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Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina 2016
Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina 2016 Revised February 24, 2017 Compiled by Laura Gadd Robinson, Botanist John T. Finnegan, Information Systems Manager North Carolina Natural Heritage Program N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources Raleigh, NC 27699-1651 www.ncnhp.org C ur Alleghany rit Ashe Northampton Gates C uc Surry am k Stokes P d Rockingham Caswell Person Vance Warren a e P s n Hertford e qu Chowan r Granville q ot ui a Mountains Watauga Halifax m nk an Wilkes Yadkin s Mitchell Avery Forsyth Orange Guilford Franklin Bertie Alamance Durham Nash Yancey Alexander Madison Caldwell Davie Edgecombe Washington Tyrrell Iredell Martin Dare Burke Davidson Wake McDowell Randolph Chatham Wilson Buncombe Catawba Rowan Beaufort Haywood Pitt Swain Hyde Lee Lincoln Greene Rutherford Johnston Graham Henderson Jackson Cabarrus Montgomery Harnett Cleveland Wayne Polk Gaston Stanly Cherokee Macon Transylvania Lenoir Mecklenburg Moore Clay Pamlico Hoke Union d Cumberland Jones Anson on Sampson hm Duplin ic Craven Piedmont R nd tla Onslow Carteret co S Robeson Bladen Pender Sandhills Columbus New Hanover Tidewater Coastal Plain Brunswick THE COUNTIES AND PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES OF NORTH CAROLINA Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina 2016 Compiled by Laura Gadd Robinson, Botanist John T. Finnegan, Information Systems Manager North Carolina Natural Heritage Program N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources Raleigh, NC 27699-1651 www.ncnhp.org This list is dynamic and is revised frequently as new data become available. New species are added to the list, and others are dropped from the list as appropriate. -
"National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment. -
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus. -
Chinquapin the Newsletter of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Society
chinquapin The Newsletter of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Society Volume 16, No. 4 Winter 2008 Happy Holidays from SABS Red spruce “hunkering down” for winter in the Great Smoky Mountains Photo by Scott Ranger 2 Chinquapin 16 (4) The Newsletter of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Society SABS Officers & Editors Conley K. McMullen, President Department of Biology, MSC 7801 Field Notes by Scott Ranger James Madison University Harrisonburg, VA 22807 3) Do weather conditions control flowering? (540) 568-3805 · fax (540) 568-3333 Three-birds Orchid Update I made a careful comparison of weather [email protected] conditions in 2007 (very hot with 14 days Howard S. Neufeld, Past President With another season of observing this > 90°F and 5 >100°F and dry with ~20% of Department of Biology ephemeral orchid at Pickett’s Mill Battlefield normal rainfall) and 2008 (nearly normal). 572 Rivers Street State Historic Site, I’ve come up with some The same flowering pattern occurred both Appalachian State University observations and questions. The photograph years. It seems weather, at least in these two Boone, NC 28608 below is illustrative for both. If anyone has years, didn’t have an effect on flowering. We (828) 262-2683 · fax (828) 262-2127 any answers, I’d love to hear them. counted a total of 460 stems in 2008, up [email protected] 61.5% from 2007. Weather probably had Charles N. Horn, Treasurer Observations: something to do with this. Biology Department • Even the smallest stems (>2 mm diameter 2100 College Street and >3 cm tall) have at least one well- 4) Is synchronicity overemphasized? I think Newberry College developed flower bud. -
Fair Use of This PDF File of Herbaceous
Fair Use of this PDF file of Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES-93 By Leonard P. Perry Published by NRAES, July 1998 This PDF file is for viewing only. If a paper copy is needed, we encourage you to purchase a copy as described below. Be aware that practices, recommendations, and economic data may have changed since this book was published. Text can be copied. The book, authors, and NRAES should be acknowledged. Here is a sample acknowledgement: ----From Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES- 93, by Leonard P. Perry, and published by NRAES (1998).---- No use of the PDF should diminish the marketability of the printed version. This PDF should not be used to make copies of the book for sale or distribution. If you have questions about fair use of this PDF, contact NRAES. Purchasing the Book You can purchase printed copies on NRAES’ secure web site, www.nraes.org, or by calling (607) 255-7654. Quantity discounts are available. NRAES PO Box 4557 Ithaca, NY 14852-4557 Phone: (607) 255-7654 Fax: (607) 254-8770 Email: [email protected] Web: www.nraes.org More information on NRAES is included at the end of this PDF. Acknowledgments This publication is an update and expansion of the 1987 Cornell Guidelines on Perennial Production. Informa- tion in chapter 3 was adapted from a presentation given in March 1996 by John Bartok, professor emeritus of agricultural engineering at the University of Connecticut, at the Connecticut Perennials Shortcourse, and from articles in the Connecticut Greenhouse Newsletter, a publication put out by the Department of Plant Science at the University of Connecticut. -
Vascular Flora and Vegetation Classification of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain Limestone Forest Association of Central Georgia
VASCULAR FLORA AND VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN LIMESTONE FOREST ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL GEORGIA by PATRICK SUMNER LYNCH (Under the Direction of J.L. Hamrick) ABSTRACT The South Atlantic Coastal Plain Limestone forest is a globally imperiled (G2) forest association known only from the upper Coastal Plain of central Georgia. These calcareous forest communities support diverse floristic assemblages unique among the Georgia Coastal Plain, but have not been subject to detailed floristic study. I conducted a comprehensive floristic inventory, multivariate community analyses and floristic quality assessments to document composition, elucidate community structure and underlying physiographic regimes, and assess habitat integrity for seven sites in Houston, Bleckley and Twiggs counties. Community analyses revealed twelve community types within two floristically defined domains corresponding to uplands and slopes, and bottomlands, respectively, and governed largely by moisture content and degree of inclination. Floristic quality assessments revealed varying degrees of floristic quality and habitat integrity corresponding primarily to local physiography and disturbance history. Floristic inventory recovered 339 vascular plant taxa representing 218 genera in 98 families, including 17 rare Georgia species. INDEX WORDS: Limestone forest, community analysis, floristic inventory, floristic quality assessment, Georgia, Coastal Plain. VASCULAR FLORA AND VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN LIMESTONE FOREST ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL GEORGIA by PATRICK SUMNER LYNCH B.S., The University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 2006 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE ATHENS, GEORGIA 2010 © 2012 Patrick Sumner Lynch All Rights Reserved VASCULAR FLORA AND VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN LIMESTONE FOREST ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL GEORGIA by PATRICK SUMNER LYNCH Major Professor: J.L. -
The American Mayapple and Its Potential for Podophyllotoxin Production*
Reprinted from: Trends in new crops and new uses. 2002. J. Janick and A. Whipkey (eds.). ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA. The American Mayapple and its Potential for Podophyllotoxin Production* Rita M. Moraes, Hemant Lata, Ebru Bedir, Muhammad Maqbool, and Kent Cushman INTRODUCTION Podophyllotoxin is the starting material for the semi-synthesis of the anti-cancer drugs etoposide, teniposide and etopophos. These compounds have been used for the treatment of lung and testicular cancers as well as certain leukemias. It is also the precursor to a new derivative CPH 82 that is being tested for rheumatoid arthritis in Europe, and it is the precursor to other derivatives used for the treatment of psoriasis and malaria. Several podophyllotoxin preparations are on the market for dermatological use to treat genital warts. Since the total synthesis of podophyllotoxin is an expensive process, availability of the compound from natural re- newable resources is an important issue for pharmaceutical companies that manufacture these drugs. Currently, the commercial source of podophyllotoxin is the rhizomes and roots of Podophyllum emodi Wall. (syn. P. hexandrum Royle), Berberidaceae, an endangered species from the Himalayas. In recent stud- ies, we concluded that the leaf blades of the North American mayapple (P. peltatum L.) may serve as an alter- native source of podophyllotoxin production. Since leaves are renewable organs that store lignans as glucopyranosides, podophyllotoxin can be obtained by conversion of podophyllotoxin 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside into the aglycone using our buffer extraction procedure. This extraction procedure of P. peltatum leaves yields podophyllotoxin in amounts similar to the ethanol extraction of P. -
Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders
REVIEW published: 21 August 2018 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00557 Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders Maria A. Neag 1, Andrei Mocan 2*, Javier Echeverría 3, Raluca M. Pop 1, Corina I. Bocsan 1, Gianina Cri¸san 2 and Anca D. Buzoianu 1 1 Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 3 Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile Edited by: Berberine-containing plants have been traditionally used in different parts of the world for Anna Karolina Kiss, the treatment of inflammatory disorders, skin diseases, wound healing, reducing fevers, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland affections of eyes, treatment of tumors, digestive and respiratory diseases, and microbial Reviewed by: Pinarosa Avato, pathologies. The physico-chemical properties of berberine contribute to the high diversity Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo of extraction and detection methods. Considering its particularities this review describes Moro, Italy various methods mentioned in the literature so far with reference to the most important Sylwia Zielinska, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland factors influencing berberine extraction. Further, the common separation and detection *Correspondence: methods like thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and Andrei Mocan mass spectrometry are discussed in order to give a complex overview of the existing [email protected] methods. Additionally, many clinical and experimental studies suggest that berberine Specialty section: has several pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidative, This article was submitted to cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. -
A List of the Ferns of Mahoning County with Special Reference to Mill Creek Park
86 The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. X, No. 4, A LIST OF THE FERNS OF MAHONING COUNTY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MILL CREEK PARK. EARNEST W. VICKERS. Lying toward the north-eastern corner of the state and belonging to a group known as the Highland Counties of Ohio, Mahoning presents variations of soil and surface which find natural expression in its flora. The erosions of the Mahoning River which flows up the west side of the County and again down across the north-east corner, as well as numerous smaller streams have left steep banks, glens, ledges and cliffs and in the case of Mill Creek—which gives the park its name—at Lautermain Falls, near Youngstown, a gorge has been cut seventy-three feet in depth. It is in these places that the rock loving ferns find congenial habitat. There are rich wet woods—remnants of noble forests— where the sylvan groups are well represented; while swamps of greater or less area are scattered over the county where ferns of the marsh or bog flourish. In its remarkably varied character in such small compass, Mill Creek Park represents the whole county so faithfully that the botanist may expect, and without disappointment, to find therein almost a complete living index to the fern flora of Mahoning County. The ferns listed below have been verified by Prof. J. H. Schaffner and are represented by specimens deposited in the State Herbarium at Columbus, Ohio. Polypodium vulgare L. Common Polypody. Commonest on rocks and ledges, its natural home, but also found on stumps and logs. -
Reproductive Biology of the Rare Plant, Dysosma Pleiantha (Berberidaceae): Breeding System, Pollination and Implications for Conservation
Pak. J. Bot ., 47(3): 951-957, 2015. REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE RARE PLANT, DYSOSMA PLEIANTHA (BERBERIDACEAE): BREEDING SYSTEM, POLLINATION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION XI GONG 1, BI-CAI GUAN 2, *, SHI-LIANG ZHOU 3 AND GANG GE 2 1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Food engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China 2Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. 3State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China. *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected], Tel.: +86 0791 83969530) Abstract Dysosma pleiantha is an endangered and endemic species in China. We have reported the flowering phenology, breeding system and pollinator activity of the species distributed in Tianmu Mountain (Zhejiang Province) nature reserves. Flowering occurred during the months of early April to late May, with the peak in the middle of the April, and was synchronous across all four subpopulations. The anthesis of an intact inflorescence lasted from sixteen to twenty-three days with eight to eleven days blossom of an individual flower. In D. pleiantha , the morphological development of flowers and fruit leading to the development of mature seeds takes place over a period 3–5 months from flowering. The average of pollen-ovule ratio (P/O) was 18 898.7. The pollen transfer in this species was mainly performed by flies, Hydrotaea chalcogaster (Muscidae). Controlled pollination experiments indicated D. pleiantha was obligate xenogamyous and self- incompatible, and pollination was pollinator-dependent. Controlled pollination experiments showed that the mean fruit set (%) under the natural condition (17.1%) was markedly lower than that of manual cross-pollination (75.6%). -
Early Diverging Eudicots
1/31/20 Berberidaceae - barberry family • widespread in temperate regions of Northern hemisphere - ArctoTertiary relict distribution • 3 native genera to Wisconsin + Berberis • small shrubs (Berberis) or herbs (rest of family). CA 3+3 CO 3+3 A 12-18 G 1 [monocarpic] Early Berberis thunbergii Diverging Japanese barberry Eudicots 1 2 Berberidaceae - barberry family Berberidaceae - barberry family Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry • Puccinia graminis Fruits = berry Berberis vulgaris Berberis vulgaris Common barberry Common barberry • alternate host of the stem rust of wheat • alternate host of the stem rust of wheat • programs to irradicate plant in midwest • programs to irradicate plant in midwest 3 4 1 1/31/20 Berberidaceae - barberry family Berberidaceae - barberry family Caulophyllum thalictroides - Blue cohosh Jeffersonia diphylla - twinleaf • leaves 3X compound • Special concern species in Wisconsin. One species in • developing ovules break ovary wall so are Eastern North America and one species in Eastern Asia. naked seeds with fleshy blue seed coats • medicinally important for North American • Only member of the family that is 4-merous rather than 3- native Americans merous 5 6 Berberidaceae - barberry family Berberidaceae - barberry family Forms large colonies of deeply lobed, May-apple and other members of the peltate leaves whose umbrella like family are attacked by the same family aspect is emphasized as they emerge of rusts - Pucciniaceae. from the ground, slits in anthers Podophyllum peltatum Podophyllum peltatum May-apple -
Lake Talquin State Park Unit Management Plan November 2019 Draft
Lake Talquin State Park Unit Management Plan November 2019 Draft INTRODUCTION Purpose and Significance of the Park ................................................ 1 Purpose and Scope of the Plan ......................................................... 1 Resource Management Component ......................................... 2 Land Use Component ............................................................ 2 Secondary Uses Consideration ................................................ 7 Contract Services .................................................................. 7 Management Program Overview ...................................................... 7 Management Authority and Responsibility ................................ 7 General Park Management Goals ............................................ 8 Management Coordination ..................................................... 8 Public Participation ................................................................ 9 Other Designations ............................................................... 9 PAST ACOMPLISHMENTS AND FUTURE OBJECTIVES Past Accomplishments .................................................................... 11 Park Administration and Operations ........................................ 11 Resource Management .......................................................... 11 Recreation and Visitor Services ............................................... 11 Park Facilities ....................................................................... 11 Future Objectives ..........................................................................