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ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 Credits
ANTH 396-003 1 Andean Prehistory Summer 2017 Syllabus ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 credits) – Summer 2017 Meeting Place and Time: Robinson Hall A, Room A410, Tuesdays, 4:30 – 7:10 PM Instructor: Dr. Haagen Klaus Office: Robinson Hall B Room 437A E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: (703) 993-6568 Office Hours: T,R: 1:15- 3PM, or by appointment Web: http://soan.gmu.edu/people/hklaus - Required Textbook: Quilter, Jeffrey (2014). The Ancient Central Andes. Routledge: New York. - Other readings available on Blackboard as PDFs. COURSE OBJECTIVES AND CONTENTS This seminar offers an updated synthesis of the development, achievements, and the material, organizational and ideological features of pre-Hispanic cultures of the Andean region of western South America. Together, they constituted one of the most remarkable series of civilizations of the pre-industrial world. Secondary objectives involve: appreciation of (a) the potential and limitations of the singular Andean environment and how human inhabitants creatively coped with them, (b) economic and political dynamism in the ancient Andes (namely, the coast of Peru, the Cuzco highlands, and the Titicaca Basin), (c) the short and long-term impacts of the Spanish conquest and how they relate to modern-day western South America, and (d) factors and conditions that have affected the nature, priorities, and accomplishments of scientific Andean archaeology. The temporal coverage of the course span some 14,000 years of pre-Hispanic cultural developments, from the earliest hunter-gatherers to the Spanish conquest. The primary spatial coverage of the course roughly coincides with the western half (coast and highlands) of the modern nation of Peru – with special coverage and focus on the north coast of Peru. -
Ultimate Peru: Lima, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca
9 Days/8 Nights Departs Daily from Lima Ultimate Peru: Lima, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca Fascinating Peru – rich in culture, history, and natural beauty – is a country that has so much to offer. Consider this program a good introduction to Peru. It covers Lima, the Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca – all a must-see for any first-time visitor. If you have more time, we highly recommend extending your stay – add an extension to a jungle lodge; see the Nazca Lines; there is much more to see in this country of many contrasts. ACCOMMODATIONS •2 Nights Lima •1 Night Machu Picchu •2 Nights Cuzco •1 Night Sacred Valley with Dinner •2 Nights Puno INCLUSIONS •All Ground Transfers with •Pisac Market & Ollantaytambo •Cuzco City Tour and Ruins Vistadome Train to Machu Ruins Tour with Lunch •Uros and Taquile Islands Tour Picchu & Bus Ticket to Puno •2 Entrances to Machu Picchu & •Daily Breakfast •Lima City Tour 1 Guided Tour with Lunch ARRIVE LIMA: Begin your journey in Lima, Peru’s coastal capital city founded by the Spaniard Pizarro in 1535. Lima, with its historic buildings and museums, offers visitors an introduction to the colonial history of Peru. Airport greeting and transfer to Miraflores (suburb of Lima) to your selected hotel in the Miraflores neighborhood. (Accommodations, Lima) LIMA: After breakfast, you will be picked up for a city tour of Lima. The three-hour sightseeing tour offers the best of modern and colonial Lima. It includes visits to the Government Palace, The Plaza Mayor, City Hall, and the 17th-century San Francisco Monastery, followed by a drive through the modern neighborhood of San Isidro, with a stop at the pre-Inca pyramid of Huaca Huallamarca. -
Viracocha 1 Viracocha
ווירָאקוצֱ'ה http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=37&ved=0COYCEBYwJA&url=http %3A%2F%2Fxa.yimg.com%2Fkq%2Fgroups%2F35127479%2F1278251593%2Fname%2F14_Ollantaytam bo_South_Peru.ppsx&ei=TZQaVK- 1HpavyASW14IY&usg=AFQjCNEHlXgmJslFl2wTClYsRMKzECmYCQ&sig2=rgfzPgv5EqG-IYhL5ZNvDA ויראקוצ'ה http://klasky-csupo.livejournal.com/354414.html https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99 ווירקוצ'ה فيراكوتشا http://www.startimes.com/?t=20560975 Viracocha 1 Viracocha Viracocha Great creator god in Inca mythology Offspring (according to some legends) Inti, Killa, Pachamama This article is about the Andean deity. For other uses, see Wiraqucha (disambiguation). Viracocha is the great creator god in the pre-Inca and Inca mythology in the Andes region of South America. Full name and some spelling alternatives are Wiracocha, Apu Qun Tiqsi Wiraqutra, and Con-Tici (also spelled Kon-Tiki) Viracocha. Viracocha was one of the most important deities in the Inca pantheon and seen as the creator of all things, or the substance from which all things are created, and intimately associated with the sea.[1] Viracocha created the universe, sun, moon, and stars, time (by commanding the sun to move over the sky) and civilization itself. Viracocha was worshipped as god of the sun and of storms. He was represented as wearing the sun for a crown, with thunderbolts in his hands, and tears descending from his eyes as rain. Cosmogony according to Spanish accounts According to a myth recorded by Juan de Betanzos,[2] Viracocha rose from Lake Titicaca (or sometimes the cave of Paqariq Tampu) during the time of darkness to bring forth light. -
Machu Picchu & the Sacred Valley
Machu Picchu & The Sacred Valley — Lima, Cusco, Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley of the Incas — TOUR DETAILS Machu Picchu & Highlights The Sacred Valley • Machu Picchu • Sacred Valley of the Incas • Price: $1,995 USD • Vistadome Train Ride, Andes Mountains • Discounts: • Ollantaytambo • 5% - Returning Volant Customer • Saqsaywaman • Duration: 9 days • Tambomachay • Date: Feb. 19-27, 2018 • Ruins of Moray • Difficulty: Easy • Urumbamba River • Aguas Calientes • Temple of the Sun and Qorikancha Inclusions • Cusco, 16th century Spanish Culture • All internal flights (while on tour) • Lima, Historic Old Town • All scheduled accommodations (2-3 star) • All scheduled meals Exclusions • Transportation throughout tour • International airfare (to and from Lima, Peru) • Airport transfers • Entrance fees to museums and other attractions • Machu Picchu entrance fee not listed in inclusions • Vistadome Train Ride, Peru Rail • Personal items: Laundry, shopping, etc. • Personal guide ITINERARY Machu Picchu & The Sacred Valley - 9 Days / 8 Nights Itinerary - DAY ACTIVITY LOCATION - MEALS Lima, Peru • Arrive: Jorge Chavez International Airport (LIM), Lima, Peru 1 • Transfer to hotel • Miraflores and Pacific coast Dinner Lima, Peru • Tour Lima’s Historic District 2 • San Francisco Monastery & Catacombs, Plaza Mayor, Lima Cathedral, Government Palace Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner Ollyantaytambo, Sacred Valley • Morning flight to Cusco, The Sacred Valley of the Incas 3 • Inca ruins: Saqsaywaman, Rodadero, Puca Pucara, Tambomachay, Pisac • Overnight: Ollantaytambo, Sacred -
Qhapaq Ñan (Chemin Principal Andin) Au Qollasuyu Paysage, Morphologie Et Patrimoine Linéaire 2 Remerciements
ANNÉE ACADÉMIQUE 2011-2012 DENIS PIRON FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES APPLIQUÉES TRAVAIL DE FIN D’ÉTUDES RÉALISÉ EN VUE DE L’OBTENTION DU GRADE DE MASTER INGÉNIEUR CIVIL EN ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITÉ DE LIÈGE QHAPAQ ÑAN (CHEMIN PRINCIPAL ANDIN) AU QOLLASUYU PAYSAGE, MORPHOLOGIE ET PATRIMOINE LINÉAIRE 2 REMERCIEMENTS La réalisation de ce travail, qui s’inscrit dans le cadre de la coopération au développement, a nécessité un voyage de trois mois dans la région de Cusco, au Pérou. Le voyage réalisé dans le cadre du présent travail a été rendu possible grâce à l’intervention financière du Conseil interuniversitaire de la Communauté française de Belgique - Commission universitaire pour le Développement - Rue de Namur, 72-74, 1000 Bruxelles - www.cud.be. Je remercie tout d’abord mon promoteur, monsieur Jacques Teller, pour m’avoir proposé un sujet si original et passionnant, pour m’avoir permis d’aller m’ouvrir l’esprit dans un pays aussi magnifique que dépaysant. Je suis également reconnaissant envers les autres membres de mon jury, messieurs Pierre Paquet, Jean-Claude Cornesse et Jean Stillemans qui ont bien voulu s’intéresser à mon travail. Je remercie aussi Marta Vilela Malpartida pour son accueil à Lima ; Sonia Martina Herrera Delgado pour le support qu’elle m’a apporté à Cusco ; tout particulièrement le South American Explorer’s Club grâce à qui j’ai pu loger et nouer des contacts à Cusco ; Elisabeth Schumaker, Elise Neola May, Paolo Greer ; sans oublier les péruviens de Cusco et des campagnes pour leur gentillesse et leur sociabilité. Merci à ma famille pour m’avoir toujours encouragé à me lancer dans les projets les plus fous, et particulièrement ma soeur Julie qui m’a apporté de ses compétences géographiques, ainsi que ma grand-mère pour m’avoir relu et conseillé dans la rédaction. -
PROJECT REPORT MACHU PICCHU SANCTUARY VOLUNTEER TRIP November 2-11, 2016
PROJECT REPORT MACHU PICCHU SANCTUARY VOLUNTEER TRIP November 2-11, 2016 Figure 1. November 2016 ConservationVIP Volunteers on terraces overlooking the Urubamba River Executive Summary Conservation Volunteers International Program (ConservationVIP) organized and led a volunteer trip to the Historical Sanctuary of Machu Picchu in November 2016, in collaboration with Peru’s Ministry of Culture, and the Ministry of Environment (National Service for Protected Area Management, SERNANP). The project was authorized by Doctor Vidal Pino Zambrano, Director de la Direccion Desconcentrada de Cultura Cusco - Ministry of Culture, and by engineer José Carlos Nieto Navarrete, Jefe of the Historical Sanctuary of Machu Picchu for SERNANP. The projects were discussed with anthropologist José Fernando Astete Victoria, Jefe del Parque Arqueológico Nacional de Machupicchu. Twenty volunteers, including the two trip leaders, John Hollinrake and Dr. Bill Sapp, ConservationVIP Board Members, and el Licenciado Santiago Carrasco Bellota, performed 500 hours of volunteer work related to the following projects: Machu Picchu November 2016 Volunteer Trip Report Page 2 1. On Sunday, November 6, 2017, volunteers cleared Melinis minutiflora, known colloquially as pasto gordura, from 1.35 kilometers of Inca Trail between the Guard House and the Sun Gate, from 0.16 kilometers of the 50-steps portion of the Inca Trail between Wiñay Wayna and the Sun Gate, and from an approximately 1 meter buffer on either side of the trail. Total area cleared of approximately 5,205 square meters. One group of volunteers dug 35 holes for planting native trees along the trail. 2. On Monday, November 7, 2017, one group of volunteers cleared Melinis minutiflora from 750 sq. -
SACRED VALLEY SINGLETRACK | MULTI-DAY TOUR Details & Pricing 3 DAYS | TRAIL RATING – DIFFICULT |630 – 895 USD Per Rider
SACRED VALLEY SINGLETRACK | MULTI-DAY TOUR Details & Pricing 3 DAYS | TRAIL RATING – DIFFICULT |630 – 895 USD per rider HIGHLIGHTS_ DAY 1 Best of Lamay DAY 2 Huchuy Qosqo Inca DAY 3 Patacancha Enduro ✓ Start a ride at 14,375 ft Lamay is one of the sleepiest Fort Pack your pedaling legs. A flowy and often rocky Enduro ✓ 22,600 ft of descents towns in the Sacred Valley, yet Today’s ride features a 2,000 ft racecourse that descends from ✓ 57 miles of singletrack home to the rowdiest rides in climb to our summit! Ride to an the heights of the Patacancha ✓ Ancient 800-year-old trails all of South America! Shuttle immense fortress with the best Valley to the Inca town of ✓ Peru’s world-class food and ride 3 unreal singletracks views of The Sacred Valley. Ollantaytambo. Please brake and culture and finish the day in the guinea Enjoy barbecue and brews back for alpacas! Finish the day at ✓ Good times with a fun- pig capitol of the world! (Night: at the lodge. (Night: The Sacred our favorite local brewery. loving team of guides The Sacred Valley) Valley) (Night: Lodging Not Included) ✓ Charming lodging in The Dist: 26.0 mi 1,120 ft Dist: 13.5 mi 3,812 ft Dist: 17.8 mi 1,168 ft Sacred Valley 9,830 ft Max: 13,985 ft 6,719 ft Max: 14,160 ft 6,042 ft Max. 14,375 ft www.perubiking.com WHAT’S INCLUDED PRICING ✓ 2017 YT CAPRA AL Enduro Mountain Bike Rental All Multi-Day Rides are organized in private groups to assure ✓ Helmet, Knee & Elbow Pads, and Gloves the best experience for riders. -
Brightsparktravel.Com SAMPLE ITINERARY ®
INSPIRING STUDENT TRAVEL ® PERU Journey to the land of the Incas. Savor world-famous cuisine while exploring the capital city of Lima, Cusco and the Sacred Valley, the salt mines at Maras, and the iconic Machu Picchu. You might even get a llama to pose for a photo! Why Brightspark? Quality, Custom Tours Our programs are designed for you, by you. From STEM-based Safety And Security DC tours to performance trips to some of our country’s top music We regularly conduct strict audits of our vendors, ensuring they cities, we have a destination for every budget and every passion. act in accordance with safety, security, and quality standards. Industry Experience Our Tour Directors With over 50 years of experience providing custom tours, You deserve the best, so we only use experienced and Brightspark is a leader in student travel. enthusiastic Tour Directors who are experts on their destinations. Travel Protection & Incident Coverage With our 24/7 emergency hotline and comprehensive travel insurance options, we’ve got you covered at home and abroad. brightsparktravel.com SAMPLE ITINERARY ® PERU Day 1: Board your flight to Perú. Day 5: Ollantaytambo • Meet your Tour Director at Jorge Chávez International Airport. • Embark upon a guided tour of Ollantaytambo, an Andean • Board your private motor coach and settle into your hotel. village in the Sacred Valley and the gateway to the Antisuyo, the Amazon section of the Inca Empire. The town retains its original Day 2: Lima Inca street layout. Visit the ruins of the fortress, one of the only • Meet your guide for a walking tour of the Peruvian capital. -
Pscde3 - the Four Sides of the Inca Empire
CUSCO LAMBAYEQUE Email: [email protected] Av. Manco Cápac 515 – Wanchaq Ca. M. M. Izaga 740 Of. 207 - Chiclayo www.chaskiventura.com T: 51+ 84 233952 T: 51 +74 221282 PSCDE3 - THE FOUR SIDES OF THE INCA EMPIRE SUMMARY DURATION AND SEASON 15 Days/ 14 Nights LOCATION Department of Arequipa, Puno, Cusco, Raqchi community ATRACTIONS Tourism: Archaeological, Ethno tourism, Gastronomic and landscapes. ATRACTIVOS Archaeological and Historical complexes: Machu Picchu, Tipón, Pisac, Pikillaqta, Ollantaytambo, Moray, Maras, Chinchero, Saqsayhuaman, Catedral, Qoricancha, Cusco city, Inca and pre-Inca archaeological complexes, Temple of Wiracocha, Arequipa and Puno. Living culture: traditional weaving techniques and weaving in the Communities of Chinchero, Sibayo, , Raqchi, Uros Museum: in Lima, Arequipa, Cusco. Natural areas: of Titicaca, highlands, Colca canyon, local fauna and flora. TYPE OF SERVICE Private GUIDE – TOUR LEADER English, French, or Spanish. Its presence is important because it allows to incorporate your journey in the thematic offered, getting closer to the economic, institutional, and historic culture and the ecosystems of the circuit for a better understanding. RESUME This circuit offers to get closer to the Andean culture and to understand its world view, its focus, its technologies, its mixture with the Hispanic culture, and the fact that it remains present in Indigenous Communities today. In this way, by bus, small boat, plane or walking, we will visit Archaeological and Historical Complexes, Communities, Museums & Natural Environments that will enable us to know the heart of the Inca Empire - the last heir of the Andean independent culture and predecessor of the mixed world of nowadays. CUSCO LAMBAYEQUE Email: [email protected] Av. -
Plan Copesco
GOBIERNO REGIONAL CUSCO PROYECTO ESPECIAL REGIONAL PLAN COPESCO PROYECTO ESPECIAL REGIONAL PLAN COPESCO PLAN ESTRATEGICO INSTITUCIONAL 2007 -2011. CUSCO – PERÚ SETIEMBRE 2007 1 GOBIERNO REGIONAL CUSCO PROYECTO ESPECIAL REGIONAL PLAN COPESCO INTRODUCCION En la década de 1960, a solicitud del Gobierno Peruano el PNUD envió misiones para la evaluación de las potencialidades del País en materia de desarrollo sustentable, resultado del cual se priorizó el valor turístico del Eje Cusco Puno para iniciar las acciones de un desarrollo sostenido de inversiones. Sobre la base de los informes Técnicos Vrioni y Rish formulados por la UNESCO y BIRF en los años 1965 y 1968 COPESCO dentro de una perspectiva de desarrollo integral implementa inicialmente sus acciones en la zona del Sur Este Peruano sobre el Eje Machupicchu Cusco Puno Desaguadero. Los años que represente el trabajo regional del Plan COPESCO han permitido el desarrollo de esta actividad. Una de las experiencias constituye el Plan de Desarrollo Turístico de la Región Inka 1995-2005, elaborado por el Plan Copesco por encargo del Gobierno Regional, instrumento de gestión que ha permitido el desarrollo de la actividad turística en la última década, su política también estuvo orientado al desarrollo turístico por circuitos turísticos identificados, El Plan Estratégico Nacional de Turismo- PENTUR 2005-2015, considera que el turismo es la segunda actividad generadora de divisas, y su vez es la actividad prioritaria del Gobierno para el periodo 2005. Este Plan Estratégico se circunscribe en las funciones y lineamientos del MINCETUR, Plan Estratégico de Desarrollo Regional Concertado. CUSCO AL 2012, los Planes Estratégicos Provinciales y específicamente en las funciones y objetivos del PER Plan COPESCO, unidad ejecutora del Gobierno Regional Cusco: las que se pueden traducir en la finalidad de ampliar y diversificar la oferta turística en el contexto Regional. -
Valle SAGRADO + Maras
Valle SAGRADO + Maras We pick you up from Proyecto Peru school between 6:40 a.m. to 7:00 a.m., and we'll start our tour to the Sacred Valley and Moray in Cusco from Peru. With this full day tour, you will have the great chance to visit the Sacred Valley in its entirety, starting with the beautiful colonial Inca town of Chinchero (3762 m) and enjoy the beautiful view of the Inca and Colonial legacies that are still standing in this town. In addition, you can appreciate the artistic textile in the hands of the people dedicated to this activity. It has a spectacular view that would surprise anyone, leaving you very interesting memories. Then we go to the archaeological complex of Moray, located in the district of Maras (3300 m), in this place you can appreciate the most impressive and unique Inca agricultural laboratory: here it is where the Incas were able to experience the different geographical altitudes for agricultural use in just one place. The history of this place in Maras Moray is breathtaking and the view is epic. Also, we will visit the salt mines, a beautiful place where we find a set of approximately 3000 wells that residents use and benefit from them; You will not regret the beautiful view that awaits you at this place. Remember to take photos of Moray! Our next stop will be Urubamba (2871 masl) where we will enjoy a delicious buffet lunch at our restaurant "Illary" and we will get ready to continue our tour. Then we go to the Inca town of Ollantaytambo (2792 masl), called "Inca Living City" for being the only city in Cusco which is still inhabited; in addition to being surprised by the striking beauty of the archaeological complex you will be impressed with the extraordinary Inca urban planning that is still standing and inhabited by the present population, the streets of Ollantaytambo will make you fall in love. -
Who We Are? - MACHUPICCHU TERRA S.R.L
Who We Are? - MACHUPICCHU TERRA S.R.L INCA TRAIL MACHU PICCHU is a brand MACHUPICCHU TERRA, Travel Agency and Tour Operator authorized to sell Inca Trail Machu Picchu. Our company is located in Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire and the Tourist Capital of South America. We created this web site considering that availability for the Inca Trail Machu Picchu is quickly exhausted; since it is limited to only 500 people per day (including support staff porters, chefs, guides, etc.) making it extremely necessary booking several months in advance; at least 6 months in advance. MACHU PICCHU TERRA, feels proud to provide superior service to all our customers, and we manage all services necessary to operate and organize all the packages offered, cars, minibuses, equipment, office-qualified staff, specialized assistants and guides professionals. Whether you are looking for a trip to Peru that includes a hike to Machu Picchu or just a relaxing family vacation, it is our mission to MACHUPICCHU TERRA work with you to create your trip to Peru. We welcome all types of customers with special travel interests, economic and Premium. Our ex cellent service always searches at any time and satisfy all customers throughout Peru. All MACHUPICCHU TERRA packages have been prepared by our travel consultants with experience and knowledge, our company MACHUPICCHU TERRA is based on 4 different categories of hotels: Basic Class, based on 2 stars hotels. Premium Class, based on 4 stars hotels. Economy Class, based on 3 stars hotels. VIPs Class, based on 5 stars hotels. Legitimacy of Inca Trail Machu Picchu MACHU PICCHU TERRA is an Authorized Agency by the Ministry of Culture, the assigned code is: MA0473, responsible and efficient company willing to provide the best service.