pISSN 1225-8318 Korean J. Pl. Taxon. eISSN 2466-1546 46(1): 55-59 (2016) Korean Journal of http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2016.46.1.55 Plant Taxonomy
Justicia kampotiana Benoist (Acanthaceae): a new record for the flora of Vietnam
Do Van Hai1, Nguyen Khac Khoi1, Ritesh Kumar Choudhary2, Deng Yunfei3, Sangjin Lee4 and Joongku Lee4* 1Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam 2Biodiversity & Palaeobiology Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune-411004, India 3Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China 4Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Korea (Received 22 December 2015; Revised 16 February 2016; Accepted 16 March 2016)
Justicia kampotiana Benoist(쥐꼬리망초과): 베트남 미기록종
Do Van Hai1·Nguyen Khac Khoi1·Ritesh Kumar Choudhary2 Deng Yunfei3·이상진4·이중구4* 1Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources, 2Agharkar Research Institute, 3South China Botanical Garden, 4충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림환경자원학과
ABSTRACT: Justicia kampotiana Benoist (Acanthaceae) is reported as a new record for the flora of Vietnam. This species differs from its allied species J. ingrata Benoist in having corolla outside pubescent, tubes slightly longer than limbs and considerably shorter petioles. Description, line drawing and color photographs are provided for species identification. Furthermore, a comparison of the diagnostic characters with those of related species is made. Keywords: Justicia kampotiana, Acanthaceae, new record, Vietnam.
적요: Justicia kampotiana Benoist (쥐꼬리망초과)를 베트남 미기록종으로 보고한다. 본 종은 유사종인 J. ingrata Benoist와 달리 외화관에 털이있으며, 화통은 판연 보다 약간 길고 화병보다는 아주 짧다. 종 동정을 위한 기재, 그림도해 및 컬러사진과 함께 본 종과 유사종의 비교를 위한 검색형질들을 제시하였다.
주요어: Justicia kampotiana, 쥐꼬리망초과, 미기록종, 베트남
Phu Quoc is the largest Vietnamese island lying in the Gulf 31,442 ha (Abramov et al., 2008). The area is known for its of Thailand, 45 km due west of the Vietnam mainland and 15 rich vegetation having 1,164 spermatophytes belonging to 137 km south of the coast of Cambodia. Primary lowland tropical families and 531 genera (Anonymous, 2006). Major vegetation forests cover the northeast of the island, and since 1986, these types of the national park include mangrove forests, Melaleuca unique insular forests have been protected as the Phu Quoc forests, palm bushlands, coastal dry forests, open Dipterocarp Nature Reserve, now a National Park, covering an area of forest, Imperata grassland and forests on the stony hills and
*Author for correspondence: [email protected]
http://e-kjpt.org, © 2016 the Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
55 56 Do Van Hai, Nguyen Khac Khoi, Ritesh Kumar Choudhary, Deng Yunfei, Sangjin Lee and Joongku Lee
mountains. encountered from the other locality of Phu Quoc district Justicia L., the largest genus in the family Acanthaceae with growing at an elevation of 219ft. This species was so far about 600 species, is distributed throughout the tropics and reported from Cambodia and China but never from Vietnam. subtropics of both hemispheres (Graham, 1988; Mabberley, Hence, we report it as a new distributional record for the flora 2008; Hu et al., 2011). The genus is characterized by its of Vietnam. J. kampotiana belongs to the section herbaceous or shrubby perennial habit, simple spike, or Rhaphidospora, which is characterized by having dichasial compound with dichasial or spicate inflorescence (rarely a type inflorescence and is distributed throughout Old World, in solitary flower), 4−5 partite calyx, tubular or bilabiate corolla, West Tropical Africa, extending through tropical Africa to 2 dithecous anthers, bilocular ovary and 4-seeded capsules. South Africa with a few species in India, Malesia, New Graham (1988) recognized 16 sections in the genus, seven of Caledonia and Australia (Graham, 1988). Taxonomic which are in the Old World and nine in the New World. His description, details of type specimens, ecology and distribution circumscription was based on inflorescence type, corolla shape, of the mentioned species are provided with illustration. anther shape, seed testa structure, and pollen morphology. Taxonomic studies on Justicia from Indochina have been Taxonomic description carried out by many workers. Some of the important outcome resulted from the works of Benoist (1935), Ho (2000) and Lien Justicia kampotiana Benoist, Not. Syst. 5: 118, 1936; (Figs. (2005). The most recent study reports the occurrence of 33 2 & 3). species of Justicia in Vietnam (Lien, 2005). TYPE: CAMBODIA: environs de Kampot, March 1914, During a floristic exploration trip to Phu Quoc district, Kien A.J.B. Chavalier 31789 (holotype: P-Photo!). Giang province of Vietnam in 2010 (Fig. 1), an interesting Mananthes kampotiana (Benoist) C.Y.Wu & C.C.Hu, Fl. species of Justicia was encountered and was identified as Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 70: 294, 2002. Justicia kampotiana Benoist after a thorough scrutiny of the Erect herbs to 1 m tall. Stems more or less quadrangular, available literature and type material (Benoist, 1936; Ho, 2000; subglabrous. Leaf blade oblanceolate to lanceolate, 5− Lien, 2005; Hu et al., 2011). In 2011 again, the plant was 10 × 1.5−3.5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, secondary veins ca. 6−8 on each side of midvein, base cuneate, margin entire, apex shortly acuminate; petiole 3−6 mm long, glabrous. Spikes axillary or terminal; rachis quadrangular, subglabrous, 1-flower per node; bracts narrowly triangular, ca. 1.5 mm long, abaxially pubescent; bracteoles similar to bracts. Calyx ca. 3 mm, 5- lobed almost to base; lobes linear, subequal, apex acute, outside pubescent, inside glabrous. Corolla ca. 1 cm, outside pubescent; tube slightly longer than limb; lower lip 3-lobed, lobes curved, lobes subequal, ovate, and apex rounded; upper lip subtriangular, erect, apex emarginate. Stamens 2; filaments ca. 4 mm long, glabrous; anther bithecous, superposed, above one muticous, lower one spurred at the base. Ovary with 2 ovule per locule, style glabrous, stigma slightly 2-lobed. Capsule glabrous, with a sterile basal stalk and a fertile head. Seeds compressed. Flowering and fruiting: January−May. Distribution: Cambodia, China (Guangxi), Thailand & Vietnam (Phu Quoc District). Ecology and habitat: The plant was found growing in coastal dry forests on rocky slopes and roadsides in association with Barringtonia, Breynia, Buchanania, Croton, Garcinia, Imperata, Rothmannia at elevations of 7-10 masl. Specimens examined: VIETNAM. Kien Giang Province, o Fig. 1. Distribution map of Justicia kampotiana Benoist in Phu Quoc District, Phu Quoc National Park, N10 25'38", Vietnam. E103o59'50'', Alt. 118ft., 15 April 2010, D.V. Hai et al. PTV
Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 46 No. 1 (2016) Justicia kampotiana : a new record for Vietnam 57
Fig. 2. Justicia kampotiana Benoist. A. Flowering twig; B. Stem; C. Abaxial portion of leaf; D. Rachis; E. Calyx; F. Open flower (front view); G. Fruit and calyx (Photos by D. V. Hai)
396 (HN); Phu Quoc District: Cua Duong Commune, Reserve, 320 m, Exped. Guangxi 1533 (IBK); Daxin Xian, N10o14'42" E104o02'04", Elev. 219 ft.,17 January, 2011, D.V. Xialei Xiang, Xinfeng cun, near Tianjuntun, 300−650 m, 16 Hai et al. PTV 643 (HN). CAMBODIA: Koh Kong, S. Hul, Oct., 2008, Exped. Guangxi 4051 (IBK); Daxin Xian, near L. Yok, S. Lim 1060 (P); Kampong Som: K.C. Cheng, S. Hul, Naling Xiang, 400 m, 15 May, 2008, Exped. Guangxi 0504 B. David & M. Leti CL-918 (P). CHINA. Guangxi: Jingxi xian, (IBK); Daxin Xian, Shuolong Zhen, Detian Cun, 23 Jun. 2008, Renzhuang Xiang, April 2005, Wei Yigang s.n. (IBSC); Napo Deng Yunfei 20635 (IBSC). THAILAND. Krabi: Ban Keng, xian, Pingmeng gongshe, Mengda dadui, Apr. 16, 1976, Fang ca. 25 m, 10 November 1930, A.F.G. Kerr 19830 (ABD). Ding & Liu Dayu 22286 (GXMI); Daxin Xian, Xialei Nature Nakhon Ratchasima: Korat, Takum, ca. 50 m, 29 December
Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 46 No. 1 (2016) 58 Do Van Hai, Nguyen Khac Khoi, Ritesh Kumar Choudhary, Deng Yunfei, Sangjin Lee and Joongku Lee
Fig. 3. Justicia kampotiana Benoist. A. Flowering twig; B. Rachis; C. Calyx; D. Open flower (front view); E: Corolla (open); F. Stamen; G. Fruit and calyx; H. Seed (Illustration drawn by Mrs. Le Kim Chi, from PTV 396, HN)
Table 1. Morphological comparison of Justicia kampotiana with its closest ally. Morphological characters J. kampotiana J. ingrata Petiole 3−6 mm long 20−30 mm long narrowly triangular, ca. 1.5 mm, triangular, ca. 2 mm, Bracts abaxially pubescent abaxially glabrous Calyx ca. 3 mm, outside pubescent ca. 4 mm, glabrous Corolla tube slightly longer than limb tube shorter than limb Upper lip subtriangular, apex emarginate triangular, apex rounded
1929, A.F.G. Kerr 17865 (ABD); Khao Yai Nat. Park, 800 m, (outside), corolla tube longer than lip and emarginate apex of 13 Mar., 1968, C. F. van Beasekom & C. Phengklai 16 (E, L); the lip. The morphological comparison between them is shown Khao Yai National Park, Khao Kieo, 14o 45'N, 102o E, 500− in Table 1. Extended distribution of J. kampotiana (which is 600 m, 31 Oct., 1969, C. F. van Beusekom & C. Charoenpol the closest ally of a Vietnamese endemic species J. ingrata) 1954 (L); Prachin Buri: Khao Yao, 800 m, 21 June 1963, Kai in Vietnam suggests speciation of this plant group in Indo- Larsen 10236 (E). Trat: Ko Kut, 13 Apr. 1951, T. Smitinand Chinese peninsula. Molecular phylogenetic study on these 286 (L); Ko Kut, 21 Nov., 1970, C. Charoenphol et al. 5107 (L). species is warranted. Summary: Justicia kampotiana is closely related to Justcia ingrata Benoist, but can be easily distinguished from later by Acknowledgments the presence of considerably shorter petiole, narrowly triangular and abaxially pubescent bracts, pubescent calyx Authors are grateful to Mrs. Le Kim Chi for preparing the
Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 46 No. 1 (2016) Justicia kampotiana : a new record for Vietnam 59
illustration. The fieldwork in Phu Quoc National Park was Benoist, R. 1935. Flore Générale de l’indo-Chine 4: 728−753. supported by the joint project between Institute of Ecology and Benoist, R. 1936. Acanthacées nouvelles d’Indochine. Notulae Biological Resources (IEBR) and Korea Research Institute of Systematicae 5: 118−119. Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB). DY (4th author) Graham, V. A. W. 1988. Delimitation and infra-generic classifica- thank the curator for the help rendered during his visits to the tion of Justicia (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 43: 551−624. following herbaria: ABD, E, GXMI, IBK, IBSC, L and P. RKC Ho, P. H. 2000. Cây C Vi t Nam (An illustrated flora of Viet- (3rd author) acknowledges to the MoU between KRIBB and nam) 3: 75−81. Young Publishing House, Ho Chi Minh, Viet- Agharkar Research Institute, India, which facilitated this nam. (in Vietnamese) research. Hu, J-Q., and T. F. Daniel, 2011. Justicia. In Flora of China. Wu, Z. Y., P. H. Raven and D. Y. Yang (eds.), Vol. 19, p. 461. Sci- Literature Cited ence Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Abramov, A. V., P. D. Jenkins, V. V. Rozhnov and A. A. Kalinin. Lien, T. K. 2005. Acanthaceae. In Checklist of plant species of 2008. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomor- Vietnam, 3. Agricultural Publishing House, Hanoi. Pp. 251− pha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. Mam- 281. malia 72: 269−272. Mabberley, D. J. 2008. Mabberley’s plant book: A portable dictio- Anonymous. 2006. Ecotourism development strategy of the Phu nary of plants, their classifications, and uses. 3rd ed. Cam- Quoc National Park, Kien Giang Province. University of Agri- bridge University Press, Cambridge. culture and Forestry - Ho Chi Minh City. Pp. 1−64.
Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 46 No. 1 (2016)