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Title the Revitalization of Waqf Institutions As an Islamic Social The Revitalization of Waqf Institutions as an Islamic Social Title Welfare System:A Case Study in Malaysia( Dissertation_全文 ) Author(s) Nur, Izzati Binti Mohamad Norzilan Citation 京都大学 Issue Date 2019-03-25 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/doctor.k21902 Right 許諾条件により本文は2020-04-01に公開 Type Thesis or Dissertation Textversion ETD Kyoto University A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Area Studies The Revitalization of Waqf Institutions as an Islamic Social Welfare System: A Case Study in Malaysia イスラーム型社会福祉システムとしてのワクフ 制度の再生―マレーシアの事例から― Nur Izzati Binti Mohamad Norzilan March 2019 Doctor of Area Studies A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Area Studies The Revitalization of Waqf Institutions as an Islamic Social Welfare System: A Case Study in Malaysia イスラーム型社会福祉システムとしてのワクフ 制度の再生―マレーシアの事例から― Nur Izzati Binti Mohamad Norzilan Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies Kyoto University March 2019 Table of Content Introduction .................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Market Economy and Gift Economy ................................................................... 7 A) Polanyi ............................................................................................................ 9 B) Karl Polanyi Forms Integration Theory .......................................................... 10 C) Waqf Revitalization – Waqf based Social Welfare ........................................... 13 1.2 Economic Rules in the Sharī‘a, or the Islamic Law ........................................... 17 1.2.2 Basic Principles of Islamic Economics ....................................................... 18 1.3 Developments of Modern Islamic Economics ................................................... 20 1.3.1 The Concept of Economic Development .................................................... 21 1.3.2 Elements of Development .......................................................................... 24 1.3.3 Bases of Development ................................................................................ 25 1.3.4 Development Policy Goals ......................................................................... 27 1.4 Islamic Economy and Capitalism ...................................................................... 29 1.4.1 Capitalism .................................................................................................. 29 1.4.2 Islam and capitalism ................................................................................... 31 Chapter 2 .................................................................................................................... 35 The Development of Islamic Economy in Malaysia..................................................... 35 2.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 35 2.1 Restructuring the Malaysian Economic System ................................................. 35 2.1.1 New Economic Policy (1970 – 1980) ......................................................... 37 2.2 The Development of the Modern Economy in Malaysia .................................... 39 2.2.1 Tun Mahathir Mohamad Regime ................................................................ 39 1. Vision 2020 (Wawasan 2020) ........................................................................ 40 1 2. Look East Policy (Dasar Pandang KeTimur) .................................................. 41 3. The Islamization of Malaysian Economics by Mahathir Mohamad ............. 41 2.2.2 Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi Regime ........................................................ 42 2.3 The Development of an Islamic Economy in Malaysia ...................................... 44 2.4 The Development of Islamic Banking and Finance ........................................... 47 2.5 The Development of Waqf Institutions .............................................................. 52 2.5.1 Yayasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Islam Malaysia (YPEIM) or the Foundation of Islamic Economic Development Malaysia (FIEDM) ............................................ 53 2.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 54 Chapter 3 .................................................................................................................... 57 Theory and Practice of Waqf in Islamic Economics ..................................................... 57 3.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 57 3.1 Introduction to the Concept of Waqf ................................................................ 57 3.2 Development of the Waqf System ...................................................................... 60 3.2.2 History of Waqf in Malaysia ....................................................................... 60 3.3 Legal Framework and Waqf Governance Structure in Malaysia ......................... 63 3.4 Waqf and Malaysian Society ............................................................................. 66 3.5 Revitalization of Waqf in Malaysia .................................................................... 68 a. Cash waqf ...................................................................................................... 70 b. Corporate waqf .............................................................................................. 71 c. Islamic capital market .................................................................................... 72 3.5.2 Empowerment of Waqf in Malaysia ............................................................ 73 3.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 76 Chapter 4 .................................................................................................................... 79 2 Waqf Perak Ar-Ridzuan, Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Perak (MAIPk) .......................... 79 4.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 79 4.1 History Background Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Perak (MAIPk)...................... 79 4.1.1 Roles and Responsibilities of Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Perak (MAIPk) . 81 4.2 Waqf Perak Ar-Ridzuan (WPAR) ....................................................................... 82 4.3 The Waqf Practice of WPAR ............................................................................. 84 4.3.1 Religion ..................................................................................................... 84 4.3.2 Health ........................................................................................................ 85 4.3.3 Economy .................................................................................................... 85 4.3.4 Education ................................................................................................... 86 4.4 Waqf Practice and model of Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Perak (MAIPk)........... 87 4.5 Issues and Challenges ....................................................................................... 91 4.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 93 Chapter 5 .................................................................................................................... 95 Perbadanan Waqf Selangor (PWS) by the Majlis Agama Islam Selangor (MAIS) ........ 95 5.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 95 5.1 History Background of Majlis Agama Islam Selangor (MAIS) .......................... 95 5.2 Perbadanan Wakaf Selangor (PWS) .................................................................. 96 5.3 The Management and Practices of Majlis Agama Islam Negeri ......................... 97 Chapter 6 .................................................................................................................. 104 Kumpulan Waqf an-Nur by Johor Corporation ........................................................... 104 6.0 Introduction .................................................................................................... 104 6.1 Overview of the Corporate Waqf Concept ....................................................... 104 6.2 The Background of Johor Corporation (JCorp)................................................ 105 3 6.3 The Background of Kumpulan Waqf An-Nur Corporation (WANCorp) ........... 106 6.4 The Corporate Waqf Practices of Kumpulan Waqf An-Nur (WANCorp) .......... 108 6.4.1 The Distribution of KWAN ...................................................................... 112 6.5 Outcome from the Case Study ......................................................................... 115 7. Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 120 Appendix .................................................................................................................. 123 Bibliography ............................................................................................................. 126 4 Introduction Islamic economics has emerged since the early nineteenth century and has grown over the years in many countries. Studies on Islamic economics are also increasing all over the world. These studies are no less important
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