Arsinothricin, an Arsenic-Containing Non-Proteinogenic Amino Acid Analog of Glutamate, Is a Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic
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Pre-Antibiotic Therapy of Syphilis Charles T
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications Genetics 2016 Pre-Antibiotic Therapy of Syphilis Charles T. Ambrose University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits oy u. Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/microbio_facpub Part of the Medical Immunology Commons Repository Citation Ambrose, Charles T., "Pre-Antibiotic Therapy of Syphilis" (2016). Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications. 83. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/microbio_facpub/83 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pre-Antibiotic Therapy of Syphilis Notes/Citation Information Published in NESSA Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, v. 1, issue 1, p. 1-20. © 2016 C.T. Ambrose This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available at UKnowledge: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/microbio_facpub/83 Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Volume 1| Issue 1 Review Article Open Access PRE-ANTIBIOTICTHERAPY OF SYPHILIS C.T. Ambrose, M.D1* 1Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky *Corresponding author: C.T. Ambrose, M.D, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Department of Microbiology, E-mail: [email protected] Citation: C.T. -
The Capsule of Porphyromonas Gingivalis Reduces the Immune Response of Human Gingival Fibroblasts
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The capsule of Porphyromonas gingivalis reduces the immune response of human gingival fibroblasts Brunner, J.; Scheres, N.; El Idrissi, N.B.; Deng, D.M.; Laine, M.L.; van Winkelhoff, A.J.; Crielaard, W. DOI 10.1186/1471-2180-10-5 Publication date 2010 Document Version Final published version Published in BMC Microbiology License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Brunner, J., Scheres, N., El Idrissi, N. B., Deng, D. M., Laine, M. L., van Winkelhoff, A. J., & Crielaard, W. (2010). The capsule of Porphyromonas gingivalis reduces the immune response of human gingival fibroblasts. BMC Microbiology, 10, [5]. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-10-5 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:29 Sep 2021 Brunner et al. -
Desulfuribacillus Alkaliarsenatis Gen. Nov. Sp. Nov., a Deep-Lineage
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central Extremophiles (2012) 16:597–605 DOI 10.1007/s00792-012-0459-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Desulfuribacillus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov. sp. nov., a deep-lineage, obligately anaerobic, dissimilatory sulfur and arsenate-reducing, haloalkaliphilic representative of the order Bacillales from soda lakes D. Y. Sorokin • T. P. Tourova • M. V. Sukhacheva • G. Muyzer Received: 10 February 2012 / Accepted: 3 May 2012 / Published online: 24 May 2012 Ó The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract An anaerobic enrichment culture inoculated possible within a pH range from 9 to 10.5 (optimum at pH with a sample of sediments from soda lakes of the Kulunda 10) and a salt concentration at pH 10 from 0.2 to 2 M total Steppe with elemental sulfur as electron acceptor and for- Na? (optimum at 0.6 M). According to the phylogenetic mate as electron donor at pH 10 and moderate salinity analysis, strain AHT28 represents a deep independent inoculated with sediments from soda lakes in Kulunda lineage within the order Bacillales with a maximum of Steppe (Altai, Russia) resulted in the domination of a 90 % 16S rRNA gene similarity to its closest cultured Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium strain AHT28. representatives. On the basis of its distinct phenotype and The isolate is an obligate anaerobe capable of respiratory phylogeny, the novel haloalkaliphilic anaerobe is suggested growth using elemental sulfur, thiosulfate (incomplete as a new genus and species, Desulfuribacillus alkaliar- T T reduction) and arsenate as electron acceptor with H2, for- senatis (type strain AHT28 = DSM24608 = UNIQEM mate, pyruvate and lactate as electron donor. -
Contents • May/June 2018 • Volume 9, No. 3
CONTENTS • MAY/JUNE 2018 • VOLUME 9, NO. 3 FEATURED IMAGE Featured image: Adult female deep-sea anglerfish specimens of Melanocetus johnsonii (top) and Cryptopsaras couesii (bottom), collected on DEEPEND Consortium cruises in the Gulf of Mexico. The lure, which holds luminous bacterial symbionts, is present above each individual’s head. (Photo credit: Danté Fenolio, San Antonio Zoo.) [See related article: Hendry et al., mBio 9(3): e01033-18, 2018.] © 2018 Hendry et al. CC-BY 4.0. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Multiple Selected Changes May Modulate the Molecular Interaction between e00476-18 Laverania RH5 and Primate Basigin Diego Forni, Chiara Pontremoli, Rachele Cagliani, Uberto Pozzoli, Mario Clerici, Manuela Sironi Inability to Culture Pneumocystis jirovecii e00939-18 Yueqin Liu, Gary A. Fahle, Joseph A. Kovacs AUTHOR REPLIES Reply to Forni et al., “Multiple Selected Changes May Modulate the Molecular e00917-18 Interaction between Laverania RH5 and Primate Basigin” Lindsey J. Plenderleith, Weimin Liu, Oscar A. MacLean, Yingying Li, Dorothy E. Loy, Sesh A. Sundararaman, Frederic Bibollet-Ruche, Gerald H. Learn, Beatrice H. Hahn, Paul M. Sharp Reply to Das and Berkhout, “How Polypurine Tract Changes in the HIV-1 RNA e00623-18 Genome Can Cause Resistance against the Integrase Inhibitor Dolutegravir” Isabelle Malet, Frédéric Subra, Clémence Richetta, Charlotte Charpentier, Gilles Collin, Diane Descamps, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Olivier Delelis Reply to Liu et al., “Inability To Culture Pneumocystis jirovecii” e01030-18 Verena Schildgen, Oliver Schildgen PERSPECTIVES The Case for an Expanded Concept of Trained Immunity e00570-18 Antonio Cassone Identifying and Overcoming Threats to Reproducibility, Replicability, Robustness, e00525-18 and Generalizability in Microbiome Research Patrick D. -
Discerning Role of a Functional Arsenic Resistance Cassette in Evolution and Adaptation Of
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.16.422644; this version posted December 16, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Discerning role of a functional arsenic resistance cassette in evolution and adaptation of a rice pathogen Amandeep Kaur1, Rekha Rana1, Tanu Saroha1, Prabhu B. Patil1,* Affiliation 1Bacterial Genomics and Evolution Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India. *Corresponding author Running Title: Acquisition of a functional arsenic resistance cassette in Xoo Correspondence: Prabhu B Patil, PhD Principal Scientist CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, India-160036 Email: [email protected] https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=8_gxcp0AAAAJ&hl=en https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-1059 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.16.422644; this version posted December 16, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Arsenic (As) is highly toxic element to all forms of life and is a major environmental contaminant. Understanding acquisition, detoxification, and adaptation mechanisms in bacteria that are associated with host in arsenic-rich conditions can provide novel insights into dynamics of host-microbe-microenvironment interactions. In the present study, we have investigated an arsenic resistance mechanism acquired during the evolution of a particular lineage in the population of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which is a serious plant pathogen infecting rice. Our study revealed the horizontal acquisition of a novel chromosomal 12kb ars cassette in Xoo IXO1088 that confers high resistance to arsenate/arsenite. -
The Diversity of Membrane Transporters Encoded in Bacterial Arsenic-Resistance Operons Yiren Yang University of Wollongong, [email protected]
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 2015 The diversity of membrane transporters encoded in bacterial arsenic-resistance operons Yiren Yang University of Wollongong, [email protected] Shiyang Wu University of Wollongong, [email protected] Ross M. Lilley University of Wollongong, [email protected] Ren Zhang University of Wollongong, [email protected] Publication Details Yang, Y., Wu, S., Lilley, R. McCausland. & Zhang, R. (2015). The diversity of membrane transporters encoded in bacterial arsenic- resistance operons. Peerj, 3 (May), e943. Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] The diversity of membrane transporters encoded in bacterial arsenic- resistance operons Abstract Transporter-facilitated arsenite extrusion is the major pathway of arsenic resistance within bacteria. So far only two types of membrane-bound transporter proteins, ArsB and ArsY (ACR3), have been well studied, although the arsenic transporters in bacteria display considerable diversity. Utilizing accumulated genome sequence data, we searched arsenic resistance (ars) operons in about 2,500 bacterial strains and located over 700 membrane-bound transporters which are encoded in these operons. Sequence analysis revealed at least five distinct transporter families, with ArsY being the most dominant, followed by ArsB, ArsP (a recently reported permease family), Major Facilitator protein Superfamily (MFS) and Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP). In addition, other types of transporters encoded in the ars operons were found, but in much lower frequencies. The diversity and evolutionary relationships of these transporters with regard to arsenic resistance will be discussed. -
The Diversity of Membrane Transporters Encoded in Bacterial Arsenic-Resistance Operons
The diversity of membrane transporters encoded in bacterial arsenic-resistance operons Yiren Yang, Shiyang Wu, Ross McCausland Lilley and Ren Zhang School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia ABSTRACT Transporter-facilitated arsenite extrusion is the major pathway of arsenic resistance within bacteria. So far only two types of membrane-bound transporter proteins, ArsB and ArsY (ACR3), have been well studied, although the arsenic transporters in bacteria display considerable diversity. Utilizing accumulated genome sequence data, we searched arsenic resistance (ars) operons in about 2,500 bacterial strains and located over 700 membrane-bound transporters which are encoded in these operons. Sequence analysis revealed at least five distinct transporter families, with ArsY being the most dominant, followed by ArsB, ArsP (a recently reported permease family), Major Facilitator protein Superfamily (MFS) and Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP). In addition, other types of transporters encoded in the ars operons were found, but in much lower frequencies. The diversity and evolutionary relationships of these transporters with regard to arsenic resistance will be discussed. Subjects Biochemistry, Bioinformatics, Genetics, Genomics Keywords Prokaryotes, Arsenic resistance, Membrane transporters INTRODUCTION Arsenic (As) is the 53rd most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but is the most ubiquitous environmental toxin and carcinogen (Zhuet al., 2014 ). Capable of inhibiting Submitted 27 January 2015 protein function and cell metabolism through disturbing disulfide bonds and ATP Accepted 17 April 2015 Published 12 May 2015 synthesis, arsenic presents hazards to all forms of life. To survive in arsenic environments, Corresponding author organisms have developed a range of arsenic resistance pathways (Tawfik& Viola, 2011 ). -
Multi-Residue Determination of Organic Arsenical Drugs in Feeds by LC-MS/MS
Multi-Residue Determination of Organic Arsenical Drugs in Feeds by LC-MS/MS Geneviève Grenier, Melanie Titley & Lise-Anne Prescott AAFCO Laboratory Methods and Services Committee meeting 2016-01-18 Background • Animal Feed Division of CFIA identified a high priority need for the determination of three organic arsenicals (arsanilic acid, roxarsone and nitarsone) at residue levels in animal feed • These are withdrawal drugs and are priority food contaminants • Current test methods are at guarantee levels greater than 10% minimum use rate • Therefore, current methods not well suited for residue or traceback testing • Requested feed residue LOQ of 1 mg/kg for all three organic arsenicals 2 Background • UHPLC-PDA Challenges • Extract were very dirty • Tried sample clean-up using Oasis MAX SPE • Still very dirty • HPLC Challenges • Compounds elute too easily • Analytical column must : retain and separate compounds, and give good peak shape • Analytical column : Phenomenex Onyx Monolithic C18 100 X 3.0mm 3 Background • LC/MS/MS method (positive mode) • Column: Phenomenex Onyx Monolithic C18 100 X 3.0mm • Linearity problems with Internal Standard (IS) • Internal standard – 4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid • Peak area of the internal standard increased with increasing analyte concentration • Cause • 4-hydroxyphenyl arsanic acid co-elute with Arsanilic acid and have similar m/z 4 New method - summary • Liquid chromatography combined with atomic and molecular mass spectrometry for speciation of arsenic in chicken liver. Peng et. al., Journal of Chromatography -
Novel Heavy Metal Resistance Gene Clusters Are Present in the Genome
Klonowska et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:214 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6623-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Novel heavy metal resistance gene clusters are present in the genome of Cupriavidus neocaledonicus STM 6070, a new species of Mimosa pudica microsymbiont isolated from heavy-metal-rich mining site soil Agnieszka Klonowska1, Lionel Moulin1, Julie Kaye Ardley2, Florence Braun3, Margaret Mary Gollagher4, Jaco Daniel Zandberg2, Dora Vasileva Marinova4, Marcel Huntemann5, T. B. K. Reddy5, Neha Jacob Varghese5, Tanja Woyke5, Natalia Ivanova5, Rekha Seshadri5, Nikos Kyrpides5 and Wayne Gerald Reeve2* Abstract Background: Cupriavidus strain STM 6070 was isolated from nickel-rich soil collected near Koniambo massif, New Caledonia, using the invasive legume trap host Mimosa pudica. STM 6070 is a heavy metal-tolerant strain that is highly effective at fixing nitrogen with M. pudica. Here we have provided an updated taxonomy for STM 6070 and described salient features of the annotated genome, focusing on heavy metal resistance (HMR) loci and heavy metal efflux (HME) systems. Results: The 6,771,773 bp high-quality-draft genome consists of 107 scaffolds containing 6118 protein-coding genes. ANI values show that STM 6070 is a new species of Cupriavidus. The STM 6070 symbiotic region was syntenic with that of the M. pudica-nodulating Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG 19424T. In contrast to the nickel and zinc sensitivity of C. taiwanensis strains, STM 6070 grew at high Ni2+ and Zn2+ concentrations. The STM 6070 genome contains 55 genes, located in 12 clusters, that encode HMR structural proteins belonging to the RND, MFS, CHR, ARC3, CDF and P-ATPase protein superfamilies. -
Chapter 20 the Proteobacteria
Fig. 20.21 Chapter 20 purple photosynthetic sulfur bacteria The Proteobacteria may have arose from a single photosynthetic ancestor 16S rRNA shows five distinct lineages 12-27-2011 12-28-2011 Class α-proteobacteria Most are oligotrophic (growing at low nutrient level) Fig. 20.11 Genus Rhizobium motile rods often contain poly-β- hydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules become pleomorphic under adverse conditions grow symbiotically as nitrogen- fixing bacteroids (Æ ammonium) within root nodule cells of legumes Genus Agrobacterium Figure 20.12 transform infected plant cells (crown, roots, and stems) into autonomously proliferating tumors Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease by means of tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid Crown gall (冠癭) of a tomato plant Agrobacterium Ti (tumor inducing) plamid Transfer the T-DNA to plant and lower fungi Can also mobilize other plasmid with to plant cells A vector used for transgenic plant Fig. 29.13 Genus Brucella important human and animal pathogen (zoonosis) Brucellosis- undulant fever 波型熱 A select agent as biocrime ingestion of contaminated food (milk products); inhalation, via skin wound, rare person-to-person Acute form: flu-like symptom; undulant form: undulant fever, arthritis, and testicular inflammation, neurologic symptom may occur; chronic form: chronic fatigue, depression, and arthritis Class β-proteobacteria Nitrogen metabolism Nitrifying bacteria- Nitrification oxidation of ammonium to nitrite, nitrite further oxidized to nitrate Nitrobacter (α-proteobacteria) Nitrosomonas (β-proteobacteria) Nitrosococcus (γ-proteobacteria) Nitrogen Fixation Burkholderia and Ralstonia (β-proteobacteria) both form symbiotic associations with legumes both have nodulation genes (nod) a common genetic origin with rhizobia (α-proteobacteria) obtained through lateral gene transfer Order Burkholderiales Burkholderia cepacia degrades > 100 organic molecules very active in recycling organic material plant and human pathogen (nosocomial pathogen) a particular problem for cystic fibrosis patients B. -
National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) Science Advisory Board (SAB)
National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) Science Advisory Board (SAB) November 2, 2016 Crowne Plaza 201 S. Shackleford Road Little Rock, AR 72211 TABLE OF CONTENTS FDA Center Perspectives 1 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Center for Devices and Radiological Health Center for Tobacco Products Center for Veterinary Medicine Office of Regulatory Affairs Discussion of NCTR Research (SAB Members) 120 1 P R O C E E D I N G S Agenda Item: FDA Center Perspectives DR. PHILBERT: Good morning. Our first presentation in a series from our colleagues at FDA is from Carolyn, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. DR. WILSON: Good morning. Thank you. I am going to start with an overview of the products we regulate just to orient some of you who may be new on the advisory board. Then I will go into the priorities for our scientific research program, as well as some examples of ongoing and potential future collaborations with NCTR. We regulate what are called complex biologic products, so things like monoclonal antibodies and most recombinant proteins are regulated in the Center for Drugs. But we regulate things like blood, blood components and derivatives, vaccines both preventative and therapeutic, the novel areas like cell and gene therapies, including stem cells, and that does include things like CRISPR modification of cells. Certain human tissues, live biotherapeutics and, yes, that includes fetal transplantation, allergenic products which actually, although that is a single line, represents over 1200 different extracts that are used both for diagnosis 2 and treatment of allergies, and then certain related devices, as well. -
Cell Structure and Function in the Bacteria and Archaea
4 Chapter Preview and Key Concepts 4.1 1.1 DiversityThe Beginnings among theof Microbiology Bacteria and Archaea 1.1. •The BacteriaThe are discovery classified of microorganismsinto several Cell Structure wasmajor dependent phyla. on observations made with 2. theThe microscope Archaea are currently classified into two 2. •major phyla.The emergence of experimental 4.2 Cellscience Shapes provided and Arrangements a means to test long held and Function beliefs and resolve controversies 3. Many bacterial cells have a rod, spherical, or 3. MicroInquiryspiral shape and1: Experimentation are organized into and a specific Scientificellular c arrangement. Inquiry in the Bacteria 4.31.2 AnMicroorganisms Overview to Bacterialand Disease and Transmission Archaeal 4.Cell • StructureEarly epidemiology studies suggested how diseases could be spread and 4. Bacterial and archaeal cells are organized at be controlled the cellular and molecular levels. 5. • Resistance to a disease can come and Archaea 4.4 External Cell Structures from exposure to and recovery from a mild 5.form Pili allowof (or cells a very to attach similar) to surfacesdisease or other cells. 1.3 The Classical Golden Age of Microbiology 6. Flagella provide motility. Our planet has always been in the “Age of Bacteria,” ever since the first 6. (1854-1914) 7. A glycocalyx protects against desiccation, fossils—bacteria of course—were entombed in rocks more than 3 billion 7. • The germ theory was based on the attaches cells to surfaces, and helps observations that different microorganisms years ago. On any possible, reasonable criterion, bacteria are—and always pathogens evade the immune system. have been—the dominant forms of life on Earth.