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Study on the Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Aqueous Media: Synthesis, Characterization and Detection of Biotic and Abiotic Transform

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Study on the Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Aqueous Media: Synthesis, Characterization and Detection of Biotic and Abiotic Transform Study on the fate of pharmaceuticals in aqueous media : synthesis, characterization and detection of biotic and abiotic transformation products using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and bioconversions Hugo Olvera Vargas To cite this version: Hugo Olvera Vargas. Study on the fate of pharmaceuticals in aqueous media : synthesis, character- ization and detection of biotic and abiotic transformation products using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and bioconversions. Biodiversity and Ecology. Université Paris-Est; Erasmus Mundus EteCoS3, 2014. English. NNT : 2014PEST1179. tel-01207532 HAL Id: tel-01207532 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01207532 Submitted on 1 Oct 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Joint PhD degree in Environmental Technology Docteur de l’Université Paris-Est Spécialité : Sciences et Techniques de l’Environnement Dottore di Ricerca in Tecnologie Ambientali Degree of Doctor in Environmental Technology Thèse – Tesi di Dottorato – PhD thesis Hugo Olvera-Vargas Study on the Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Aqueous Media: Synthesis, Characterization and Detection of Biotic and Abiotic Transformation Products using Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes and Bioconversions To be defended on December the 17th, 2014 In front of the PhD committee Prof. Marco Panizza Reviewer Prof. Fetah I Podvorica Reviewer Prof. Mehmet Oturan Promotor Prof. Enric Brillas Examiner Prof. Giovanni Esposito Co-promotor Hab. Dr. Eric van Hullebusch Co-promotor Prof. Dr. Ir. Piet Lens Co-promotor Erasmus Joint doctorate programme in Environmental Technology for Contaminated Solids, Soils and Sediments (ETeCoS3) Acknowledgment Akcnowledgment I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who supported me to bring this research project to fruition, making this time an unforgettable experience. First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest sense of Gratitude to my thesis director Prof. Mehmet A. Oturan, who always offered his invaluable continuous advice, encouragement and support. His wisdom, knowledge and commitment to the highest standards inspired and motivated me throughout the course of this thesis. I acknowledge my very sincere gratitude to Dr. Nihal Oturan, who has always supported me since the beginning of this very enriching experience. I very deeply appreciate all her guidance, unconditional support, wise advice, generous care, as well as all her sympathy, trust and respect. I will be eternally grateful to both, Dr. N. Oturan and Prof. M. A. Oturan, for the immense opportunity I have been given. It has been an honor and privilege to work with them during this invaluable time. I am deeply thankful to the members of the dissertation thesis committee for their inestimable interest in my work and their immeasurable advice. I would like to extend my very deep gratitude to my external advisors Prof. Enric Brillas, Dr. Didier Buisson and Dr. Giovanni Esposito, for their very warm and friendly reception during my research work in their laboratories. I am thankful for their inspiring guidance, invaluably constructive criticism and wise advice. I am sincerely grateful to them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views on a number of issues related to the project, and for their entire disposition. I express my sincere recognition to the ERASMUS Mundus program, ETeCoS3, and all its respectable members, professors and PhD fellows, for the immeasurable good experiences which have hugely contributed to my academic and personal development. I am very thankful to the Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the granted financial support during these three years of PhD work. Similarly, I express my gratitude to the Université Franco-italienne for the financial support through the Vinci program during my stay in Italy, which was obtained by Dr. Eric van Hullebusch, responsible of the ETeCoS3 program from Université Paris-est. I express my sincere gratitude. I give my worm thanks to all my colleagues whom I had the pleasure to work with during the realization of the present study. I am very grateful for all the priceless agreeable and heartwarming moments shared in and out of the working environment. Their wise advice, i Acknowledgment invaluable help and very deeply appreciated friendship, always encouraged me and rendered this period a more enjoyable experience. I am very grateful to all these outstanding people of different nationalities that I met during this “PhD trip” to Paris, Barcelona and Naples, and from whom I learned an enormous amount of precious things. I would like to thank all my dear friends and this special person for all their love and unconditional support throughout good and bad times. Their precious friendship has always been comforting and a continuous source of encouragement and motivation. They all fill my life with plenty of joy and have all my love, respect and recognition. Finally, I gratefully acknowledge the profound gratitude from my deep heart to my beloved mother, father, brother and sister, for all their unconditional love and continuous support. Everything I am and have accomplished so far is owed to them; my endless source of inspiration, encouragement, love and motivation. All my love and eternal gratitude! ii Table of Contents Table of Contents Akcnowledgment .................................................................................................................................... i Abstract ............................................................................................................................................... VII Résumé .............................................................................................................................................. VIII List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... X List of tables ....................................................................................................................................... XVI List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... XVII Chapter 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 19 1.1. Background ........................................................................................................................................... 19 1.2. Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 19 1.2.1. Problem statement and key research questions ........................................................................... 19 1.3. Research objectives .............................................................................................................................. 20 References ................................................................................................................................................... 23 Chapter 2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................ 26 2.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 26 2.2. Parent compounds and transformation products ................................................................................ 27 2.3. Occurrence and fate in the environment ............................................................................................. 27 2.4. Toxicological effects ............................................................................................................................. 29 2.5. Ecological risks of pharmaceutical metabolites in the environment ................................................... 30 2.6. The selected pharmaceuticals: Ranitidine and Furosemide ................................................................. 31 2.7. Risk assessment .................................................................................................................................... 31 2.8. Risk management ................................................................................................................................. 32 2.9. Pharmaceutical removal in water treatment systems ......................................................................... 33 2.9.1 The conventional methods ............................................................................................................. 33 2.9.2. Technologies based on AOPs ......................................................................................................... 34 2.9.3. Electrochemical technologies ........................................................................................................ 36 2.9.4.
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