Biocatalytic (De)Carboxylation of Phenolic Compounds: Fundamentals and Applications
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Genes Involved in Virulence of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria Bassiana Chapter 3
A multidisciplinary approach to study virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana towards malaria mosquitoes Claudio A. Valero Jiménez Thesis committee Promotors Prof. Dr B.J. Zwaan Professor of Genetics Wageningen University Prof. Dr W. Takken Personal chair at the Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University Co-promotors Dr. C.J.M. Koenraadt Assistant professor, Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University Dr. J.A.L. van Kan Assistant professor, Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz, Wageningen University Dr V.I.D. Ros, Wageningen University Dr M. Rep, University of Amsterdam Prof. Dr J. Eilenberg, University of Copenhagen, Denmark This research was conducted under the auspices of the C.T. de Wit Graduate School for Production Ecology and Resource Conservation A multidisciplinary approach to study virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana towards malaria mosquitoes Claudio A. Valero Jiménez Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Wednesday 21 September 2016 at 4 p.m. in the Aula. Claudio A. Valero Jiménez A multidisciplinary approach to study virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana towards malaria mosquitoes. 131 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in -
Flavonoid-Modifying Capabilities of the Human Gut Microbiome—An in Silico Study
nutrients Article Flavonoid-Modifying Capabilities of the Human Gut Microbiome—An In Silico Study Tobias Goris 1,* , Rafael R. C. Cuadrat 2 and Annett Braune 1 1 Research Group Intestinal Microbiology, Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; [email protected] 2 Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Flavonoids are a major group of dietary plant polyphenols and have a positive health impact, but their modification and degradation in the human gut is still widely unknown. Due to the rise of metagenome data of the human gut microbiome and the assembly of hundreds of thousands of bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), large-scale screening for potential flavonoid-modifying enzymes of human gut bacteria is now feasible. With sequences of characterized flavonoid-transforming enzymes as queries, the Unified Human Gastrointestinal Protein catalog was analyzed and genes encoding putative flavonoid-modifying enzymes were quantified. The results revealed that flavonoid-modifying enzymes are often encoded in gut bacteria hitherto not considered to modify flavonoids. The enzymes for the physiologically important daidzein-to-equol conversion, well studied in Slackia isoflavoniconvertens, were encoded only to a minor extent in Slackia MAGs, but were more abundant in Adlercreutzia equolifaciens and an uncharacterized Eggerthellaceae species. In addition, enzymes with a sequence identity of about 35% were encoded in highly abundant MAGs of uncultivated Collinsella species, which suggests a hitherto uncharacterized daidzein-to-equol potential in these bacteria. -
Natural Sources, Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and Health Benefits of Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Metabolites
nutrients Review Natural Sources, Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and Health Benefits of Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Metabolites Matej Sova 1,* and Luciano Saso 2 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerˇceva7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: matej.sova@ffa.uni-lj.si; Tel.: +386-1-476-9556 Received: 24 June 2020; Accepted: 22 July 2020; Published: 23 July 2020 Abstract: Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are important natural phenolic compounds present in high concentrations in fruits, vegetables, cereals, coffee, tea and wine. Many health beneficial effects have been acknowledged in food products rich in HCAs; however, food processing, dietary intake, bioaccessibility and pharmacokinetics have a high impact on HCAs to reach the target tissue in order to exert their biological activities. In particular, metabolism is of high importance since HCAs’ metabolites could either lose the activity or be even more potent compared to the parent compounds. In this review, natural sources and pharmacokinetic properties of HCAs and their esters are presented and discussed. The main focus is on their metabolism along with biological activities and health benefits. Special emphasis is given on specific effects of HCAs’ metabolites in comparison with their parent compounds. Keywords: diet; natural compounds; phenolic acids; hydroxycinnamic acids; metabolites; pharmacokinetic properties; biological activities; health effects 1. Introduction Our diet rich in plant food contains several health-beneficial ingredients. Among such ingredients, polyphenols represent one of the most important natural compounds. Phenolic compounds are members of probably the largest group of plant secondary metabolites and have the main function to protect the plants against ultraviolet radiation or invasion by pathogens [1,2]. -
Gut-Derived Flavonifractor Species Variants Are Differentially Enriched
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.30.890848; this version posted December 30, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Gut-derived Flavonifractor species variants are 2 differentially enriched during in vitro incubation with 3 quercetin 4 Short Title: Flavonifractor species variants are differentially enriched during incubation with 5 quercetin 6 Gina Paola Rodriguez-Castaño 1*, Federico E. Rey2, Alejandro Caro-Quintero3, Alejandro 7 Acosta-González1 8 1 Engineering Department, La Sabana University, Chia, Colombia 9 2 Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA 10 3 AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Mosquera, Colombia. 11 * Correspondence: 12 Gina Paola Rodriguez-Castaño 13 [email protected] (GRC) 14 15 Abstract 16 Flavonoids are a common component of the human diet with widely reported health- 17 promoting properties. The gut microbiota transforms these compounds affecting the overall 18 metabolic outcome of their consumption. Flavonoid-degrading bacteria are often studied in 19 isolation under culture conditions that do not resemble the conditions in the colon and that bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.30.890848; this version posted December 30, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. -
Dose-Dependent Increase in Unconjugated Cinnamic Acid Concentration in Plasma Following Acute Consumption of Polyphenol Rich Curry in the Polyspice Study
nutrients Article Dose-Dependent Increase in Unconjugated Cinnamic Acid Concentration in Plasma Following Acute Consumption of Polyphenol Rich Curry in the Polyspice Study Sumanto Haldar 1,† ID , Sze Han Lee 2,† ID , Jun Jie Tan 2, Siok Ching Chia 1, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry 1,3,* ID and Eric Chun Yong Chan 1,2,* 1 Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore 117599, Singapore; [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (S.C.C.) 2 Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; [email protected] (S.H.L.); [email protected] (J.J.T.) 3 Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.J.H.); [email protected] (E.C.Y.C.); Tel.: +65-6407-0793 (C.J.H.); +65-6516-6137 (E.C.Y.C.) † Contributed equally to this work. Received: 25 June 2018; Accepted: 18 July 2018; Published: 20 July 2018 Abstract: Spices that are rich in polyphenols are metabolized to a convergent group of phenolic/aromatic acids. We conducted a dose-exposure nutrikinetic study to investigate associations between mixed spices intake and plasma concentrations of selected, unconjugated phenolic/aromatic acids. In a randomized crossover study, 17 Chinese males consumed a curry meal containing 0 g, 6 g, and 12 g of mixed spices. Postprandial blood was drawn up to 7 h at regular intervals and plasma phenolic/aromatic acids were quantified via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). -
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 83 (2013) 108–121
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 83 (2013) 108–121 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jpba The profiling and identification of the absorbed constituents and metabolites of Paeoniae Radix Rubra decoction in rat plasma and urine by the n HPLC–DAD–ESI-IT-TOF-MS technique: A novel strategy for the systematic screening and identification of absorbed constituents and metabolites from traditional Chinese medicines 1 1 Jing Liang , Feng Xu , Ya-Zhou Zhang, Shuai Huang, Xin-Yu Zang, Xin Zhao, Lei Zhang, ∗ Ming-Ying Shang, Dong-Hui Yang, Xuan Wang, Shao-Qing Cai State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR, the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora) is a commonly used traditional Chinese Received 23 January 2013 medicine (TCM). A clear understanding of the absorption and metabolism of TCMs is very important Received in revised form 13 April 2013 in their rational clinical use and pharmacological research. To find more of the absorbed constituents Accepted 16 April 2013 and metabolites of TCMs, a novel strategy was proposed. This strategy was characterized by the fol- Available online 9 May 2013 lowing: the establishment and utilization of the databases of parent compounds, known metabolites and characteristic neutral losses; the comparison of base peak chromatograms and ClogPs; and the use Keywords: n of the HPLC–DAD–ESI-IT-TOF-MS technique. -
Studies on Betalain Phytochemistry by Means of Ion-Pair Countercurrent Chromatography
STUDIES ON BETALAIN PHYTOCHEMISTRY BY MEANS OF ION-PAIR COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig zur Erlangung des Grades einer Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigte D i s s e r t a t i o n von Thu Tran Thi Minh aus Vietnam 1. Referent: Prof. Dr. Peter Winterhalter 2. Referent: apl. Prof. Dr. Ulrich Engelhardt eingereicht am: 28.02.2018 mündliche Prüfung (Disputation) am: 28.05.2018 Druckjahr 2018 Vorveröffentlichungen der Dissertation Teilergebnisse aus dieser Arbeit wurden mit Genehmigung der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften, vertreten durch den Mentor der Arbeit, in folgenden Beiträgen vorab veröffentlicht: Tagungsbeiträge T. Tran, G. Jerz, T.E. Moussa-Ayoub, S.K.EI-Samahy, S. Rohn und P. Winterhalter: Metabolite screening and fractionation of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dillenii by means of High Performance Countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) and sequential off-line injection to ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 44. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikertag, Karlsruhe (2015). Thu Minh Thi Tran, Tamer E. Moussa-Ayoub, Salah K. El-Samahy, Sascha Rohn, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Metabolite profile of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dilleni by HPCCC and offline ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). Thu Tran Thi Minh, Binh Nguyen, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Recovery of the betacyanin celosianin II and flavonoid glycosides from Atriplex hortensis var. rubra by HPCCC and off-line ESI-MS/MS monitoring. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This PhD would not be done without the supports of my mentor, my supervisor and my family. -
LC-MS Resource Guide a Comprehensive Portfolio for Consistent Results in Routine and Advanced LC-MS Applications
LC-MS Resource Guide A Comprehensive Portfolio for Consistent Results in Routine and Advanced LC-MS applications The life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany operates as MilliporeSigma in the U.S. and Canada. LC-MS Resource Guide Maximize the Performance of Your LC-MS Using Proven Consumables In this guide, we provide a premier selection of proven Supelco® tools and consumables that meet the requirements of scientists who primarily use the LC-MS technique for analysis of drugs, biomolecules separation and analytical assays. • Ascentis® Express Fused-Core® HPLC/ • Supel™-Select SPE Tubes and Well UHPLC Columns improve throughput Plates for sample prep needs and sensitivity, process more samples • SeQuant® ZIC-HILIC™ technique for and get drugs to market faster separation of polar and hydrophilic • BIOshell columns with Fused-Core® compounds technology for faster peptide, protein, • Samplicity® G2 filtration system for glycan, ADC and MAb Separations HPLC samples • Chromolith® HPLC columns with • Clean, low background LiChrosolv® revolutionary monolithic silica solvents and LiChropur® mobile phase technology for fast separation at low additives specifically designed for backpressure and long column life time UHPLC and LC-MS analysis even for Matrix-rich samples • Standards & Certified Reference • Purospher™ STAR columns with Materials for Accurate LC-MS Analyses outstanding batch-to-batch reproducibility and extended pH stability • LC-MS Accessories that maximize performance • Astec® CHIROBIOTIC® chiral stationary phases for -
Microbial Contribution to Wine Aroma and Its Intended Use for Wine Quality Improvement
molecules Review Microbial Contribution to Wine Aroma and Its Intended Use for Wine Quality Improvement Ignacio Belda 1, Javier Ruiz 1, Adelaida Esteban-Fernández 2, Eva Navascués 3, Domingo Marquina 1, Antonio Santos 1,* and M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas 2,* 1 Department of Microbiology, Biology Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (I.B.); [email protected] (J.R.); [email protected] (D.M.) 2 CIAL-Institute of Food Science Research (CSIC-UAM), Dpt. Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 3 Department of Food Technology, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (M.V.M.-A.); Tel.: +34-91-3944962 (A.S.); +34-91-0017902 (M.V.M.-A.) Academic Editor: Luca Forti Received: 7 December 2016; Accepted: 19 January 2017; Published: 24 January 2017 Abstract: Wine is a complex matrix that includes components with different chemical natures, the volatile compounds being responsible for wine aroma quality. The microbial ecosystem of grapes and wine, including Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts, as well as lactic acid bacteria, is considered by winemakers and oenologists as a decisive factor influencing wine aroma and consumer’s preferences. The challenges and opportunities emanating from the contribution of wine microbiome to the production of high quality wines are astounding. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the impact of microorganisms in wine aroma and flavour, and the biochemical reactions and pathways in which they participate, therefore contributing to both the quality and acceptability of wine. -
Synthesis and Antiradical Activity of Isoquercitrin Esters with Aromatic Acids and Their Homologues
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Synthesis and Antiradical Activity of Isoquercitrin Esters with Aromatic Acids and Their Homologues Eva Heˇrmánková-Vavˇríková, Alena Kˇrenková, Lucie Petrásková, Christopher Steven Chambers, Jakub Zápal, Marek Kuzma, KateˇrinaValentová * and Vladimír Kˇren Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeˇnská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] (E.H.-V.); [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (L.P.); [email protected] (C.S.C.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (V.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-296-442-509 Academic Editor: Yujiro Hayashi Received: 27 April 2017; Accepted: 13 May 2017; Published: 17 May 2017 Abstract: Isoquercitrin, (IQ, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) is known for strong chemoprotectant activities. Acylation of flavonoid glucosides with carboxylic acids containing an aromatic ring brings entirely new properties to these compounds. Here, we describe the chemical and enzymatic synthesis of a series of IQ derivatives at the C-600. IQ benzoate, phenylacetate, phenylpropanoate and cinnamate were prepared from respective vinyl esters using Novozym 435 (Lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on acrylic resin). The enzymatic procedure gave no products with “hydroxyaromatic” acids, their vinyl esters nor with their benzyl-protected forms. A chemical protection/deprotection method using Steglich reaction yielded IQ 4-hydroxybenzoate, vanillate and gallate. In case of p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acid, the deprotection lead to the saturation of the double bonds at the phenylpropanoic moiety and yielded 4-hydroxy-, 3,4-dihydroxy- and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylpropanoates. -
WO 2018/079685 Al 03 May 2018 (03.05.2018) W !P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2018/079685 Al 03 May 2018 (03.05.2018) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: Published: C12P 7/42 (2006 .0 1) C12P 13/12 (2006 .0 1) — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) (21) International Application Number: — with sequence listing part of description (Rule 5.2(a)) PCT/JP20 17/038797 (22) International Filing Date: 26 October 2017 (26.10.2017) (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Langi English (30) Priority Data: 62/413,052 26 October 2016 (26.10.2016) US (71) Applicant: AJINOMOTO CO., INC. [JP/JP]; 15-1, Ky- obashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 10483 15 (JP). (72) Inventors: MIJTS, Benjamin; 757 Elm St., Apt 1, San Carlos, California, 94070 (US). ROCHE, Christine; 1920 Francisco St., Apt 303, Berkeley, California, 94709 (US). ASARI, Sayaka; c/o AJINOMOTO CO., INC., 1-1, Suzu- ki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 2108681 (JP). TOYAZAKI, Miku; c/o AJINOMOTO CO., INC., 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 2108681 (JP). FUKUI, Keita; c/o AJINOMOTO CO., INC., 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kana gawa, 2108681 (JP). (74) Agent: KAWAGUCHI, Yoshiyuki et al; Acropolis 2 1 Building 8th floor, 4-10, Higashi Nihonbashi 3-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 1030004 (JP). (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. -
Bioavailability and Metabolic Pathway of Phenolic Compounds Muhammad Bilal Hussain, Sadia Hassan, Marwa Waheed, Ahsan Javed, Muhammad Adil Farooq and Ali Tahir
Chapter Bioavailability and Metabolic Pathway of Phenolic Compounds Muhammad Bilal Hussain, Sadia Hassan, Marwa Waheed, Ahsan Javed, Muhammad Adil Farooq and Ali Tahir Abstract As potential agents for preventing different oxidative stress-related diseases, phenolic compounds have attracted increasing attention with the passage of time. Intake of fruits, vegetables and cereals in higher quantities is linked with decreased chances of chronic diseases. In plant-based foods, phenolic com- pounds are very abundant. However, bio-accessibility and biotransformation of phenolic compound are not reviewed in these studies; therefore, a detailed action mechanism of phenolic compounds is not recognized. In this article, inclusive concept of different factors affecting the bioavailability of phenolic compounds and their metabolic processes is presented through which phenolic compounds go after ingestion. Keywords: polyphenols, bioavailability, biotransformation, metabolism 1. Introduction In recent past, the awareness of the consumer related to the effect of diet on the health has been improved; therefore, leading to upsurge in the con- sumption of vegetables, cereal based foods and fruits. Numerous studies have suggested the bioactive characteristics of the bioactive moieties, i.e., phenolic compounds. Nonetheless, bioactive claims are made without taking into consid- eration the further modifications to which phenolic compounds are subjected once ingested [1]. Phenolic compounds are the secondary metabolites of plants which consti- tute an important group, i.e., phenylpropanoids. These compounds possess an aromatic ring and various OH groups which are link to it. On the basis of clas- sification, phenolic compounds are prorated into various subgroups. They are grouped as a function of the number of phenolic rings that they contain and the radicals that bind these rings to another one [2, 3].