 CST Apail 11, 1979*.*...... *.*.... 38 Fujita Scale damage specifications ...... 54

vii

i 'I. . * 2- $..-I Technical Memorandum 78262

A PRELIMINARY IDOK AT AVE-SESAME I CONDUCTED* ON APRIL 10-11, 1979

1. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

The objective of the AVE-SESAME I experiment was to gather rawinsonde sounding data at 3-hr intervals for the purpose of investigating atmospheric variability, especially the interaction of severe storms with their environ- ment. Mesosynoptic conditions associated with tornadoes, severe thunder- storms, damaging winds, hail, turbulence, low visibility, and flooding can be studied both spatially and temporally to better understarlcl the formation, developnent, and main~enanceof severe local weather the inter- relationships between convective activity and its environment.

This quick-look report contains information on the general weather conditions during the AVE-SESAME I period, and a summary of severe weather reports assembled from the NOAA weather wire and the national weather summaries. The purpose of this report is to provide to researchers a preliminary look at conditions during the AVE-SESAME I period. Additional information has been presented by Aiberty, et al., (1979).

2. DATA COLLECTED

a. Rawinsonde soundings

Rawinsonde soundings were collected at 23 National Weather Service stations and at 19 special stations. A list of these stations is givzn in

Table 1, and their locations are shown in Fig. 1. The dates and times of scheduled soundings were as follows : -Date Time (GMT) 10 April 1979 12, 15, 18, 21

11 April 1979 00, 03, 06, 09, 12 Tablo 1. r\nwinsondc stations participating in Ai'E-SESNE I axporimcnt .

Station Number Ilocation

NWS Stations

(CKL) Centcr\*ille, Al. (Biz) Bootlrvi.lle, La. (JAN) Jackson, Ms. (LCII) Lake Charles, La. (GGG) Longvicw , Tx. (VCT) Victoria, TIC. (SEP) Stepllc?n\~ille,Tx. (DRT) Del Rio, Tx. (tjAF) Midland, TX, (CLP) El Paso, Tx. (nm) Nashvi 1.1~, Tn . (CITI Littlc Rock, Ar. (UPTN) Monett, No. (OCK) Oklahoma City, Ok. (WA) finarillo, Tx. (MI) Albuqucrque, Nm. (SLO) Salem, 11. ;;LC) Dodge CALy, i:S. (TOP) Topeka, Ks. (DCN) Denver, Co. (PIA) Peoria, 11. ( 02-lA ) Omaha, Me. (W3F) North Plntte, Ne.

Special Stations

(N3I) Abilc~lc, Tx . (BVO) Bartl.csvillc, Ok. (COU) Columbia, 110. ( cns Childrcss, Tx. (CLIL) Collcgc Station, Tx. (CIJK) Concordia, Ks. (Dun) Durant, Ok. (I"S!.I) Fort Smitll, Ar. (GAG Gagc, 0::. ( C LD) Gooc\la~~tl,Ks . (1CT) Wichita, Ks. (JCT) Junction, Tx. ' (t.lLU) Monroe, la. (:.lI:P) Marfa, l'x. (!TI')!) Morton, 'l'x . ( 0ri.1) Ot tu~n!\la, Irl . (rnrq Pcplar I~luff,Mo. (RT.71) Raton, Hln. (Uo:.o Oxford, I.!!; . NH'S Rat~insoudestations Special rawinsonde stat ions

Fig. 1 Location ni r~??insoridnF tntions p3rtj.c ipa tills in the AVE-SESAEE 5 cxpcrimcnt . t A canplete listing of sounding data interpolated to 25+ intarvals ie given by Gerhard et. &., (1979) . b. Surfaca anrd "pper Air

surface and sounding data transmitted over facsimile and teletype are archived routinely at Texas A&M University. These charts and data also are available from the National Climatic Center in Ashevillo, North Carolina.

3. SYNOPTIC CONDITIONS

a. Synoptic C21c-t -.

Surface and upper air charts during the AVE-SESAME I period are presented in Figs. 2-6. Surface charts are presented at 6-hr intervals and upp~air charts at 12-hr intervals. These charts show the general conditions during the experiment and should not be used for other purposes.

,It 1200 c;MT on 10 April 1979, a rapidly deepening low was centered over castern Colorado with a cold front extending southward into west Texas.

At thc same timc, a weak warm front extending from Tcxas through the south- rnstcrn United Stater, ~uslleclnorthwdrd, transporting warm moist air from the culf of rrcxicn to thc! vicinity of thc advancing cold front. As the day proqrenscd, the warm and cold front occludcd in Texa:; and moved northeastward.

Conditions werc favorable for con~cctivcactivity by 0000 GMT on 11 April

1379 with the low-1t:vcl advection of molsturc from thc Gulf, lift of this coist air by thc cold front, and an increase in convcctivc instability. A deep trough of low prcssurc cxtcnding through Bcw blcxico at 500 mb wds responsible for generating a series of short-wave impulses through Tcxas and Oklahoma. The dcvclopmcnt of two pre-frontal squ~lllines to thc east of the advancing cold front, the existence of a dry line in Wcst Tcxas, and the presence of a 50tnot low-level jet all coupled to trigger the outbreak

* 0 of severe weather in north central Texas and 8atht.m Oklahoma. By 1200 GMT

on 11 April 1979, as the warm front advanced northward into the polat air

mas, snow developed over portions of northwest Kansas and Nebraska.

b. -Radar Selected radar swmary charts are presented in Figs. 2-14. Tt~tse

charts show areas of principal convective activity, heights of echoes,

movement vectors, severe weather watch boxes, etc.

c. Satellite

Satellite photographs were taken at 15-min intervals during the

AVE-SESAME I period. These photographs consisted of both infrartad and

visual. Selected satellite photographs for each hour during the period

are presented in Figs. 20-44. t e !a) Surface

(e) 300 mb

(f) 200 mb Fig. 2. Continued, Fig. 3 Surface chart for 1800 W, 10 April 1979. I , .* .I "' ... . . I (a) Surface I (dl 500 mb Fig, 4, Continued. ;f) 200 mb Fig. 4. Continued. Fig. 5. Surface chart for 0600 GMT, 11 April 1979. ORIGINAL PAGE IS (b) 850 mb OF POOR QUALln pig. 6. Sy~opticcharts far 1200 GMT, 11 ~pril1979. 'w--\, 582 576 -.*. (d) 500 mb ,,. ."*- -'h ~ig.6. continued. .'*is

Fig. 7. Radar summay for 1435 GMT, 10 April 1979, Fig. 9. Radar sumnary for 2235 GMT, 10 April 1979.

... Fig. 10. Radar summary for C135 m, 11 April 1979. OR- PA= 1s Of POOR QUALrn Fig. 11. Radar summary for 0235 GMT, 11 April 1979.

Fig. 12. Radar summary for 0435 GMT, 11 April 1979,

19 Fig. 13. -Radar surnmary for 0535 GMT, 11 April 1979.

~ig. 14. Radar swrPary for 0635 CWT. 11 April 1979. m~ipjAL?AGE 18 uAL~ 2 0 OFPOORQ Fig. 16. S~KIUIW~for 0835 GMT, 11 April 1379.

21 '-...I.._ : 110 -9 Fig. 18. mdar pmryfa 1035 GMT, 11 April Fig. 19. Radar summary for 1135 GHT, 11 April 1979. Fig. 20. GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 1202 GMT, 7n 4nril 1979,

Fig, 21. GOES-East infrared satellJ te imagery for 1301 "JMT, 10 April 1979. Fig. 22. GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 140L m, 10 Awil 1979.

Pig. 23. GOES-East visual gatelUte Imagery far 1501 GMT, 10 kpri.1 1979. Fig, 24. GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 1601 MT, 10 .pi1 1979.

Fig. 25. GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 1iUu WL, 10 April 1979. * . f... -?,

Fig. 26, GOES-East visual satellite imagery for: 1801 GMT, 10 April 1979.

Fig. 27. GOES-East visual satellite imagery for l'_lcl~lr3:bl'l', 10 April 1979. ~ig. 28. GOES-Qst visual satellite imagery for 2000 GMT, 10 April 1979, rig. 30. GOES-~ast visual satellite imagery for 2200 WT, 10 April 1979. I Fig. 32. GOES-East visual satellite imagery for 0014 GMT, I 11 April 1979.

Fig. 33. GOES-rast infrared satellite imagery for 0101 GMT, 11 April 1979.

Fig. 36. GOES-=st infrared satellite imagery for 0401 W, -- 11 April 1979, 0501 -1-lhP79 I1E-2ZA 01881 13081- PQ35N95W-1 '-WE* tV r, -' : I

Pig. 35. GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0501 GMT,

OF POOR QUAUtr 32 Fig. 38. GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0615 plr, 11 April 1979.

~ig.39. GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for 0715 C;MT, 11 Apt il 1979.

33

I 1 Fig. w. GOES-East infraxed satellite imagery tor 1001 am, * 11 April 1979.

Fig. 43. GOES-East infrared satellite imagery for ~301GMT, I1 April 1979, w...- A'. - . - L

Fig. 44. GOES-East infrared sateflite imagery fox 1145 GMT, 11 April 1979, 4. SEVERE AND UNUSUAL WATHER REPOKTED

AVE-SESAME I poved to be a strong outbreak period for severe and

unusual weather events. Reports of tornadoes, severe thunderstorms,

strong winds, heavy rain, hail, flooding, duststorrns, and severe weather

watches and warnings were compiled from the NQAA weather wire and national

weather summaries when available and are presented in Table 2. A large

number of these events took place in the South Central , with

reports of over forty tornadoes, hail, severe thunderstorms, and strong winds in the South Central United States during the entire AVE-SESAME I

experiment period. In one 2-hr period (0100-0300 GMT, 11 April 1979),

twelve different tornadoes occurred within a 75 km radius of Wichita Falls,

Texas. his outbreak cf tornadoes in the Red River Valley area was

responsible for 59 deaths and 1029 injuries. The locdtions, paths, times,

and a corresponding damage scale determined by Fujita (used by permission)

are presented in Fig. 46. A description of the Fujita damage scale

specifications is presented in Table 3. TABLE 2. Teletykw reports taktlil film NO&'\ * :her wire and national weather sumaries of severe a:d uti~lsual 'her £ran 0600 CST April 10 to 0600 CST , 1979.

-WENT TIME (CST) GAL RAREP RW & -TRW W & NW OF HOU MWING TOWARD CLL @ 1045 40 MPH

WIND 75 MPH WINDS IN GUADALUPE PASS AREA 1106

LCH RAREP SCATTERED RW IN A 10 MI WIDE AREA, 10 MI NW 1135 CF CONROE TO 20 MI SW OF DAM B RESERVOIR

GAL RAREP ISOLATED TRW MIDWAY BETWEEN CLL AND HUNTSVILLE , 1145 PATCHES OF -R SCATTERED E OF THERE TOWARDS LAKE LIVINGSTON AND A FEW MIUS S OF LAKE RAYBURN. MOVEMENT IS NE.

TWO ++ TRW 30 MI N OF DrlLLAS-FORT WORTH MLYROPLEX p:r ~mp WIDELY SCATTEN3 RW NEAR MIDLAND 1330

LCM RAFGP SCATTEKED SHOWERS IN AN AREA 70 MI WIDE FRDM 1335 LUFKIN TO 20 MI N OF BATON ROUGE

HONDO RAEP -NW IN AREn AND N FCS 35 MI MAX 1335 TOPS 8000 FT

+TRW & ++TRW FROM BETHEL, OK TO N OF DEQUEEN, 1335 AR IN 20 I.11 WIDE AREA MWING NE @ 50 MPH. SCATTERED -R IN SE TX AND CENT.= LA EXTEWING I?ROM LrJFKIN, TX TO ALEYANDRIA, LA XN A 40 MI WIDE AREA MOVING NE @ 35 PIPH. MAX TOP @ DEQUI:I

SVRTRW WARNING NWS-AMARILLO WARNING FOR ARMSTRONG & CARSON COS . 1340 UNTIL 245 PM

RAREP t+TRW 7 MI N OF TULIA, TX ANU NEAR WASHBURN, TX 1340 MOVING NE @ 40 MPH

HAIL GOLFBALL SIZE HAIL IN STORMS NEAR TULIA AM) 1340 WASHRURN, TX

TORNADO WATCH KC, MI> WATCH, #67 FOR W AND N CENTRAL TX AM) SW 1355 OK FROM 2:30 PM UNTIL 7:00 PM. WATCH AREA IS -UONG A LINE FROM 30 MI SW OF ABILENE, TX TO 30 MI NW OF HOBART, OK AND IS 90 MI ON EITHER SIDE OF LINE TABLE 2. CONTINUED.

-EVENT LOCATION TIME (CST) IN EFFECT UNTIL 2:45 PM FQR MCrrLEY CO, TX 1355

LUB RAREP POSSIBLE RADAR INDIC4TED TORNADO SE OF 1355 CROSBMON HAS MOVED NW AND @ 13:38 WAS ABOUT 4 I41 SE OF MATADOR, TX

THW LINE LINE QF TRW IN NE PORTION OF TEXAS S PLAINS 1355

TRW ++TRW OCCURRING FROM APPERMONT TO BUANNAH, TX 1401

AKA RAREP SIR TRW MOVING NE INTO DONLEY CO, TX @ 35 MPH 1425

LCH RAREP SCATTERED RW FROM RAYBURN LAKE TO S OF SHREVE- 1435 PORT, LA TOP'ARD NATCHEZ, MS

GGG RAREP -TRW S QF TYLER TO 10 MI SW OF LONGVIEW MAX TOP 1435 27#000 FT

WINTER STORM NAT'L WX SUMM FOR TONIGHT & WEDNESDAY FOR NW KS 1500 WATCH

TEMP RECORD LOW-ROCKFORD, IL: 19' 1500

TORNADO WARNING NWS-WICHITA FALLS, TX: WARNING FOR WILBARGER CO, 1553 TX UNTIL 5:OQ PM

TORNADO RADAR INDICATED TORNADO 15 MI S QF VERNON , TX 1555 AND MOVING KE @ 25 MPH

TORNADO WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT UNTIL 7:00 PM FOR TX & OK 1620 ALONG AND 90 MI EITHER SIDE OF A LINE FROM 30 MI SW OF ABILENE TO 30 MI NW OF HOBART, OK

TORNADO TORNADO @ 4: 00 PM CAUSED DAMAGE AND INJURIES 1600 IN VERNON AND OKLAUNION, TEXAS

TRW +TRW OCCURRING FRW4 N OF HASKELL TO 15 MI W OF 1620 WICHITA FALLS MOVING NE @ 45 MPH

TORNADO TORNADO VISUALLY OBSERVED TO BE MOVING N ACROSS 1633 THE RED RIVSR INTO OK

TORNADO WARNIM; ISSlJED FOR BAYLOR CO INCLUDING SEYMOUR, TX 1656

TORNADO BAYLOR CO SHE.RIFF REPORTED A TORNADO TOUCH- 1653 DOWN IN SEYMOUR, TX. TORNADO WAS REPORTED TO BE MOVING NE AND TO HAVE RETURNED TO THE CLOUDS TABLE CONTINUED.

-EVENT LOCAT I ON TlME (CST)

SEP RAREP r UA OF ++TRW IN THE SEYMOUR, TX AREA, MOVING 1635 NE AT 45 MPH. PRECIP TOPS TO 58,000 FT W OF SEYMOUR

TORNADO TORMADO SEEN BY A SVR WX SPOTTER 8 ROCKY POINT 1700

WINDS WINDS OF 65 MPH WERE REPORTED IN GUADALUPE PASS 1700 AREA

TORNADO WATCH TORNADO WATCH #68 HAS BEEN ISSUED FOR N CEWI'RAL, 1700 NE TEXAS AND S CENTRAL, SE OKLAHOElA FOR 6:00 FM TO 12:00 AM. THE WATCH AREA IS ALONG AND 70 MI EITHER SIDE OF A LINE 50 MI S OF WICHITA FALLS, TX TO 40 MI E 3F MCALESTER, OK -

SVR TRW WARNING NWS HAS ISSUED A SVR TRW WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1745 7:00 PM FOR WICHITA CO OF TX

WICHITA FALLS SVR TRW SPOITED ON RADAR 5 MI W OF IOWA PARK, TX 1745 RAREP MOVING NE

HAIL GOLF TO BASEBALL SIZE HAIL REPORTED BY SPOTTERS 1750 20 MI SW OF WICHITA FALLS, TX

TORNADO WARNING NWS TORNADO WARNING ISSUED FOR WICHITA CO, TX 1800 AND CITY OF WICHITA FALLS, TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 7:OO PM

WICHITA FALLS A TORNADO WAS INDICATED 10 MI SW OF WICHITA FALLS, 1758 RAREP TX

TORNADO SPWTER REPORTED A TORNADO 5 MI SW OF THE WICHITA 1800 FALLS MEMORIAL STADIUM MOVING NE @ 30 MPH

SEP RAREP ++TRW WAS 25 MI W OF WICHITA FALLS , MOVING NW 1735 @ 45 MPH. TOPS TO 53, 000 FT

TORNADO WARNING NWS WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 7:00 PM FOR CLAY CO, 1811 TX

TORNADO TORNADO IN WICHITA FALLS @ SOUTHWEST PARKWAY AND 1811 HARRISON STREETS MOVING E @ 33 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS WARNING FOR ARCHER CO, TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1720 6:15 PM

TORNADO RADAR INDICATED & BAYLOR CO SHERIFF REPORTED A 1720 TORNADO IN BAYLOR CO, TX NEAR MAYBELLE, MOVING NE @ 30 MPH TABLE 2. CONTINUED.

--EVENT LOCATION TIME (CST)

SVR TRW WARNING NWS WARNING FOR JACKSON, OUACHITA, LINCOLN, 1835 AND UNION PARISHES IN N CENTRAL LA

SVR TRW SVR TRW THAT CAUSE WICHITA FAUS TORNADO HAS 1930 MOVED N TO OK AN@ IS ABOUT 20 MI NE OF WICHITA FALLS. ALSO, A LINE OF TRW IS BEGINNING TO FORM W OF ABILENE

GGG RAREP ++THW WERE OVER FARMEEVILLEI LA AND SE OF THERE 1930 MOVING NE AT 40 MPH

SEP RAREP A LINE OF TRWS HAS DEVELOPED AND EXTENDS FROM 1935 N OF ABILENE TO W OF SAN ANGELO MWING NE @ 45 MPH

GAL RAREP t+TRW WL'R LA BETWEEN CAMERON AND LAKE CHARLES 1940 MOVING NL @ 40 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS HAS ISSIJEO A WARNING FOR STERLING AND COKE 1945 CO OF TEXAS EFFECTIVE UNTIL 3:30 PM

SAN ANGEL0 SVK TRW 8 >I1 ESC OF STERLING CITY, TX, MOVING 1945 IZAREP NE @ 25 PIPH. A LINE OF TRW HAS RAPIDLY DEVELOPI2D DURING PAST HOUR FRaM BIG LAKE TO STERLING CITY TO COLORADO CITY

SVR TIiW WARNING NWS WARNING FOR SW PARISHES IN LA EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1930 8: 30 PPl

LCH RAREP SHORT LINE OF TRW FROM CALCASIEU LAKE: TO KINDEK, 1930 LA MOVING NE @ 55 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS WARNING ISSUED FOR ARCHER & YOUNG CO Oi? TX 20: 45 tZFECTIVE UNTIL 10:OO PM. LINE OF SVR TRW FROM 20 XI Sd O!? ARCHER CITY TO ABILENE WERE MOVING NE 1? 45 MPH

HAIL, RAIN GOLFBALL SIZE HAIL AND HEAVY RAINS WERE REPORTED 2030 BY THE DEPT OF PUBLIC SAFETY IN i3RONTE AND WATER VALlAY, TX

HAIL INCH AND A HWHAIL FSPORTED AT DYESS AFB AND 2050 GOLFBALL SIZE HAIL AT VIEW, TX

LINE OF SVR TRW FROM E OF ALBANY TO NCVICE, TX 2110 MOVING SE @ 30 MPH

TORNADO WARN LNG NWS WARNING FOR COLEMAN & CALLAHAN CO OF TX 2115 FSPECTWE UNTIL 10:30 PM -EVENT LOCAT ION TORNADO DPS UPOllTED A CONFIRMED TORNADO E QF CREWS TX MWING NE @ 40 MPH

SAN ASEL0 INDICATED TORNADO 10 MI WNW CP PAIW ROCK, TX RAREP MOVING E 8 35 MPH

SEP RAREP 35 MI WIDE LINE OF +TRW & ++TRW EXTENDED FRa 35 MI NE CF WICHITA FALLS TO 45 MI SW OF SAN ANGEL0 MWING SE @ 35 MPH

TORNADO WATCH NWS HAS ISSUED WATCH #69 FQR N CENTRAL TX, CENTw. AND E OK EFECTIVE 9:30 PM 3:00 AM. THE WATCH AREA IS ALONG AND 70 MI EITHER SIDE (3F A LINE FRU4 40 MI SE OT ABILENE, TX TO 40 MI E OF TULSA, OK.

DFW RAREP LINE QF SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE LARGE HAIL WAS INDICATED 30 MI E OF WICHITA FALLS TO BALLINGER MOVING E @ 30 MPH

FUNNEL CLOUD FUNNEL SPOlTED ON RUNNELS/CONCHO CO LINE ON HIGHWAY 83

HAIL NUMEROUS HAIL REPORTS IN THE TOM GREEN/RUNNELS CO AREA AS WELL Z!S AT MATHIS FIELD

TORNADOES & NUMEROUS REPORTS OF TORNADOES & FUNNEL CLOUDS FUNNEL CLOUDS HAVE BEEN REPORTED TO AND BY THE DPS IN NW COLEMAN CO, TX AND ALSO INDICATED BY RADAR. THE TORNADOES WERE MOVING NE @ 35 MPH

OK RAREP SVR TRW WER HOIDENVILLE, OK MOVING NE @ 40 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR STEVENS CO & PAL0 PINTO CO, TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 12:30 AM

DFW RAReP POSSIBLE TORNADOES NEAR CADDO, TX AND JUST N Cl? STRAWN, TX MWING E @ 35 MPH

AUS RAREP POSSIBLE TORNADO NEAR BROWNWOOD MWING E @ 35 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS WARNIM; FOR BROWN CO, TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 12:30 AM

ABI RAREP POSSIBLE TORNADO 6 MI SW OF BLANKET, TX MWIK ENE @ 35 MPH TABLE 2. CONTINUED. i

EVENT LOCATION - i TIME (CST) a SVR TRW WARNING NWS WARNING FOR COLEMAN CO, TX UNTIL 12:30 AM 2325

ABI RAREP SVR TRW 10 MI S UF TALPA, TX MOVING ENE @ 35 23 20 MPH

MAF RAREP ++TRW 15 MI SE OF SAN ANGEL0 AM> ANOTHER 30 MI 2330 E OF SAN ANGELO BOTH MWING E @ 35 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR PARKER, HOOD, WISE, & 2345 ERATH CO QF TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1:00 AM

DFW RAREP LINE OF' SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE LARGE HAIL 2345 INDICATED FROM ALVOP!D TO COMANCHE MOVING E @ 35 MPH

SER RAREP TWO 4-+TRW IN PROGRESS. ONE JUST W OF MINERAL 2335 W'ELLS, TX MOVING NE @ 35 MPH, THE OTHER JUST S OF COMANCHE MWING E @ 50 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR PARKER, HAMILTON, AND 2335 MONTAGUE CO OF TX, EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1:00 AM

DEW RAREP SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE TORNADOES @ MINERAL WELLS, TX AND LAMBLEIN, TX

TORNADO OBSERVED ON THE GROUND @ NOCONA MOVING E @ 40 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 10:30 AM FOR BOSNE 0030 AND CORYELL CO, TX

ACT RAREP LINE OF ++TRW FROM 75 MI NW OF WAC0 TO HAMILTON 0020 MOVING E @ 35 MPH

TORNADO WATCH NWS HAS ISSUED WATCH #70 EFFECTIVE 1:00 AM 'JNTIL 0030 7:00 AM ALONG AND EITHER SIDE OF A LINE FROM 10 MI S OF JUNCTION, TX TO TYLER, TX

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 10:30 AM FOR 0030 WISE CO, TX

TORNADO TORNADOES WERE REPORTED IN BRIDGEPORT AND BOWIE 0030 BOTH MWING ENE @ 50 MPH

RAIN RW AND TRW WERE LOCATED IN A 45 MI WIDE AREA FROM . 0045 25 MI NW OF JUNCTION TO BROWNWOOD MOVING E @ 30 MPH. RAINFALL RATES WERE $"/HOUR. MAX TOP WAS 30,000 FT 30 MI N OF JUNCTION -EVENT EATION TIME (CST)

3iTRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR SCMERVELL ANI JOHNSON 0100 COS OF TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 02800

DFW RAREP SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE LARGE HAIL INDICATED 0100 5 MI W OF GLEN ROSE MOVING ENE @ 35 MPH

DFW RAREP POSSIBLE TORNADOES AT MINERAL mLLS AND NEAR 0000 LAMKIN

SEP RAREP TWO ++TRW WERE IN PROGRESS, ONE JUST W OF 0035 BROWNWOOD, THE OTHER N OF MINERAL WELLS, BOTH MOVING NE @ 35 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 02:15 AM 0115 FOR DENTON CO, TX

DFW RAREP POSSIBLE TORNADO 2 MI N OF KRUM MOVING ENE 0115 @ 35 MPH. ALSO, A LINE OF SEVERE TRW EXTENDED FR(m SANGER TO RHOME

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE FOR E LOVE AND W MARSHALL COS OF OK UNTIL 10:45 AM

OKC RAREP POSSIBLE TORNADO INDICATED 10 MI S (X' MARIETTA, OK MOVING ENE @ 40 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR MENARD CO, TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 2:30 AM

SAN ANGEL0 SVR TRW INDICATED 20 MI SW OF MENARD, TX MWING RAREP NE @ 30 MPH

HONDO RAREP A FEW +TRW AND SCATTERED TRW WERE LOCATEE FROM JUST N OF ROCKSPRINGS TO 40 MI NW OF LAMPASSAS. THIS 40 MI WIDE AREA WAS MWING E @ 30 MPH. RAINFALL RATES WERE FROM 1 TO 2 INCHES/HWR. MAX TOP 3S0000 FT, 25 MI NW OF JUNCTION, TX

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING UNTIL 2:25 AM FOR 0145 MARSHALL, W BRYAN, & S JOHNSTON COS QF OK

TORNADO TORNADO REPORTED,BY OK HIGHWAY PATROL NEAR 0145 KINGSTON, OK 1

TORNADO WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR GRAYS0 CO, TX EFFECTIVE 0200 UNTIL 3:OO AM

DFW RAREP SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE TORNADO 20 MI SW OF SHERMAN 0200 MOVING NE @ 35 MPH TABLE 2. CONTIMIEL.

-WENT UXATION TIME (CST) FUNNEL CLOUDS FUNNEL CLOUDS SEEN BY SP(YPTERS IN STOW NEAR 0200 SHERMAN, TX

TORNAD 0 WATCH NWS ISSUED WATCH X71 EFFECTIVE 3: 00 AM UNTIL 0215 9:00 AM FOR NE TX, W & CEN ARt SE OK, & NW LA. WATCH AREA 1s ALONG AND 70 MI EITHER SIDL' OF A LINE FROM 30 MI W QF LONGVIEW, TX TO 70 MI NNW QF LITTLE ROCK, AR 0220 SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 3:30 AM FOR PARKER AND TARRANT CO OF TX DFW RAREP s1'a TRW WITH POSSIBLE LARGE HAIL JUST N OF 0220 CRESSON, TX MOVING NE @ 35 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 3 r30 AM FOR 0220 BROWN CO, TX

ABI RAREP LINE OF TRW INDICATED MOVING IlJTO BROWN CO FROM 0215 THE SW. THE LINE IS MOVIE ENE @ 35 MPH

TORNADO WARNING NWS WARNING ISSUED FOR BRYW AND ATOKA CO OF OK 02 25 EFFECTIVE UNTIL 3:15 AM

OKC RAKEP POSSIBLE TORNADO INDICATED 10 MI SW OF DURANT, 0220 OK

SVR TRW WARNIN3 NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR MILLS CO, TX EFFECTIVE 0235 UNTIL 3:15 AM

AUS RAREP 3VR TRW INDICATED NEAR GOLDTHWAITE MOVING ENE 03101 @ 25 MPH

HONDO RAREP ++TRW WERE LOCATED 15 MI N Of ROCKSPRINGS AND 0235 35 MI NW OF LAKE BUCHANAN. THEIR RAINFALL RkTES WERE UP TO 2"/HR. MOVEMENT TO E @ 25 MPH. MAX TOP 38,000 FT 35 MI NW QF LAKE BUCHANAN

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR HAMILTON & COMANCHE CO 0245 OJ? TX EFFECTIVE UNTIL 3:45 AM

TO 0245 DFW RAREP SVR TRW WITH POSSIBLE HAIL FROM CWANCHE ? NEAR RISING STAR, TX MOVING NE @ 40 MPH

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 4 r 20 AM FOR 03203 BOSQUE CO, TX

HAIL HAIL UP TO GOLFEACL SIZE REPORTED IN THE CITY OF 0305 BROWNWOOD, TX

SVR TRW WARNING NWS ISSUED WARNING FOR SEVIER & HOWARD CO OF AR 0325 EFFECTIVE UNTIL 4x15 AM TIME (CST)

SVR TRW NEAR DEQUEEN, AR MWING Nfi @ 50 MPH. 0325 THIS STORM IS PART OF A LINE 30 MI WIDE FRa W OF MT IDA, AR TO 25 MI W OF TMARKANA TO 25 MI NW OF TYLER, TX MWING E @ 30 MPH

DUSTSTORM WARNING WARNING FORECAST FOR SOUTH PIAINS IN WEST TMAS

DFW RAREP LINE OF SCATTERED TRW FROM BROW, TX TO STEPHENVILLE TO FORT WORTH TO CORSICA& TO MT PLEASANT TO THE RED RIVER. SWOE' THESE STORMS ARE SEVERE WITH POSSIBLE HAIL L HIGH WINDS

HAIL MAFtBLE SIZE HAIL REPORTED NW OF DEWEEN, AR

HAIL BASEBALL SIZE HAIL REPORTED IN DECATUR, TX

SHREVEPORT RAREP +TRW WERE LOCATED N OF DEQUEEN AR TO N C@ MT IDA, AR

FLASH F'LOOD WATCH WATCH IN EFFECT FOR ENTIRE STATE OF AR TODAY

SERVICE A CST

ICING ICING ALOFT OVER N HALE' OF N'4 0840

ICING ICIIJG ALOFT OVER W HALF OF MO 0915

RAREP LINE 30s MIX: TO 40 SW PRX TO 30 NNW MQP OF 1135 SCATTERED EMBEDDED TRW WITH A LEVEL 5 CELL, MAX TOP 50,000

TURBULENCE , UPPER AIR REPORT aF TB MDT AND RIME ICING ICING OVER ABQ

A LINE 30 MI SE MU3 TO 10 MI SW PRX TO 80 MI S UB TO 30 MI S DHT: EMBEDDED TRW WITH AN EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND A FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 48,000 FT

HAIL 1" HAIL REPORTED 40 MI S OF ADM

OKC RAREP HAIL 162'/76 MI, TROPOPAUSE - 39,700 FT

SEP RAREP TROPOPAUSE 40,200 FT

GGG RAREP TROPOPAUSE 39,000 FT

TURBULENCE WER ABI C141 EXPERIENCED MODERATE WRBULENCE

HAIL $" HAILSTONES @ LVS TABLE 2. CONTINUES.

-EVENT TIME (CSTL TURBULENCE TURBULENCE Ct UDDP WER h01 AM) W TX 1305

RAREP 60 MI ESE FSI.1 TO 50 MI WSW LIT TO 40 MI S 1335 LBB TO 30 MI S DIiT - ENBEDDED TRW WITH AN EXTRPiE LEVEL 6 AND SWE UVEL 5 =HOES TOPS TO 40#000 FT

OKC RAREP HAIL 187'/54 MI, TROP @ 39,700 FT

HAIL ;Li" HAIL @ HBR

RAREP LINE 50 MT NE FW TO 40 SW FLP TO 60 MI S CDS TO 50 MI NE DHT WITH AN EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND SOKG LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 53,000 FT

RAREP 40 MI SW HCT '.O 10 MI N WLA TO 50 MI SW AKO WITH LEVEL 5 ECHOES AND TOPS TO 38,000 FT

TURBULENCE OVER GAG MO1)ERATE TO SVR TURB.? TRACE OF ICING AND EXTREmELY +RW

RAREP FROM 30 MI SE SLN TO 30 MI S ARG TO 30 MI NNW ABI WITH EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOPS 58,000 FT. TORNADO WPORTED 21282 FRCN ZONE AKO TO 60 MI W ANY TO 60 MI W G% TO 30 SSE DEN TRW WITH S(mE LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 45#000 IT

SEP RAREP 4" HAIL IN CELL 16'/73 MI 1733

$I* HAIL 6 MI N COS 1719

20 W HYS TO 25 WSW CNG TO 30 W LIT TO 40 NNE ABI 1735 WITH AN EXT-E LEVEL 6 SOME LEVEL 5 =HOES. MAX TOP 58,000 FT. TORNADO REPORTEL) IN SW PRECIP AREA FRO14 ZONE AKO TO 60 MI W ANY TO €0 MI W GAG TO 30 SSE DEN TRW WITH SalE LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 45,000 FT

RAREP FROM 20 MI W HYS TO 40 MI NNW SGP TO 35 MI E MU: 1835 TO 40 MI NNE ABI: AREA OF BROKEN EMBEDDED TRW WITH AN EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 55,000 FT. T3RNADO REPORTm OOOOZ 5 MI S SPS -N ENT LOCAT I ON TIME (CST)

RAREP FROM 50 MI NE AKO TO 20 MI W HYS TO 30 MI SE 1835 GCK TO 50 MI SW AKO: AREA OF SCATTERED LOCAL- LY EMBECDED THW WITH A FEW LEVEL 5 ECIIOdS. MAX TOPS 35,000 ET

HAIL 1/8" HAILSTONES A?' LCH

BLOWING DUST, BLOWING DUST IN AU QUADRANTS, WST TO 40 MPH 1955 WIND AT ELP

FFOM 40 MI WSW LNK TO 70 MI C BUM TO 20 MI SSW 1935 ADM TO 35 MI SW SPS, AKEP OF BROKEN EMBEDDED TRWS WITH SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 50,000 FT

OGG RARFP TROP AT 50,000 kT 1930

SEP RARSP TROP AT 43,000 FT 2001

FROM 50 MI NW 1+NK TO 70 MI E BLM TO 30 MI NW PRX 2035 TO 35 MI SW SPS, AREA 01.' BHOKElJ EMBEDDED TRWS WITH FEW EXTREME LLWL 6 ANL SOME LLVEL 5 ECHOES. MU TOPS 50,000 I.?'

RAREP FROM 60 MI NI.: ABI TO 35 MI W SJT, LIIJE OF BROKEN 203 5 TRWS 20 MI WIDE WITH EXTRiW2 LEVEL 6 AND SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MU TOPS 53,000 IT

NEAR CNG ISOLATED EXTREME LEVEL G TRW 20 MI IN 2035 DIAMETER, MAX TOP 44,000 IT

RAREP 50 MI NW MLU, ISOLATED INTENSE LEVEL 5 TRW 15 MI 2035 IN DIAMM'EII, MAX TOP 45,000 ET

LUST, WIND ELP, DUST ALL QUADWdTS WIND GUSTING TO 36 MPH 2104

HAIL MARBLE SIZE HAILSTOIJES ACCUMIlLATING ON THE GROUND 2105 AT ABI

HAIL 5" HAILSTONES AT AAI mREP FROM 30 MI NE PWC TO 30 MI NNE CBI TO 40 MI SW 2135 SGF TO 20 M1 SW CNU, NGA 01.' BROKEN EM3EDDED THWS, MAX TOPS 40,000 ET

FRW 50 hft NNW FYU TC 50 MI S TUL TO 40 MI kJhl ADM 2135 TC 40 MI 1JE ABI TO 30 MI W SJT, LlNE OF BROKEN TRWS WITH EEW XXTiGME LEVEL 6 AND SOFIE LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 5b,COO FA'. SVR WX IiEPOi

RAREP 40 MI NE C2K; ISOLriTED EXTREtC 1,EVEL 6 TRW OF 2U hI 2135 IXAMETEH, MAX TO:' 44,000 k'l', 3/4" HAIL IEPORTED FROM 50 MI E LXT TO 20 MI W W TO 40 MI NW MU 21JS TO 60 MI 6 TXK, AWA aF SCATTERED TRWS WITH SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOPS 43,000 FT

WST ELP - LUST, ALQDS 2152

IIATT, b" TO 4'' HAILSTONES AT SJT 2155

FL'> R E P FROM 30 MI NE WE TO 42 MI S STL TO 60 MI SSW 2235 ANY, AREA OF BROKEN EMBEDDED TRWS WIT!I SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 40,000 fi

fRC:l 50 MI N FNTO 40 MI SEW BWD TO 20 i4'i S SJT 2235 TO 30 MI SE: HBR, AREA QF BROKEN TRWS WITH A FEW EXTREME LWEL 6 AND SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. M%)b TOPS SO ,000 FT

45 M3. NI.: MOh' EXTREME LEVTL 6 TRW, 15 MI IN 2235 DIAYETER, TOP OF 43,000 kT

I-fA lL 3/8" HAILSTONES AT SJT 2315

5EP RAREP H%K ECHO 34z0/52 MI 2259

RP-!EP FROM 50 MI SSE OMA TO 50 MI SSE t ' TO 50 MI 2335 W SGE, AREA Of SCATTERED EMBEDDED TRWS WITH A FEU LOTEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOPS 44,000 FT

FPOY 30 MI SSW SGF TO 50 MI W ACT TO 20 MI S SJT 2335 TO 30 MZ E MBR, AREA OF BROKEN FXBEDDED TRWS WITH YEW EXTREME "EXEL 6 AM> SWC LEVEL 5 ECHOES. !lAX TOPS 50,000 FT. IJUMEhOUS REPCRTS W SVR WX*

FRQM 40 MI SE FLP TO 50 MI SE MPI TO 30 MI NE K)N 2335 TO '5 MI NW LIT, AREA QI.' SCATTERED EmBEDDED TRWS WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOPS 42,000 fi

3C Mi: SE ICT, ISOLATED EMBEDDED LEVEL 5 TRW, 20 MI 2335 DIAMETER, TOP TO 32,000 FT

SEP R@EP HOOK XHO 33b./70 MI, H HO 232'/75 MIf TROP 2330 <., 42,300 FT

FiU3M 40 HI SE BDF TO 30 MI NW LEU TO CGI TO 30 MI 2335 MJ PAM, AREA OF BROKEN TRWS, MAX TOP 30,000

40 MI YNE JKS, ISOLATED LEVEL 5 TRW 30 MJ IN 2335 Q DWETEQ TOP TO 47,000 kT ,? C TABLE 2. CONTINU=.

LOCATION TIME (CST)

FROM 60 HI SE CNU TO 20 MI W MI4 TO 45 MI ESE 2335 DFW, LINE OE' BROKEN TRWS 25 MI WIDE WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES. TOPS TO 40,000 FT, 2" HAIL, GUSTS TO 65 MPH AND POSSIBLE TORNADOES REPCRTEP

SEP RAREP HOOK ECHO 194'/45 MI 0030

-mRm FROM 40 MI NE IRK TO 40 MI NNE FW TO 30 MI SW 0035 TUL TO 50 MI SE SPS TO 10 MI S SJT, LINE W BROKEN TRWS 40 MI WIDE WITH A FEW EXTiZEME WEL 6 AND LEVEL 5 ECHOES. HAIL TO 2", GUSTS TO 65 KNUPS AND POSSIBLE TORNADOES IN TEXAS AREA

RAREF FROM 70 MI NE ICT TO 20 MI W CNU TO 30 MI E ANY 0035 AREA OF BROKEN TRWS WITH SQME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 36,000 FT

RAREP FROM 30 MI W ARG TO 30 MI WNW TUP TO 30 MI N GRW 0035 TO 50 MI NW LIT, AREA OF SCATTERED TRWS WITH SOME LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOPS 421000 FT

RAREP VICINITY OF MAP ISOLATED LEVEL 5 TRW 30 MI 0035 DIW!ER, TOP TO 44,000 FT

RAREP FROM 20 MI N FW TO 40 MI SSW FSM TO 40 MI SE ADM 0235 TO 30 MI N DLE, LINE QF BROKEN TRWS 30 MI WIDE WITH FEW EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND SCME LEVEL 5 ECHOES. MAX TOPS 55,000 FT. HAIL TO 2", GUSTS TO 65 KTS, POSSIBLE TORNADOES IN TX-OK =ION

RAREP FROM BDF TO 40 MI NE DEC TO 30 MI S STL TO 15 MI 0235 NW UINf AREA OF BROKEN TRWS, MAX TOP 40,000 FT

RAREP FRaM 20 MI W MAP TO 30 MI NE DYR TO 40 MI N TUP 0235 TO 40 MI SW FLP, AREA OF BROKEN TRWS WITH FEW EXTREME LEVEL 6 AND LEV= 5 ECHOES MAX TOPS 42,000 FT

RAREP FROM 30 MI NE FYV TO 40 MI S FSM TO 60 MI W GGG, 0335 LINE 3F BROKEN TRWS 30 MI WIDE WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOP 46,000 FT, HAIL TO 2", GUSTS TO 65 KTS, POSSIBLE,TORNADOES

RAREP FROM BDF TO 40 MI NE DEC TO 15 MI E STL TO BRL, 0335 ARE'' OF BROKEN TRWS, MAX TOP 30,000 FT

RAREP 30 MI WNW JKS LEVEL 5 TRW 30 MI IN DIAMETER1 0335 TOP TO 47,000 FT CONCLUDED.

-EVENT TIHE (CST) FuuP PRtSi 50 MI SW OB# 10 40 MI E TKO TO 20 HI 0335 NNW HIC, AREA Q SCA- EMBHlDED TRWS, TOPS 31 #OOO

30 NE HU: TO 30 MI W UZ, LINE OF BROKEN TRWS 25 MI WIDE WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES, TOPS TO 45,000 FT, HAIL TO 2", POSSIBLE TORNADOES

SEP RAREP HAIL INDICATED 97'/43 MI 0406

RWP FROM 30 MI W ELP TO 45 MI SE FSM TO 45 MI SW 0435 GGG, LINE OF BROKEN TRWS 30 MI WIDE WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES, MAX TOP 46,000 FT. HAIL TO 2" GUSTS TO 65 MPH8 POSSIBLE TORNADOES

RAREP 20 MI NW JKS ISOLATED LEVEL 5 TRW 30 MI DIAMEXER 0435 TOP TO 43,000 FT

RAREP 40 HI NE TUL TO 35 MI S MIC TO 30 MI SE BW, 0435 LINE OF BROlCEN TRWS 25 MI WIDE WITH FEW LEVEL 5 ECHOES, TOPS TO 57#000 ET', HAIL TO 2"r POSSIBLE TORNADOES 0 ESF

JCT

oLCH- d

I r :IOilNADOCS SPO.1 TCD BY CHOUND OBSt HVERS 1 P : TORNADOES IDENTIFIED SOLELY BY RADAR OBSEHVATIONS 0: HAIL RCPOHTS WITH DIAMETER IN INCHES b-: S'I IIONG 1 I4UNDERS FORM SUHFACE WIND : SEVERE THUNDERSTORM IDENTIFIED SOLELY RY RADAR -. - -- Fig. 45. Severe weather reports that occurred between 1200 GMT 10 April ad 1200 GMT 11 April 1973 in the South Central United States. - idopp-c.d by FUJiTA 3 WAKIMOTO 1 re '. .. .NORMAN Tt7E UN:'JEP~I~YSF !8=sed on dolo os of Moy 79) Red River Valley lornodo Ouib~eck 5. uamM- • .mu: 9 Mgpping for "SESAME", 1979 of APRIL 10, 19?9 A '4r I I !<(I Name ond Storm Type Length F, P, P K~I\/lnjure_d_c5edon wrvey-bl , ANAOLRKO . cMlOcAY(A .r ,hO .. - I. Crawell Tornado 23m1 2.3.2 0 I UofC, NSSL - 2 Vernon Tornado 39 4.4.3 10 70 UofC. NASA.NSSL - B8 ML~ sm- - 3 Holl~slerTornado 8 2.2.1 0 0 'JolC,N3SL I 4 Foron Tornado 7 1.2.1 0 2 UofC.NSSL 5 Lowton Tornado 4 3.2.2 3 100 UofC.NASA.NSSL '.UI i 6 Gr~ndf~cldTornado 64 2.4.5 1 5 UdfC , *a 7 C:or'ow Tw~Downburst 18 t, 3.6 0 0 U o'C ',g5 z~m~~v.m,,,,,Lu €? Purccllfwestof~High'Nind 8 0.2.5 0 O UofC CLW* 01. ouw WIYI d . - mwvufr

nra an 0. 2,fW ae-.at photo8 rt.*LLL 0-

#ALTERS

14111111 . m.mwam myl S mrra

*30-.

Fig. 46, ~edXver Val. .y torzarto o'~tbx3~k~f 10 April 1379, - -. Table 3. Fujita Scale dunage specifications.* --. Fujita Windspeed Damage Remarks Scale (wh)

0 40-72 LIGHT Some damage to chimneys and TV anten- nae? breaks twigs off trees; pushes over shallow rooted trees.

1 73-112 MODERATE Peels surface off roofs; windows broken? light trailer houses pushed or wer- turned; sane trees uprooted or snapped; moving automobiles pushed off the road.

Roofs torn off frame houses leaving strong upright walls; weak buildings in rural areas demolished; trailer houses destroyed; large trees snapped or up- rooted; railroad boxcars pushed over; light object missiles generated; cars blown off highway.

3 158-206 SEVERE Roofs and some walls torn off frame houses; sane rural buildings completely demolished; trains overturned; steel- framed hangar warehouse structures torn; cars lifted off ground; most trees in a forest uprooted, snapped, or leveled.

4 207-260 DEVASTATING Whole frame houses leveled, leaving piles of debris; steel structures badly damaged; trees debarked by small flying debris; cars and trains thrown some distances or rolled considerable distances; large missiles generated.

5 261-318 INCREDIBLE Whole frame houses tossed off founda- tions; steel-reinf orced concrete structures badly damaged; autanobile- sized missiles generated; incredible phenomena can occur.

Should a tornado with the maximum wind speed in excess of scale 6 occur, the extent and types of damage may not be conceived. A cumber of missiles such as iceboxes, water heaters, storage tanks, automobiles, etc. will create serious secondary damage on structures.

*From Fu jita (1971) Alberty, R. L., D. W. Burgess, C. E. Hane, and J. F. Weaver, 1979: SESAME 1979 Operations Summary. U. S. Department of CcXmerce, Boulder, 253 pp.

Fujita, T. T., 1971: Proposed Characterization of Tornadoes and Hurricanes by Area and Intensity. SMRP Research Paper No. 91, University of Chicago, 42 pp.

Gerhard, M. L., H. E. Fuelberg, S. F. Williams, and R. E. Turner, 1979: AVE-SESAME I: 256Sounding Data. NASA reprt in publication. APPROVAL

A PRELIMINARY LOOK AT AVE-SESAME I CONDUCTED ON APRIL 10-11, 1979

By Steven F. Williams, James R. Scoggins, Nicholas Horvath, and Kelly Hill

The information in this report has been reviewed for technical con- tent. ~eviewof any information concerning Department of Defense or nuclear energy activities or programs has been made by the MSFC Security Classification Officer. This report, in its entirety, has been determined to be unclassified.

Chief, Environmental Applications Branch

WILLIAM K. VAUGHAN Chief, Atmospheric Sciences ~ivMion

&dl22CHARLES A. LUNDQUIST Director, Space ~cienceBLaboratory