First Evidence for an Amazonian Insect Migration in the Butterfly Panacea Prola
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Mass Emergence of the Tropical Swallowtail Moth Lyssa Zampa (Lepidoptera: Uraniidae: Uraniinae) in Singapore, with Notes on Its Partial Life History
20 TROP. LEPID. RES., 30(1): 20-27, 2020 JAIN & TEA: Mass emergence of Lyssa zampa Mass emergence of the tropical swallowtail moth Lyssa zampa (Lepidoptera: Uraniidae: Uraniinae) in Singapore, with notes on its partial life history Anuj Jain1,2, †,‡ and Yi-Kai Tea1,3,4 1Nature Society (Singapore), 510 Geylang Road, Singapore. 2Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 3School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 4Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. †Corresponding author: [email protected]; ‡Current affiliation: BirdLife International (Asia), #01-16/17, 354Tanglin Road, Singapore Date of issue online: 5 May 2020 Electronic copies (ISSN 2575-9256) in PDF format at: http://journals.fcla.edu/troplep; https://zenodo.org; archived by the Institutional Repository at the University of Florida (IR@UF), http://ufdc.ufl.edu/ufir;DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.3764165. © The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Abstract: The tropical swallowtail uraniid moth Lyssa zampa is known to exhibit seasonal patterns of mass emergence throughout its range. These cyclical patterns of emergences are thought to correlate closely with oscillating host plant availability, as well as with interactions between herbivory and host plant defences. Because little has been reported concerning the biology of this species, the purpose of this paper is intended to serve as a starting point addressing the natural history of L. zampa in Singapore. Here we report on an instance of mass emergence of L. -
Massing of Urania Fulgens at Lights in Belize (Lepidoptera: Uraniidae)
Vol. 12 No. 1-2 2001 CALHOUN: Massing of Urania in Belize 43 TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA, 12(1-2): 43-44 (2004) NOTE MASSING OF URANIA FULGENS AT LIGHTS IN BELIZE (LEPIDOPTERA: URANIIDAE) JOHN V. CALHOUN1 977 Wicks Dr., Palm Harbor, FL 34684-4656, USA ' Fig. 1-2. Urania fulgens in Belize: 1) adult male; 2) adults attracted to mercury vapor light (71 are visible). Attraction to lights is poorly documented and believed to be rare a single adult U. fulgens was found at 2130h resting near a in diurnal species of Uraniidae. This behavior was not observed fluorescent light (Fig. 1). Additional individuals were later seen during extensive studies of Urania in Panama (Smith, 1992). Chin gathering around fluorescent, incandescent and mercury vapor lights (2001) reported that Indo-Australian Lyssa zampa Butler (Uraniidae) throughout the town. Light sources ranged in height from 1.5m to enter lighted houses at night. In 1940, "many" Urania fulgens over 4.5m. The most impressive gathering of U. fulgens occurred Walker were attracted to lights on board a ship voyaging eastward around a mercury vapor light attached to a smooth white wall at a from Costa Rica (Skutch, 1970). Young (1970) observed that height of approximately 3.5m (Fig. 2). The number of individuals migrating U. fulgens in Costa Rica rest for the night in large trees at this location gradually increased during the evening. By 2330h, and are occasionally attracted to nearby lights. In Belize, Meerman at least 100 U. fulgens were attracted to this light. Dozens clung to and Boomsma (1997) reported nine individuals of U. -
INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a Synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a Historical Sketch
ZOOLOGÍA-TAXONOMÍA www.unal.edu.co/icn/publicaciones/caldasia.htm Caldasia 31(2):407-440. 2009 HACIA UNA SÍNTESIS DE LOS PAPILIONOIDEA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a historical sketch JOSÉ LUIS SALINAS-GUTIÉRREZ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] CLAUDIO MÉNDEZ Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos, Ciudad Universitaria, Campus Central USAC, Zona 12. Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] MERCEDES BARRIOS Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON), Universidad de San Carlos, Avenida La Reforma 0-53, Zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] CARMEN POZO El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510; México. [email protected]. Autor responsable. RESUMEN La riqueza biológica de Mesoamérica es enorme. Dentro de esta gran área geográfi ca se encuentran algunos de los ecosistemas más diversos del planeta (selvas tropicales), así como varios de los principales centros de endemismo en el mundo (bosques nublados). Países como Guatemala, en esta gran área biogeográfi ca, tiene grandes zonas de bosque húmedo tropical y bosque mesófi lo, por esta razón es muy importante para analizar la diversidad en la región. Lamentablemente, la fauna de mariposas de Guatemala es poco conocida y por lo tanto, es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio y análisis de la composición y la diversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en Guatemala. -
Classical Biocontrol: Panacea Or Pandora's Box1
Vol. 24, Nos. 2 & 3, October 15,1983 239 Classical Biocontrol: Panacea or Pandora's Box1 FRANCIS G. HOWARTH2 Like Gaul, biological control (or biocontrol) can be divided into 3 parts: cultural practices which enhance beneficial species already present; mass rearing of selected beneficial species for release against a pest; and, what has been termed classical biocontrol, the discovery, importation and release of a foreign species with the expectation that it will control a pest population. My comments will primarily concern classical biocontrol and stem from my experience as curator of the Hawaiian insect collection at the Bishop Museum, my research on native Hawaiian ecosystems, and my concern for conservation of native and endangered species. I thank W.C. Gagne for many helpful discussions during the preparation of this paper. Classical biological control blossomed in Hawaii in the late 19th and early 20th century, when a great many animals were indiscriminantly introduced, and the method has been used with some impressive economic successes both in Hawaii and elsewhere ever since. Enthusiasm for the method has resurged during the last 2 decades, after the fall from favor of chemical pest control. I share some of the enthusiasm towards the prospects of biocontrol, and it is not my position here to belittle the impressive successes being made in the control of economic pests. However, I am alarmed by several recent treatments and reviews on classical biocontrol that have touted the method as being without environmental risks. For example, DeBach (1974) stated that ". .. no adverse effects on the ecosystem occur from biological control." Doutt (1972) called the method "environmentally safe". -
BUTTERFLIES in Thewest Indies of the Caribbean
PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA E-mail: [email protected]@focusonnature.com Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555 oror 302/529-1876302/529-1876 BUTTERFLIES and MOTHS in the West Indies of the Caribbean in Antigua and Barbuda the Bahamas Barbados the Cayman Islands Cuba Dominica the Dominican Republic Guadeloupe Jamaica Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Lucia Saint Vincent the Virgin Islands and the ABC islands of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curacao Butterflies in the Caribbean exclusively in Trinidad & Tobago are not in this list. Focus On Nature Tours in the Caribbean have been in: January, February, March, April, May, July, and December. Upper right photo: a HISPANIOLAN KING, Anetia jaegeri, photographed during the FONT tour in the Dominican Republic in February 2012. The genus is nearly entirely in West Indian islands, the species is nearly restricted to Hispaniola. This list of Butterflies of the West Indies compiled by Armas Hill Among the butterfly groupings in this list, links to: Swallowtails: family PAPILIONIDAE with the genera: Battus, Papilio, Parides Whites, Yellows, Sulphurs: family PIERIDAE Mimic-whites: subfamily DISMORPHIINAE with the genus: Dismorphia Subfamily PIERINAE withwith thethe genera:genera: Ascia,Ascia, Ganyra,Ganyra, Glutophrissa,Glutophrissa, MeleteMelete Subfamily COLIADINAE with the genera: Abaeis, Anteos, Aphrissa, Eurema, Kricogonia, Nathalis, Phoebis, Pyrisitia, Zerene Gossamer Wings: family LYCAENIDAE Hairstreaks: subfamily THECLINAE with the genera: Allosmaitia, Calycopis, Chlorostrymon, Cyanophrys, -
The Biology of Batesia Hypochlora in an Ecuadorian Rainforest (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) P
Vol. 10 No. 2 1999 et al: Biology of Batesia hypochlora 43 TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA, 10(2): 43-46 (2000) THE BIOLOGY OF BATESIA HYPOCHLORA IN AN ECUADORIAN RAINFOREST (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE) P. J. DEVRIES, C. M. PENZ, AND T. R. WALLA Dept. of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 90430, USA ABSTRACT- Notes on the adult population biology and early stages of Batesia hypochlora are presented for the first time. The general natural history, population abundance, warning coloration, behavior, geographical distribution and hostplant use of Batesia hypochlora is discussed. Notes on the taxonomic relationship of Batesia and Panacea are also provided. KEYWORDS: Amazon, Batesia, Bolivia, Brazil, Caligo, Callicore, Catonephele, Colombia, ecology, Ecuador, Epiphile, Euphorbiaceae, fruit-feeding nymphalids, hostplants, immature stages, larvae, life history. Neotropical, Nessaea, Panacea, Peru, population biology, pupae, seasonally. South America, warning coloration. The Neotropical nymphalid butterfly genus Batesia Felder & modern human civilization. Thus our observations should be broadly Felder embraces the single, uniquely colored species Batesia relevant to populations of B. hypochlora occurring within intact hypochlora (Felder & Felder, 1862). This species inhabits lowland forest. rainforests from central Colombia to eastern Ecuador through Adults southeast Peru and western Brazil, and likely into northeast Bolivia; We observed adults feeding only on juices of rotting fruits, in effect, an upper Amazonian distribution. Despite the fact that B. wounds in trees, and very occasionally on fresh mammal dung or hypochlora is easily identified in the field (see illustrations in Lewis, rotting mammal carcasses. During a five year period (DeVries et ai, 1973; D'Abrera, 1987) and has long been popular with collectors, 1999, and unpubl.), we trapped 104 individuals of B. -
Volatile Cues Influence Host-Choice in Arthropod Pests
animals Review Volatile Cues Influence Host-Choice in Arthropod Pests Jacqueline Poldy Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health & Biosecurity, Black Mountain Laboratory, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; [email protected]; Tel.: +61-2-6218-3599 Received: 1 October 2020; Accepted: 22 October 2020; Published: 28 October 2020 Simple Summary: Many significant human and animal diseases are spread by blood feeding insects and other arthropod vectors. Arthropod pests and disease vectors rely heavily on chemical cues to identify and locate important resources such as their preferred animal hosts. Although there are abundant studies on the means by which biting insects—especially mosquitoes—are attracted to humans, this focus overlooks the veterinary and medical importance of other host–pest relationships and the chemical signals that underpin them. This review documents the published data on airborne (volatile) chemicals emitted from non-human animals, highlighting the subset of these emissions that play a role in guiding host choice by arthropod pests. The paper exposes some of the complexities associated with existing methods for collecting relevant chemical features from animal subjects, cautions against extrapolating the ecological significance of volatile emissions, and highlights opportunities to explore research gaps. Although the literature is less comprehensive than human studies, understanding the chemical drivers behind host selection creates opportunities to interrupt pest attack and disease transmission, enabling more efficient pest management. Abstract: Many arthropod pests of humans and other animals select their preferred hosts by recognising volatile odour compounds contained in the hosts’ ‘volatilome’. Although there is prolific literature on chemical emissions from humans, published data on volatiles and vector attraction in other species are more sporadic. -
Do Butterflies Use “Hearing Aids”? Investigating the Structure and Function of Inflated Wing Veins in Nymphalidae
Do butterflies use “hearing aids”? Investigating the structure and function of inflated wing veins in Nymphalidae by Penghui (Carrie) Sun A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Biology in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2018 Penghui (Carrie) Sun Abstract Many butterfly species within the subfamily Satyrinae (Nymphalidae) have been informally reported to possess a conspicuous “inflated” or “swollen” subcostal vein on each forewing. However, the function and taxonomic diversity of these structures is unknown. This thesis comprises both experimental and comparative approaches to test hypotheses on the function and evolution of these inflated veins. A laser vibrometry study showed that ears in the common wood nymph, Cercyonis pegala, are tuned to sounds between 1-5 kHz and the inflated subcostal vein enhances sensitivity to these sounds. A comparative study showed that all species with inflated veins possess ears, but not all species with ears possess inflated veins. Further, inflated veins were better developed in smaller butterflies. This thesis provides the first evidence for the function of inflated wing veins in butterflies and supports the hypothesis that they function as aids to low frequency hearing. ii Acknowledgements I thank my supervisor Dr. Jayne Yack for the continued guidance and support, throughout my academic program and in beginning my career, as well as an inspired and newfound appreciation I never knew I could have for insects. I thank my committee members Dr. Jeff Dawson and Dr. Charles-Antoine Darveau for their guidance, advice, and support. I thank Dr. -
Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing
Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing by Laura E. Hall A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada © 2014 Laura E. Hall i Abstract Several Nymphalidae butterflies possess a sensory structure called the Vogel’s organ (VO) that is proposed to function in hearing. However, little is known about the VO’s structure, taxonomic distribution or function. My first research objective was to examine VO morphology and its accessory structures across taxa. Criteria were established to categorize development levels of butterfly VOs and tholi. I observed that enlarged forewing veins are associated with the VOs of several species within two subfamilies of Nymphalidae. Further, I discovered a putative light/temperature-sensitive organ associated with the VOs of several Biblidinae species. The second objective was to test the hypothesis that insect ears function to detect bird flight sounds for predator avoidance. Neurophysiological recordings collected from moth ears show a clear response to flight sounds and chirps from a live bird in the laboratory. Finally, a portable electrophysiology rig was developed to further test this hypothesis in future field studies. ii Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank David Hall who spent endless hours listening to my musings and ramblings regarding butterfly ears, sharing in the joy of my discoveries, and comforting me in times of frustration. Without him, this thesis would not have been possible. I thank Dr. -
Burrowing Behavior of the Fiddler Crab Uca Panacea in Relation to Food Availability
The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Master's Theses Summer 2010 Burrowing Behavior of the Fiddler Crab Uca panacea in Relation to Food Availability Jennifer A. Mraz University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Mraz, Jennifer A., "Burrowing Behavior of the Fiddler Crab Uca panacea in Relation to Food Availability" (2010). Master's Theses. 615. https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/615 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi BURROWING BEHAVIOR OF THE FIDDLER CRAB UCA PANACEA IN RELATION TO FOOD AVAILABILITY by Jennifer Arin Mraz A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Approved: August 2010 ABSTRACT BURROWING BEHAVIOR OF THE FIDDLER CRAB UCA PANACEA IN RELATION TO FOOD AVAILABILITY by Jennifer Arin Mraz August 2010 Much of fiddler crab behavior is regulated by the tides and centers around their burrows. Field and laboratory studies were conducted to assess the effect of food availability on burrowing in the Gulf coast fiddler crab, Vea panacea. In the field, crabs were observed for droving behavior through visual observations; evidence for this behavior was assessed further by determining sediment organic content. Although the organic content did increase significantly as distance increased from the edge of the water, fiddler crabs did not exhibit droving behavior at my study site. -
K & K Imported Butterflies
K & K Imported Butterflies www.importedbutterflies.com Ken Werner Owners Kraig Anderson 4075 12 TH AVE NE 12160 Scandia Trail North Naples Fl. 34120 Scandia, MN. 55073 239-353-9492 office 612-961-0292 cell 239-404-0016 cell 651-269-6913 cell 239-353-9492 fax 651-433-2482 fax [email protected] [email protected] Other companies Gulf Coast Butterflies Spineless Wonders Supplier of Consulting and Construction North American Butterflies of unique Butterfly Houses, and special events Exotic Butterfly and Insect list North American Butterfly list This a is a complete list of K & K Imported Butterflies We are also in the process on adding new species, that have never been imported and exhibited in the United States You will need to apply for an interstate transport permit to get the exotic species from any domestic distributor. We will be happy to assist you in any way with filling out the your PPQ526 Thank You Kraig and Ken There is a distinction between import and interstate permits. The two functions/activities can not be on one permit. You are working with an import permit, thus all of the interstate functions are blocked. If you have only a permit to import you will need to apply for an interstate transport permit to get the very same species from a domestic distributor. If you have an import permit (or any other permit), you can go into your ePermits account and go to my applications, copy the application that was originally submitted, thus a Duplicate application is produced. Then go into the "Origination Point" screen, select the "Change Movement Type" button. -
Moths and Butterflies
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