REGIONAL KINGDOMS OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Regional Kingdom Ruler Significance Hyderabad Chin Qilich  He carved the state of Hyderabad Khan  He appointed mansabdars and gave jagirs (Nizam-ul-Mulk without permission of the Mughal king Asaf Jah)  Successors were called Nizams. Awadh Saadat Khan  Suppressed rebellious zamindars (1722)  Reformed the revenue system Governor  Combined office of subdar(political head), faujdar(military head) and diwan(revenue head). Bengal Murshid Quli  Murshidabad was his capital Khan  Improved agriculture, trade and industry (Governor)  Poor farmer were given loans Succeeded by: Shuja-ud-Din Alivardi Khan Siraj- ud – Daulah

Rohilkhand Ali Muhammad  often clashed with Awadh, , Jats khan and Marathas to expand territory Bharatpur under the Churaman  Jats were farmers who lived around Delhi, Jats Badan Singh and .  After Suraj Mal’s death the area was divided among subedars Mysore Hyder Ali -  Improved condition of farmers and crushed 1761 rebellious zamindars.  Modernised the army with the help of the French  Defeated the British forces in the First Anglo- Mysore War.

Tipu Sultan -  Depply influenced by the French Revolution. 1782  Modern weapons and built a navy. (Tiger of  Introduced modern industries in India. mysore) Sawai Raja Jai  Encouraged teaching and learning of science Singh  Jaipur was the capital  Built observatories in Delhi, Jaipur, Mathura and Benaras. Punjab and Sikhs Banda Bahadur  Sikhs were organised into political groups called misls.  Each misl had a ruler who faught against other misls.  Maharaja Ranjit Singh united all the misls.