Whipworm Trichuris Vulpis
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Gastrointestinal Helminthic Parasites of Habituated Wild Chimpanzees
Aus dem Institut für Parasitologie und Tropenveterinärmedizin des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Gastrointestinal helminthic parasites of habituated wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Taï NP, Côte d’Ivoire − including characterization of cultured helminth developmental stages using genetic markers Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Sonja Metzger Tierärztin aus München Berlin 2014 Journal-Nr.: 3727 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek Erster Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Zweiter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Heribert Hofer Dritter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Achim Gruber Deskriptoren (nach CAB-Thesaurus): chimpanzees, helminths, host parasite relationships, fecal examination, characterization, developmental stages, ribosomal RNA, mitochondrial DNA Tag der Promotion: 10.06.2015 Contents I INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 I.1 Background 1- 3 I.2 Study objectives 4 II LITERATURE OVERVIEW --------------------------------------- 5- 37 II.1 Taï National Park 5- 7 II.1.1 Location and climate 5- 6 II.1.2 Vegetation and fauna 6 II.1.3 Human pressure and impact on the park 7 II.2 Chimpanzees 7- 12 II.2.1 Status 7 II.2.2 Group sizes and composition 7- 9 II.2.3 Territories and ranging behavior 9 II.2.4 Diet and hunting behavior 9- 10 II.2.5 Contact with humans 10 II.2.6 -
This Is an Open Access Document Downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's Institutional Repository
This is an Open Access document downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's institutional repository: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/117055/ This is the author’s version of a work that was submitted to / accepted for publication. Citation for final published version: Jorge, F., White, R.S.A. and Paterson, Rachel A. 2018. Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish. Journal of Helminthology 92 (3) , pp. 379-386. 10.1017/S0022149X17000530 file Publishers page: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X17000530 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X17000530> Please note: Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite this paper. This version is being made available in accordance with publisher policies. See http://orca.cf.ac.uk/policies.html for usage policies. Copyright and moral rights for publications made available in ORCA are retained by the copyright holders. Title: Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish Authors: Fátima Jorge1, Richard S. A. White2 and Rachel A. Paterson1,3 Addresses: 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; 3School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom Running headline: Capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand mudfish Corresponding author: Fátima Jorge Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] 1 Abstract The extent of New Zealand’s freshwater fish-parasite diversity has yet to be fully revealed, with host-parasite relationships still to be described from nearly half the known fish community. -
Redalyc.NEW HOST RECORDS and GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF
Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Robles, María del Rosario; Navone, Graciela T. NEW HOST RECORDS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES OF Trichuris (NEMATODA: TRICHURIIDAE) IN RODENTS FROM ARGENTINA WITH AN UPDATED SUMMARY OF RECORDS FROM AMERICA Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 21, núm. 1, 2014, pp. 67-78 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45731230008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 21(1):67-78, Mendoza, 2014 Copyright ©SAREM, 2014 Versión impresa ISSN 0327-9383 http://www.sarem.org.ar Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 Artículo NEW HOST RECORDS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES OF Trichuris (NEMATODA: TRICHURIIDAE) IN RODENTS FROM ARGENTINA WITH AN UPDATED SUMMARY OF RECORDS FROM AMERICA María del Rosario Robles and Graciela T. Navone Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT-CONICET La Plata) (UNLP), Calle 2 # 584, (1900) La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina [correspondence: María del Rosario Robles <[email protected]>]. ABSTRACT. Species of Trichuris have a cosmopolitan distribution and parasitize a broad range of mammalian hosts. Although, the prevalence and intensity of this genus depends on many factors, the life cycles and char- acteristics of the environment have been the main aspect used to explain their geographical distribution. In this paper, we provide new host and geographical records for the species of Trichuris from Sigmodontinae rodents in Argentina. -
Worms, Nematoda
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 2001 Worms, Nematoda Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Gardner, Scott Lyell, "Worms, Nematoda" (2001). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 78. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/78 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Volume 5 (2001): 843-862. Copyright 2001, Academic Press. Used by permission. Worms, Nematoda Scott L. Gardner University of Nebraska, Lincoln I. What Is a Nematode? Diversity in Morphology pods (see epidermis), and various other inverte- II. The Ubiquitous Nature of Nematodes brates. III. Diversity of Habitats and Distribution stichosome A longitudinal series of cells (sticho- IV. How Do Nematodes Affect the Biosphere? cytes) that form the anterior esophageal glands Tri- V. How Many Species of Nemata? churis. VI. Molecular Diversity in the Nemata VII. Relationships to Other Animal Groups stoma The buccal cavity, just posterior to the oval VIII. Future Knowledge of Nematodes opening or mouth; usually includes the anterior end of the esophagus (pharynx). GLOSSARY pseudocoelom A body cavity not lined with a me- anhydrobiosis A state of dormancy in various in- sodermal epithelium. -
"Structure, Function and Evolution of the Nematode Genome"
Structure, Function and Advanced article Evolution of The Article Contents . Introduction Nematode Genome . Main Text Online posting date: 15th February 2013 Christian Ro¨delsperger, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany Adrian Streit, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany Ralf J Sommer, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany In the past few years, an increasing number of draft gen- numerous variations. In some instances, multiple alter- ome sequences of multiple free-living and parasitic native forms for particular developmental stages exist, nematodes have been published. Although nematode most notably dauer juveniles, an alternative third juvenile genomes vary in size within an order of magnitude, com- stage capable of surviving long periods of starvation and other adverse conditions. Some or all stages can be para- pared with mammalian genomes, they are all very small. sitic (Anderson, 2000; Community; Eckert et al., 2005; Nevertheless, nematodes possess only marginally fewer Riddle et al., 1997). The minimal generation times and the genes than mammals do. Nematode genomes are very life expectancies vary greatly among nematodes and range compact and therefore form a highly attractive system for from a few days to several years. comparative studies of genome structure and evolution. Among the nematodes, numerous parasites of plants and Strikingly, approximately one-third of the genes in every animals, including man are of great medical and economic sequenced nematode genome has no recognisable importance (Lee, 2002). From phylogenetic analyses, it can homologues outside their genus. One observes high rates be concluded that parasitic life styles evolved at least seven of gene losses and gains, among them numerous examples times independently within the nematodes (four times with of gene acquisition by horizontal gene transfer. -
Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis of Trichinella Spiralis
Paper No. : 08 Biology of Parasitism Module : 26 Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis of Trichinella Development Team Principal Investigator: Prof. Neeta Sehgal Head, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi Paper Coordinator: Dr. Pawan Malhotra ICGEB, New Delhi Content Writer: Dr. Rita Rath Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi Content Reviewer: Prof. Virender Kumar Bhasin Department of Zoology, University of Delhi 1 Biology of Parasitism ZOOLOGY Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis of Trichinella Description of Module Subject Name ZOOLOGY Paper Name Biology of Parasitism- ZOOL OO8 Module Name/Title Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis of Trichinella Module Id 26; Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis Keywords Trichinosis, pork worm, encysted larva, striated muscle , intestinal parasite Contents 1. Learning Outcomes 2. History 3. Geographical Distribution 4. Habit and Habitat 5. Morphology 5.1. Adult 5.2. Larva 6. Life Cycle 7. Pathogenicity 7.1. Diagnosis 7.2. Treatment 7.3. Prophylaxis 8. Phylogenetic Position 9. Genomics 10. Proteomics 11. Summary 2 Biology of Parasitism ZOOLOGY Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenicity and Prophylaxis of Trichinella 1. Learning Outcomes This unit will help to: Understand the medical importance of Trichinella spiralis. Identify the male and female worm from its morphological characteristics. Explain the importance of hosts in the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis. Diagnose the symptoms of the disease caused by the parasite. Understand the genomics and proteomics of the parasite to be able to design more accurate diagnostic, preventive, curative measures. Suggest various methods for the prevention and control of the parasite. Trichinella spiralis (Pork worm) Classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Adenophorea Order: Trichocephalida Superfamily: Trichinelloidea Genus: Trichinella Species: spiralis 2. -
New Capillariid Nematode Parasitizing New Zealand Brown Mudfish Authors
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Online Research @ Cardiff Title: Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish Authors: Fátima Jorge1, Richard S. A. White2 and Rachel A. Paterson1,3 Addresses: 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; 3School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom Running headline: Capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand mudfish Corresponding author: Fátima Jorge Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] 1 Abstract The extent of New Zealand’s freshwater fish-parasite diversity has yet to be fully revealed, with host-parasite relationships still to be described from nearly half the known fish community. Whilst advancements in the number of fish species examined and parasite taxa described are being made; some parasite groups, such as nematodes, remain poorly understood. In the present study we combined morphological and molecular analyses to characterize a capillariid nematode found infecting the swim bladder of the brown mudfish Neochanna apoda, an endemic New Zealand fish from peat-swamp-forests. Morphologically, the studied nematodes are distinct from other Capillariinae taxa by the features of the male posterior end, namely the shape of the bursa lobes, and shape of spicule distal end. Male specimens were classified in three different types according to differences in shape of the bursa lobes at the posterior end, but only one was successfully molecularly characterized. -
Parasite Findings in Archeological Remains: a Paleogeographic View 20
Part III - Parasite Findings in Archeological Remains: a paleogeographic view 20. The Findings in South America Luiz Fernando Ferreira Léa Camillo-Coura Martín H. Fugassa Marcelo Luiz Carvalho Gonçalves Luciana Sianto Adauto Araújo SciELO Books / SciELO Livros / SciELO Libros FERREIRA, L.F., et al. The Findings in South America. In: FERREIRA, L.F., REINHARD, K.J., and ARAÚJO, A., ed. Foundations of Paleoparasitology [online]. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FIOCRUZ, 2014, pp. 307-339. ISBN: 978-85-7541-598-6. Available from: doi: 10.7476/9788575415986.0022. Also available in ePUB from: http://books.scielo.org/id/zngnn/epub/ferreira-9788575415986.epub. All the contents of this work, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Todo o conteúdo deste trabalho, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribição 4.0. Todo el contenido de esta obra, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento 4.0. The Findings in South America 305 The Findings in South America 20 The Findings in South America Luiz Fernando Ferreira • Léa Camillo-Coura • Martín H. Fugassa Marcelo Luiz Carvalho Gonçalves • Luciana Sianto • Adauto Araújo n South America, paleoparasitology first developed with studies in Brazil, consolidating this new science that Ireconstructs past events in the parasite-host relationship. Many studies on parasites in South American archaeological material were conducted on human mummies from the Andes (Ferreira, Araújo & Confalonieri, 1988). However, interest also emerged in parasites of animals, with studies of coprolites found in archaeological layers as a key source of ancient climatic data (Araújo, Ferreira & Confalonieri, 1982). -
Gastrointestinal Parasites of Maned Wolf
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.20013 Original Article Gastrointestinal parasites of maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger 1815) in a suburban area in southeastern Brazil Massara, RL.a*, Paschoal, AMO.a and Chiarello, AG.b aPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre – ECMVS, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil bDepartamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: November 7, 2013 – Accepted: January 21, 2014 – Distributed: August 31, 2015 (With 3 figures) Abstract We examined 42 maned wolf scats in an unprotected and disturbed area of Cerrado in southeastern Brazil. We identified six helminth endoparasite taxa, being Phylum Acantocephala and Family Trichuridae the most prevalent. The high prevalence of the Family Ancylostomatidae indicates a possible transmission via domestic dogs, which are abundant in the study area. Nevertheless, our results indicate that the endoparasite species found are not different from those observed in protected or least disturbed areas, suggesting a high resilience of maned wolf and their parasites to human impacts, or a common scenario of disease transmission from domestic dogs to wild canid whether in protected or unprotected areas of southeastern Brazil. Keywords: Chrysocyon brachyurus, impacted area, parasites, scat analysis. Parasitas gastrointestinais de lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger 1815) em uma área suburbana no sudeste do Brasil Resumo Foram examinadas 42 fezes de lobo-guará em uma área desprotegida e perturbada do Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil. -
The Transcriptome of Trichuris Suis – First Molecular Insights Into a Parasite with Curative Properties for Key Immune Diseases of Humans
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ResearchOnline at James Cook University The Transcriptome of Trichuris suis – First Molecular Insights into a Parasite with Curative Properties for Key Immune Diseases of Humans Cinzia Cantacessi1*, Neil D. Young1, Peter Nejsum2, Aaron R. Jex1, Bronwyn E. Campbell1, Ross S. Hall1, Stig M. Thamsborg2, Jean-Pierre Scheerlinck1,3, Robin B. Gasser1* 1 Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 2 Departments of Veterinary Disease Biology and Basic Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark, 3 Centre for Animal Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia Abstract Background: Iatrogenic infection of humans with Trichuris suis (a parasitic nematode of swine) is being evaluated or promoted as a biological, curative treatment of immune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis, in humans. Although it is understood that short-term T. suis infectioninpeoplewithsuchdiseases usually induces a modified Th2-immune response, nothing is known about the molecules in the parasite that induce this response. Methodology/Principal Findings: As a first step toward filling the gaps in our knowledge of the molecular biology of T. suis, we characterised the transcriptome of the adult stage of this nematode employing next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic techniques. A total of ,65,000,000 reads were generated and assembled into -
Faculdade De Medicina Veterinária
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária THE FIRST EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF CARDIOPULMONARY AND GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN CATS AND DOGS FROM THE ALGARVE REGION OF PORTUGAL USING THE FLOTAC TECHNIQUE SINCLAIR PATRICK OWEN CONSTITUIÇÃO DO JURÍ ORIENTADOR Doutor José Augusto Farraia e Silva Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho Meireles Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho CO-ORIENTADOR Mestre Telmo Renato Landeiro Raposo Dr. Dário Jorge Costa Santinha Pina Nunes 2017 LISBOA UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária THE FIRST EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF CARDIOPULMONARY AND GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN CATS AND DOGS FROM THE ALGARVE REGION OF PORTUGAL USING THE FLOTAC TECHNIQUE SINCLAIR PATRICK OWEN DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA CONSTITUIÇÃO DO JURÍ ORIENTADOR Doutor José Augusto Farraia e Silva Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho Meireles CO-ORIENTADOR Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho Dr. Dário Jorge Costa Santinha Mestre Telmo Renato Landeiro Raposo Pina Nunes 2017 LISBOA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation and the research project that underpins it would not have been possible without the support, advice and encouragement of many people to whom I am extremely grateful. First and foremost, a big thank you to my supervisor Professor Doctor Luis Manuel Madeira de Carvalho, a true gentleman, for his unwavering support and for sharing his extensive knowledge with me. Without his excellent scientific guidance and British humour this journey wouldn’t have been the same. I would like to thank my co-supervisor Dr. Dário Jorge Costa Santinha, for welcoming me into his Hospital and for everything he taught me. -
Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis Is Caused by Various Species of Trichuris, Nematode Parasites Also Known As Whipworms
Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis is caused by various species of Trichuris, nematode parasites also known as whipworms. Whipworms are common in the intestinal tracts of mammals, Trichocephaliasis, although their prevalence may be low in some host species or regions. Infections are Trichocephalosis, often asymptomatic; however, some individuals develop diarrhea, and more serious Whipworm Infestation effects, including dysentery, intestinal bleeding and anemia, are possible if the worm burden is high or the individual is particularly susceptible. T. trichiura is the species of whipworm normally found in humans. A few clinical cases have been attributed to Last Updated: January 2019 T. vulpis, a whipworm of canids, and T. suis, which normally infects pigs. While such zoonotic infections are generally thought uncommon, recent surveys found T. suis or T. vulpis eggs in a significant number of human fecal samples in some countries. T. suis is also being investigated in human clinical trials as a therapeutic agent for various autoimmune and allergic diseases. The rationale for its use is the correlation between an increased incidence of these conditions and reduced levels of exposure to parasites among people in developed countries. There is relatively little information about cross-species transmission of Trichuris spp. in animals. However, the eggs of T. trichiura have been detected in the feces of some pigs, dogs and cats in tropical areas with poor sanitation, raising the possibility of reverse zoonoses. One double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated T. vulpis for therapeutic use in dogs with atopic dermatitis, but no significant effects were found. Etiology Trichuriasis is caused by members of the genus Trichuris, nematode parasites in the family Trichuridae.