DOCSLIB.ORG

" |Cy Scenarios !O 2 -EUROPA

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
irncrgy Day i n " |cy Scenarios !o 2|H £nergf||iprspektive do ili CRQIIA: worf^:mcil SVIM -EUROPA- CONSEIL MONDIAL DE L'EHERGIE Izdavač: Hrvatsko energetsko društvo Zagreb, Savska cesta 163 Priredili: dr.sc. Goran Granić i dr.sc. Branka Jelavić Glavna i odgovorna urednica: dr.sc. Branka Jelavić Pomoćnici glavnog urednika: Daniel Golja, dipl.ing. Dino Novosel, dipl. ing. Grafički dizajn naslovnice i priprema za tisak: Martina Komerički, dipl.ing. Lektura: Prof. Anita Filipović Engleska lektura i prijevodi: Davorka Zmijarević Tisak: Naklada: AZP- Grafis-Samobor, Franjina 7 350 primjeraka Copyright: Hrvatsko energetsko društvo Za navode u člancima odgovorni su autori! Savska cesta 163, Zagreb CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji NACIONALNA I SVEUČILIŠNA KNJIŽNICA - DEMO BAZA UDK 620.9(063) FORUM Dan energije u Hrvatskoj (15 ; 2006 ; Zagreb) Energetske perspektive do 2050. : svijet - Europa - Hrvatska : zbornik radova /15. forum Dan energije u Hrvatskoj, Zagreb, 24. studeni 2006.; <priredili Goran Granić i Branka Jelavić ; <prijevod Davorka Zmijarević>. - Zagreb : Hrvatsko energetsko društvo, 2006. Tekst na hrv. ili engl. jeziku. - Bibliografija uz većinu radova. - Summaries. ISBN 953-7096-04-1 I. Energetika - Zbornik Energetske perspektive do 2050, 15. FORUM: DAN ENERGIJE U HRVATSKOJ ENERGETSKE PERSPEKTIVE DO 2050. GODINE 15th FORUM: ENERGY DAY IN CROATIA ENERGY POLICY SCENARIOS TO 2050 Kazalo / Contents Predgovor / Foreword 5 Referati / Papers 9 1. Goran Granić: Što se ostvarilo, a što su novi izazovi u energetskoj strategiji Hrvatske /Achievements and Challenges of the Croatian Energy Strategy 11 2. Ed Weeda: Svjetski energetski scenariji do 2050. godine - Europa / World Energy Scenarios to 2050: the Europe Region 43 3. Edgard Gnansounou: Monitoring ranjivosti energetske opskrbe / Monitoring the Vulnerability of Energy Supply 61 4. Tomislav Dragičević: Sigurnost opskrbe ugljikovodicima i razlike u pristupu definiciji pojma / Security of Supply of Hydrocarbonates and Differences in Approach to the Issue Definition 77 5. Norbert Wohlgemuth: Energetska sigurnost i obnovljiva energija u nerazvijenim zemljama / Energy Security and Renewable Energy in Least Developed Countries 85 6. Thor Henning Gulbrandsen: Energetsko planiranje - sredstvo održivog energetskog razvoja / Energy Planning - a Tool for Sustainable Energy Development 97 7. Zdenko Tonković: Nove tehnologije u prijenosu električne energije / New Technologies in Electricity Transmission 105 8. Stjepan Car, Mihajlo Firak, Bakir Đonlagić: Primjena vodika u elektroenergetici / Use of Hydrogen in the Power Sector 111 9. Juraj Kurek, Eduard Vivoda: Energetska iskaznica - certifikat energetske učinkovitosti u zgradarstvu kao značajna potpora smanjenju intenziteta potrošnje energije u RH do 2050. godine / Energy Certificate - Energy Performance Certificate for Buildings as a Significant Support to Reducing Consumption Intensity in Croatia by 2050 125 10. Natko Urli: Kako je jedan od najperspektivnijih izvora električne energije 21. stoljeća ostao nepoznat u Hrvatskoj / Why one of the Most Promising Sources of Electricity for the 21st Century Remains Unknown in Croatia 139 1 15. FORUM - DAN ENERGIJE U HRVATSKOJ 11. Ljubomir Miščević: Energetska učinkovitost u graditeljstvu kao temeljni preduvjet ostvarivosti dugoročnih energetskih strategija, zaštite okoliša i održivosti / Energy Efficiency in Construction as a Basic Prerequisite for Long- Term Energy Strategies, Environmental Protection and Sustainability 149 12. Marijan Kalea: Nekonvencionalni izvori energije i Strategija energetskog razvitka Hrvatske / Non-Conventional Energy Sources and Energy Development Strategy of Croatia 161 13. Vladimir Potočnik: Hrvatska energetska politika u funkciji regionalnog razvoja i zapošljavanja / Croatian Energy Policy as Function of Regional Development and Employment 173 I Energetske perspektive do 2050. PREDGOVOR U proteklih četrnaest godina Hrvatsko energetsko društvo je redovito, jedanput godišnje, organiziralo energetski forum, odnosno Dan energije u Hrvatskoj na različite teme važne za energetski sektor. Referati i prezentacije na forumima poslužile su da se stručnjaci i javnost upoznaju s problemima, trendovima i iskustvima drugih zemalja. Teme dosadašnjih foruma bile su: 1. „Hrvatska energetika u ratu i nakon rata", 1992. 2. „Nove tehnologije i gospodarenje energijom", 1993. 3. „Problemi tranzicije energetskog sektora", 1994. 4. „Cijene i tarifna politika u energetici", 1995. 5. „Očekivanja u potrošnji energije do 2020. godine", 1996 6. „Ciljevi, metodologija i iskustva regionalnog planiranja kao dijela nacionalnog energetskog sektora", 1997. 7. „Budućnost energetike nakon Kvota", 1998. 8. „Energetska tržišta i energetska efikasnost u zemljama tranzicije", 1999. 9. „Restrukturiranje, privatizacija i promjene tržišta umreženih energetskih sustava", 2000. 10. „Liberalizacija i privatizacija energetskog sektora u zemljama tranzicije Europske unije- Iskustva i perspektive", 2001. 11. „Problem regulacije na tržištu energetskih usluga", 2002. 12. „Potrošači energije u uvjetima otvorenog tržišta", 2003. 13. „Dugoročno planiranje i sigurnost opskrbe potrošača u uvjetima otvorenog tržišta", 2004. 14. „Energetske perspektive danas i sutra, SVIJET-EUROPA-HRVATSKA", 2005. Tema energetskih perspektiva zaokuplja cijelu energetsku zajednicu. Suočavanje s rastućim potrebama za energijom, a ograničenošću rezervi, terorističkim i ratnim prijetnjama te klimatskim promjenama, pokreće sve u traženju dugoročnih rješenja koja bi energetski razvoj učinila manje neizvjesnim i manje rizičnim. Tehnološki razvoj jedan je od odgovora na energetske probleme, ali nije i jedini. Povećanje energetske učinkovitosti spada u društveni izazov jer nadilazi problem tehnologije. Jednako tako, društveni izazov je i prihvaćanje lokacija za izgradnju energetskih postrojenja, jer zajednički s drugim društvenim izazovima može dati odgovor kako dalje graditi stabilnu energetiku. Energetska sigurnost je sinergija različitih utjecajnih čimbenika: tržišta energije, infrastrukture koja omogućava dobru povezanost, diverzifikacije izvora, većeg korištenja obnovljivih izvora energije te energetske učinkovitosti, a važno je naglasiti da su sigurni samo oni energetski sustavi koji su dobro uravnoteženi. World Energy Council (WEC) je pokrenuo izradu globalne studije „Energy Policy Scenarios to 2050" s ciljem da se na ukupnoj svjetskoj razini, kao i na regionalnoj, sagleda energetska budućnost. 1 15. FORUM - DAN ENERGIJE U HRVATSKOJ U želji da doprinesemo razumijevanju problema i traženju mogućih rješenja za svoj petnaesti Forum odabrali smo istu temu, ali s naglaskom na Hrvatsku u Europi, a Europu u svjetskim procesima. Vaš udjel na 15. Forumu približit će nas traženim odgovorima! U Zagrebu 15. studenog 2006. Dr. se. Goran Granić, dipl. ing. Predsjednik HED-a 1 Energetske perspektive do 2050. FOREWORD For the past fourteen years the Croatian Energy Association has been organising the annual Energy Forum, also known as Energy Day, addressing variety of topics which are significant for the energy sector. Papers and presentations for the Forum's meetings enabled the energy expert community and public to learn about issues, trends and experience of other countries. The themes of the previous Forum's meetings are as follows: 1. "Croatian Energy Sector during and after War Time", 1992. 2. "New Technologies and Energy Management", 1993. 3. "Energy Sector Transition Problems ", 1994. 4. "Prices and Tariff Policy in Energy Supply", 1995. 5. "Energy Demand Forecasts by the Year 2020", 1996 6. "Objectives, Methodology, and Experience in Regional Planning as part of National Energy Planning", 1997. 7. "Future Facing the Energy Sector following Kyoto Protocol", 1998. 8. „Energy Markets and Energy Efficiency in Transition Economy Countries ", 1999. 9. "Restructuring, Privatisation and Market Changes of Grid-bound Energy Systems", 2000. 10. "Energy Sector Liberalization and Privatization in Transition-Economy and EU Countries - Experiences and Perspectives ", 2001. 11. "Regulation Problems Relating to Energy Service Markets ", 2002. 12. "Energy Consumers in Open Market Conditions", 2003. 13. "Long-term Planning and Consumer Supply Safety in Open Market Conditions", 2004. 14. „Energy: its reality and outlooks, WORLD-EUROPE-CROATIA", 2005. Energy perspectives are in the focus of the whole energy community. Facing the growing needs for energy, limits to reserves, terrorist or war threats, and climate changes is the main driver in searching for long-term solutions which would make energy development less uncertain and less risky. Technological development is one of the answers to energy problems, but it is not the only one. Enhancing energy efficiency is a social challenge that goes beyond the technology problem. Equally, accepting locations for construction of energy facilities is also a social challenge, because, together with other social challenges, may give an answer how to develop stable energy industry. Energy security is synergy of various factors: energy market, infrastructure which facilitates good connectivity, diversification of resources, enhanced use of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency, and it is important to stress that the only secure energy systems are well-balanced ones. I 15. FORUM - DAN ENERGIJE U HRVATSKOJ World Energy Council (WEC) initiated the global study „Energy Policy Scenarios to 2050" with the aim to overview the future of energy at global and regional levels. With the wish to give our contribution to understanding
Load more

Recommended publications
  • History Timeline from 13.7 Billion Years Ago to August 2013. 1 of 588 Pages This PDF History Timeline Has Been Extracted
    History Timeline from 13.7 Billion Years ago to August 2013. 1 of 588 pages This PDF History Timeline has been extracted from the History World web site's time line. The PDF is a very simplified version of the History World timeline. The PDF is stripped of all the links found on that timeline. If an entry attracts your interest and you want further detail, click on the link at the foot of each of the PDF pages and query the subject or the PDF entry on the web site, or simply do an internet search. When I saw the History World timeline I wanted a copy of it for myself and my family in a form that we could access off-line, on demand, on the device of our choice. This PDF is the result. What attracted me particularly about the History World timeline is that each event, which might be earth shattering in itself with a wealth of detail sufficient to write volumes on, and indeed many such events have had volumes written on them, is presented as a sort of pared down news head-line. Basic unadorned fact. Also, the History World timeline is multi-faceted. Most historic works focus on their own area of interest and ignore seemingly unrelated events, but this timeline offers glimpses of cross-sections of history for any given time, embracing art, politics, war, nations, religions, cultures and science, just to mention a few elements covered. The view is fascinating. Then there is always the question of what should be included and what excluded.
    [Show full text]
  • 1777 Map of Philadelphia and Parts Adjacent - a Poetose Notebook / Journal / Diary (50 Pages/25 Sheets) Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    1777 MAP OF PHILADELPHIA AND PARTS ADJACENT - A POETOSE NOTEBOOK / JOURNAL / DIARY (50 PAGES/25 SHEETS) PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Poetose Press | 52 pages | 27 Aug 2019 | Poetose Press | 9781646720361 | English | none 1777 Map of Philadelphia and Parts Adjacent - A Poetose Notebook / Journal / Diary (50 pages/25 sheets) PDF Book In he had a safe-conduct to pass into England or across the sea. Bremen, Kunsthalle. The paintings had been discovered by advancing American troops in wartime storage in the salt mine at Merkers in , had been shipped to the United States aboard the Army transport James Parker in December of that year and stored in the vaults of the National Gallery in Washington. Photograph: Calvin Reinhold seated at his desk painting Frame: 12" x 10". Little did they know how skilled these boys were from playing on an uneven, rock infested dirt court. There are also copies of the obituary of W. This fact was consistent with the four-element theory. Pair of Rococo Revival rosewood parlor chairs, attributed to John Henry Belter , carved in the Rosalie with Grape pattern, laminated shield backs, carved skirt and cabriole legs, mounted with casters. Lucinda Maberry, Mrs. Florence: Centre di Firenze, Information on the charge of common ions can be obtained from the periodic table. Records of the Rev. The records for Emanuel County begin on page 78 and end on page Box 30 ca. Nancy Carmichael, b. Tear lower right margin, approx. A web portfolio is shown via the internet so it can be viewed or downloaded remotely or by anyone with access to the web.
    [Show full text]
  • Persons Index
    Architectural History Vol. 1-46 INDEX OF PERSONS Note: A list of architects and others known to have used Coade stone is included in 28 91-2n.2. Membership of this list is indicated below by [c] following the name and profession. A list of architects working in Leeds between 1800 & 1850 is included in 38 188; these architects are marked by [L]. A table of architects attending meetings in 1834 to establish the Institute of British Architects appears on 39 79: these architects are marked by [I]. A list of honorary & corresponding members of the IBA is given on 39 100-01; these members are marked by [H]. A list of published country-house inventories between 1488 & 1644 is given in 41 24-8; owners, testators &c are marked below with [inv] and are listed separately in the Index of Topics. A Aalto, Alvar (architect), 39 189, 192; Turku, Turun Sanomat, 39 126 Abadie, Paul (architect & vandal), 46 195, 224n.64; Angoulême, cath. (rest.), 46 223nn.61-2, Hôtel de Ville, 46 223n.61-2, St Pierre (rest.), 46 224n.63; Cahors cath (rest.), 46 224n.63; Périgueux, St Front (rest.), 46 192, 198, 224n.64 Abbey, Edwin (painter), 34 208 Abbott, John I (stuccoist), 41 49 Abbott, John II (stuccoist): ‘The Sources of John Abbott’s Pattern Book’ (Bath), 41 49-66* Abdallah, Emir of Transjordan, 43 289 Abell, Thornton (architect), 33 173 Abercorn, 8th Earl of (of Duddingston), 29 181; Lady (of Cavendish Sq, London), 37 72 Abercrombie, Sir Patrick (town planner & teacher), 24 104-5, 30 156, 34 209, 46 284, 286-8; professor of town planning, Univ.
    [Show full text]
  • The Right to Being Surrounded by Beauty - by Dalibor Borák 11 08 24
    The right to being surrounded by beauty - by Dalibor Borák 11_08_24 1. The World and Man were created beautiful From the exalted source and out of the essence of His favour and bounty He hath entrusted every created thing with a sign of His knowledge, so that none of His creatures may be deprived of its share in expressing, each according to its capacity and rank, this knowledge. This sign is the mirror of His beauty in the world of creation. (Baha'u'llah, Gleanings from the Writings of Baha'u'llah, p. 261) On the globe are only two types of materialised Environment. The original Environment - Nature which was not touched by hand of Man and so called Build Environment where activity of man could be traced. Praha It seems that there is general agreement that The Nature is beautiful. The problem appears when we try to evaluate the other type of Environment. The original source – power of creation was apparently more successful than we are. Ios - Chora The question is : could the creativity performed by Man produce the Quality, in our case Beauty on the level performed by the original creation (or at least close to it) and are there some principles which being used result in similar quality? Český Krumlov 2. The society seeks for The Beauty – The Truth – The Fairness The experience of "beauty" often involves the interpretation of some entity as being in balance and harmony, which may lead to feelings of attraction and emotional well-being Many philosophers connect Beauty with truth. This approach is deeply anchored in tradition of Civilisation and reflexes even in languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Musical Interpretations of Le Corbusier's Modulor
    Radoslav Zuk Research School of Architecture Three Musical Interpretations of Le McGill University 815 Sherbrooke Street West Corbusier’s Modulor Montreal QC, H3A 2K6 Abstract. The frequent evocative comparisons between music CANADA and architecture in the text of the Modulor may explain why Le [email protected] Corbusier, in this constant search for ordering principles, Keywords: architecture, considered his proportional sequence to be equivalent to a music, proportions, Le musical scale. Yet, since the dimensional ratios of Le Corbusier, Modulor Corbusier’s ‘scale’ are much larger than the pitch ratios of the latter, the Modulor comes much closer to another structural element of music, that of harmony. By adjusting the Modulor ratios to the corresponding ratios of musical chords, three variants of a “musical” Modulor can be generated – Chromatic, Major and Minor. If, in addition, the two sets of the male- based Modulor dimensions are replaced with a universal female-male set, the inherently complex Modulor numbers become simpler and clear. The Master’s intention of producing a rational and practical system of proportions, which is related to both the scale of the human being, and to the order inherent in the physical nature of sound, can thus be realized. Introduction It is commonly known that in his mature works Le Corbusier applied the Modulor, a system of architectural proportions, which he had developed in the 1940s over a period of some seven years [Le Corbusier 1954 (2000): 83]. What is probably not as well known is the role that music may have played in this development. The Modulor constitutes a mathematical structure of specific interrelated dimensional ratios.
    [Show full text]
  • Sections Beyond Golden
    BRIDGES Mathematical Connections in Art, Music, and Science Sections Beyond Golden Peter Steinbach Albuquerque Technical-Vocational Institute Albuquerque NM 87106 [email protected] Over the centuries, the Fine Arts have celebmted seveml special. numerical ratios and proportions for their visual dynamics or balance and sometimes for their musical potential. From the golden ratio to the sacred cut, numerical relationships are at the heart of some of the greatest works of Nature and of Western design. This article introduces to interdisciplinary designers three newly-discovered numerical relations and summarizes current knowledge about them~ Together with the golden ratio they form a golden family, and though not well understood yet, they are very compelling, both as mathematical diversions and as design elements. They also point toward an interesting geometry problem that is not yet solved. (Some of these ideas also appear in [5] in more technical language.) I. Sections and proportions First I want to clarify what is meant by golden ratio, golden mean, golden section and golden proportion. When a line is cut (sected) by a point, three segments are induced: the two parts and the whole. Where would you cut a segment so that the three lengths fit a proportion? Since a proportion has four entries, one of the three lengths must be repeated, and a little experimentation will show that you must repeat the larger part created by the cut. Figure 1 shows the golden section and golden proportion. The larger part, a, is the mean of the extremes, b and a + b. As the Greeks put it The whole is to the larger part as the larger is to the smaller part.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Theory and History of Architecture SBEA 1513
    Introduction to Theory and History of Architecture SBEA 1513 Introduction to Theory of Modern Architecture & Theory of Proportion Dr. Alice Sabrina Ismail l Dr. Hazrina Haja Bava Mohidin Introduction THEORY OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE • Theory of architecture is important as it sets the basic understanding of design before architects design a building into reality. • It is a framework or a process that helps to answer the meaning and understanding of architecture vocabulary such as the chosen element of architecture. 5 MAIN Theory of modern architecture a)Theory of Proportion b)Organic Architecture c)Form Follows Function d)Theory of Style e)Theory of Communication Theory of Proportion • Proportion & Scale • Material Proportions – All materials have rational proportions – Inherent strength & weaknesses • Structural Proportions – Structural tasks – Visual indicators of size & scale • Manufactured Proportions – manufacturing Three Proportioning System • Proportion & Ratio done by comparing two or more elements (Architecture with its surrounding context) eg: building and site elements such as human being, trees etc. • Proportion & Ration done by comparing elements on the subject ( Architecture and its architectural features) eg: building and its windows, doors, arch, column to column, floor levels etc. • Mathematical ratio. Theory of Proportion • Golden Ratio • Classical Orders • Renaissance Theories • Modulor • Ken • Anthropometry • Scale Golden Ratio •Originated from Ancient Greek civilization •A proportion between two dimensions of a plane figure or two divisions of a line, in which the ration of the smaller to the larger is the same as the ratio of the larger to the whole: a ratio of approx. 0.618 to 1.000. A redrawn image of Golden Ratio The geometric construction of the Golden Section, first by extension and then by division https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Golden- ratio-construction.png • A rectangle whose sides are proportioned according to the Golden Section is known as a Golden Rectangle.
    [Show full text]
  • Ratio and the Divine Proportions: Le Corbusier and Rudolf Wittkower
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.743 Ratio and the Divine Proportions: Le Corbusier and Rudolf Wittkower J. Kirk Irwin MPhil/PhD student at Birkbeck, University of London Abstract: This paper will evaluate Le Corbusier’s notion of ratio as expressed in his Modulor and Modulor 2. Particular emphasis will be placed on the dialogue (or polemical exchange) between Rudolf Wittkower and Le Corbusier contained within Modulor 2 concerning the nature of the Divine Proporzione. The historiography of this area of art and architecture includes a vigorous debate from the mid-twentieth century among Modernist architects and art historians over the nature of the Divine Proportions. It is in this context that the dialogue between Le Corbusier and Wittkower occurs. Le Corbusier describes human form with a Fibonacci-based number system expressed through a universally applied system of measure, Le Modulor. Wittkower describes a set of harmonic proportions, conceptually universal, that describe the essence of Renaissance Architecture. Both influenced the course of Modern Architecture in the late twentieth-century. Keywords: Le Modulor, Wittkower. “Past decisions – customs – habits – all these stay with us through the most overwhelming events, disturbing, constricting, wantonly interfering with the free play of the mind.” 1 Even with the abundance of material written on the subject, Le Corbusier’s Le Modulor continues to present several opportunities for research. Perhaps because it was through this text that Le Corbusier’s method of measure received international attention, or perhaps because he proposed the Modulor as a tool applicable for all scales of design from that of a person to an entire city, or perhaps because of the oddly anthropomorphic qualities of the Modulor Man, Le Modulor continues to fascinate even those with a casual interest in twentieth-century Modernism.
    [Show full text]
  • Marseille J 'I ~ Sevag V
    UNITE D'HABITATION 1 ~ Marseille I j 'i ~ Sevag V. Pogharian ! ---------------------------------------------================================== Lt Corbuun ~ L 'mm qUJswt a it! ridigi pour lt cours .. thlorit dt nomic, and political forces of his centurv. His l'nrchlltcturt dll 1D' nklt" offtrt a l'unit•miU .\fcCill. genius lies primaril in this and in 1he ~onse­ L 'L'm/1 d'habitation cU .\lannllt) tst analyst stlon wtt quenl broadnc s of bts vision of architecture. mithocU itabllf par lt proftsstur Radoslat Zuk. To-wards a Xru Arrhtltclurt IS full of excited and op­ The following essa\, written for a twentieth timistic statements such as, "A great epoch has centur: architectural Lheon course at McGill. is begun. There exists a new spirit. "4 Or, "Indus­ an auempt to analvze Le Corbus1er's Unit~ tr:·- O\erwhelnung us hke a Aood which rolls on d'habitation at ~1arsellle. In our analv is, I will lO\\ards its desuned ends, has furnished us with first look at the image wtuch Lhe Unit~ project . ne\\ tools adapted to this new epoch, animated That is, the idea which underlies the building. by the new spint. "5 He appeal to technology to Lhe \mbols it contains and Lhe experience of the create a new and healthter wa} oflife by creating building as a whole. I will then look at the space an architecture thal 1s born out of the machine organization of the Cnite and, finallv. dicus its age. "The Engineer's Aesthetic, and Architec­ nine sy tern . The nine s,- terns are: movement, ture," he writes. "are two 1hings that march to­ pace type.
    [Show full text]
  • Suburban Pool House~ Desert Bath House
    Suburban pool house~desert bath house a regionally-appropriate water concious living unit; justification for the single-family swimming pool Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Bradley, Patrick Joseph Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 10:02:11 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192293 Suburban Pool House~ Desert Bath House A Regionally-Appropriate, Water Concious Living Unit; Justifi cation for the Single-Family Swimming Pool Table of Contents 1. Introduction 4 Historical Consumption 4 Tucson/ Pima County Water Use 6 2. Project Defi nition 10 Case Study: Material Assembly_Stereotomy~Tectonics 11 Case Study: Wet Construction 17 Case Study: Sequence_Ritual_Procession 19 3. Body_Movement_Programmatic Performance 27 4.Site Condtitions 32 5. Resolution 39 6. Resources Abstract Historically the bathing culture and its architecture has been rooted in environments with prevalent natural water resourc- es, rendering water an appropriate means of cleansing and relaxation in many parts of the world. Today, in the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern United States, a bathing culture of private swimming pools continues, but the water resource to sustain the lifestyle does not. The Desert Pool House takes a position as a dry “bath house” to acknowledge the wasteful- ness of the backyard swimming pool. It attempts to offset if not balance the squander and water loss of the artificial body of water, and provide the architectural experiences of cleans- ing and relaxation, with careful integration of material logic and assembly, lighting, and procession, without the immod- erate use and/ or waste of desert water.
    [Show full text]
  • Distinguishing Antecedents from Precedents
    Discovering Historical Standards: Distinguishing Antecedents from Precedents Author Fred Esenwein, Ph.D. Mississippi State University Distinguishing precedent from antecedent may seem to be splitting hairs, but for architecture faculty this distinction offers a way to bring architectural history into the design studio with greater rigor than the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) considers. I shall be showing the stages of a second-year studio project while briefly contextualizing the challenges raised in each assignment in broader discussions found in architectural history. This is so students can realize architecture history is not solely a catalog for formal or programmatic precedents, but interpreting an antecedent in history that reveals a standard by which to critique an architectural precedent. Most American architecture curricula incorporate the NAAB definition of precedent for accreditation purposes and so provides an entry into our understanding of precedent. According to NAAB Student Performance Criteria (SPC) A.6 “Use of Precedents,” architecture students are to have the “ability to examine and comprehend the fundamental principles present in relevant precedents and to make choices regarding the incorporation of such principles into architecture and urban design projects” (NAAB 2014, p. 16). This directive implies that students are expected to know how to study similar buildings or construction types already completed and be inventive with them. NAAB sees studying precedents as a skill to defend design decisions but the unintentional consequence is that its definition of precedent tends to be a narrowly conceived. At Mississippi State, for example, precedent studies often entails students finding similar building programs, analyzing them, then including the proper program requirements in the studio project.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Corbusier's Modulor and the Debate on Proportion in France
    $UFKLWHFWXUDO Cohen, J-L 2014 Le Corbusier’s Modulor and the Debate on Proportion in France. +LVWRULHV Architectural Histories, 2(1): 23, pp. 1-14, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ah.by RESEARCH ARTICLE Le Corbusier’s Modulor and the Debate on Proportion in France Jean-Louis Cohen* Finally codified in 1945 after several years of research, Le Corbusier’s Modulor is probably the most com- prehensive proportional system imagined during the 20th century. Developed through contacts with con- sultants such as art historian Elisa Maillard, and referring to statistical measurements of the human body, the Modulor concluded decades of discourse on proportions, a theme that preoccupied Le Corbusier ever since his sojourn in Germany in 1910. Matila Ghyka’s work on the golden section was one of the sources for the Modulor, but his work in general was used by other architects, such as Le Corbusier’s rival André Lurçat, who proposed his own range of proportions related to the work of builders as much as to that of designers. Proportions thus became a central issue in the postwar French reconstruction, as architects struggled to maintain their status amid changing procedures in building production. Introduction On Friday, September 28, 1951, Le Corbusier addressed the First International Conference on Proportion in the Arts at the Milan Triennale, introducing, with affirmed mod- esty, the system of proportional measurements he had invented in the preceding years as if it were an elemen- tary, prosaic tool: ‘The Modulor, which I have described to you, is a simple work tool, a tool such as aviation, such as many other improvements created by men’1 (Fig.
    [Show full text]