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Eine Auswahl Weiterer Mathematiker, Die in Der Vorlesung Funktionentheorie Erw¨Ahnt Wurden

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Eine Auswahl Weiterer Mathematiker, Die in Der Vorlesung Funktionentheorie Erw¨Ahnt Wurden Eine Auswahl weiterer Mathematiker, die in der Vorlesung Funktionentheorie erw¨ahnt wurden John Wallis (* 3. Dezember 1616 in Ashford, Kent; y 8. November 1703 in Oxford) war ein englischer Mathematiker, der Beitr¨age zur Infinitesimalrechnung und zur Berechnung der Kreiszahl π leistete. Abraham de Moivre (* 26. Mai 1667 in Vitry-le-Fran¸cois; y 27. November 1754 in London) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker, der vor allem fur¨ den Satz von Moivre bekannt ist. James Stirling (* Mai 1692 in Garden bei Stirling; y 5. Dezember 1770 in Edinburgh) war ein schottischer Mathematiker. Joseph-Louis Lagrange (* 25. Januar 1736 in Turin als Giuseppe Lodovico Lag- rangia; y 10. April 1813 in Paris) war ein italienischer Mathematiker und Astronom. Er begrundete¨ die analytische Mechanik (Lagrangeformalismus mit der Lagrangefunktion), die er 1788 in seinem beruhmten¨ Lehrbuch M´ecaniqueanalytique\ darstellte. Weitere " Arbeitsgebiete waren das Dreik¨orperproblem der Himmelsmechanik (Lagrangepunkte), die Variationsrechnung und die Theorie der komplexen Funktionen. Lorenzo Mascheroni (* 13. Mai 1750 bei Bergamo; y 14. Juli 1800 in Paris) war ein italienischer Geistlicher und Mathematiker. Simeon´ Denis Poisson (* 21. Juni 1781 in Pithiviers (D´epartement Loiret); y 25. April 1840 in Paris) war ein franz¨osischer Physiker und Mathematiker. Augustin Jean Fresnel (* 10. Mai 1788 in Broglie (Eure); y 14. Juli 1827 in Ville- d'Avray bei Paris) war ein franz¨osischer Physiker und Ingenieur, der wesentlich zur Be- grundung¨ der Wellentheorie des Lichts und zur Optik beitrug. Augustin-Louis Cauchy (* 21. August 1789 in Paris; y 23. Mai 1857 in Sceaux) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker. Als ein Pionier der Analysis entwickelte er die von Gott- fried Wilhelm Leibniz und Sir Isaac Newton aufgestellten Grundlagen weiter, wo- bei er die fundamentalen Aussagen auch formal bewies. Insbesondere in der Funktionen- theorie stammen viele zentrale S¨atze von ihm. Seine fast 800 Publikationen decken im Großen und Ganzen die komplette Bandbreite der damaligen Mathematik ab. Nach dem Tode Leonhard Eulers war die Ansicht verbreitet, dass die Mathematik fast vollst¨andig erforscht und keine wesentlichen Probleme mehr ubrig¨ seien. Es waren insbesondere Carl Friedrich Gauß und Cauchy, die diesen Eindruck relativieren konnten. August Ferdinand Mobius¨ (* 17. November 1790 in Pforta; y 26. September 1868 in Leipzig) war ein deutscher Mathematiker und Astronom an der Universit¨at Leipzig. Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (* 13. Februar 1805 in Duren;¨ y 5. Mai 1859 in G¨ottingen) war ein deutscher Mathematiker. Er lehrte in Berlin und G¨ottingen und arbeitete haupts¨achlich auf den Gebieten der Analysis und der Zahlentheorie. Joseph Liouville, (* 24. M¨arz 1809 in Saint-Omer; y 8. September 1882 in Paris) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker. Er studierte in Toul und ab 1825 in Paris an der Ecole´ polytechnique, wo er zwei Jahre sp¨ater, unter anderem bei Poisson, seine Prufungen¨ 1 ablegte. Nach einigen Jahren als Assistent an verschiedenen Universit¨aten wurde er 1838 zum Professor an der Ecole´ polytechnique ernannt. Pierre Alphonse Laurent (* 18. Juli 1813 in Paris; y 2. September 1854 ebenda) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker. Seine einzige bekannte mathematische Arbeit wurde erst nach seinem Tode ver¨offentlicht, obwohl Augustin Louis Cauchy bereits 1843 uber¨ deren Inhalt in der franz¨osischen Akademie berichtete. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit waren Konvergenzuntersuchungen uber¨ die nach Laurent benannten Laurentreihen. Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstraß (* 31. Oktober 1815 in Ostenfelde bei Enni- gerloh/Munsterland;¨ y 19. Februar 1897 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Mathematiker, der sich vor allem um die logisch fundierte Aufarbeitung der Analysis verdient gemacht hat. Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (* 17. September 1826 in Breselenz bei Dan- nenberg (Elbe); y 20. Juli 1866 in Selasca bei Verbania am Lago Maggiore) war ein deut- scher Mathematiker, der trotz seines relativ kurzen Lebens auf vielen Gebieten der Ana- lysis, Differentialgeometrie, mathematischen Physik und der analytischen Zahlentheorie bahnbrechend wirkte. Er gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Mathematiker. Elwin Bruno Christoffel (* 10. November 1829 in Montjoie; y 15. M¨arz 1900 in Straßburg) war ein deutscher Mathematiker. Er studierte an der Universit¨at Berlin | unter anderem bei Peter Gustav Dirichlet | und promovierte 1856 mit einer Arbeit zur Bewegung der Elektrizit¨at in homogenen K¨orpern. Eugene` Rouche´ (* 18. August 1832 in Sommi`eres,D´epartement H´erault; y 19. August 1910 in Lunel) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker. Er war Gymnasiallehrer am Lyc´ee Charlemagne und danach Professor am Conservatoire national des arts et m´etiersin Paris sowie daneben Prufer¨ an der Ecole´ polytechnique. Felice Casorati (* 17. Dezember 1835 in Pavia; y 11. September 1890 ebenda) war ein italienischer Mathematiker. Er ist vor allem durch den Satz von Casorati-Weierstraß bekannt. Giulio Ascoli (* 20. Januar 1843 in Triest; y 12. Juli 1896 in Mailand) war ein italie- nischer Mathematiker. Auf ihn ist auch der Satz von Arzela-Ascoli` zuruckzuf¨ uhren.¨ Ascoli beendete 1868 die Schule in Pisa. Ab 1872 unterrichtete er Algebra am Polytech- nikum von Mailand. Hermann Amandus Schwarz (* 25. Januar 1843 in Hermsdorf, Schlesien; y 30. No- vember 1921 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Mathematiker und Hochschullehrer in Berlin. Er studierte in Berlin zun¨achst Chemie am K¨oniglichen Gewerbeinstitut in Charlotten- burg und wechselte dann zum Studium der Mathematik an die Universit¨at Berlin unter dem Einfluss seiner dortigen akademischen Lehrer Ernst Eduard Kummer und Karl Weierstraß. 1864 wurde er bei Kummer in Mathematik promoviert (Dissertation: De superficiebus in planum explicabilibus primorum septem ordinum). Magnus Gosta¨ Mittag-Leffler (* 16. M¨arz 1846 in Stockholm; y 7. Juli 1927 in Djursholm) war ein schwedischer Mathematiker, der sich vor allem mit Analysis besch¨af- tigte. 2 Nikolai Jegorowitsch Schukowski, wiss. Transliteration Nikolaj Egorovic Zu-ˇ kovskij, h¨aufig als Joukowski transkribiert (* 17. Januar 1847 in Orechowo, Gouver- nement Wladimir; y 17. M¨arz 1921 in Moskau) war ein russischer Mathematiker, Aerody- namiker und Hydrodynamiker. Er gilt als Vater der russischen Luftfahrt. Cesare Arzela` (* 6. M¨arz 1847 in Santo Stefano di Magra, La Spezia; y 15. M¨arz 1912 in Santo Stefano di Magra) war ein italienischer Mathematiker. Er forschte auf dem Gebiet der Funktionentheorie. 1889 wurde der Satz von Ascoli von ihm zum Satz von Arzela-Ascoli` verallgemeinert. Alfred Pringsheim, (* 2. September 1850 in Ohlau, Provinz Schlesien; y 25. Juni 1941 in Zurich,¨ Schweiz) war ein deutscher Mathematiker und Kunstm¨azen. Giacinto Morera (* 18. Juli 1856 in Novara, Italien; y 8. Februar 1909 in Turin, Italien), war ein italienischer Ingenieur und Mathematiker. Er ist fur¨ den Satz von Morera in der Funktionentheorie und fur¨ seine Arbeiten uber¨ lineare Elastizit¨at bekannt. Charles Emile´ Picard (* 24. Juli 1856 in Paris; y 11. Dezember 1941 ebenda) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker. Er war auf dem Lyc´eeHenri IV einer der besten Schuler,¨ speziell in klassischer Philologie, und bei den Eingangstests fur¨ die Eliteschulen Ecole´ polytechnique und die Ecole´ normale sup´erieurezweiter bzw. erster. Da er nach einem Vortrag von Louis Pasteur fur¨ die Wissenschaften begeistert war (damals besonders an der Ecole´ normale sup´erieuregepflegt, w¨ahrend die Polytechnique eher Ingenieure ausbildete), w¨ahlte er die Ecole´ normale sup´erieure,wo er 1877 seinen Abschluss machte, als erster seiner Klasse. Edouard´ Jean-Baptiste Goursat (* 21. Mai 1858 in Lanzac, D´epartement Lot, Frankreich; y 25. November 1936 in Paris, Frankreich) war ein franz¨osischer Mathematiker, der als Verfasser eines klassischen Analysis-Lehrbuchs bekannt ist. Adolf Hurwitz (* 26. M¨arz 1859 in Hildesheim; y 18. November 1919 in Zurich)¨ war ein deutscher Mathematiker. In Hildesheim besuchte er den damaligen Realklassenzweig des Andreanums. Dort wurde seine mathematische Begabung durch seinen Lehrer Hermann Schubert erkannt und gef¨ordert. Schon als 17-j¨ahriger Schuler¨ ver¨offentlichte Hurwitz mit seinem Lehrer erste wissenschaftliche Arbeiten. Johan Ludwig William Valdemar Jensen (* 8. Mai 1859 in Nakskov; y 5. M¨arz 1925 in Kopenhagen) war ein d¨anischer Mathematiker. In Kopenhagen studierte er ab 1876 Na- turwissenschaften und Mathematik am Polytechnikum. Noch als Student ver¨offentlichte er erste Arbeiten uber¨ Mathematik. Seine Ausbildung in h¨oherer Mathematik erfolgte weit- gehend im Selbststudium, er promovierte nie und erwarb auch keine h¨oheren Abschlusse¨ in Mathematik. David Hilbert (* 23. Januar 1862 in K¨onigsberg; y 14. Februar 1943 in G¨ottingen) war ein deutscher Mathematiker. Er gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Mathematiker der Neu- zeit. Viele seiner Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der Mathematik und mathematischen Physik begrundeten¨ eigenst¨andige Forschungsgebiete. Mit seinen Vorschl¨agen begrundete¨ er die bis heute bedeutsame formalistische Auffassung von den Grundlagen der Mathematik und veranlasste eine kritische Analyse der Begriffsdefinitionen der Mathematik und des ma- thematischen Beweises. Diese Analysen fuhrten¨ zum g¨odelschen Unvollst¨andigkeitssatz, 3 der unter anderem zeigt, dass das Hilbertprogramm, die von ihm angestrebte vollst¨andige Axiomatisierung der Mathematik, nicht g¨anzlich erfullt¨ werden kann. Hilberts program- matische Rede auf dem Internationalen Mathematikerkongress in Paris im Jahre 1900, in der
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