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A History of the City of Brooklyn and Kings County Volume II, by Stephen M

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A History of the City of Brooklyn and Kings County Volume II, by Stephen M The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of the City of Brooklyn and Kings County Volume II, by Stephen M. Ostrander This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: A History of the City of Brooklyn and Kings County Volume II Author: Stephen M. Ostrander Editor: Alexander Black Release Date: May 14, 2013 [EBook #42712] Language: English *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF BROOKLYN, KINGS CNTY, VOL 2 *** Produced by Charlene Taylor, Charlie Howard, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) Transcriber's Notes Volume I of this eBook is available at Project Gutenberg: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/41979, eText # 41979. On some devices, clicking on a blue-bordered image will display a larger version of it. VILLAGE OF BROOKLYN IN 1816 A HISTORY OF THE CITY OF BROOKLYN AND KINGS COUNTY BY STEPHEN M. OSTRANDER, M.A. LATE MEMBER OF THE HOLLAND SOCIETY, THE LONG ISLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, AND THE SOCIETY OF OLD BROOKLYNITES EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY ALEXANDER BLACK AUTHOR OF "THE STORY OF OHIO," ETC. IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME II. BROOKLYN Published by Subscription 1894 Copyright, 1894, BY ANNIE A. OSTRANDER. All rights reserved. This Edition is limited to Five Hundred Copies, of which this is No. 21. CONTENTS CHAPTER IX BROOKLYN AFTER THE REVOLUTION 1784–1810 Effect of the British Occupation on Life and Business in the County. Brooklyn particularly disturbed. Town Meetings resumed. The Prison Ships and their Terrible Legacy. Tragedies of the Wallabout. Movement to honor the Dead. Burial of the Remains. The Tammany Enterprise and the Removal of the Bones. Further Removal to Fort Greene. Organization of the Brooklyn Fire Department. The Ferry. The Mail Stage. New Roads. Planning "Olympia." Early Advertisements. Circulating Library and Schools. The Rain-water Doctor. Kings County Medical Society. Flatlands. Gravesend. Flatbush, the County Seat. Mills. Erasmus Hall. New Utrecht. Bushwick, its Church, Tavern, Graveyard, and Mills. The Boundary Dispute. The Beginnings of Williamsburgh. Rival Ferries. "The Father of Williamsburgh" 1 CHAPTER X BROOKLYN VILLAGE 1811–1833 Brooklyn during the "Critical Period" in American History. The Embargo and the War of 1812. Military Preparations. Fortifications. Fort Greene and Cobble Hill. Peace. Robert Fulton. The "Nassau's" First Trip. Progress of Fulton Ferry. The Village incorporated. First Trustees. The Sunday-School Union. Long Island Bank. Board of Health. The Sale of Liquor. Care of the Poor. Real Estate. Village Expenses. Guy's Picture of Brooklyn in 1820. The Village of that Period. Characters of the Period. Old Families and Estates. The County Courts removed to Brooklyn. Apprentices' Library. Prisoners at the Almshouse. Growth of the Village. The Brooklyn "Evening Star." Movement for Incorporation as a City. Opposition of New York. Passage of the Incorporation Act 47 CHAPTER XI THE CITY OF BROOKLYN 1834–1860 Government of the City. George Hall, first Mayor. Plans for a City Hall. Contention among the Aldermen. Albert G. Stevens and the Clerkship. The Jamaica Railroad. Real Estate. The "Brooklyn Eagle." Walt Whitman. Henry C. Murphy. Brooklyn City Railroad. The City Court established. County Institutions. The Penitentiary. Packer Institute and the Polytechnic. Williamsburgh becomes a City. Progress of Williamsburgh. Mayor Wall and the Aldermen. Discussion of Annexation with Brooklyn. The "Brooklyn Times." Consolidation of the Two Cities. Mayor Hall's Address. Nassau Water Company and the Introduction of Ridgewood Water. Plans for New Court House. Proposal to use Washington Park. County Cares and Expenditures. Metropolitan Police 80 CHAPTER XII THE PERIOD OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861–1865 Election of Mayor Kalbfleisch. The Call for Troops. The Militia. Filling the Regiments. Money for Equipment. Rebuking Disloyalty. War Meeting at Fort Greene. Work of Women. The County sends 10,000 Men in 1861. Launching of the Monitor at Greenpoint. The Draft Riots. Colonel Wood elected Mayor. Return of the "Brooklyn Phalanx." The Sanitary Fair. Its Features and Successes. The Calico Ball. Significance of the Fair. The Christian Commission. Action of the Supervisors of the County. The Oceanus Excursion. Storrs and Beecher at Sumter. News of Lincoln's Death. Service of the National Guard. The "Fighting Fourteenth." The Newspapers. Court House finished 117 CHAPTER XIII BROOKLYN AFTER THE WAR 1866–1876 Administration of Samuel Booth. Metropolitan Sanitary District created. Cholera. Erie Basin Docks. The County Institutions and their Work. The Gowanus Canal and the Wallabout Improvement. The Department of Survey and Inspection of Buildings. Establishing Fire Limits. Building Regulations. Prospect Park. The Ocean Parkway. The Fire Department. The Public Schools. The East River Bridge. Early Discussion of the Great Enterprise. The Construction begun. Death of Roebling. The Ferries. Messages of Mayor Kalbfleisch. Erection of a Brooklyn Department of Police. Samuel S. Powell again Mayor. A New City Charter. Movement toward Consolidation with New York. Henry Ward Beecher. Frederick A. Schroeder elected Mayor 132 CHAPTER XIV THE MODERN CITY 1877–1893 Rapid Transit. James Howell, Jr., elected Mayor. Work on the Bridge. Passage of "Single Head" Bill. John Fiske on the "Brooklyn System." Seth Low elected Mayor. His Interpretation of the "Brooklyn System." Reëlection of Low. Opening of the Bridge. Bridge Statistics. Ferries and Water Front. Erie Basin. The Sugar Industry. Navy Yard. Wallabout Market. Development of the City. Prospect Park. Theatres and Public Buildings. National Guard. Public Schools. Brooklyn Institute. Private Educational Institutions. Libraries. Churches, Religious Societies, Hospitals, and Benevolent Associations. Clubs. Literature, Art, and Music. The Academy of Music. "The City of Homes" 167 APPENDIX 235 INDEX 271 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS VOLUME II VILLAGE OF BROOKLYN IN 1816. (From the Village Map of Jeremiah Lott, 1816, and the Map by Poppleton and Lott in 1819, showing Pierrepont and adjacent Estates) Frontispiece EARLY FERRY ADVERTISEMENT. (From Historical Sketch of Fulton Ferry and its Associated Ferries, 1879) Facing page 28 FERRY PASSAGE CERTIFICATE, 1816 40 FULTON FERRY BOAT WM. CUTTING, BUILT IN 1827. (From Historical Sketch of Fulton Ferry) 62 GUY'S SNOW SCENE IN BROOKLYN, 1820. (From the Painting owned by the Brooklyn Institute) 70 FAC-SIMILE (same size) OF LETTER BY WALT WHITMAN IN POSSESSION OF CHARLES M. SKINNER, ESQ., BROOKLYN 90 CRUISER BROOKLYN, BUILT IN 1858 122 STATUE OF HENRY WARD BEECHER IN FRONT OF CITY HALL. (From a Drawing by H. D. Eggleston) 140 STATUE OF J. S. T. STRANAHAN AT THE ENTRANCE TO PROSPECT PARK. (From a Drawing by H. D. Eggleston) 180 STATUE OF ALEXANDER HAMILTON IN FRONT OF HAMILTON CLUB HOUSE 200 APPENDIX CHART SHOWING EAST RIVER SOUNDINGS AND PIER LINES 262 HISTORY OF BROOKLYN CHAPTER IX BROOKLYN AFTER THE REVOLUTION 1784–1810 Effect of the British Occupation on Life and Business in the County. Brooklyn particularly disturbed. Town Meetings resumed. The Prison Ships and their Terrible Legacy. Tragedies of the Wallabout. Movement to honor the Dead. Burial of the Remains. The Tammany Enterprise and the Removal of the Bones. Further Removal to Fort Greene. Organization of the Brooklyn Fire Department. The Ferry. The Mail Stage. New Roads. Planning "Olympia." Early Advertisements. Circulating Library and Schools. The Rain-water Doctor. Kings County Medical Society. Flatlands. Gravesend. Flatbush, the County Seat. Mills. Erasmus Hall. New Utrecht. Bushwick, its Church, Tavern, Graveyard, and Mills. The Boundary Dispute. The Beginnings of Williamsburgh. Rival Ferries. "The Father of Williamsburgh." During the whole period of the Revolution Brooklyn had been peculiarly disturbed. More than any other of the county towns, it had been distracted and prostrated. Farms had been pillaged and the property of exiled Whigs given over to Tory friends of the Governor. Military occupation naturally resulted in great damage to property. "Farmers were despoiled of their cattle, horses, swine, poultry, vegetables, and of almost every necessary article of subsistence, except their grain, which fortunately had been housed before the invasion. Their houses were also plundered of every article which the cupidity of a lawless soldiery deemed worthy of possession, and much furniture was wantonly destroyed. At the close of this year's campaign, De Heister, the Hessian general, returned to Europe with a shipload of plundered property."1 While the other towns were receiving pay for the board of prisoners, and thus being justified in maintaining their crops, Brooklyn remained a garrison town until the end. After the evacuation, Brooklyn's farmers and tradesmen at once turned their attention to the restoration of the orderly conditions existing before the war. It also became necessary to reorganize the local government. In April, 1784, was held the first town meeting since April, 1776. Jacob Sharpe was chosen town clerk, and Leffert Lefferts, the previous clerk, was called upon to produce the town records. The result of this demand has already been described in the reference to the missing records. Before proceeding further with the narrative
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