CSDP Handbook
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reprint with amendments Second Edition ed. (rev.) ed. nd 2 P D CS ON ANDBOOK H ernhard Weisserth Weisserth ernhard (eds): B Jochen Rehrl, Hans- Rehrl, Jochen HANDBOOK CSDP THE COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENCE POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ISBN: 987-3-902275-34-9 HANDBOOK ON CSDP THE COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENCE POLICY OF thE EUROPEAN UNION First reprint of the second edition with amendments edited by Jochen Rehrl and Hans-Bernhard Weisserth with forewords of H.E. Catherine Ashton High Representative of the Union for the Common Foreign and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission H.E. Norbert Darabos Federal Minister of Defence and Sports of the Republic of Austria Disclaimer: Any views or opinions presented in this handbook are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the European Union or the Austrian Ministry of Defence and Sports. Imprint: First reprint of the second edition with amendments Publication of the Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports of the Republic of Austria Editors: Jochen Rehrl, Hans-Bernhard Weisserth Layout: Axel Scala, Armed Forces Printing Centre, Vienna Published by: Directorate for Security Policy of the Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports of the Republic of Austria Photos: Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports, Austrian Armed Forces, Council of the European Union, European Commission, European Defence Agency, European External Action Service, European Parliament, Jochen Rehrl, Portuguese Military Academy Picture credits for the front page: Council of the European Union, European Commission, Gerhard Simader, European External Action Service Charts/Graphs: European External Action Service, Gustav Lindstrom, Jochen Rehrl, Axel Scala, Ernst Schmid, Hans-Bernhard Weisserth Printed and bound by: Armed Forces Printing Centre, Vienna/Austria, 2013 BMLVS R 13-8567 ISBN: 987-3-902275-34-9 CONTENT 1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF CFSP AND CSDP 1.1 European Integration: post World War II to CSDP (Gustav Lindstrom) ...................................... 14 2 THE EUROPEAN SECURITY STRATEGY (ESS) 2.1 Background and Development of the ESS in 2003 (Sven Biscop) ................................................ 18 2.2 Main Themes of the ESS and Key Message for CSDP (Sven Biscop) ..........................................20 2.3 Implementing the European Security Strategy: The Challenges Ahead (Helga Schmid) ........ 23 3 EXTERNAL ActION OF thE EUROPEAN UNIOn – ROLES AND REspONSIBILITIES 3.1 European Council and its President ................................................................................................28 3.2 High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy ................................30 3.3 Overview of the main Council bodies ............................................................................................32 3.4 Role of the European Commission (Juha Auvinen) ......................................................................34 3.5 Role of the European Parliament (Gerrard Quille) .........................................................................36 3.6 European External Action Service ...................................................................................................40 3.7 Crisis Management Structures .......................................................................................................42 3.8 Agencies in the field of CSDP ........................................................................................................... 47 4 THE EU AS AN ActIVE PLAYER 4.1 CSDP Mission Spectrum - from Petersberg to Lisbon (Jochen Rehrl) ........................................54 4.2 Decision Making in the field of CSDP (Alexander Mattelaer) .......................................................57 4.3 Command and Control Options ......................................................................................................60 4.4 Civilian Missions and Military Operations ..................................................................................... 61 4.5 Financing of CSDP Actions (Ernst Schmid) ....................................................................................62 5 CIVIL-MILITARY CO-ORDINATION (CMCO) 5.1 Civil-Military Co-ordination - A Specific Requirement of the EU (Hans-Bernhard Weisserth) ..............................................................................................................66 5.2 The Lisbon Treaty – putting the comprehensive approach into practice (Walter Stevens) ......69 6 CAPABILITY-DEVELOPMENT 6.1 The rationale for European Capability Development (Hans-Bernhard Weisserth) .................... 74 6.2 Development of Civilian Capabilities (Joël Schuyer) ..................................................................... 76 6.3 Development of military capabilities (Gabor Horvath) ..................................................................79 6.4 Permanent Structured Co-operation - An Academic View (Sven Biscop) ..................................82 6.5 European Armaments Co-operation (Daniel Keohane) .................................................................84 4 HANDBOOK CSDP 7 OthER IMPORTANT CSDP-RELATED AspEcts 7.1 Co-operation with Third States and International Organisations (Helena Boguslawska) .........90 7.2 EU Strategy against the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (Anne Kemppainen) ...........................................................................................................................93 7.3 Security Sector Reform (Michaela Friberg-Storey) .......................................................................95 7.4 Human Rights and Gender Aspects (Katariina Leinonen) .............................................................98 8 TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN thE FIELD OF CSDP 8.1 The EU Training Policy and Training Concept in the field of CSDP (Dirk Dubois and Joël Schuyer) ......................................................................................................104 8.2 Role and activities of the European Security and Defence College (Dirk Dubois) ...................106 8.3 The ESDC Executive Academic Board (EAB) (Cesare Ciocca) ....................................................109 8.4 European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Officers inspired by Erasmus (Sylvain Paile) .............................................................................................. 113 8.5 Other training actors and initiatives in support of CFSP/CSDP (Pavlina Gorenc) .................... 115 9 INFORMATION POLICY IN thE FIELD OF CSDP 9.1 Communicating EU Common Security and Defence Policy - An Overview (Céline Ruiz) ....... 118 10 FUTURE PERspEctIVES OF thE CSDP 10.1 Challenges ahead – Implementing the Lisbon Treaty (Jochen Rehrl) ..................................... 124 10.2 Future Perspectives of the CSDP – An Academic View (Sven Biscop) ..................................... 126 10.3 The Future of the Common European Security and Defence Policy: Implications for Member States (Julian Lindley-French) ........................................................... 128 10.4 Future Prospects for the CSDP – A Practitioner’s View (Hans-Bernhard Weisserth) .............. 132 ANNEXES Annex 1: The European Security Strategy – A Secure Europe in a Better World, Council of the European Union ...................................................................................... 137 Annex 2: Implementation Report of the EU Security Strategy ................................................... 153 Annex 3: Internal Security Strategy for the European Union ...................................................... 165 Annex 4: Lisbon Treaty – CSDP related articles (extract) ............................................................183 Annex 5: International Security and Climate Change................................................................... 193 Annex 6: Authors .............................................................................................................................205 HANDBOOK CSDP 5 LIst OF ABBREVIATIONS A CTBTO Comprehensive Nuclear Text Ban AFET Foreign Affairs Committee Treaty Organisation (Abbreviation in French) AMB Agency Management Board D AMM ACEH Monitoring Mission DAC Development Assistance ASSET Association for Security Sector Committee (OECD) Education and Training DCI Development Co-operation AU African Union Instrument DDR Disarmament, Demobilisation C and Reintegration CAAC Children Affected by Armed DG Directorate General Conflict DGEUMS Director General of the EU CBRN Chemical, Biological, Military Staff Radiological and Nuclear DPKO Department for Peace-Keeping CDP Capability Development Plan Operations (UN) CEUMC Chairperson of the EUMC DSACEUR Deputy Supreme Allied CFSP Common Foreign and Security Commander for Europe (NATO) Policy CIVCOM Committee for Cvivilian Aspects E of Crisis Management EAC European Armament CMC Crisis Management Concept Co-operation CMCO Civil-Military Co-ordination EATC European Air Transport CMPD Crisis Management and Planning Command Directorate EC European Commission COARM Working Party on Conventional ECHO Humanitarian Aid and Civil Arms Exports Protection Directorate General COASI Asia-Oceania Working Party EDA European Defence Agency COEST Working Party on Eastern Europe EDF European Development Fund and Central Asia EDTIB European Defence Technological COHOM Working Party on Human Rights and Industrial Base CONOP Working Party on Non- EEAS European External Action Service Proliferation EP European Parliament