DOCSLIB.ORG

Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae) Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 59 (2015) 301–306 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE Entomologia A Journal on Insect Diversity and Evolution w ww.rbentomologia.com Systematics, Morphology and Biogeography Immature stages of Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae) a,∗ b a Lucy Mila Garcia Salik , Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite , Fernando Maia Silva Dias , a a Mirna Martins Casagrande , Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke a Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil b Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: The external morphology and biology of the immature stages of Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]) Received 12 August 2014 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) recorded on Dalechampia triphylla (Euphorbiaceae) in Curitiba, Accepted 4 August 2015 Paraná, Brazil are described. Morphological characters are illustrated and described, as a result of obser- Available online 1 October 2015 vations in scanning electron, stereoscope and optical microscopes, the last two attached to a camera Associate Editor: Luis Parra lucida. Results are compared and discussed with immature stages of other species of Biblidinae. © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open Keywords: Bionomy access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Life cycle Neotropical Papilionoidea Introduction on the ventral side of the hind wing (Jenkins, 1983). Immatures are associated to plants of the genus Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) Hamadryas Hübner, [1806] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblid- (D’Almeida, 1922; Costa Lima, 1936; Armbruster, 1982, 1983; inae) encompasses 20 species and 33 subspecies (Lamas, 2004); Jenkins, 1983; Neild, 1996; Canals, 2003; Pastrana, 2004). Females these butterflies are popularly known as crackers, due to the are similar to males, but frequently with larger size and forewings characteristic noise some species produce while flying (Jenkins, with a more rounded shape (Figs. 1–4) (Jenkins, 1983). 1983; Otero, 1991; Monge-Nájera, 1992, 1995; Monge-Nájera and Despite the large amount of data on the geographic distri- Hernández, 1993; Monge-Nájera et al., 1998; Yack et al., 2000; bution and host plants found in the literature (Jenkins, 1983; Marini-Filho and Benson, 2010; Murillo-Hiller, 2011). They are DeVries, 1987; Neild, 1996; Pastrana, 2004; Contreras Chialchia restricted to the Americas and occur in tropical and subtropi- and Contreras Roqué, 2010), currently there is information on cal forests, savannas, arid and semi-arid lands (Jenkins, 1983). the morphology and biology of immature stages of only eight Hamadryas fornax (Hübner, [1823]) has two recognized subspecies species: H. feronia feronia (Linnaeus, 1758), (D’Almeida, 1922); H. (Lamas, 2004): H. fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]) with South amphinome amphinome (Linnaeus, 1767) (D’Almeida, 1922; Müller, American distribution from Venezuela to Argentina and H. fornax 1886; Muyshondt and Muyshondt, 1975a); H. fornax fornax (Hüb- fornacalia (Fruhstorfer, 1907) distributed from the South of United ner, [1823]) (Müller, 1886); H. februa februa (Hübner, [1823]) States to the Northern part of Colombia and Venezuela (DeVries, (Comstock and Vasquez Garcia, 1961; D’Almeida, 1922; Muyshondt 1987; Jenkins, 1983; Neild, 1996; Lamas, 2004). and Muyshondt, 1975b; Young, 1974); H. arete (Doubleday, 1847) Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]) usually perches (Müller, 1886); H. guatemalena guatemalena (H. W. Bates, 1864) upside down on tree trunks on valleys of rivers and clearings in for- (Muyshondt and Muyshondt, 1975c) and H. epinome (C. Felder est habitats and despite its similarity with the other species of the & R. Felder, 1867) (Müller, 1886; D’Almeida, 1922; Leite et al., genus, it is distinguished by its forewing on the ventral surface with 2012b). the proximal area of the discal cell presenting white or grayish- It is widely known that data on the immature stages are impor- white coloration, rarely pale-yellow and the mustard coloration tant for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Lepidoptera (Freitas et al., 1997; Freitas and Brown, 2004); therefore this study aims to provide information and extend the knowledge on the subfamily ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (L.M.G. Salik). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.08.002 0085-5626/© 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 302 L.M.G. Salik et al. / Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 59 (2015) 301–306 Figs. 1–4. Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]). 1, 2. Male: 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view; 3, 4. Female: 3, dorsal view; 4, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm. Biblidinae by describing the external morphology and the biology same color of the pronotal plate. Body translucent yellowish ochre, of the immature stages of H. fornax fornax. with rounded white spots regularly distributed on the dorsal and lateral areas. Numerous spiniform or clavate black setae distributed along the body, most of them on chalazae. Bases of all black setae Material and methods forming circular blackened areas interspersed with white rounded ◦ areas. Spiracles of T1 and A8 elliptical and similar; other spiracles Eggs were collected in the Parque Municipal Barigui (25 25 S, ◦ smaller and rounded. After the eclosion, the larvae are not gregar- 49 18 W, 910 m), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, along with branches ious, and feed independently. Chaetotaxy is given by Figs. 19–21. of the host plant Dalechampia triphylla Lam. (Euphorbiaceae) Head capsule: width: 0.65 mm; height: 0.68 mm. Average length and reared in laboratory (Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera of the larva before molting: 5 mm. Average duration: 3 days (n = 9). Neotropical at the Universidade Federal do Paraná). Laboratory pro- cedures, such as the maintenance of the samples and the host plant, preparation and observation of the structures using stereoscopic Second instar (Figs. 11, 23) microscope, drawings, photographs, scanning electron microscopy Head capsule black. Epicranium with a pair of short truncated and terminology follows Leite et al. (2012b) and other recent stud- dorsal scoli. Setae on lateral and lateroventral regions of the epi- ies on immatures of Biblidinae (Leite et al., 2012a, 2014). Voucher cranium on cream-colored chalazae. Prothorax yellow ochre, with specimens are deposited at the Colec¸ ão Entomológica Pe. Jesus black and distally creamy white scoli. Remaining segments olive Santiago Moure; Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, brown with a narrow yellow ochre lateral band in A1–A10, at the Brazil. level of the supraventral setae. Thorax and abdomen with subdor- sal black and distally creamy white scoli on T2, T3, A7 and A8, Results remaining scoli translucent yellow. Head capsule: width: 1.04 mm, height: 0.95 mm. Length of the Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]) (Figs. 1–29) dorsal protuberance: 0.44 mm. Average length of the larva before molting: 6 mm. Average duration: 3 days (n = 8). Egg (Figs. 5–9) Elliptical, with several irregular carinae and flattened on the bot- Third instar (Figs. 12, 24) tom pole. Uniformly pearly white in color. Micropilar region on the Head capsule black; dorsal scoli longer than the previous instar, upper pole in the center of a round and slightly concave area. blackened and with spiniform setae. Thorax and abdomen with the Oviposition is normally gregarious; the eggs are laid on the same coloration of the head, except for the yellow ochre supraven- upper side of the host plant Dalechampia triphylla, one on top of tral and ventral areas. Most of the thoracic and abdominal scoli each other, the first instar hatch laterally. black, except for some lateral translucent yellow scoli from A3 to Diameter: 1.01 mm. Average duration: 8 days (n = 15). A6. Head capsule: width: 1.63 mm; height: 1.66 mm. Length of the First instar (Figs. 10, 19–22) dorsal protuberance: 2.7 mm. Average length of the larva before Head rounded, black, and without scoli. Frons ventrally delim- molting: 13.5 mm. Average duration: 4 days (n = 7). ited by the clypeus, which appears as a sclerotized transverse band. Labrum bilobed. Mandibles strongly sclerotized with a serrated cut- ting edge. Six stemmata latero-ventrally, 1–4 and 6 arranged in Fourth instar (Figs. 13, 25) semi-circle and 5 ventrally, and closer to the base of the antenna. Head capsule similar to the previous instar. Prothorax anteri- Pronotal plate black and divided, forming two sub-rectangular orly reddish-brown, with black pronotal plate. Dorsally, two pairs plates, with four pairs of setae on chalazae. Thoracic legs with the of yellow longitudinal bands from T2 to A9. Reddish-brown band L.M.G. Salik et al. / Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 59 (2015) 301–306 303 Figs. 5–18. Hamadryas fornax fornax (Hübner, [1823]). 5–9. Egg: 5, SEM lateral view; 6, SEM lateral view of the egg-laying; 7, lateral view; 8, dorsal view; 9, lateral view of the egg-laying. 10–15. Larvae: 10, 1st instar; 11, 2nd instar; 12, 3rd instar; 13, 4th instar; 14, 5th instar lateral view; 15, 5th instar dorsal view. 16–18. Pupae: 16, ventral view; 17, dorsal view; 18, lateral view. SEM – Scanning Electronic Microscopy. Scale bars Figs. 7–8: 0.5 mm, Fig. 9: 1 mm. laterally disposed on T2 and T3 and on the abdominal segments at tudinal bands and an orange lateral band from the spiracular to the the level of the supraventral setae. ventral area. Abdominal legs orange. Head capsule: width: 1.8 mm, height: 1.7 mm. Length of the Head capsule: width: 3.4 mm, height: 3.2 mm. Length of the dorsal protuberance: 3.2 mm. Average length of the larva before dorsal protuberance: 6.38 mm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Industrial Melanism" Debate
    Rev. Biol. Trop., 46(2): 297-330, 1998 Spatial distribution, territoriaiity and sound production by tropical cryptic buUerflies (Hamadryas, Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): implications forthe· '''industrial melanism" debate 2 Julián Monge-Nájera 1, Francisco Hernández María Isabel González 3, Javier Soley 4, José Araya4 and Stefano Zolla 5 Centro de Investigación Académica, UNED, Costa Rica. Mailing address: Biología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica; fax (506)2075550; [email protected]. 2 Unidad de Microscopia Electrónica, 3 Escuela de Estadística, 4 Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica 5 Centro Intemazionale Crocevia, Via Ferraironi 88G, 00172, Roma, ltaly. Received 23-V-1997. Corrected 19-1I-1998. Accepted 13-1I1-1998. Absh:act: Neotropical buttert1ies of the genus Hamadryas, noted by the emission of sound, spend much lime perching on trees and are believed 10 be cryptically pattemed and colored with respecI lo Iree trunks and branches ¡hey use asperching siles, bul ¡he subject had not been studied previously. This paper describes spatial distribution, territoriality¡¡nd sound production in five species, under natural conditions: Hamadryas amphinome (Lucas, 1853), H. februa (Godart, 1824), H. feronia (Fruhstorfer, 1916), H. glaucollome (Bates, 1864) andH. guatemalena (Bates, ! 864). Tree characteristics anduse by bunerflies were recorded under natural conditions in open habitats (grassland thinly eovered with trees) in Costa Riea and Panama, avoidíng the problems thal affected previous natural selection studies in Biston betularía (the "industrial melanism" moth). Males perched on the trees and used Ihem as courting territories. The butterflies perched more oflen on sorne individual trees, and dia no! use olhers.
    [Show full text]
  • Dalechampia COM ÊNFASE EM Dalechampia Sect
    RAFAELA ALVES PEREIRA DA SILVA FILOGENIA E TAXONOMIA DE Dalechampia COM ÊNFASE EM Dalechampia sect. Dalechampia, Euphorbiaceae RECIFE 2019 I RAFAELA ALVES PEREIRA DA SILVA FILOGENIA E TAXONOMIA DE Dalechampia COM ÊNFASE EM Dalechampia sect. Dalechampia, Euphorbiaceae Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutora em Botânica. Orientadora: Profª. Dra. Margareth Ferreira de Sales Deptº de Biologia, Área de Botânica/UFRPE Co-orientadores: Dra. Sarah Maria Athiê-Souza Profº. Dr. Luís Gustavo Rodrigues de Souza Colaborador: Dr. Scott Armbruster Profº. Dr. André Laurênio de Melo RECIFE 2019 II Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas da UFRPE Biblioteca Central, Recife-PE, Brasil S586f Silva, Rafaela Alves Pereira da. Filogenia e taxonomia de Dalechampia com ênfase em Dalechampia sect. Dalechampia, Euphorbiaceae / Rafaela Alves Pereira da Silva. – Recife, 2019. 335 f.: il. Orientador(a): Margareth Ferreira de Sales. Coorientador(a): Sarah Maria Athiê-Souza Coorientador(a): Luís Gustavo Rodrigues de Souza Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Recife, BR-PE, 2019. Inclui referências e apêndice(s). 1. Dalechampiinae 2. Biogeography 3. Molecular 4. Character evolution I. Sales, Margareth Ferreira de, orient. II. Athiê-Souza, Sarah Maria, coorient. III Souza, Luís Gustavo Rodrigues de, coorient. IV. Título CDD 581 III FILOGENIA E TAXONOMIA DE Dalechampia COM ÊNFASE EM Dalechampia sect. Dalechampia, Euphorbiaceae IV Dedico Ao Espírito Santo de Deus. Ofereço A Ednaldo José da Silva “Ignore aquele que diz: você não tem valor por isso ou por aquilo, porque eu te amo muito e torço por você”.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report for the University of Nottingham / Operation Wallacea Forest Projects, Honduras 2004
    FINAL REPORT for the University of Nottingham / Operation Wallacea forest projects, Honduras 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS FINAL REPORT FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM / OPERATION WALLACEA FOREST PROJECTS, HONDURAS 2004 .....................................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ..............................................................................................................................3 List of the projects undertaken in 2004, with scientists’ names .........................................................................4 Forest structure and composition ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Bat diversity and abundance ............................................................................................................................................ 4 Bird diversity, abundance and ecology ............................................................................................................................ 4 Herpetofaunal diversity, abundance and ecology............................................................................................................. 4 Invertebrate diversity, abundance and ecology ................................................................................................................ 4 Primate behaviour...........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • HAMADRYAS BABOON (Papio Hamadryas) CARE MANUAL
    HAMADRYAS BABOON (Papio hamadryas) CARE MANUAL CREATED BY THE AZA Hamadryas Baboon Species Survival Plan® Program IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE AZA Old World Monkey Taxon Advisory Group Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas) Care Manual Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas) Care Manual Published by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in collaboration with the AZA Animal Welfare Committee Formal Citation: AZA Baboon Species Survival Plan®. (2020). Hamadryas Baboon Care Manual. Silver Spring, MD: Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Original Completion Date: July 2020 Authors and Significant Contributors: Jodi Neely Wiley, AZA Hamadryas Baboon SSP Coordinator and Studbook Keeper, North Carolina Zoo Margaret Rousser, Oakland Zoo Terry Webb, Toledo Zoo Ryan Devoe, Disney Animal Kingdom Katie Delk, North Carolina Zoo Michael Maslanka, Smithsonian National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute Reviewers: Joe Knobbe, San Francisco Zoological Gardens, former Old World Monkey TAG Chair, SSP Vice Coordinator Hamadryas Baboon AZA Staff Editors: Felicia Spector, Animal Care Manual Editor Consultant Candice Dorsey, PhD, Senior Vice President, Conservation, Management, & Welfare Sciences Rebecca Greenberg, Animal Programs Director Emily Wagner, Conservation Science & Education Intern Raven Spencer, Conservation, Management, & Welfare Sciences Intern Hana Johnstone, Conservation, Management, & Welfare Sciences Intern Cover Photo Credits: Jodi Neely Wiley, North Carolina Zoo Disclaimer: This manual presents a compilation of knowledge provided by recognized animal experts based on the current science, practice, and technology of animal management. The manual assembles basic requirements, best practices, and animal care recommendations to maximize capacity for excellence in animal care and welfare. The manual should be considered a work in progress, since practices continue to evolve through advances in scientific knowledge.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and Patterns of Morphological Similarity Among Species from Eight Tribes of Nymphalidae
    Revista Brasileira de Entomologia http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000006 External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite1,2, Mirna Martins Casagrande1,3 & Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke1,4 1Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531–980 Curitiba-PR, Brasil. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae. The external structure of the integument of Dynamine postverta postverta (Cramer, 1779) is based on detailed morphological drawings and scanning electron microscopy. The data are compared with other species belonging to eight tribes of Nymphalidae, to assist future studies on the taxonomy and systematics of Neotropical Biblidinae. KEYWORDS. Abdomen; head; Insecta; morphology; Papilionoidea; thorax. Nymphalidae is a large cosmopolitan family of butter- served in dorsal view (Figs. 1–4). Two subspecies are recog- flies, with about 7,200 described species (Freitas & Brown nized according to Lamas (2004), Dynamine postverta Jr. 2004) and is perhaps the most well documented biologi- postverta (Cramer, 1779) distributed in South America and cally (Harvey 1991; Freitas & Brown Jr. 2004; Wahlberg et Dynamine postverta mexicana d’Almeida, 1952 with a dis- al. 2005). The systematic relationships are still somewhat tribution restricted to Central America. Several species sur- unclear with respect to its subfamilies, tribes and genera, and veys and other studies cite this species as Dynamine mylitta even after more than a century of studies on these groups, (DeVries 1987; Mielke 1994; Miller et al.1999; Freitas & these relationships still seem to confuse many who set out to Brown, Jr.
    [Show full text]
  • INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a Synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a Historical Sketch
    ZOOLOGÍA-TAXONOMÍA www.unal.edu.co/icn/publicaciones/caldasia.htm Caldasia 31(2):407-440. 2009 HACIA UNA SÍNTESIS DE LOS PAPILIONOIDEA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a historical sketch JOSÉ LUIS SALINAS-GUTIÉRREZ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] CLAUDIO MÉNDEZ Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos, Ciudad Universitaria, Campus Central USAC, Zona 12. Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] MERCEDES BARRIOS Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON), Universidad de San Carlos, Avenida La Reforma 0-53, Zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] CARMEN POZO El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510; México. [email protected]. Autor responsable. RESUMEN La riqueza biológica de Mesoamérica es enorme. Dentro de esta gran área geográfi ca se encuentran algunos de los ecosistemas más diversos del planeta (selvas tropicales), así como varios de los principales centros de endemismo en el mundo (bosques nublados). Países como Guatemala, en esta gran área biogeográfi ca, tiene grandes zonas de bosque húmedo tropical y bosque mesófi lo, por esta razón es muy importante para analizar la diversidad en la región. Lamentablemente, la fauna de mariposas de Guatemala es poco conocida y por lo tanto, es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio y análisis de la composición y la diversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en Guatemala.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Gashaka Gumti National Park
    DOCTORAL THESIS Energetics and life-history of olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) in the Gashaka Gumti National Park Lodge, Emily Award date: 2012 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 Energetics and life-history of olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) in the Gashaka Gumti National Park by Emily Lodge, MBiolSci A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Department of Life Sciences University of Roehampton 2012 i ABSTRACT This thesis uses a number of novel methods to investigate how various measures of individual energetic status and condition vary within and between two troops of olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) in Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. One troop is entirely wild-feeding whilst the other supplements its diet with crop-raiding, behaviour previously suggested to provide energetic benefits. Observations of activity budgets and feeding behaviour were combined with nutritional analyses of food samples to estimate energetic intake and expenditure amongst adult female baboons.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a Coastal Plain Area in the State of Paraná, Brazil
    62 TROP. LEPID. RES., 26(2): 62-67, 2016 LEVISKI ET AL.: Butterflies in Paraná Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a coastal plain area in the state of Paraná, Brazil Gabriela Lourenço Leviski¹*, Luziany Queiroz-Santos¹, Ricardo Russo Siewert¹, Lucy Mila Garcia Salik¹, Mirna Martins Casagrande¹ and Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke¹ ¹ Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19.020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]٭ Abstract: The coastal plain environments of southern Brazil are neglected and poorly represented in Conservation Units. In view of the importance of sampling these areas, the present study conducted the first butterfly inventory of a coastal area in the state of Paraná. Samples were taken in the Floresta Estadual do Palmito, from February 2014 through January 2015, using insect nets and traps for fruit-feeding butterfly species. A total of 200 species were recorded, in the families Hesperiidae (77), Nymphalidae (73), Riodinidae (20), Lycaenidae (19), Pieridae (7) and Papilionidae (4). Particularly notable records included the rare and vulnerable Pseudotinea hemis (Schaus, 1927), representing the lowest elevation record for this species, and Temenis huebneri korallion Fruhstorfer, 1912, a new record for Paraná. These results reinforce the need to direct sampling efforts to poorly inventoried areas, to increase knowledge of the distribution and occurrence patterns of butterflies in Brazil. Key words: Atlantic Forest, Biodiversity, conservation, inventory, species richness. INTRODUCTION the importance of inventories to knowledge of the fauna and its conservation, the present study inventoried the species of Faunal inventories are important for providing knowledge butterflies of the Floresta Estadual do Palmito.
    [Show full text]
  • First Evidence for an Amazonian Insect Migration in the Butterfly Panacea Prola
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.01.277665; this version posted September 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 2 3 4 5 6 First evidence for an Amazonian insect migration in the butterfly Panacea prola 7 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) 8 9 GEOFFREY GALLICE1,2,*, RICCARDO MATTEA1, & ALLISON STOISER1 10 1Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, 7224 Boscastle Ln., Hanover, MD 21076, USA 11 2McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, 12 University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA 13 *Correspondence [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.01.277665; this version posted September 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 14 ABSTRACT 15 16 Insect migrations rival those of vertebrates in terms of numbers of migrating individuals and 17 even biomass, although instances of the former are comparatively poorly documented. This is 18 especially true in the world’s tropics, which harbor the vast majority of Earth’s insect species. 19 Understanding these mass movements is of critical and increasing importance as global climate 20 and land use change accelerate and interact to alter the environmental cues that underlie 21 migration, particularly in the tropics.
    [Show full text]
  • Classical Biocontrol: Panacea Or Pandora's Box1
    Vol. 24, Nos. 2 & 3, October 15,1983 239 Classical Biocontrol: Panacea or Pandora's Box1 FRANCIS G. HOWARTH2 Like Gaul, biological control (or biocontrol) can be divided into 3 parts: cultural practices which enhance beneficial species already present; mass rearing of selected beneficial species for release against a pest; and, what has been termed classical biocontrol, the discovery, importation and release of a foreign species with the expectation that it will control a pest population. My comments will primarily concern classical biocontrol and stem from my experience as curator of the Hawaiian insect collection at the Bishop Museum, my research on native Hawaiian ecosystems, and my concern for conservation of native and endangered species. I thank W.C. Gagne for many helpful discussions during the preparation of this paper. Classical biological control blossomed in Hawaii in the late 19th and early 20th century, when a great many animals were indiscriminantly introduced, and the method has been used with some impressive economic successes both in Hawaii and elsewhere ever since. Enthusiasm for the method has resurged during the last 2 decades, after the fall from favor of chemical pest control. I share some of the enthusiasm towards the prospects of biocontrol, and it is not my position here to belittle the impressive successes being made in the control of economic pests. However, I am alarmed by several recent treatments and reviews on classical biocontrol that have touted the method as being without environmental risks. For example, DeBach (1974) stated that ". .. no adverse effects on the ecosystem occur from biological control." Doutt (1972) called the method "environmentally safe".
    [Show full text]
  • BUTTERFLIES in Thewest Indies of the Caribbean
    PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA E-mail: [email protected]@focusonnature.com Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555 oror 302/529-1876302/529-1876 BUTTERFLIES and MOTHS in the West Indies of the Caribbean in Antigua and Barbuda the Bahamas Barbados the Cayman Islands Cuba Dominica the Dominican Republic Guadeloupe Jamaica Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Lucia Saint Vincent the Virgin Islands and the ABC islands of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curacao Butterflies in the Caribbean exclusively in Trinidad & Tobago are not in this list. Focus On Nature Tours in the Caribbean have been in: January, February, March, April, May, July, and December. Upper right photo: a HISPANIOLAN KING, Anetia jaegeri, photographed during the FONT tour in the Dominican Republic in February 2012. The genus is nearly entirely in West Indian islands, the species is nearly restricted to Hispaniola. This list of Butterflies of the West Indies compiled by Armas Hill Among the butterfly groupings in this list, links to: Swallowtails: family PAPILIONIDAE with the genera: Battus, Papilio, Parides Whites, Yellows, Sulphurs: family PIERIDAE Mimic-whites: subfamily DISMORPHIINAE with the genus: Dismorphia Subfamily PIERINAE withwith thethe genera:genera: Ascia,Ascia, Ganyra,Ganyra, Glutophrissa,Glutophrissa, MeleteMelete Subfamily COLIADINAE with the genera: Abaeis, Anteos, Aphrissa, Eurema, Kricogonia, Nathalis, Phoebis, Pyrisitia, Zerene Gossamer Wings: family LYCAENIDAE Hairstreaks: subfamily THECLINAE with the genera: Allosmaitia, Calycopis, Chlorostrymon, Cyanophrys,
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial Pseudogenes in Insect DNA Barcoding: Differing Points of View on the Same Issue
    Biota Neotrop., vol. 12, no. 3 Mitochondrial pseudogenes in insect DNA barcoding: differing points of view on the same issue Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite1,2 1Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, CP 19020, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brasil 2Corresponding author: Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite, e-mail: [email protected] LEITE, L.A.R. Mitochondrial pseudogenes in insect DNA barcoding: differing points of view on the same issue. Biota Neotrop. 12(3): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n3/en/abstract?thematic-review+bn02412032012 Abstract: Molecular tools have been used in taxonomy for the purpose of identification and classification of living organisms. Among these, a short sequence of the mitochondrial DNA, popularly known as DNA barcoding, has become very popular. However, the usefulness and dependability of DNA barcodes have been recently questioned because mitochondrial pseudogenes, non-functional copies of the mitochondrial DNA incorporated into the nuclear genome, have been found in various taxa. When these paralogous sequences are amplified together with the mitochondrial DNA, they may go unnoticed and end up being analyzed as if they were orthologous sequences. In this contribution the different points of view regarding the implications of mitochondrial pseudogenes for entomology are reviewed and discussed. A discussion of the problem from a historical and conceptual perspective is presented as well as a discussion of strategies to keep these nuclear mtDNA copies out of sequence analyzes. Keywords: COI, molecular, NUMTs. LEITE, L.A.R. Pseudogenes mitocondriais no DNA barcoding em insetos: diferentes pontos de vista sobre a mesma questão.
    [Show full text]