Bacillus Rhizosphaerae and Streptomyces Cacaoi
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Molecular Characterization of Local Strains of Bacillus Thuringiensis in the North of Algeria
Vol. 10(45), pp. 1880-1887, 7 December, 2016 DOI: 10.5897/AJMR2016.7946 Article Number: AEEEB8A61917 ISSN 1996-0808 African Journal of Microbiology Research Copyright © 2016 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJMR Full Length Research Paper Molecular characterization of local strains of Bacillus thuringiensis in the North of Algeria Kebdani M.1*, Mahdjoubi M.2, Cherif A.2, Gaouar B. N.1 and Rebiahi S. A.3 1Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Naturals Ecosystems, Ecology and Environment Department, Abu Bakr Belkaid University, Imama, Tlemcen, Algeria. 2Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization, Higher Institute for Biotechnology, University of Manouba Biotechpole of Sidi Thabet Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia. 3Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Environment, Biology Department, Abu Bakr Belkaid University, Imama, Tlemcen, Algeria. Received 1 February, 2016, Accepted 19 September, 2016. The analysis of soil samples taken from orange groves located in four cities of Northern Algeria allowed the isolation and identification of 24 strains belonging to the group Bacillus cereus, based on their physiological, biochemical and molecular characters investigated. They were divided as follow: 12 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, 1 strain of Bacillus pumilis, 4 strains of Bacillus cereus, 5 strains of Bacillus subtilis and 2 Bacillus mycoides strains. After the molecular characterization performed with the aid of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, it was confirmed from the parasporal bodies using a scanning electron microscope that the strains of the identified collection belong to the species, B. thuringiensis. Key words: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, polymerase chain reaction, scanning EM. -
Keratinases and Microbial Degradation of Keratin
Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research, 2015, 6(2):74-82 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Keratinases and microbial degradation of Keratin Itisha Singh 1 and R. K. S. Kushwaha 2 1Department of Microbiology, Saaii College of Medical Sciences and Technology, Chaubepur, Kanpur 2Shri Shakti College, Harbaspur, Ghatampur, Kanpur ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The present review deals with fungal keratinases including that of dermatophytes. Bacterial keratinases were also included. Temperature and substrate relationship keratinase production has also been discussed. Keratin degradation and industrial involvement of keratinase producing fungi is also reviewed. Key words : Keratinase, keratin, degradation, fungi. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION Keratin is an insoluble macromolecule requiring the secretion of extra cellular enzymes for biodegradation to occur. Keratin comprises long polypeptide chains, which are resistant to the activity of non-substrate-specific proteases. Adjacent chains are linked by disulphide bonds thought responsible for the stability and resistance to degradation of keratin (Safranek and Goos, 1982). The degradation of keratinous material is important medically and agriculturally (Shih, 1993; Matsumoto, 1996). Secretion of keratinolytic enzymes is associated with dermatophytic fungi, for which keratin -
Revision of Agents of Black-Grain Eumycetoma in the Order Pleosporales
Persoonia 33, 2014: 141–154 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158514X684744 Revision of agents of black-grain eumycetoma in the order Pleosporales S.A. Ahmed1,2,3, W.W.J. van de Sande 4, D.A. Stevens 5, A. Fahal 6, A.D. van Diepeningen 2, S.B.J. Menken 3, G.S. de Hoog 2,3,7 Key words Abstract Eumycetoma is a chronic fungal infection characterised by large subcutaneous masses and the pres- ence of sinuses discharging coloured grains. The causative agents of black-grain eumycetoma mostly belong to the Madurella orders Sordariales and Pleosporales. The aim of the present study was to clarify the phylogeny and taxonomy of mycetoma pleosporalean agents, viz. Madurella grisea, Medicopsis romeroi (syn.: Pyrenochaeta romeroi), Nigrograna mackin Pleosporales nonii (syn. Pyrenochaeta mackinnonii), Leptosphaeria senegalensis, L. tompkinsii, and Pseudochaetosphaeronema taxonomy larense. A phylogenetic analysis based on five loci was performed: the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), large Trematosphaeriaceae (LSU) and small (SSU) subunit ribosomal RNA, the second largest RNA polymerase subunit (RPB2), and transla- tion elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) gene. In addition, the morphological and physiological characteristics were determined. Three species were well-resolved at the family and genus level. Madurella grisea, L. senegalensis, and L. tompkinsii were found to belong to the family Trematospheriaceae and are reclassified as Trematosphaeria grisea comb. nov., Falciformispora senegalensis comb. nov., and F. tompkinsii comb. nov. Medicopsis romeroi and Pseu dochaetosphaeronema larense were phylogenetically distant and both names are accepted. The genus Nigrograna is reduced to synonymy of Biatriospora and therefore N. -
The Genus Madurella
The genus Madurella: Molecular identification and epidemiology in Sudan Elhadi Ahmed, Bakri Nour, Adam Abakar, Samirah Hamid, Ahmed Mohamadani, Mohamed Daffalla, Mogahid Mahmoud, Hisham Altayb, Marie Desnos-Ollivier, Sybren de Hoog, et al. To cite this version: Elhadi Ahmed, Bakri Nour, Adam Abakar, Samirah Hamid, Ahmed Mohamadani, et al.. The genus Madurella: Molecular identification and epidemiology in Sudan. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, 2020, 14 (7), pp.e0008420. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008420. pasteur- 03243542 HAL Id: pasteur-03243542 https://hal-pasteur.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-03243542 Submitted on 31 May 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES RESEARCH ARTICLE The genus Madurella: Molecular identification and epidemiology in Sudan 1 2 3 2 Elhadi A. AhmedID *, Bakri Y. M. Nour , Adam D. Abakar , Samirah Hamid , Ahmed 4 5 5 6 A. Mohamadani , Mohamed DaffallaID , Mogahid Mahmoud , Hisham -
Bacillus Pseudomycoides Sp. Nov. NOTE L
International Journal ofSystematic Bacteriology (1998),48,1031-1035 Printed in Great Britain Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. NOTE L. K. Nakamura Tel: + I 309681 6395. Fax: + I 3096816672. e-mail: [email protected] Microbial Properties Previous DNA relatedness studies showed that strains identified as Bacillus Research, National Center mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural groups, one being B. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified Research Service, US taxon. In the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was Department of assessed by measuring DNA relatedness and determining phenotypic Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA characteristics of an increased number of B. mycoides strains. Also determined was the second group's 165 RNA gene sequence. The 36 B. mycoides strains studied segregated into two genetically distinct groups showing DNA relatedness of about 30%; 18 strains represented the species proper and 18 the second group with intragroup DNA relatedness for both groups ranging from 70 to 100%. DNA relatedness to the type strains of presently recognized species with G+C contents of approximately 35 mol% (Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus sphaericus) ranged from 22 to 37 %. Although shown to be genetically distinct taxa, the two B. mycoides groups exhibited highly similar (98%) 165 RNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses showed that both B. mycoides and the second group clustered closely with B. cereus. Although not distinguishable by physiological and morphological characteristics, the two B. mycoides groups and B. cereus were clearly separable based on fatty acid composition. -
Monograph on Dematiaceous Fungi
Monograph On Dematiaceous fungi A guide for description of dematiaceous fungi fungi of medical importance, diseases caused by them, diagnosis and treatment By Mohamed Refai and Heidy Abo El-Yazid Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University 2014 1 Preface The first time I saw cultures of dematiaceous fungi was in the laboratory of Prof. Seeliger in Bonn, 1962, when I attended a practical course on moulds for one week. Then I handled myself several cultures of black fungi, as contaminants in Mycology Laboratory of Prof. Rieth, 1963-1964, in Hamburg. When I visited Prof. DE Varies in Baarn, 1963. I was fascinated by the tremendous number of moulds in the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn, Netherlands. On the other hand, I was proud, that El-Sheikh Mahgoub, a Colleague from Sundan, wrote an internationally well-known book on mycetoma. I have never seen cases of dematiaceous fungal infections in Egypt, therefore, I was very happy, when I saw the collection of mycetoma cases reported in Egypt by the eminent Egyptian Mycologist, Prof. Dr Mohamed Taha, Zagazig University. To all these prominent mycologists I dedicate this monograph. Prof. Dr. Mohamed Refai, 1.5.2014 Heinz Seeliger Heinz Rieth Gerard de Vries, El-Sheikh Mahgoub Mohamed Taha 2 Contents 1. Introduction 4 2. 30. The genus Rhinocladiella 83 2. Description of dematiaceous 6 2. 31. The genus Scedosporium 86 fungi 2. 1. The genus Alternaria 6 2. 32. The genus Scytalidium 89 2.2. The genus Aurobasidium 11 2.33. The genus Stachybotrys 91 2.3. The genus Bipolaris 16 2. -
25 Chrysosporium
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM 25 Chrysosporium Dongyou Liu and R.R.M. Paterson contents 25.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 197 25.1.1 Classification and Morphology ............................................................................................................................ 197 25.1.2 Clinical Features .................................................................................................................................................. 198 25.1.3 Diagnosis ............................................................................................................................................................. 199 25.2 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................................... 199 25.2.1 Sample Preparation .............................................................................................................................................. 199 25.2.2 Detection Procedures ........................................................................................................................................... 199 25.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................................................200 -
Aphanoascus Fulvescens (Cooke) Apinis
The ultimate benchtool for diagnostics. Introduction Introduction of ATLAS Introduction CLINICAL FUNGI Introduction The ultimate benchtool for diagnostics Introduction Introduction Introduction Sample pages Introduction G.S. de Hoog, J. Guarro, J. Gené, S. Ahmed, Introduction A.M.S. Al-Hatmi, M.J. Figueras and R.G. Vitale 1 ATLAS of CLINICAL FUNGI The ultimate benchtool for diagnostics Overview of approximate effective application of comparative techniques in mycology Use Strain Variety Species Genus Family Order Class Keyref Cell wall Tax Kreger & Veenhuis (191) Pore Tax Moore (198) Karyology Tax Takeo & de Hoog (1991) Co- Tax Yamada et al. (198) Carbohydrate pattern Tax eijman & Golubev (198) Classical physiology Tax Yarrow (1998) API 32C Diag Guého et al. (1994b) API-Zym Diag Fromentin et al. (1981) mole% G+C Tax Guého et al. (1992b) SSU seq Tax Gargas et al. (1995) SSU-RFLP Tax Machouart et al. (2006) LSU Diag Kurtzman & Robnett (1998) ITS seq/RFLP Diag Lieckfeldt & Seifert (2000) IGS Epid Diaz & Fell (2000) Tubulin Tax Keeling et al. (2000) Actin Tax Donnelly et al. (1999) Chitin synthase Tax Karuppayil et al. (1996) Elongation factor Diag Helgason et al. (2003) NASBA Tax Compton (1991) nDNA homology Epid Voigt et al. (199) RCA Epid Barr et al. (199) LAMP Tax Guého et al. (199) MLPA Diag Sun et al. (2010) Isoenzymes (MLEE) Epid Pujol et al. (199) Maldi-tof Diag Schrödl et al. (2012) Fish Diag Rigby et al. (2002) RLB Diag Bergmans et al. (2008) PCR-ELISA Diag Beifuss et al. (2011) Secondary metabolites Tax/Diag Frisvad & Samson (2004) SSR Epid Karaoglu et al. -
Fungal Allergy and Pathogenicity 20130415 112934.Pdf
Fungal Allergy and Pathogenicity Chemical Immunology Vol. 81 Series Editors Luciano Adorini, Milan Ken-ichi Arai, Tokyo Claudia Berek, Berlin Anne-Marie Schmitt-Verhulst, Marseille Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · New Delhi · Bangkok · Singapore · Tokyo · Sydney Fungal Allergy and Pathogenicity Volume Editors Michael Breitenbach, Salzburg Reto Crameri, Davos Samuel B. Lehrer, New Orleans, La. 48 figures, 11 in color and 22 tables, 2002 Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · New Delhi · Bangkok · Singapore · Tokyo · Sydney Chemical Immunology Formerly published as ‘Progress in Allergy’ (Founded 1939) Edited by Paul Kallos 1939–1988, Byron H. Waksman 1962–2002 Michael Breitenbach Professor, Department of Genetics and General Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg Reto Crameri Professor, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos Samuel B. Lehrer Professor, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents® and Index Medicus. Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopy- ing, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. -
Survey on the Presence of Bacterial, Fungal and Helminthic Agents in Off-Leash Dog Parks Located in Urban Areas in Central-Italy
animals Article Survey on the Presence of Bacterial, Fungal and Helminthic Agents in Off-Leash Dog Parks Located in Urban Areas in Central-Italy Valentina Virginia Ebani 1,2,*, Simona Nardoni 1 , Stefania Ciapetti 1, Lisa Guardone 1, Enrico Loretti 3 and Francesca Mancianti 1,4 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; [email protected] (S.N.); [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (L.G.); [email protected] (F.M.) 2 Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy 3 UFC Igiene Urbana, USL Toscana Centro, Viale Corsica 4, 50127 Firenze, Italy; [email protected] 4 Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Off-leash dog parks are designated, generally fenced, public spaces where dogs can move freely under the supervision of their owners. These areas, allowing animals to socialize and run free, play a fundamental role in dogs’ welfare. However, such environments may be a source of different pathogens, even zoonotic, excreted by the attending animals. The present study evaluated the occurrence of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic pathogens in off-leash dog parks located in Florence (central Italy). Yersinia spp., Listeria innocua, Toxocara canis eggs and Ancylostoma caninum/Uncinaria Citation: Ebani, V.V.; Nardoni, S.; Ciapetti, S.; Guardone, L.; Loretti, E.; stenocephala eggs were found in canine feces. Keratinophilic geophilic fungi (mostly Microsporum Mancianti, F. Survey on the Presence gypseum/A. -
Geophilic Dermatophytes and Other Keratinophilic Fungi in the Nests of Wetland Birds
ACTA MyCoLoGICA Vol. 46 (1): 83–107 2011 Geophilic dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in the nests of wetland birds Teresa KoRnIŁŁoWICz-Kowalska1, IGnacy KIToWSKI2 and HELEnA IGLIK1 1Department of Environmental Microbiology, Mycological Laboratory University of Life Sciences in Lublin Leszczyńskiego 7, PL-20-069 Lublin, [email protected] 2Department of zoology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13 PL-20-950 Lublin, [email protected] Korniłłowicz-Kowalska T., Kitowski I., Iglik H.: Geophilic dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in the nests of wetland birds. Acta Mycol. 46 (1): 83–107, 2011. The frequency and species diversity of keratinophilic fungi in 38 nests of nine species of wetland birds were examined. nine species of geophilic dermatophytes and 13 Chrysosporium species were recorded. Ch. keratinophilum, which together with its teleomorph (Aphanoascus fulvescens) represented 53% of the keratinolytic mycobiota of the nests, was the most frequently observed species. Chrysosporium tropicum, Trichophyton terrestre and Microsporum gypseum populations were less widespread. The distribution of individual populations was not uniform and depended on physical and chemical properties of the nests (humidity, pH). Key words: Ascomycota, mitosporic fungi, Chrysosporium, occurrence, distribution INTRODUCTION Geophilic dermatophytes and species representing the Chrysosporium group (an arbitrary term) related to them are ecologically classified as keratinophilic fungi. Ke- ratinophilic fungi colonise keratin matter (feathers, hair, etc., animal remains) in the soil, on soil surface and in other natural environments. They are keratinolytic fungi physiologically specialised in decomposing native keratin. They fully solubilise na- tive keratin (chicken feathers) used as the only source of carbon and energy in liquid cultures after 70 to 126 days of growth (20°C) (Korniłłowicz-Kowalska 1997). -
Enzyme Profiles and Antimicrobial Activities of Bacteria Isolated from the Kadiini Cave, Alanya, Turkey
Nihal Doğruöz-Güngör, Begüm Çandıroğlu, and Gülşen Altuğ. Enzyme profiles and antimicrobial activities of bacteria isolated from the Kadiini Cave, Alanya, Turkey. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 82, no. 2, p. 106-115. DOI:10.4311/2019MB0107 ENZYME PROFILES AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE KADIINI CAVE, ALANYA, TURKEY Nihal Doğruöz-Güngör1,C, Begüm Çandıroğlu2, and Gülşen Altuğ3 Abstract Cave ecosystems are exposed to specific environmental conditions and offer unique opportunities for bacteriological studies. In this study, the Kadıini Cave located in the southeastern district of Antalya, Turkey, was investigated to doc- ument the levels of heterotrophic bacteria, bacterial metabolic avtivity, and cultivable bacterial diversity to determine bacterial enzyme profiles and antimicrobial activities. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were quantified using spread plates. Bacterial metabolic activity was investigated using DAPI staining, and the metabolical responses of the isolates against substrates were tested using VITEK 2 Compact 30 automated micro identification system. The phylogenic di- versity of fourty-five bacterial isolates was examined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses. Bacterial communities were dominated by members of Firmicutes (86 %), Proteobacteria (12 %) and Actinobacteria (2 %). The most abundant genera were Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. The majority of the cave isolates displayed positive proteo- lytic enzyme activities. Frequency of the antibacterial activity of the isolates was 15.5 % against standard strains of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S.aureus, and methicillin-resistant S.aureus. The findings obtained from this study contributed data on bacteriological composition, frequency of antibacterial activity, and enzymatic abilities regarding possible biotechnological uses of the bacteria isolated from cave ecosytems.