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A Survey of Fruit-Feeding Insects and Their Parasitoids Occurring on Wild Olives, Olea Europaea Ssp
This article was downloaded by: [USDA National Agricultural Library] On: 11 February 2009 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 790740294] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Biocontrol Science and Technology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713409232 A survey of fruit-feeding insects and their parasitoids occurring on wild olives, Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata, in the Eastern Cape of South Africa Nolwazi Mkize a; Kim A. Hoelmer b; Martin H. Villet a a Department of Zoology & Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa b United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Unit, Newark, USA Online Publication Date: 01 January 2008 To cite this Article Mkize, Nolwazi, Hoelmer, Kim A. and Villet, Martin H.(2008)'A survey of fruit-feeding insects and their parasitoids occurring on wild olives, Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata, in the Eastern Cape of South Africa',Biocontrol Science and Technology,18:10,991 — 1004 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/09583150802450154 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150802450154 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. -
Capitulo 3 Tesis
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital.CSIC 1 Flowering phenology of invasive alien plant species compared to native 2 species in three mediterranean-type ecosystems 3 4 Oscar Godoy*1,4, David M. Richardson2, Fernando Valladares1,3 & Pilar Castro-Díez4 5 6 1 Laboratorio Internacional de Cambio Global (Linc-Global). Instituto de los Recursos 7 Naturales, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales. CSIC. Serrano 115 dpdo E-28006 8 Madrid Spain. ! 9 2 Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch 10 University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. 11 3 Departamento de Biología y Geología. Área de Biodiversidad & Conservación, 12 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, ESCET, Tulipán s/n E-28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain. 13 4 Departamento Interuniversitario de Ecología. Sección de Alcalá. Edificio de Ciencias. 14 Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. 15 16 *Correspondence author: [email protected] 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1 1 Fenología de floración de las especies de plantas exóticas invasoras en 2 tres ecosistemas mediterráneos en comparación con las especies 3 nativas. 4 5 Resumen 6 • Antecedentes y Objetivos: La fenología de floración es un componente esencial 7 del éxito de las especies invasoras, ya que una elevada fecundidad incrementa su 8 potencial invasor. Por tanto, estudiamos la relación existente entre los patrones 9 de floración de las especies invasoras y nativas en tres regiones con clima 10 mediterráneo: California, España y la Región Sudafricana de El Cabo 11 • Métodos: 227 pares de especies invasoras-nativas fueron utilizados 12 • Resultados clave: Las especies invasoras tienen diferentes patrones de floración 13 en comparación con las especies nativas en las tres regiones. -
Downloaded from Genbank (Refer to Table
COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujdigispace.uj.ac.za (Accessed: Date). ` The assessment of DNA barcoding as an identification tool for traded and protected trees in southern Africa: Mozambican commercial timber species as a case study By Ronny Mukala Kabongo Dissertation presented in the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTIAE in BOTANY in the FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: PROF MICHELLE VAN DER BANK CO-SUPERVISOR: DR. OLIVIER MAURIN January 2014 I hereby declare that this dissertation has been composed by me and work contained within unless stated otherwise, is my own. Signed: Ronny Mukala Kabongo Date: 30 January 2013 Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................... -
Sand Mine Near Robertson, Western Cape Province
SAND MINE NEAR ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE BOTANICAL STUDY AND ASSESSMENT Version: 1.0 Date: 06 April 2020 Authors: Gerhard Botha & Dr. Jan -Hendrik Keet PROPOSED EXPANSION OF THE SAND MINE AREA ON PORTION4 OF THE FARM ZANDBERG FONTEIN 97, SOUTH OF ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE Report Title: Botanical Study and Assessment Authors: Mr. Gerhard Botha and Dr. Jan-Hendrik Keet Project Name: Proposed expansion of the sand mine area on Portion 4 of the far Zandberg Fontein 97 south of Robertson, Western Cape Province Status of report: Version 1.0 Date: 6th April 2020 Prepared for: Greenmined Environmental Postnet Suite 62, Private Bag X15 Somerset West 7129 Cell: 082 734 5113 Email: [email protected] Prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity 3 Jock Meiring Street Park West Bloemfontein 9301 Cell: 083 412 1705 Email: gabotha11@gmail com Suggested report citation Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity, 2020. Section 102 Application (Expansion of mining footprint) and Final Basic Assessment & Environmental Management Plan for the proposed expansion of the sand mine on Portion 4 of the Farm Zandberg Fontein 97, Western Cape Province. Botanical Study and Assessment Report. Unpublished report prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity for GreenMined Environmental. Version 1.0, 6 April 2020. Proposed expansion of the zandberg sand mine April 2020 botanical STUDY AND ASSESSMENT I. DECLARATION OF CONSULTANTS INDEPENDENCE » act/ed as the independent specialist in this application; » regard the information contained in this -
Vegetation Survey of Mount Gorongosa
VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P.O. Box FM730, Famona, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Vegetation Survey of Mt Gorongosa, page 2 SUMMARY Mount Gorongosa is a large inselberg almost 700 sq. km in extent in central Mozambique. With a vertical relief of between 900 and 1400 m above the surrounding plain, the highest point is at 1863 m. The mountain consists of a Lower Zone (mainly below 1100 m altitude) containing settlements and over which the natural vegetation cover has been strongly modified by people, and an Upper Zone in which much of the natural vegetation is still well preserved. Both zones are very important to the hydrology of surrounding areas. Immediately adjacent to the mountain lies Gorongosa National Park, one of Mozambique's main conservation areas. A key issue in recent years has been whether and how to incorporate the upper parts of Mount Gorongosa above 700 m altitude into the existing National Park, which is primarily lowland. [These areas were eventually incorporated into the National Park in 2010.] In recent years the unique biodiversity and scenic beauty of Mount Gorongosa have come under severe threat from the destruction of natural vegetation. This is particularly acute as regards moist evergreen forest, the loss of which has accelerated to alarming proportions. -
Supporting Information
Supporting Information Mao et al. 10.1073/pnas.1114319109 SI Text BEAST Analyses. In addition to a BEAST analysis that used uniform Selection of Fossil Taxa and Their Phylogenetic Positions. The in- prior distributions for all calibrations (run 1; 144-taxon dataset, tegration of fossil calibrations is the most critical step in molecular calibrations as in Table S4), we performed eight additional dating (1, 2). We only used the fossil taxa with ovulate cones that analyses to explore factors affecting estimates of divergence could be assigned unambiguously to the extant groups (Table S4). time (Fig. S3). The exact phylogenetic position of fossils used to calibrate the First, to test the effect of calibration point P, which is close to molecular clocks was determined using the total-evidence analy- the root node and is the only functional hard maximum constraint ses (following refs. 3−5). Cordaixylon iowensis was not included in in BEAST runs using uniform priors, we carried out three runs the analyses because its assignment to the crown Acrogymno- with calibrations A through O (Table S4), and calibration P set to spermae already is supported by previous cladistic analyses (also [306.2, 351.7] (run 2), [306.2, 336.5] (run 3), and [306.2, 321.4] using the total-evidence approach) (6). Two data matrices were (run 4). The age estimates obtained in runs 2, 3, and 4 largely compiled. Matrix A comprised Ginkgo biloba, 12 living repre- overlapped with those from run 1 (Fig. S3). Second, we carried out two runs with different subsets of sentatives from each conifer family, and three fossils taxa related fi to Pinaceae and Araucariaceae (16 taxa in total; Fig. -
Insects Associated with Fruits of the Oleaceae (Asteridae, Lamiales) in Kenya, with Special Reference to the Tephritidae (Diptera)
D. Elmo Hardy Memorial Volume. Contributions to the Systematics and 135 Evolution of Diptera. Edited by N.L. Evenhuis & K.Y. Kaneshiro. Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology 12: 135–164 (2004). Insects associated with fruits of the Oleaceae (Asteridae, Lamiales) in Kenya, with special reference to the Tephritidae (Diptera) ROBERT S. COPELAND Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 USA, and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya; email: [email protected] IAN M. WHITE Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK; e-mail: [email protected] MILLICENT OKUMU, PERIS MACHERA International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya. ROBERT A. WHARTON Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 USA; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Collections of fruits from indigenous species of Oleaceae were made in Kenya between 1999 and 2003. Members of the four Kenyan genera were sampled in coastal and highland forest habitats, and at altitudes from sea level to 2979 m. Schrebera alata, whose fruit is a woody capsule, produced Lepidoptera only, as did the fleshy fruits of Jasminum species. Tephritid fruit flies were reared only from fruits of the oleaceous subtribe Oleinae, including Olea and Chionanthus. Four tephritid species were reared from Olea. The olive fly, Bactrocera oleae, was found exclusively in fruits of O. europaea ssp. cuspidata, a close relative of the commercial olive, Olea europaea ssp. europaea. Olive fly was reared from 90% (n = 21) of samples of this species, on both sides of the Rift Valley and at elevations to 2801 m. -
The Greater Addo National Park, South Africa: Biodiversity Conservation As the Basis for a Healthy Ecosystem and Human Development Opportunities
CHAPTER 39 The Greater Addo National Park, South Africa: Biodiversity Conservation as the Basis for a Healthy Ecosystem and Human Development Opportunities Graham I. H. Kerley, André F. Boshoff, and Michael H. Knight INTRODUCTION The recognition that ecosystem health is strongly linked to human welfare, and that many ecosystems have been heavily degraded under human domination — resulting in reduced capacity to support human populations — is a dominant feature of the environmental debate (e.g., Rapport et al., 1998). This has led to a search for ecosystem management strategies to maintain ecosystem health, ranging from water pollution management to disease control and sustainable resource utilization. To some extent this process has been hampered by the inability to look beyond con- ventional management strategies in order to recognize and develop new opportunities for extracting resources from ecosystems, while maintaining these systems in a healthy and functional state. This deficit is particularly apparent in rangeland ecosystems that traditionally have been used for domestic herbivore production through pastoralism, despite considerable evidence of the threats to ecosystem health that this strategy imposes (e.g., Fleischner, 1994). We present here the background of ecosystem degradation and loss of ecosystem resources due to pastoralism in the Eastern Cape Province (hereafter “Eastern Cape”) in South Africa (Figure 39.1), an area of spectacular biodiver- sity, and assess the consequences of alternate management strategies. We show how an initiative to address these problems, based on the recognition that biodiversity conservation yields tangible human development opportunities that include the full range of ecosystem services, is developing. DESERTIFICATION OF THE THICKET BIOME The Thicket Biome, one of the seven terrestrial biomes in South Africa (Low and Rebelo, 1996), is largely confined to the hot, dry valleys of the Eastern Cape, hence its alternative name of Valley Bushveld (Acocks, 1975). -
Bark Re-Growth and Wood Decay in Response to Bark Stripping for Medicinal Use
Bark re-growth and wood decay in response to bark stripping for medicinal use By Ntombizodwa Ngubeni Thesis presented in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Conservation Ecology at the Faculty of AgriSciences University of Stellenbosch Supervisor: Dr Shayne Jacobs Co-Supervisor: Prof. Thomas Seifert February, 2015 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration ` By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own original work, that I am the authorship owner thereof (unless to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Signature: Date: 13/02/2015 Copyright © 2015 Stellenbosch University All rights res ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract Plants have been used for centuries to treat a wide range of ailments in the history of all civilizations. However, a growing interest in medicinal plants requires appropriate management to prevent over-exploitation of target species. The challenge for scientists is to find equilibrium between resource exploitation and the maintenance of viable populations of target species. Sustainability of use requires an understanding of the ecological, economic and socio-cultural aspects of resource use and the interaction between these factors. This research focuses on the ecological and socio-cultural aspects required to underwrite species-specific sustainable harvesting systems for bark used for traditional medicine. The social survey conducted in the form of structured interviews with traditional healers reported 69 plant species used for medicinal purposes in the southern Cape. -
Fire-Scaping Your Garden
THE BUFFER ZONE THE MEDIUM RESISTANCE ZONE THE LOW RESISTANCE ZONE AROUND THE HOUSE IF YOU LIVE IN THE GARDEN ROUTE AREA This area should be the furthest away from the house, This should be the area between the peripheral buffer This is the area closest to the house. Indigenous species that can be planted to create a FIRESCAPING within the essential 10 metre zone. zone and the inner band (low-resistance zone) around fire-proof thicket/foresthedge include: the house. • This area must be kept free of large shrubs. It should • Plant low-growing groundcov- contain low-growing plants and groundcovers, inter- • Shrubs: Aloe arborescens IN THE FYNBOS ers with fleshy leaves that have • It is possible to plant a fynbos spersed with gravel or lawn. (Krantz Aloe), Azima tetracantha a high resistance to fire like garden here, but remember (Needle Bush), Carissa bispi- vygies (Lampranthus, Malepho- to space tall and short shrubs • Groundcovers for sunny areas nosa (Num-Num), Osteosper- Andrew Brown Andrew Colin Paterson-Jones GARDEN IN ZONES ra, Drosanthemum, Delosperma to prevent a large dense thicket include Cliffortia ferruginea, mum moniliferum (Bietou), Colin Paterson-Jones Plant your garden with a fire-resistant buffer zone on and Carpobrotus), Gazania, of continuous fuel developing Otholobium decumbens, Buddleja salviifolia the periphery, a medium resistant ring within that and Arctotis, Cliffortia ferruginea that could support a very hot Dymondia margaretae, Gazania (Sagewood), Cassine an approximately 3m wide zone of low resistant plant- and Aloe brevifolia. These need fire. Protea cynaroides spp., Helichrysum argyrophyl- Colin Paterson-Jones tetragona (Climbing Saffron), ing around the house. -
Management of Critically Endangered Renosterveld Fragments in the Overberg, South Africa
Management of Critically Endangered renosterveld fragments in the Overberg, South Africa Odette Elisabeth Curtis Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town April 2013 Supervisor: Prof. William Bond Co-supervisor: Simon Todd PLAGIARISM DECLARATION By submitting this thesis, I acknowledge that I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the thesis, save for that which is properly acknowledged, is my own. _______________________________________ Odette Curtis 2nd April 2013 DECLARATION OF FREE LICENSE I hereby: a) grant the University of Cape Town free license to reproduce the above thesis in whole or in part, for the purpose of research; b) declare that: i) the above thesis is my own unaided work, both in conception and execution, and that apart from the normal guidance from my supervisors, I have received no assistance except as stated below; ii) neither the substance nor any part of this thesis has been submitted in the past, or is being, or is to be submitted for a degree at this University or at any other University. I am now presenting the thesis for examination for the Degree of PhD. _______________________________________ Odette Curtis 2nd April 2013 Copyright © University of Cape Town All Rights Reserved DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to Philip Anthony Hockey (1956 – 2013), who helped me develop the platform on which I have built my academic career, and whose friendship is sorely missed. Drawing by Chris van Rooyen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my supervisor, Prof. William Bond, for guidance and patience and time in the field. -
Effects of Thirty-Five Years of Afforestation with Pinus Radiata on the Composition of Mesic Mountain Fynbos Near Stellenbosch
Effects of thirty-five years of afforestation with Pinus radiata on the composition of mesic mountain fynbos near Stellenbosch D.M. Richardson and B.W. van Wilgen South African Forestry Research Institute, Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre, Stellenbosch The fynbos vegetation of Biesievlei, Jonkershoek, was surveyed Introduction and described in 1945. In 1948 the catchment was afforested The Jonkershoek Forest Influences Research Station, as it was with Pinus radiata. This paper presents results of a reassessment of the vegetation in 1984 using the same then known, was established in 1935, chiefly to investigate methods that were used in 1945. Afforestation has reduced the the effects of afforestation on streamflow. Biesievlei is one cover of the vegetation (excluding P. radiata) from 75% to 20%. of seven experimental catchments that was afforested for this The total number of species was reduced by 58% from 298 to 126. At least 190 species found in 1945 were not found in 1984, purpose. A study of the fynbos vegetation of Biesievlei was and at least 18 species were added to the list. The mean plant undertaken in October - November 1945 (Rycroft 1950). This density was reduced from 260 to 78 plants m - 2. Only stream study was the first to analyze sclerophyllous fynbos vegetation bank vegetation, comprising mainly large-leaved sprouting using quantitative methods. Its main purpose was to develop shrubs, persisted in a relatively unmodified state. Away from the stream , annuals, geophytes and hemicryptophytes were methods for sampling vegetation in the fynbos but the results dominant. Dominant spe.cies in the pre-afforestation flora were provide a unique opportunity to assess the effects of afforesta not resilient to afforestation.