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Review Article International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ISSN:2320 5091

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF ARDHAVABHEDHAKA (MIGRAINE) THROUGH YOGIC KARMA AND YOGIC AHARA Jain Rekha Samagandi Kashinath Durgawati Devi Sharma Kamalesh Kumar Department of Swasthavritta and , N. I. A. Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

ABSTRACT Migraine is now ranked by the World Health Organization as 19th disorder causing world-wide disability. Global statistics mark that 15% of the individual are present victim of the disease Migraine, but its ratio ascends up to 70% in precluding the working capability. Migraine is a familial disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of headache variable in in- tensity, frequency and duration. Attacks are commonly unilateral and are usually associated with anorexia, nausea and vomiting” -World Federation of Neurology Yoga being a non-medicated and self controlled, act as a silver lining in organize this situation. Yogic procedure imparts benefits either by enhancing the body resistance against triggering factors or by delivering the relaxation to the mind. Vitiation of doshas are the inevitable factors in all sort of ailments and the disease migraine which shows mere resemblance with the ardhavabhedhaka shows aggravation of vata dosha. To appease or nullify the various aggravated or vitiated dosha, Yoga and Yogic diet modalities can be appreciated and implemented. Keywords: Ardhavabhedhaka, Migraine, , Yoga

INTRODUCTION to release physical and emotional stress. Migraine is neurological syndrome, especially jalandhara bandha characterized by altered bodily perception helps to maintain optimum blood supply to headaches (unilateral and pulsating, lasting brain and maintain its Pressure. from 4 to 72 hours) nausea, vomiting is beneficial in conditions like disturb photophobia and hyperacusis (increased sleep and insomnia and Yogic diet is sensitivity to noise). Approximately one favourable in condition of gastrointestinal third of people who suffer from migraine disturbance i.e. acidity, constipation, headache perceive an aura (the perceptual anorexia, which are triggering factors of disturbance) announcing the headache. migraine. Physiologically the migraine headache is a AIMS AND OBJECTIVES neurological condition which is dominant To identify the underlying cause of in females. Migraine greatly affects quality the disease and its management through of life1. Yoga and yogic Ahara (food) Yoga procedure like karma MATERIAL AND METHODS and overcome the effect of Method- secondary data review respiratory allergic reaction, and Material- Ayurvedic classics like Charaka (, Makrasana) associated with samhita, Susuruta samhita, Ashtanga Pranayama (Nadishodhna, Bhramri) help Hridya and Yoga texts like Gheranda Rekha Jain et al: Management of Ardhavabhedhaka through Yogic Karma and Yogic Ahara samhita, Shiv samhita, Hathayoga pradeepka etc.

Patho-physiology Stress

Induce serotonin secretion

Vascular and neural changes

Especially constriction of blood vessels

Intern increase the intra cranial pressure

Causing pain Triggering factors: like-over exercise and sexual activity, ir- Allergic reactions, bright light, regular dietary habits, stay in excessive loud noise, pungent or obnoxious odour or cooling of air, avoid of presenting of smell of a perfume , physical or urges3. psychological stress, altered sleep pattern, Management smoking or exposure to smoke, skipping Many Migraine patients self diag- meals, disturbed menstrual cycle, hormone nose and self medicate using over the fluctuations during the menopause transi- counter analgesics. There is no standard tion, consuming of birth control pills, treatment common for all Migraine pa- tension headache, food containing amino tients. Once triggering agents are identified acid tyramine (red wine, aged cheese, management is possible accordingly4. smoked fish, chicken livers figs and some Acharya Charaka says vata kapha beans), Monosodium glutamate (MSG) or shamak Aahara and Aushadha, snehapana nitrates, other foods such as chocolate, in prvara matra, Shiro kaya virechana, nuts, peanut butter, banana, citrus, onions sweda, Anuvasana vasti is beneficial dairy products and fermented or pickled in Ardhavabhedhaka. foods, and also a head bath triggers Yogic management- yogic procedure gen- migraine headache. erates resistance power in the body against In Ayurveda according to Acharya triggering agent i.e. in condition of respira- Susuruta Ardhavabhedhaka is Tridoshaja tory allergy Neti karma is beneficial. vyadhi, and its nature of pain is Cutting, Kriya- jalneti, sutraneti, kunjal shod- Piercing, Pricking, and Sushruta has em- hana effects (Head region is main seat for phasised on its paroxysmal nature and de- kapha) scribed that it may occur fortnightly or af- Yogasanas-Pavanmuktasana, , ter 10 days or any time 2. shashankasana, makrasana, , Videha mentioned that the head- shavasana- (stress releasing remedies) ache comes in the form of paroxysmal at- Pranayama- nadi shodhana, Chandra tack every three, five or fifteen days or ten nadi shodhana pranayama, shitli days or once a month. Pranayama bhramar pranayamai and According to Acharaya Charaka ujjay pranayami. (It helps in body and its nidan is vata dosha vitiating factors 2 www.iamj.in IAMJ: Volume 1; Issue 3; May – June 2013

Rekha Jain et al: Management of Ardhavabhedhaka through Yogic Karma and Yogic Ahara mind relaxation by increase oxygen supply migraine some Asanas help to reduce to brain). stress, and some give strength to body Bandha- jalandhar bandha (stimulates against triggering factors. So, Stress blood supply toward brain) releasing Asanas are- meditative Asanas – “OM”kara meditation is give mental relaxation, such as , helpful in breathe awareness. Swastikasana, with chin or gyana Special practice- yoga nidra and chanting of OM kara. Even relaxing Yogic diet- Alkaline food (green vegeta- postures like shithil Tadasana, shithil bles fruits) with less oil, salt, and spice dhandasana, Shavasana and Makrasana which are considered satvik diet are helps to reduce the physical and advised. Satvik diets helps in nullifying the psychological stressors. Pavanmuktasana, vitiated vataadi dosha. vajrasana shashankasana, and Procedure of Neti karma5- Neti karma is , the practice of these the cleans the nasal passage. It is intended asanas brings about a number of to purification of nasal passage using a physiological and biochemical changes in thread (sutra) or catheter for rubbing the the abdominal viscera and endocrinal passage or warm saline water for glands. irrigation. Effect of Pranayama in migraine: Sutra neti-it is performed by inserting a Pranayam means a voluntary pause in the soft thread through the nose to the length movement of breath. In context of of 20 inches. The thread is gently pulled migraine Nadi shodhana pranayama, forwards and backwards. , sitkari, shitali and Bhramari are Jal neti- neti pot is filled up with Luke helpful. warm saline water. Pouring the liquid Nadi-shodhna7- sit erect in padmasana, through one nostril and letting it out close eyes, relax completely. Adopt Nasika through another, bending the neck as re- mudra. Close the right nostril with thumb quired for this purpose. and inhale slowly, gently, and deeply pranayama perform necessary cleansing through the left nostril. After the inhalation after the netikarama, for removing droplet is completed close the left nostril with the of water ( remnants of water molecules act little finger and ring finger and exhale by as a triggering factor for rhinitis and right nostril. After exhalation is completed, migraine ). inhale slowly, gently and deeply through Benefit- neti karma prevents and cures the the right nostril, and exhale through left diseases of Urdhva jatrugata (ENT Disor- nostril. Perform 5 to 8 round. ders, Headache, cervical pain) and purifies Benefits- Pranayama is imparts benefits the vitiated kapha (chemical secretion) and by enhanced blood supply and oxygen provides Divya Drasti (enhanced visual supply to the brain, balance the power). sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous Note-Neti karma gave local effect on nasal system there by restore the homeostasis mucosa against foreign material reaction, and reduce anxiety and stress level. and cleansing the nasal path. (H.Y.P-chapter2) Effect of Asans6- The Asanas are the Effect of Jalandhar Bandha- Bandhas are method to achieve perfect mental and neuromuscular lock and gestures, used physical relaxation. With context to during the process of breath holding –

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Rekha Jain et al: Management of Ardhavabhedhaka through Yogic Karma and Yogic Ahara . They used mainly for culturing Prevention is better than cure, and of emotion and also help in the aspirants to according to Ayurveda Nidana parivarjan still the mind. is best option for prevention. Many Mi- Procedure- contact the throat, press the graine patients self diagnose and self chin firmly against the chest at the juglar medicate by using over counter analgesic. notch after inhaling. Involuntary breath is There is no standard treatment common for stopped at the throat. With gradual practice all Migraine patients. So identification of the pressure of air on the glottis will be triggering factors will be the first choice of released and whole system will be relaxed. management. (H.Y.P-chapter3) In Migraine there will be Avarana Benefit- Three anatomical structures of Kapha and vata Dosha, which leads to namely internal, external carotid arteries, disease Ardhavabhedaka (migraine), to the carotid sinus, and also the sinus nerve relive or eliminate the morbidity one has to are located at this site. These two arteries perform various yoga procedures like are chiefly responsible for supplying blood Kunjala karma; neti karma (jala neti and to the brain. The carotid sinus is an ex- sutra neti) which gives better result in such panded aperture present at the branching of condition. These Procedures gives good the familiar carotid artery. The carotid si- relief by overcoming the effect of triggers nus contain various baro-receptors as well as it will clear the channels of nasal maintains blood pressure, by this it benefi- and throat. Some hypothesis postulated ts the migraine condition. that Jalaneti, Kunjal etc procedure will Role of Yogic Ahara8: This should be, improve the vision and active the sensory Madhur rasa, Snigdha and matravat. Such organs too. satvik foods are nourishes the body. It CONCLUSION consists of- Nuts and fruits, Leafy The aim was to identify underling vegetable, pulses, wheat, rice, sprouted cause of disease Migraine and the man- pulse, cereals, Milk and other dairy prod- agement through Yoga and yogic Aahar. ucts, jagery, honey and dry fruits. So above given theoretical and hypotheti- Benefit- It gives physical fitness and con- cal explanations, may help to treat the ductive to mental and spiritual up-liftment. disease Migraine through enhancing body This food generates pious and pure tolerating capacity in other words to say thoughts. And not causing any gastric improve the natural immunity against trig- discomfort like hyper acidity. Alcohol, gering factors (Vyadhi kshamatva, Prak- coffee, tea, astringent, spicy food stuffs, ritika sharira Bala). smoking, anxiety, Loss of sleep etc may REFERENCES leads to cause Hyperacidity or excessive 1. Yogic management of Neurological secretion of HCL in the stomach these are Disorder-Morarji Desi National Institute of again triggering factors for migraine, to Yoga pg no 6 reduce these attack of migraine one has to 2. Susuruta Samhita, Pranajeevana Mani- stop or reduce these stuffs and one has to kachanda Mehta uttartantra 24/15 follow the diet which has mentioned as per 3. Charaka Samhita, Kashnath Panday, yogic diet. Dr. Chaturvedi sidhi Sthana DISCUSSION 9/74-75

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Rekha Jain et al: Management of Ardhavabhedhaka through Yogic Karma and Yogic Ahara 4. API- Text book of medicine 8th Edi- 8. Hathayoga Pradeepka- swami Digam- tion, N. Shah, headache - page no 1104 ber ji, Lonawla Pune, 1/62-63 pg no 3 5. Hathayoga Pradeepka- swami Digam- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR ber ji, Lonawla Pune, 2/30-31 pg no 49 Dr. Rekha Jain 6. Comparative guide of swasthavritta- PG Scholar Dr. P. Sudhakar Reddy pg no 181 Dept of Swasthvritta and Yoga 7. Hathayoga Pradeepka- swami Digam- NIA, Jaipur – 302002, Rajasthan, Inida ber ji, Lonawla Pune, 2/7-8-9 pg no 38 Email: [email protected]

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None Declared

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