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Research and Development of Electric Vehicle in China and Latest Trends on Diffusion

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Research and Development of Electric Vehicle in China and Latest Trends on Diffusion Research and Development of Electric Vehicle in China and Latest Trends on Diffusion China Automotive Technology & Research Center (CATARC) Ma JianYong [email protected] 1. Research and manufacture of EV in China 2 2 2012,15495 thousand passenger cars were sold in china. Chinese government will attempt to double citizens' revenue before 2020. And this plan will promote the passenger cars market continue increase. 中国乘用车市场发展 变化趋势 18000000 60% 销量 同比 Sales Growth rate 15493669 16000000 52.9% 50.0% 14472416 50% 13757794 14000000 45.7% 12000000 40% 10331315 10000000 33.2% 30.8% 29.6% 30% 8000000 6755609 6297533 22.3% 6000000 5148546 20% 16.0%3973624 4000000 3036842 2618922 10% 1745585 2000000 1197996 7.3% 5.2% 0 0% 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012E 3 3 Support Policies from Central Government “Carry out energy- saving and new "Automobile industry “New energy "Notice on the private energy vehicle restructuring and vehicle production purchase of new demonstration pilot revitalization plan" companies and energy vehicles work notice” product access subsidy pilot” rules " 2001.1 2009.1.23 2009.2 2009.3 2009.5 2009.7 2009.12 2010.6 2012.7 "Energy-saving and Interim new energy Measures for the 10 billion CNY of automotive industry Administration of funds of the State development plan 863major projects energy-saving Council to support (2010-2120)" of Electric vehicle and new energy technical R&D and financial innovation New energy vehicle industrialization assistance demonstration pilot cities to extend 4 Bulletin number of models of EV(PHV) and HV（2006-2012） 500 400 300 200 100 0 2006- 2009 2010 2011 2012 Add up 2008 EV(PHV) 27 26 93 121 192 459 HV 58 48 63 84 163 416 5 5 Layout: the major projects of the national energy-saving and new energy vehicles Vehicle development Various types of vehicles Fuel cell vehicle power Hybrid vehicle power Pure electric vehicle Vehicle dynamic system 燃料电池汽车system platform system platform 混合动力汽车power system integration technology 动力平台 动力平台platform Fuel cell燃料电池和动力蓄电池 engines, power battery, super capacitor Key components technology Drive motor,电机系统和驱动控制 the motor drive train assembly, engine Common basic New materials, new components, technology common控制器和电动辅助系统 technology infrastructure technology Public support platform Testing Technology Policies and Demonstration Industry financing Intellectual property Technical6 standards regulations operations rights Information The level of battery technology Energy density (wh/kg) 300 Cycle life more than 3000 times, cost 1.5 yuan / watt or less Cycle life more than 2000 times, the cost is reduced to 2 / W or less 150 To carry out the next generation of new battery Cycle life about 1500 times, materials, the mechanism of basic research. Focus on the study of a new lithium-ion battery. 110 costs 3-4 yuan / watt Strengthen the positive anode material, separator, electrolyte, production processes To carry out multi-electron reaction cell, two- and equipment R & D Power density phase electrolyte batteries, light metal-air batteries (w/kg) and free radical polymer battery, the new battery technology research. The power batteries consistency and groups matching technology 2012 2015 20207 The level驱动电机技术水平 of moter technology Industrial Domestic typical Typical domestic U.S. typical Toyota energy-saving permanent asynchronous motor 2010 Pruis motors magnet motors motors EDM60/90 180ZWS001 274YZ-XI 02 Key technical TYC-168-260 indicators Peak power（kW） 30 92 90 90 60 Peak torque（Nm） 200 210 240 239 207 Maximum speed （r/min） 1500 11500 6000 10000 13500 Efficiency / efficiency District 92% 94%/70% 91.2%/70% 90%/50% 94%/75% Total weight of the motor / controller 90/18.5 65/28 99/30 65/35 37.7/17.9 （kg） Motor / controller power density 0.33/1.62 1.42/3.29 0.91/3.00 1.39/2.57 1.59/3.35 （kW/kg） 8 Production of hybrid vehicles in China in 2012 9 0 0 0 8192 8 0 0 0 6834 7 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 S p e c i a l P u r p o s e B u s P a s s e n g e r c a r s V e h i c l e 9 9 P u r e e l e c t r i c v e h i c l e p r o d u c t i o n i n C h i n a i n 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 8 7 5 1 9 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 3 9 5 6 4 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 8 8 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 T r u c k s a n d B u s e s P a s s e n g e r c a r s s p e c i a l - p u r p o s e v e h i c l e s 10 10 P l u g - i n h y b r i d p r o d u c t i o n i n C h i n a i n 2 0 1 2 3 0 0 2 6 2 2 5 0 2 0 0 1 5 0 1 0 0 5 0 1 0 B u s e s P a s s e n g e r c a r s 11 11 Electric passenger car production in the top five 2011 2012 奇瑞 3467 江淮 2493 比亚迪 1032 北汽 742 江南 386 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 12 12 "Pure electric passenger car technology" (GB / T 28382-2012) standard specifies: the maximum speed shall not be less than 80 km / h, mileage must be greater than 80 km. The low-speed electric vehicles is not officially recognized, but the sales volume is more larger. 13 13 EV Admittance Ordinary vehicle standards： 89 mandatory standards, 866recommended standards EV Industrialization EV EV standards： Demonstration 28 mandatory standards, 22 recommended standards EV R&D 14 Electrical performance Dynamic Environmental adaptability Security Driving range Charging port Energy Vehicle consumption rate performance Emission Charging stations and other Vehicle safety infrastructure Electrical Safety Charge-discharge Crash Safety characteristics Reliability and longevity China EV Braking Environmental adaptability standards system performance EMC Batteries and other energy Motor system storage devices Electrical performance Electrical performance Environmental adaptability Electronic Environmental adaptability Reliability control system Reliability Protection performance Protection performance 15 1CNY=14.3JPY 荣威 E50 (240,000 CNY) Rated power / maximum power（Kw） 28/52 nominal / maximum motor speed（rpm） 3000/8000 Peak torque of the motor（Nm） 155 0-50 km / h acceleration time（s） 5.3 0-100 km / h acceleration time （s） 14.6 Mileage(60km/h)（km） 180 Maximum speed（km/h） 130 Slow charge 6h Fast charge 30min（10%~80%） 16 比亚迪E6 (370,000 CNY) Length (mm) 4560 Width (mm) 1822 Height (mm) 1630 Weight (Kg) 2295 Maximum power (Kw) 75 Maximum torque (Nm) 450 Maximum speed (km/h) 140 Power consumption (KWh/100Km) 21.5 Mileage (Km) 300 17 奇瑞QQ3 EV (55,000 CNY) Length (mm) 3550 Width (mm) 1495 Height (mm) 1485 Weight (kg) 1050 Maximum power (Kw) 12 Maximum torque (Nm) 72 Maximum speed (km/h) 60 Mileage (Km) 100 18 2. EV demonstration in China 19 25 cities involved in the EV demonstration plan of our government 20 Demonstration scale By the end of 2012, the amount of China‘s total demonstration and extension energy-saving and new energy vehicles (HV, EV & PHV) is 27,400. Among those, 23,000 for public services; 4,400 for private use. To the end of March 2013,that amount will reach 39,700. At present, there are 174 charge power stations, 8107 charging piles in China. 21 EV Business Models of China（1） Whole EV Selling Model Selling the whole EV at the price of deduction the subsidies, applicable for the small, mini-passenger cars, with some specific consumers 22 EV Business Models of China（2） Whole EV leasing Model Whole EV leasing model are applied to passenger car for public car leasing market. 23 EV Business Model of China（3） Battery Leasing Model Power company construct and operate the swap station, lease the batteries to taxi company. Power company get the subsidies for private EV buying, and also the subsidies for leasing batteries indirectly from taxi company. 24 EV Business Model of China（4） Financial Leasing Model I Finance company buy the batteries and lease the batteries to public transportation company, who get subsidies cover the money for leasing battery and buying nude e-bus. 25 EV Business Model of China（5） Financial Leasing Model II Professional operator borrow the money to buy batteries and nude e-buses, which will be repaid by subsidies. Different from model I, finance company does not own the batteries. 26 EV Business Models in Demo Cities Hefei Hangzhou (JAC EV) (ZOTYE EV) Hangzhou (ZOTYE 5008EV) Whole EV Selling Model EV Business Model Battery Leasing Model Whole EV Leasing Model Shenzhen Hefei ( BYD K9 Bus) ( Ankai Bus) Financial Leasing Model I Financial Leasing Model II 27 At the end of 2011, the total quantity and variety of demonstration electric vehicles was as follow special Passenger purpose cars(EV,inclu vehicle, ding fuel 193, 2% cell cars and plug-in), 2025, 18% Buses (EV,including fuel cell, super capacitor ), 990, 9% Buses （HV,PEV）, Passenger 6449, 56% cars(HV), 1766, 15% Total：16023 28 • The number of vehicles distributed by city (2011) 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 29 Charging Station Shenzhen, By Potevio Hangzhou, Hefei, By State Grid By State Grid Charging station EV Charging Station Charging and Swap station Charging station Beijing, By State Grid Charging and Swap station 30 Number of Infrastructures in total By the end of 2011, the Charging Spot number of charging spots is about 6800 in China Charging Station By the end of 2011, the number of charging stations is about 168.
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