DOCSLIB.ORG

Letters and Recollections of John Murray Forbes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Letters and Recollections of John Murray Forbes CdM* fa ' W.B.CLARKE col ParkSt.Church, Bqstonj Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from The Institute of Museum and Library Services through an Indiana State Library LSTA Grant http://www.archive.org/details/lettersrecollect02forb .:/•/ //,!' J /ll , v^W-^ LETTERS AND EECOLLECTIONS OF JOHN MURRAY FORBES EDITED BY HIS DAUGHTER SARAH FORBES HUGHES IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. H. ^eJEKtergiOegre^ BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY 1899 COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY SARAH F. HUGHES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED CONTENTS OF VOLUME II CHAPTER XIV MISSION TO ENGLAND Raising negro regiments, February, 1863. — More trouble with Great Britain. — The Laird rams. — Summoned to New York by Secretaries of the Treasury and Navy. — Drafts instructions to himself and W. H. Aspinwall, signed by Secretary of the Navy. — Undertakes mission to England, and leaves by next steamer. — Ten million dollars in 5-20's intrusted to self and colleague. — Five hundred thousand pounds borrowed from Barings for account of United States government. — Friends' leaders approached. — Difficulties in London caused by Chancel- lorsville. — Correspondence with "Washington officials. — Letter from Mrs. Fanny Kemble 1 CHAPTER XV THE MISSION AND ITS RESULTS Trip to the Rhine, June, 1863. — Return to London via Paris. — Friends, acquaintances, and dinner parties in London. — Trip to Aldershot. — Debate in the House of Commons. — Unexpected sympathy. — Letter to Mrs. N. J. Senior. — More correspondence with Washington officials. — Landing in New York with six million dollars in trunks on the eve of the draft riots. — Safe at Brevoort House. — Letters from Mrs. Fanny Kemble, John Bright, and Joshua Bates. — Letter to Thomas Baring. — Letter from C. F. Adams on the rams. — Letters to Charles Sumner and William Rathbone, Jr., on the critical situa- tion. — Letter to Joshua Bates. — Letter from Gideon Welles, closing mission to England 28 ; iv CONTENTS OF VOLUME H CHAPTER XVI THE COLORED TROOPS Death of Robert Shaw. — Work in aid of enlistment of colored men. — Letter from Secretary of War. — Mr. Philbrick's work in education of the negroes on Sea Islands. — Building of S. S. Meteor begun (autumn 1863). — Improvement after appointment of General Grant. — Military affairs. — Letter to President on " true issue of existing struggle." — Correspondence with W. Evans on his interview with the President. — Ex- change of prisoners guns. — Letters from England. — ; Pay of colored troops ; letter to W. P. Fessenden, and from C. B. Sedgwick, on subject. — Correspondence with Sumner, Adams, and Sedgwick on the situation. — Shakspere festival ; letter from Emerson. — Proposed postponement of presidential campaign ; letter to G. W. Curtis. — Prompt action after Lincoln's nomination. — Laird rams bought by English government; letters from W. Rathbone 67 CHAPTER XVII THE SUMMER OP 1864 Enrolment bill, July, 1864. — Son William taken prisoner. — War prospects brightening. — Letter to W. P. Fes- senden on blockade. — Presidential campaign depressing letters from Sedgwick and Bryant. — Niagara Falls con- ference. — Stirring letter to Fox laid before the Presi- dent. — Work prior to Cooper Union public meeting. — Prospects of political campaign brightening ; letter from Sedgwick. — Meeting at Naushon of Goldwin Smith, Emerson, and others. — Extract from Emerson's diary. — Letter from Adams. — Death of Charles Russell Lowell ; his life and character. — Appointment of Bige- low as Minister to France. — Correspondence with Fes- senden on Secretaryship of the Treasury 96 —; CONTENTS OP VOLUME II v CHAPTER XVHI A WINTER IN WASHINGTON Winter In Washington, 1864-65. — Dust and mud. — Story of rebel spy. — Public finance ; letter from Thomas Baring. — Strained relations with England ; letter from Goldwin Smith. — Thirteenth Amendment passed. Advocacy of opening of Southern ports. — Correspond- ence with Governor Andrew on his plans. — Trips down the Potomac ; to Cuba and Fort Sumter ; raising of the Union flag. — Death of Lincoln. — Correspondence with Gustave de Beaumont. — Grand review. — Return to Milton. — Correspondence with McCulloch, Secretary of the Treasury, and with N. M. Beckwith, on public affairs. — Letters from Gustave de Beaumont, John Bright, and Goldwin Smith. — Fastest railroad trip on record to date, October, 1865 125 CHAPTER XIX AFTER THE WAR Public work, 1865 to 1868. — Correspondence with Wen- dell Phillips on true democracy. — Mission of Assistant Secretary of the Navy to Russia. — Troublesome history of the Meteor. — Death of Governor Andrew ; last letter from him ; letter from Martin Brimmer. — Corre- spondence with W. P. Fessenden. — Seward's retire- ment from office, 1868. — Work on Alabama claims letter to Mrs. N. J. Senior. — Trip to the Azores. — Let- ter to Hamilton Fish on Fayal consulate. — Letters from R. W. Emerson on trips to White Mountains and California. — Letter from Florida. — Presidential cam- paign of 1872. — Letter to Sumner deprecating his support of Greeley 155 —; vi CONTENTS OF VOLUME H CHAPTER XX RETIREMENT FROM POLITICS. — RAILROADS General Grant's second term ; letter to him on collector- ship of Boston. — Need of civil service reform. — Opposition to Grant's third term. — Speech at Faneuil Hall after Hayes's nomination, autumn 1876. — Pro- gress of political corruption. — Death of European cor- respondents. — Letter from Thomas Hughes. — Garfield campaign, autumn 1880. — Disgust at trickery of politi- cal managers. — Stand for proper use of campaign funds paper on this subject. — State politics. — General But- ler's election as governor of Massachusetts, 1882. Fight against him successful in following year. — Death of Gustavus Fox, 1883. — Retirement from Republican party on Blaine's nomination in 1884. — Letter to chair- man of the Independents. — Letter from Judge Hoar. — Railroad management. — Chairman of directors of Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad till death . 184 CHAPTER XXI LAST TEARS Letter to Henry Lee. — Revived interest in ships. — In- terest in preserving life at sea ; anecdote of his brother, R. B. Forbes. — Advocacy of " free ships ; " letter from William Rathbone. — Interest in Russell & Co. and Baring Brothers. — Lessening activity in public affairs. — " Old Scrap Book." — Letters from J. G. Whittier and Mrs. Fanny Kemble. — Pleasant relations with former political allies ; letters from Judge Hoar. — Tree- planting and yacht-building ; the Wild Duck ; letter from Mrs. Fanny Kemble. — Contrivances for horseback riding ; active habits and continued interest in others in old age. — Trip to Norfolk in Wild Duck. Last holiday time at Naushon. — Increasing weakness. — Leaving the CONTENTS OF VOLUME II vii island for the last time. — Death in Milton, October 12, 1898 218 APPENDIX Resolutions passed by Board of Directors of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad 239 Paper on Seward's policy 240 Index 245 ILLUSTRATIONS John M. Forbes ...... Frontispiece From a photograph by Allen and Rowell in 1881. Fac-simile of Instructions from the Secretary of the Navy, March, 1863 6 John M. Forbes 184 From a photograph on horseback, 1874. Map illustrating the Beginning and Growth of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 1856-1898 212 LETTERS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF JOHN MURRAY FORBES CHAPTER XIV MISSION TO ENGLAND My father had now entered on the year which was to bring to the country the high-water mark o£ the war, and to him the climax of his life as a pri- vate citizen doing public work. On February 16, 1863, he writes to Mr. Sedgwick in Washington : — " You have piped and I have not danced ; you have called and I have not come, though my trunk has been packed for ten days. Now I am busy, besides the Second Cavalry, in raising a negro regi- ment (see circular), also in raising a Union Club, and in various other little ways ; but the Second Massa- chusetts and its young captain will not get off for some six weeks yet (probably), and if you think I can do any good, by coming on, towards pushing up members for any of the great measures of the 1 session, such as I regard the Missouri bill, I will 1 Abolishing slavery in Missouri and compensating loyal owners. VOL. H. ; 2 JOHN MURRAY FORBES come almost any day upon getting a telegram or letter from you." There is.no intimation whether or not any jour- ney was made to Washington at this time. Such trips were so frequent as to attract little attention and all smaller affairs were thrown into the shade by his unexpected voyage to England in the follow- ing month. As the letters to Mr. Senior and others will have shown, what may be called an ugly feeling had been growing up between England and America. From the breaking away of the thirteen colonies, a certain still disdain had marked the attitude of the upper classes of the mother country for all that could be called "Yankee." They were not pleased at the material success of a Republic ; and, as to its manners, writers from their class traveling in the New World found all their prepossessions verified, and said so in print ; to be answered, on our side, by the jeers of angry and foolish writers, or by things of a very different sort, such as Mr. Lowell's delightful article, " On a Certain Condescension in Foreigners." On the other hand, these English travelers found some manna in the wilderness ; e. g. in life as they saw it in the houses of the large slave-owners of the Southern States. These Southern men, the richer of whom were educated abroad or at the North, had sometimes an air of authority and a surface of refinement which pleased their visitors. They belonged to a ruling class here, and natural affinity ; MISSION TO ENGLAND 3 drew them to the ruling class in England. They feted the English guest ; he was passed on from one great plantation to another, found his hosts delight- ful, and slavery the only possible condition for the negro; and in due course rose-colored pictures of the planter's life appeared in the London " Times," and in books of travel.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • X********X************************************************** * Reproductions Supplied by EDRS Are the Best That Can Be Made * from the Original Document
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 302 264 IR 052 601 AUTHOR Buckingham, Betty Jo, Ed. TITLE Iowa and Some Iowans. A Bibliography for Schools and Libraries. Third Edition. INSTITUTION Iowa State Dept. of Education, Des Moines. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 312p.; Fcr a supplement to the second edition, see ED 227 842. PUB TYPE Reference Materials Bibliographies (131) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Annotated Bibllographies; *Authors; Books; Directories; Elementary Secondary Education; Fiction; History Instruction; Learning Resources Centers; *Local Color Writing; *Local History; Media Specialists; Nonfiction; School Libraries; *State History; United States History; United States Literature IDENTIFIERS *Iowa ABSTRACT Prepared primarily by the Iowa State Department of Education, this annotated bibliography of materials by Iowans or about Iowans is a revised tAird edition of the original 1969 publication. It both combines and expands the scope of the two major sections of previous editions, i.e., Iowan listory and literature, and out-of-print materials are included if judged to be of sufficient interest. Nonfiction materials are listed by Dewey subject classification and fiction in alphabetical order by author/artist. Biographies and autobiographies are entered under the subject of the work or in the 920s. Each entry includes the author(s), title, bibliographic information, interest and reading levels, cataloging information, and an annotation. Author, title, and subject indexes are provided, as well as a list of the people indicated in the bibliography who were born or have resided in Iowa or who were or are considered to be Iowan authors, musicians, artists, or other Iowan creators. Directories of periodicals and annuals, selected sources of Iowa government documents of general interest, and publishers and producers are also provided.
    [Show full text]
  • “John and Judith Sargent Murray” by Bonnie
    John and Judith Sargent Murray By Bonnie Hurd Smith Author of From Gloucester to Philadelphia in 1790: Observations, anecdotes, and thoughts from the 18th-century letters of Judith Sargent Murray Introduction In Russell Miller’s opening paragraph in The Larger Hope about John Murray’s 1770 arrival in America he writes, “Little did he realize that he was to be the instrument by which a new and unique religious body was to be created, denominated Universalism, which was to challenge the grim Calvinism inherited from sixteenth-century Europe. Neither was he aware that the denomination which he would eventually help to found in America was to offer the hope of a spiritual democracy for a new nation.” And what of democracy for women – spiritual and political? The historian Susan Branson calls Judith Sargent Murray “the most important female essayist of the New Republic.” While John was preaching, traveling, organizing, and generally spreading the “good news” of Universalism, as taught to him by James Relly, Judith was publishing essays, plays, and a three-volume book (The Gleaner, 1798) to spread the “good news” of female equality, improving female education, and the “new era in female history” that young women were forging. These two extraordinary people first met in 1774, when Judith’s father, Winthrop Sargent, invited John to preach in Gloucester to a small group of “adherents” to Universalism. At the time, Judith was a 23-year-old married woman. John was 33, a widower, and an itinerant preacher from England who had been traveling throughout the colonies since 1770. After meeting the Gloucester Universalists, who were well organized and committed to Universalism, John decided to make the seaport town his home.
    [Show full text]
  • Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century
    Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wong, John. 2012. Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9282867 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – John D. Wong All rights reserved. Professor Michael Szonyi John D. Wong Global Positioning: Houqua and his China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century Abstract This study unearths the lost world of early-nineteenth-century Canton. Known today as Guangzhou, this Chinese city witnessed the economic dynamism of global commerce until the demise of the Canton System in 1842. Records of its commercial vitality and global interactions faded only because we have allowed our image of old Canton to be clouded by China’s weakness beginning in the mid-1800s. By reviving this story of economic vibrancy, I restore the historical contingency at the juncture at which global commercial equilibrium unraveled with the collapse of the Canton system, and reshape our understanding of China’s subsequent economic experience. I explore this story of the China trade that helped shape the modern world through the lens of a single prominent merchant house and its leading figure, Wu Bingjian, known to the West by his trading name of Houqua.
    [Show full text]
  • Judith Sargent Murray: the "So-Called" Feminist
    Constructing the Past Volume 1 Issue 1 Article 4 2000 Judith Sargent Murray: The "So-Called" Feminist Sara Scobell Illinois Wesleyan University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/constructing Recommended Citation Scobell, Sara (2000) "Judith Sargent Murray: The "So-Called" Feminist," Constructing the Past: Vol. 1 : Iss. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/constructing/vol1/iss1/4 This Article is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Commons @ IWU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this material in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This material has been accepted for inclusion by editorial board of the Undergraduate Economic Review and the Economics Department at Illinois Wesleyan University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. Judith Sargent Murray: The "So-Called" Feminist Abstract This article discusses the writings of Judith Murray, and critiques the notion that she was an early feminist and supporter of women's right to move outside of the domestic sphere. This article is available in Constructing the Past: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/constructing/vol1/iss1/4 Sara Scobell 4 Constructing The Past 5 Judith Sargent Murray: The''So-Ca1led'' Femlntit extensively upon Judith Sargent Murray's published essays, short stories, and plays.
    [Show full text]
  • (July-November 1863) Lincoln's Popularit
    Chapter Thirty-one “The Signs Look Better”: Victory at the Polls and in the Field (July-November 1863) Lincoln’s popularity soared after the victories at Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Port Hudson. His old friend from Illinois, Jesse W. Fell, reflected the changed public mood. In August, Fell told Lyman Trumbull that during the early stages of the war, “I did not like some things that were done, and many things that were not done, by the present Administration.” Along with most “earnest, loyal men, I too was a grumbler, because, as we thought, the Gov't. moved too slow.” But looking back, Fell acknowledged that “we are not now disposed to be sensorious [sic] to the ‘powers that be,’ even among ourselves.” To the contrary, “it is now pretty generally conceded, that, all things considered, Mr. Lincoln's Administration has done well.” Such “is the general sentiment out of Copperhead Circles.” Lincoln had been tried, and it was clear “that he is both honest and patriotic; that if he don't go forward as fast as some of us like, he never goes backwards.”1 To a friend in Europe, George D. Morgan explained that the president “is very popular and good men of all sides seem to regard him as the man for the place, for they see what one cannot see abroad, how difficult the position he has to fill, to keep 1 Fell to Lyman Trumbull, Cincinnati, 11 August 1863, Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress. 3378 Michael Burlingame – Abraham Lincoln: A Life – Vol. 2, Chapter 31 the border States quiet, to keep peace with the different generals, and give any satisfaction to the radicals.”2 One of those Radicals, Franklin B.
    [Show full text]
  • Virginia Response to Dunmore Proclamation
    Virginia Response To Dunmore Proclamation Elapsed and allied Shepard reinvolved her zibets spring-cleans funereally or pedaling profanely, is Terencio hotheaded? Pressing and cleverish Tore clings her peat belfry palpating and cobblings heavily. Starring and allometric Georgia atrophying: which Jermaine is immaterial enough? Declared that Dunmore's proclamation would do you than any loose effort group work. But also an alliance system that they could hurt their gratitude. Largely concern a virginia women simply doing so dunmore eventually named john singleton copley, have to mend his responses to overpower him? Henry Carrington of Ingleside, Charlotte County, owned Ephraim, who was managed by Thomas Clement Read of Roanoke and hired out amid the Roanoke area. Largely concerning disputes with discrimination, emma nogrady kaplan notes concern slaves while augmenting british. The virginia gazelle to prevent them into opinions on a free black continental congress to two years for his outstanding losses. What the Lord Dunmore's job? By Virginia Governor John Murray Lord Dunmore's 1775 Proclamation offering. This proclamation put it! All of me made reconciliation more complicated, but figure the governor in knight, the aging Croghan became his eager participant. Resident of Amelia County. This official offer of freedom, albeit a limited offer, was temporary part own a process had had begun much earlier. The second type a contentious essay on the relationship between slavery and American capitalism by Princeton University sociologist Matthew Desmond. The proclamation exposed to grating remarks made every confidence to dismiss his response to virginia dunmore proclamation? Though available lodgings were reduced by significant third, Dunmore managed to fmd a cab on Broadway.
    [Show full text]
  • Not Having All the Answers Marcia Stanard
    1 Not Having all the Answers Marcia Stanard !Once upon a time, in Virginia, there lived a man named Thomas Potter. He was a quiet, unassuming man, but he had faith. Mr. Potter had heard of a new religion called Universalism, that taught that God was too good to damn anyone to hell, and that every single person would be saved. !Now, in order for this story to make any sense, you have to realize that at that time, in that place, the accepted belief in the Puritan churches was that God would only save some people, and that no one knew who he would save, or why. Predestination was the word they used. The idea that God decided before you were born whether you would go to heaven or hell after you died. How you behaved on earth had nothing to do with it, although they did believe that people who were predestined for heaven probably would act well on earth. !But Thomas Potter didn’t believe this. Instead, he believed that God would save everyone. This was a pretty radical notion at the time. But Thomas Potter wasn’t a preacher. He was a farmer. And, while it’s true that some farmers could preach, Thomas Potter just couldn’t. !But he had faith. He had so much faith, that he built a church on his farm. A nice little wooden chapel. He said that someday God would send him a preacher to preach in this nice little church he’d built. He waited, and he waited, and he waited.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume One of Judith Sargent Murray's Poetry Manuscripts Tammy Mills
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University English Dissertations Department of English 8-2-2006 "Lines Written in my Closet": Volume One of Judith Sargent Murray's Poetry Manuscripts Tammy Mills Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/english_diss Recommended Citation Mills, Tammy, ""Lines Written in my Closet": Volume One of Judith Sargent Murray's Poetry Manuscripts." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2006. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/english_diss/11 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of English at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “LINES WRITTEN IN MY CLOSET”: VOLUME ONE OF JUDITH SARGENT MURRAY’S POETRY MANUSCRIPTS by TAMMY MILLS Under the Direction of Reiner Smolinski ABSTRACT Once holding an esteemed literary reputation as author of The Gleaner (1798), an eclectic collection of prose and poetry serialized and sold by advance subscription, Judith Sargent Murray (1751-1820) was virtually forgotten for nearly two centuries. The 1986 discovery of manuscripts believed to have been lost prompted critics to evaluate anew Sargent Murray’s literary accomplishments. Previously unpublished poems and letters mark the prolific author as an important figure in early America’s self-conscious attempt to establish a national literature. This dissertation makes available Volume One of Sargent Murray’s poetry manuscript journals: two hundred and twenty previously unpublished poems and two that were published in The Massachusetts Magazine.
    [Show full text]
  • An American Railroad Builder, John Murray Forbes
    LIBRARY OF THE University of California. Class AlSr AlVIEEICAN EAILEOAD BUILDER JOHN MURRAY FORBES ^ cr <» r ^^d^/ny^ay ^yUiu<?n. -c'-M' /oy/^^^^f.^^.a^^M/y^ Z^.^^^/ . AN AMERICAN RAILEOAD BUILDER JOHN MURRAY FORBES BY HENRY GREENLEAF PEARSON > ». J, 3 J ' 3 a - - > , ) J BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY 1911 e — v^ COPYRIGHT, 191 1, BY HENRY GREENLEAF PEARSON ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Published October iqij « • < • • f * » • « ' « " I • PREFACE THE present volume differs from the '' Let- ters and Recollections of John Murray Forbes/' published in 1899, not only in being an abridged biography, but in having been written to tell the story, merely outlined there, of the part played by Forbes in the development of the railroad system of the Middle West. He was president of the Michigan Central Railroad from 1846 to 1855 ; of the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad he was director from 1857 to 1898, and president from 1878 to 1881. In these positions his work was preeminently that of ob- taining capital and of maintaining a sound finan- cial policy ; the matters, to-day so important, of rate-making and relations with state and federal government practically never came within the scope of his control. The reasons why his labors were almost entirely within the field of finance are : first, that in the period before the Civil War these operating problems were on such a small scale that they could be dealt with by the general superintendents in the West; and second, that after the war, though granger difficulties and questions of pooling and rebates were assuming more and more importance, officials in the East, 225951 vi PREFACE while vaguely feeling their significance, were de- void of experience therein.
    [Show full text]
  • Phillis Wheatley and Judith Sargent Murray: Revolutionary Founders in Women’S Political Activism and Women’S American Literary Tradition
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Undergraduate Theses and Professional Papers 2020 Phillis Wheatley and Judith Sargent Murray: Revolutionary Founders in Women’s Political Activism and Women’s American Literary Tradition Rebecca L. Warwick University of Montana, Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/utpp Part of the History Commons, and the Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Warwick, Rebecca L., "Phillis Wheatley and Judith Sargent Murray: Revolutionary Founders in Women’s Political Activism and Women’s American Literary Tradition" (2020). Undergraduate Theses and Professional Papers. 270. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/utpp/270 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Theses and Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Phillis Wheatley and Judith Sargent Murray: Revolutionary Founders in Women’s Political Activism and Women’s American Literary Tradition By Rebecca Warwick 1 Revolutionary War was a nation-wide struggle that catalyzed the changes taking place in nearly every aspect of women’s lives throughout the thirteen colonies. Many women were privy to the politics of the American Revolutionary War often by association through their husbands, sons, and male friends. Even so, it was the dominant belief, held by men and women alike, that women did not possess the capacity or intelligence for politics. Many perceived that they were strictly domestic beings, and therefore could not participate nor contribute to the inherently political war effort.1 Nonetheless, a few brave women such as Phillis Wheatley and Judith Sargent Murray insisted on participating in the political dialogue of their new nation.
    [Show full text]
  • “Able and Willing to Bear Arms”: Indentured Servants and The
    Configurações Revista Ciências Sociais 26 | 2020 Economy and Society: politics, practices, agents, and institutions “Able and willing to bear Arms”: Indentured Servants and the Coming of the American Revolution in Virginia “Capazes e dispostos a portar armas”: servos contratados e o avanço da Revolução Americana na Virgínia «Capable et prêt à porter les armes»: Les serviteurs sous contrat et l’avènement de la Révolution Américaine en Virginie Antonio T. Bly e Ryan Ingerick Edição electrónica URL: http://journals.openedition.org/configuracoes/9963 DOI: 10.4000/configuracoes.9963 ISSN: 2182-7419 Editora Centro de Investigação em Ciências Sociais Edição impressa Paginação: 43-62 ISSN: 1646-5075 Refêrencia eletrónica Antonio T. Bly e Ryan Ingerick, « “Able and willing to bear Arms”: Indentured Servants and the Coming of the American Revolution in Virginia », Configurações [Online], 26 | 2020, posto online no dia 15 dezembro 2020, consultado o 21 dezembro 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ configuracoes/9963 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/configuracoes.9963 © CICS Bly, Antonio T.; Ingerick, Ryan - “Able and willing to bear Arms”: Indentured Servants and the Coming of the American Revolution in Virginia. Configurações, vol. 26, 2020, pp. 43-62. “Able and willing to bear Arms”: Indentured Servants and the Coming of the American Revolution in Virginia ANTONIO T. BLY* Peter H. Shattuck Endowed Chair in Colonial American History California State University, Sacramento RYAN INGERICK** University of Helsinki Abstract The subject of indentured servants who were urged to abandon their masters by the Royal Governor, John Murray, the Earl of Dunmore, has been overlooked by scholars. Since 1775, his incendiary Proclamation begs a series of questions historians have yet to answer.
    [Show full text]
  • Destabilizing Entanglements
    Dael Norwood University of Delaware [email protected] Destabilizing Entanglements: How the Flow of Opium, Cotton, and Capital Restructured Americans’ Relationships with China, Britain, and Their Own Government in the Jacksonian Era Missouri Regional Seminar on Early American History February 1, 2019 Draft – Please do not share or cite Norwood / 2 When the ship Congress sailed from Boston harbor bound for Batavia in 1824, it went using some of the old habits of trade, and some of the new. Jacaob [sic] Caswell and Benjamin Brintnall entrusted “one Hundred Spanish milled Dollars” to an agent aboard the ship who promised to “Carey & Invest” it “from port to port.” This was a classic cabotage strategy, designed to make the most out of small capital resources – and used upon by American traders since the Revolution. William Gray, the Congress’s owner, chose a more sophisticated approach. Rather than simply sending a supercargo with specie, Gray instructed his captain, Nathaniel Kinsman, to communicated with trusted commission merchants, resident in Asia, to plot sales and purchases “calculated to promote my interest.” Gray’s cargo choices were finely reckoned, too. He packed the Congress with $7,786 worth of Western commodities (candles, beef, flour, seltzer water) that were readily salable at any European colonial port, and invested $19,318 in opium, a smokable narcotic with a large and growing market across Southeast Asia, and especially in China’s southern ports.1 Finally, he gave Kinsman access to a $50,000 line of credit with his London bankers at Baring Brothers & Co.. This would enable him to take advantage of low prices for return cargoes: teas at Canton, sugar in Manila, or cottons in Calcutta.
    [Show full text]