No. 6224. the CONSTITUTION ACT AMENDMENT ACT 1958
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What the Crown May Do
WHAT THE CROWN MAY DO 1. It is now established, at least at the level of the Court of Appeal (so that Court has recently stated)1, that, absent some prohibition, a Government minister may do anything which any individual may do. The purpose of this paper is to explain why this rule is misconceived and why it, and the conception of the “prerogative” which it necessarily assumes, should be rejected as a matter of constitutional law. 2. The suggested rule raises two substantive issues of constitutional law: (i) who ought to decide in what new activities the executive may engage, in what circumstances and under what conditions; and (ii) what is the scope for abuse that such a rule may create and should it be left without legal control. 3. As Sir William Wade once pointed out (in a passage subsequently approved by the Appellate Committee2), “The powers of public authorities are...essentially different from those of private persons. A man making his will may, subject to any rights of his dependants, dispose of his property just as he may wish. He may act out of malice or a spirit of revenge, but in law this does not affect his exercise of power. In the same way a private person has an absolute power to release a debtor, or, where the law permits, to evict a tenant, regardless of his motives. This is unfettered discretion.” If a minister may do anything that an individual may do, he may pursue any purpose which an individual may do when engaged in such activities. -
Institute of Commonwealth Studies
University of London INSTITUTE OF COMMONWEALTH STUDIES VOICE FILE NAME: The Hon. Michael Kirby SO: Sue Onslow (Interviewer) MK: Michael Kirby (Respondent) SO: This is Sue Onslow talking to the Honourable Michael Kirby in Sydney on Friday, 28th March, 2014. Mr Kirby, thank you very much indeed for agreeing to take part in this oral history project. I wonder if you could begin by reflecting, Sir, on the establishment of the Eminent Persons’ Group of 2009-2010? Obviously, this came out of the Port of Spain affirmation in 2009, but I wondered if you could lay some background of how you came to be appointed to that group? MK: I’m not sure how the appointment came about. Sometimes it’s better not to know how appointments to national or international bodies occur. However, I was approached, first, I think, by a representative of the Australian government to ask if I would serve; then I received a letter from the Secretary- General, Mr Sharma, and he invited me to serve. I then accepted, and I served. But I’m not aware of the steps that were taken to secure my appointment. They may have arisen out of the fact that I had taken quite an active part over the years in the work of the Legal and Constitutional Affairs Division of the Commonwealth. I had contributed repeatedly to the Commonwealth Law Bulletin. I had gone repeatedly to Commonwealth Law conferences, and presented papers at them. I had not been a member of the political activities of the Commonwealth, but of basically the legal and support systems of the Commonwealth, which is often where it does its best work. -
Victoria Begins
VICTORIA. ANNO QUADRAGESIMO QUINTO VICTORIA BEGINS. No. DCCII. An Act for the Reform of the Constitution. [Reserved 27th Jane 1881. Royal Assent proclaimed 28th November 1881.] HEREAS it is desirable to make provision for the effectual Preamble, W representation of the people in the Legislative Council : Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly of Victoria in this present Parliament assembled and by the authority of the same as follows (that is to say) :— 1. This Act shall be called and may be cited as The Legislative short title and Council Act 1881, and shall commence and come into force on the day commencement on which the Governor shall signify that Her Majesty has been pleased to assent thereto and it is divided into parts as follows— PART L—Number of provinces and number and distribution of members, ss. 4-7. PART II.—Periodical elections and tenure of seats, ss. 8-10. PART III.—Qualifications &c. of members, ss. 11-17. PART IV.—Qualification of electors, ss. 18-26. PART V.—Rolls of ratepaying electors, ss. 27-31. PART VI.—Miscellaneous provisions, ss. 32-48. 2. The Acts mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act are Repeal of Acts in hereby repealed from and after the commencement of this Act to the First Schedule. extent specified in the third column of the said Schedule : Provided that— (1.) Any enactment or document referring to any Act hereby repealed shall be construed to refer to this Act or to the corresponding enactment in this Act. -
Loi D'interprétation
CANADA CONSOLIDATION CODIFICATION Interpretation Act Loi d’interprétation R.S.C., 1985, c. I-21 L.R.C. (1985), ch. I-21 Current to September 22, 2021 À jour au 22 septembre 2021 Last amended on August 3, 2021 Dernière modification le 3 août 2021 Published by the Minister of Justice at the following address: Publié par le ministre de la Justice à l’adresse suivante : http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca http://lois-laws.justice.gc.ca OFFICIAL STATUS CARACTÈRE OFFICIEL OF CONSOLIDATIONS DES CODIFICATIONS Subsections 31(1) and (2) of the Legislation Revision and Les paragraphes 31(1) et (2) de la Loi sur la révision et la Consolidation Act, in force on June 1, 2009, provide as codification des textes législatifs, en vigueur le 1er juin follows: 2009, prévoient ce qui suit : Published consolidation is evidence Codifications comme élément de preuve 31 (1) Every copy of a consolidated statute or consolidated 31 (1) Tout exemplaire d'une loi codifiée ou d'un règlement regulation published by the Minister under this Act in either codifié, publié par le ministre en vertu de la présente loi sur print or electronic form is evidence of that statute or regula- support papier ou sur support électronique, fait foi de cette tion and of its contents and every copy purporting to be pub- loi ou de ce règlement et de son contenu. Tout exemplaire lished by the Minister is deemed to be so published, unless donné comme publié par le ministre est réputé avoir été ainsi the contrary is shown. publié, sauf preuve contraire. -
Michael Nash, the Removal of Judges Under the Act of Settlement
PLEASE NOTE This is a draft paper only and should not be cited without the author’s express permission The Removal of Judges under the Act of Settlement (1701) Michael Nash This paper will consider the operation of the Act, the processes adopted, and the consequential outcomes. It is perhaps worth considering for a moment how important in consequence the Act was. And yet how little enthusiasm there was for it at the time, and how its passing was, in the words of Wellington later, “a damn near thing”. The Act only passed Parliament narrowly. It is said that it was carried by one vote only in Committee in the House of Commons. It is certain that the Act itself passed in the House of Commons “nemine contradicente” on May 14, 1701, but the Bill was but languidly supported. Many of the members, never more than 50 or 60 (out of a full house of 513) appear to have felt that the calling of a stranger to the throne was detestable, but the lesser of two evils. So the Bill was passed by 10% of the members. The passing of the Act is surrounded by myth, and records were then imperfectly kept, but Sir John Bowles, who introduced the Bill, was described as “a member of very little weight and authority”, who was even then thought to be disordered in his mind, and who eventually died mad! (1) Some of the great constitutional documents have been considered in a similar light: for example, the Second Reform Act in 1867. Smith, in a history of this Act, concludes that the bill survived “because a majority of the members of both Houses…dared not throw it out. -
Fixed-Term Parliaments Act
House of Commons House of Lords Joint Committee on the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act Report Session 2019–21 Report, together with formal minutes relating to the report Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 18 March 2021 Ordered by the House of Lords to be printed 18 March 2021 HC 1046 HL 253 Published on 24 March 2021 by authority of the House of Commons and House of Lords Joint Committee on the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act The Joint Committee was appointed to: (a) carry out a review of the operation of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, pursuant to section 7 of that Act, and if appropriate in consequence of its findings, make recommendations for the repeal or amendment of that Act; and (b) consider, as part of its work under subparagraph (a), and report on any draft Government Bill on the repeal of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 presented to both Houses in this session. Membership House of Lords House of Commons Lord McLoughlin (Chair) (Conservative) Aaron Bell MP (Conservative, Newcastle- under-Lyme) Lord Beith (Liberal Democrat) Chris Bryant MP (Labour, Rhondda) Lord Grocott (Labour) Jackie Doyle-Price MP (Conservative, Lord Jay of Ewelme (Crossbench) Thurrock) Baroness Lawrence of Clarendon (Labour) Dame Angela Eagle MP (Labour, Wallasey) Lord Mancroft (Conservative) Maria Eagle MP (Labour, Garston and Halewood) Peter Gibson MP (Conservative, Darlington) Mr Robert Goodwill MP (Conservative, Scarborough and Whitby) David Linden MP (Scottish National Party, Glasgow East) Alan Mak MP (Conservative, Havant) Mrs Maria Miller MP -
C 0 N T E N T S
C 0 N T E N T S. Members of the Council from 31st March, to 31st December, 1943 .. v to viii I n d e x .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ., .. .. ix P r o c e e d in g s o n B il l s in t r o d u c e d in t h e C o u n c il .. .. .. .. xvii M i n u t e s o f t h e P r o c e e d in g s o f t h e Co u n c il .. .. .. .. .. 1 B il l s a s s e n t e d t o a f t e r t h e F in a l A d jo u r n m e n t o f B o t h H o u s e s a n d b e f o r e t h e Prorogation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 Questions asked by Honorable Members and Replies thereto .. .. .. 63 Proclamation Proroguing the Parliament of Victoria .. .. .. .. 65 Select Committees .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 Divisions in Committee of the whole Council .. .. .. .. .. 69 MEMBERS OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL D u r in g t h e p e r io d f r o m 3 1 s t M a r c h , 1943, to 3 1 s t D e c e m b e r , 1943. Date Appointed D ate o f Number of Electors enrolled. Name of Province and Member. for taking Poll Retirement by at Election. effluxion of time. Remarks. METROPOLITAN PROVINCES. -
81-Demise-Of-The-Crown.Pdf
SOUTH AUSTRALIA EIGHTY-FIRST REPORT of the LAW REFORM COMMITTEE of SOUTH AUSTRALIA to THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL RELATING TO THE DEMISE OF THE CROWN The Law Reform Committee of South Australia was established by Proclamation which appeared in the South Australian Government Gazette of 19th September, 1968. The present members are: THEHONOURABLE MR. JUSTICEZELLING, C.B.E., Chairman. THEHONOURABLE MR. JUSTICEWHITE, Deputy Chairman. THEHONOURABLE MR. JUSTICELEGOE, Deputy Chairman. M. F. GRAY,Q.C., S.-G. P. R. MORGAN. D. F. WICKS. G. F. HISKEY,S.M. The Secretary of the Committee is Miss J. L. Hill, c/o Supreme Court, Victoria Square, Adelaide 5000. EIGHTY-FIRST REPORT OF THE LAW REFORM COMMITTEE OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA RELATING TO THE DEMISE OF THE CROWN To: The Honourable C. J. Sumner, M.L.C., Attorney-General for South Australia. Sir, You referred to us for report the topic of a general Demise of the Crown Act for South Australia and we now report as follows:- "Demise of the Crown" is defined in Jowitt's Dictionary of English Law as "the death of the sovereign,. an expression which signifies merely a transfer of property; for when we say the demise of the Crown, we mean only that in consequence of the disunion of the sovereign's natural body from his body politic, the kingdom is transferred or demised to his successor, and so the royal dignity remains perpetual. A demise of the Crown may occur on the death of the sovereign or on his being deposed". Since the reign of Edward VIII that definition has now to be expanded by the inclusion of abdication as a deemed demise of the Crown. -
The Footplate: Vol. 2, No. 5 (May, 1919)
• 4b,PANAIMV:v. The Official Organ of The Victorian Locomotive Enginedrivers', Firemen's and Cleaners' Association. Registered at G.P.O., Melbourne, for transmission by Post as a Newspaper Vol. 2, No. 5. MELBOURNE, MAY 31, 1919. Price, 2/- Per Annum, Post Free. THE Loco TAHEEATRE, / Cleanliness Comfort Good Orchestra Perfect Pictures Our Programs may be equalled but Cannot be Beaten. UNITED. WE STAND DIVIDED WE FALL. UNIONISTS, you know in hat the above means. Whether you are in the Railway Service or any other calling, UNIONISM and all it stands for de-serves your UNITED SUPPORT. If you do not give it, then you are helping the other side and all it stands for, i.e., Cheap Labour and Sweated Conditions. The Theati ical Employees' Association have fought hard in the Arbitration Court for what it has got, help them to keep it. Nevet in the history- of Australia has the necessity for Unity been greater. So pass the word to the boys and your families to Support The Loco. PROGRAMME CHANGED TWICE WEEKLY. Victoria Street, NORTH MELBOURNE 54 THE FOOTPLATE. May 31, 1919. There can be no doubt that the as laid down in clause 60 of Reg. fact that certain rri.en can and do earn 64, it certainly is not within its Nontplair. large amounts each month during spirit, for it says: " Every enginman busy seasons militates against the " shall be eligible for relief after " They are slaves who will not dare rest receiving reasonable rates of " he has been eight hours on duty, All wrongs to right, pay and working conditions. -
Canadian Monarchist News Les Nouvelles Monarchiques Du Canada Summer/Été 2019 — No
Canadian Monarchist News Les Nouvelles Monarchiques du Canada Summer/Été 2019 — No. 46 An occasional Newsletter for members and friends of The Monarchist League of Canada The Monarchist League of Canada / La Ligue Monarchiste du Canada, PO Box 1057, Lakeshore West PO, Oakville, Ontario, Canada L6K 0B2 905-855-7262 (800) 465-6925 www.monarchist.ca THE MONARCHIST LEAGUE OF CANADA – 49th ANNIVERSARY 1970-2019 Monarchist League sole supplier of Colour Lithos of Queen FEDS END QUEEN PICTURE DISTRIBUTION, SUBSTITUTING DOWNLOADS Report & Commentary this way, the visible presence of our by Robert Finch, Mon arch, and so the reflection of Dominion Chairman, the our constitutional reality, have be- Monarchist League of Canada come deeply imprinted on the con- sciousness of our citizenry. For many years, the Government The eve of producing a new “of fi - of Can ada, via the Department of cial” photo portrait of The Queen – Canadian Heritage, and its predeces- the current one dates from 2010, and sor, the Department of Secretary of was taken for the Diamond Jubilee State, has made lithographs – colour celebrations here in 2012 – found photographs printed on coat ed stock Can adian Heritage discontinue its – available without charge to Cana- long standing distribution. In its task dians. Regularly updated to reflect of promoting our heritage, which the inevitable processes of time, these one might have thought was at once constitute the great majority of images a privilege and duty in our Realm – of our Sov ereign which you and I and, citing cost and environmental are accustomed to see in fire halls considerations, the Department told and police stations, municipal council Canadians they would henceforth chambers and Legion halls, our em- need to access its website from which bassies abroad and ports of entry to they could download and then print Canada, not to men tion many other for themselves the picture of The public places and in homes and uni- Queen. -
1£Tgi,Alatiut Asstmbly. the Chief Secretary- L
Motor [11 MAY, 1966.] Vehicles. 4285 Sir Percy Byrnes and Mr. Todd for believe that the time is coming when their very kind remarks. I shall look manufacturers of motor cars will at Upper Houses of Parliament soon include seat belts as a standard around the world, but I am sure that fitting. I shall find none to equal the Victorian Legislative Council. I greatly ap Mr. LOVEGROvE.-They are not all preciate the remarks that have been safe. made, which come as a complete sur Mr. RYLAH.-The Deputy Leader prise to me. I thank honorable of the Opposition is prepared to members. " can" anything the Government The motion was agreed to. says. The House adjourned at 1.28 a.m. (Thursday) . GRANTS AND SUBSIDIES TO MUNICIPALITIES. LIBRARIES. Mr. WILKES (N orthcote) asked 1£tgi,alatiut Asstmbly. the Chief Secretary- l. What maximum grants and/or subsi Wednesday, May 11, 1966. dies are available to municipalities in re spect of free library service with regard to metropolitan municipal libraries, country municipal libraries, children's libraries. The DEPUTY SPEAKER (Mr. regional library development. and rural Christie) took the chair at 2.19 p.m., library establishment. respectively, and and read the prayer. when they were last increased:? 2. In each of the above categories (a) what is the basis of the grant; MOTOR VEHICLES. (b) what are the conditions of the grant; and (c) when the last increase or variation USE OF SEAT BELTS. in the basis or conditions was made? Sir HERBERT HYLAND (Gipps land South) asked the Acting Mr. -
Her Majesty at 80: Impeccable Service in an Indispensable Office
1 HER MAJESTY AT 80: IMPECCABLE SERVICE IN AN INDISPENSABLE OFFICE by David Flint Foreword by Tony Abbott, MP Australians for Constitutional Monarchy 2 ©2006 by David Flint HER MAJESTY AT 80: IMPECCABLE SERVICE IN AN INDISPENSABLE OFFICE ISBN Printed by Cover Design: Phuong Van Published 2006 by Australians for Constitutional Monarchy Level 6, 104 Bathurst Street, Sydney 2000 3 HER MAJESTY AT 80: IMPECCABLE SERVICE IN AN INDISPENSABLE OFFICE David Flint Foreword by Tony Abbott, MP Australians for Constitutional Monarchy 4 FOREWORD by the Hon. Tony Abbott, MP In this monograph, Professor Flint does more than just lay out the now well-understood arguments against becoming a republic. He also articulates compelling reasons for remaining a monarchy. The case against any particular form of republic is a strong one, as the 1999 referendum result demonstrated. The case for the monarchy is equally strong but much less frequently put as it relies on instincts which are deeply felt but not so easy to justify in a relentlessly utilitarian age. The monarch is both a living human being and an official functionary deeply entrenched in Australia's institutional arrangements. The monarch is a body natural and a body politic, as Flint clearly and concisely outlines. The monarch's primary role is to provide a political personality above and beyond politics. In Australia, this role is mostly discharged by the governor-general. It is hard to conceive of an elected or appointed president acting with the dignity and restraint that has so far characterised our governors-general, including those who have been ex-politicians.