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SO De Xarxes D'àrea Local Gestió de xarxes d’àrea local TEMA 3: S.O. De Xarxes d'Àrea Local Introducció SO de Xarxes 3 Introducció......................................................................................................................4 3.0 Instal·lació d'un SO Lan..........................................................................................4 3.0.1 Instal·lació de Linux .......................................................................................5 3.0.1.1 Instal·lació amb els Cds o el DVD..........................................................5 3.0.1.2 sense Cds.................................................................................................5 3.1 Instal·lació d’una LAN............................................................................................6 3.1.1 LAN en DOS...................................................................................................6 3.1.2 LAN en Windows...........................................................................................7 3.1.21 Configuració TCP/IP des de consola......................................................13 3.1.3 LAN en Linux...............................................................................................14 3.1.3.1 LAN sense fils en Linux........................................................................18 3.2 Configuració automàtica de xarxes.......................................................................21 3.2.1 Bootstrap protocol.........................................................................................21 3.2.2 DHCP............................................................................................................22 3.2.3 Configuració de DHCP en Linux..................................................................23 3.2.4 Configuració de DHCP en Windows............................................................24 3.3 Usuaris..................................................................................................................25 3.3.1 Windows 2000/XP........................................................................................28 3.3.2 Linux / Unix..................................................................................................29 3.3.3 Contrasenyes.................................................................................................30 3.3.4 Dominis.........................................................................................................32 3.3.5 NIS................................................................................................................33 3.2.5.1 Configuració del servidor......................................................................33 3.2.5.1.1 Configuració del servidor en Mandriva.........................................33 3.2.5.1.2 Configuració del servidor en Ubuntu............................................34 3.2.5.2 Configuració dels clients.......................................................................35 3.2.5.2.1 Configuració en Mandriva.............................................................35 3.2.5.2.2 Configuració en Ubuntu................................................................35 3.2.5.3 Comprovar el funcionament..................................................................36 3.2.5.4 Servidors esclaus...................................................................................36 3.3.6 Serveis de directori........................................................................................38 3.3.7 OpenLDAP....................................................................................................40 3.3.7.1 Instal·lació d'un servidor OpenLDAP...................................................43 3.3.7.1.1 Instal·lació del servidor en Ubuntu................................................43 3.3.7.1.2 Instal·lació del servidor en Fedora.................................................44 3.3.7.1.3 Entrada de dades ...........................................................................46 3.3.7.1.4 Gestió de LDAP.............................................................................47 3.3.7.2 Instal·lació dels clients...........................................................................48 3.3.7.2.1 Configuració del client en Fedora..................................................48 3.3.7.2.2 Configuració del client en Ubuntu.................................................48 3.3.7.2.2 Configuració del client en Ubuntu 2..............................................49 3.3.7.3 Comprovació de la instal·lació.........................................................50 3.3.8 Active Directory de Windows.......................................................................51 3.3.8.1 Instal·lació d’un controlador de Domini d’Active Directory ...............52 3.3.8.2 Afegir un client en un Domini d’Active Directory ..............................58 3.3.8.3 Iniciar-se en el domini...........................................................................60 3.3.8.4 Iniciar-se en el Domini des de Linux....................................................61 1 Gestió de xarxes d’àrea local 3.3.8.5 Fer servir Samba com a DC de Windows.............................................66 3.4 Compartició d’arxius............................................................................................67 3.4.1 Compartició en Windows: NetBIOS.............................................................67 3.4.2 Compartició de fitxers Windows-Linux: SAMBA.......................................76 3.4.3 Compartició de fitxers Unix: NFS................................................................79 3.4.3.1 NFS en Linux........................................................................................79 3.5 Compartició d’impressores...................................................................................83 3.5.1 Compartir impressores en Windows.............................................................83 3.5.2 Compartir impressores en Linux...................................................................84 3.5.2.1 Impressió des de la línia de comandes..................................................84 3.5.2.2 CUPS.....................................................................................................84 3.5.3 CUPS.............................................................................................................87 3.5.3.1.1 CUPS i Windows 9x......................................................................89 3.5.3.1.1 CUPS i Windows 2000, XP o Vista..............................................91 3.6 Servidors per administració remota......................................................................93 3.6.1 Telnet.............................................................................................................93 3.6.1.1 Client de Telnet.....................................................................................93 3.6.2 SSH...............................................................................................................93 3.6.2.1 Instal·lació d'un servidor........................................................................93 3.6.2.2 Client ssh...............................................................................................95 3.6.2.2.1 dsh un client ssh distribuït.............................................................97 3.6.2.2.1 Clients gràfics................................................................................98 3.6.3 Administració remota gràfica........................................................................99 3.6.3.1 VNC.......................................................................................................99 3.6.3.1.1 Instal·lació en Unix......................................................................100 3.6.3.2 NX.......................................................................................................101 3.6.3.2.1 Instal·lació del servidor a Ubuntu Feisty.....................................101 3.7 Configuració de servidors web...........................................................................105 3.7.1 Introducció..................................................................................................105 3.7.2 Apache web server......................................................................................106 3.7.2.1 Instal·lació d’Apache...........................................................................107 3.7.2.2 Configuració d'Apache........................................................................108 3.7.2.2.1 Pàgines personals.........................................................................110 3.7.2.2.2 Virtual Hosting............................................................................111 3.7.2.2.3 Protecció de directoris amb contrasenya.....................................114 3.7.2.2.4 Configuració de SSL....................................................................116 3.7.3 IIS................................................................................................................118 3.7.2.1 Instal·lació de IIS.................................................................................118 3.7.2.2 Configuració de IIS.............................................................................120 3.7.2.2.1 Protecció de directoris amb contrasenya.....................................121 3.7.2.2.2 Configuració de SSL....................................................................123 3.7.4 Lighttpd.......................................................................................................129
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