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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Manual De Referencia

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Manual De Referencia Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Manual de referencia Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4: Manual de referencia Copyright © 2005 por Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Inc. 1801 Varsity Drive Raleigh NC 27606-2072USA Teléfono: +1 919 754 3700 Teléfono: 888 733 4281 Fax: +1 919 754 3701 PO Box 13588 Re- search Triangle Park NC 27709 USA rhel-rg(ES)-4-Print-RHI (2004-09-30T17:13) Copyright © 2005 por Red Hat, Inc. Este material solamente se distribuye bajo los términos y condiciones establecidas en la Open Publication License, V1.0 o versiones posteriores (la última versión está disponible en http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). Los derechos de autor del propietario prohiben la distribución de versiones de este documento sustancialmente modificadas sin un permiso explícito. La distribución del producto o una copia del mismo en forma de libro con fines comerciales está prohibida a menos que se obtenga permiso previo del propietario de los derechos de autor. Red Hat y el logo "Shadow Man" de Red Hat, son marcas registradas de Red Hat, Inc. en los Estados Unidos y otros países. Todas las demás marcas referenciadas aquí son propiedad de sus respectivos dueños. La marca de GPG de la clave [email protected] es: CA 20 86 86 2B D6 9D FC 65 F6 EC C4 21 91 80 CD DB 42 A6 0E Tabla de contenidos Introducción .........................................................................................................................................i 1. Cambios realizados en este manual .......................................................................................i 2. Información específica a la arquitectura ...............................................................................ii 3. Cómo encontrar la documentación apropiada.......................................................................ii 3.1. Documentación para usuarios principiantes de Linux...........................................ii 3.2. Para los más experimentados ................................................................................ iv 3.3. Documentación para gurús de Linux .................................................................... iv 4. Convenciones del documento ............................................................................................... v 5. Active su suscripción ..........................................................................................................vii 5.1. Proporcione un nombre de conexión a Red Hat .................................................viii 5.2. Proporcione su número de suscripción ...............................................................viii 5.3. Conecte su sistema..............................................................................................viii 6. Uso del ratón......................................................................................................................viii 7. Copiar y pegar un texto con X .............................................................................................ix 8. Y además..............................................................................................................................ix 8.1. Necesitamos su opinión ........................................................................................ix I. Referencia del sistema......................................................................................................................i 1. Proceso de arranque, inicio y cierre del sistema................................................................... 1 1.1. Proceso de arranque ............................................................................................... 1 1.2. Vista detallada del proceso de arranque................................................................. 1 1.3. Ejecutar programas adicionales en el momento de arranque................................. 6 1.4. Niveles de ejecución de SysV Init ......................................................................... 7 1.5. Apagar.................................................................................................................... 8 2. El gestor de arranque GRUB .............................................................................................. 11 2.1. Gestores de arranque y arquitectura del sistema.................................................. 11 2.2. GRUB................................................................................................................... 11 2.3. Instalación de GRUB ........................................................................................... 13 2.4. Terminología de GRUB ....................................................................................... 13 2.5. Interfaces de GRUB ............................................................................................. 15 2.6. Comandos de GRUB............................................................................................ 16 2.7. Archivo de configuración de menú de GRUB ..................................................... 18 2.8. Cambiar los niveles de ejecución en el tiempo de arranque ................................ 19 2.9. Recursos adicionales............................................................................................ 20 3. Estructura del sistema de archivos ...................................................................................... 21 3.1. Por qué compartir una estructura común ............................................................. 21 3.2. Vista preliminar del estándar de jerarquía del sistema de archivos (FHS) .......... 21 3.3. Ubicaciones de archivos especiales bajo Red Hat Enterprise Linux ................... 26 4. El directorio sysconfig .................................................................................................... 29 4.1. Archivos en el directorio /etc/sysconfig/ .................................................... 29 4.2. Directorios en el directorio /etc/sysconfig/................................................. 42 4.3. Recursos adicionales............................................................................................ 43 5. El sistema de archivos /proc ............................................................................................. 45 5.1. Sistema de archivos virtual .................................................................................. 45 5.2. Archivos de alto nivel en el sistema de archivos proc........................................ 46 5.3. Directorios en /proc/......................................................................................... 62 5.4. Uso del comando sysctl.................................................................................... 81 5.5. Recursos adicionales............................................................................................ 81 6. Usuarios y grupos ............................................................................................................... 83 6.1. Herramientas de administración de usuarios y grupos ........................................ 83 6.2. Usuarios estándar................................................................................................. 84 6.3. Grupos estándar ................................................................................................... 85 6.4. Grupos de usuario privado ................................................................................... 87 6.5. Contraseñas Shadow ............................................................................................ 88 6.6. Recursos adicionales............................................................................................ 89 7. El Sistema X Window......................................................................................................... 91 7.1. El lanzamiento X11R6.8...................................................................................... 91 7.2. Entornos de escritorio y gestores de ventanas ..................................................... 92 7.3. Archivos de configuración del servidor X ........................................................... 93 7.4. Fuentes ............................................................................................................... 100 7.5. Niveles de ejecución y X ................................................................................... 103 7.6. Recursos adicionales.......................................................................................... 104 II. Referencia de servicios de red................................................................................................... 107 8. Interfaces de red................................................................................................................ 109 8.1. Archivos de configuración de red ...................................................................... 109 8.2. Archivos de configuración de interfaz ............................................................... 110 8.3. Scripts de control de interfaz ............................................................................. 117 8.4. Archivos de funciones de red............................................................................. 118 8.5. Recursos adicionales.......................................................................................... 118 9. Sistema de archivos de red (NFS)..................................................................................... 121 9.1. Funcionamiento.................................................................................................
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