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Scaling Memory: Reparation Displacement and the Case of BC
Scaling Memory: Reparation Displacement and the Case of BC MATT JAMES University of Victoria In British Columbia, people tend to view history as something that happened last weekend.... Happily, it doesn’t matter here who your ancestors were or who did what to whom 300 years ago. Lisa Hobbs Birnie ~1996! Racist injustices have played a central role in shaping British Columbia; it could hardly be otherwise in a white-dominated settler society built on an ongoing history of Indigenous dispossession and 75 initial years of official racism against Asians. Yet despite the spread of an “age of apol- ogy” ~Gibney et al., 2008!, characterized in many locales by a growing introspection over patterns of historic injustice, considerations of repara- tion still seem marginal in BC, an anomaly to which this article responds. Charting the contours of an amnesiac culture of memory, the follow- ing pages argue that BC’s aloofness from the age of apology reflects a phenomenon I call “reparation displacement.” While some recalcitrant communities resist calls to repair injustice by denying responsibility or claiming no injustice has occurred, reparation displacement works more subtly, redirecting understandings of responsibility instead. In the BC case, reparation displacement is intertwined with the politics of federalism; issues of racist injustice in BC have been conceived almost exclusively— not only by officials but often by redress activists themselves—as mat- ters of federal rather than provincial shame. While more informed debates about Canadian belonging have followed federal apologies for wrongs inflicted on various groups, including Japanese Canadians, Chinese Cana- dians and Indigenous peoples ~James, 2006: 243–45!, BC is a different Acknowledgments: The author would like to thank Caroline Andrew, Alan Cairns, Avigail Eisenberg, Steve Dupré, Chris Kukucha, Daniel Woods, and the two CJPS reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts. -
PIN Debit Networks November 7, 2013
Meeting Between Federal Reserve Board Staff and Representatives of PIN Debit Networks November 7, 2013 Participants: Louise Roseman, Stephanie Martin, Jeffrey Marquardt, Susan Foley, David Mills, Samantha Pelosi, Mark Manuszak, Krzysztof Wozniak, Tyler Standage, Aaron Rosenbaum, and Linda Healey (Federal Reserve Board) Terry Maher (Baird Holm LLP); Leah Work (CO-OP Financial Services); Jonathan Genovese and Rob Rankin (Jeanie Network); Cathy Morrissey (NETS); Robert Woodbury (NYCE Payments Network); Judith McGuire (PULSE); Scott Dobesh and Terry Dooley (Shazam Network); Nancy Loomis (Star Network); Paul Tomasofsky (Two Sparrows Consulting) Summary: Representatives of several PIN debit networks met with Federal Reserve Board staff to discuss their observations of market developments related to deployment of EMV (i.e., chip-based) debit cards in the United States. Issues discussed included (i) technological aspects of EMV payment cards with a focus on methods for enabling multiple networks on an EMV card, and (ii) the network participants’ views of issuer, merchant, and payment card network concerns related to EMV deployment, particularly as those concerns pertain to Regulation II’s prohibition on network exclusivity and merchant routing restrictions. In particular, the network representatives stressed the importance of industry adoption of an EMV model that best facilitates merchant routing choice, and expressed concern that the current approach advocated by Visa and MasterCard does not meet this objective. A copy of the presentation the -
AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE (Athl) NETWORK EVOLUTION in AMERICAN RETAIL BANKING: WHAT DRIVES IT?
AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE (AThl) NETWORK EVOLUTION IN AMERICAN RETAIL BANKING: WHAT DRIVES IT? Robert J. Kauffiiian Leollard N.Stern School of Busivless New 'r'osk Universit,y Re\\. %sk, Net.\' York 10003 Mary Beth Tlieisen J,eorr;~rd n'. Stcr~iSchool of B~~sincss New \'orl; University New York, NY 10006 C'e~~terfor Rcseai.clt 011 Irlfor~i~ntion Systclns lnfoornlation Systen~sI)epar%ment 1,eojrarcl K.Stelm Sclrool of' Busir~ess New York ITuiversity Working Paper Series STERN IS-91-2 Center for Digital Economy Research Stem School of Business Working Paper IS-91-02 Center for Digital Economy Research Stem School of Business IVorking Paper IS-91-02 AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE (ATM) NETWORK EVOLUTION IN AMERICAN RETAIL BANKING: WHAT DRIVES IT? ABSTRACT The organization of automated teller machine (ATM) and electronic banking services in the United States has undergone significant structural changes in the past two or three years that raise questions about the long term prospects for the retail banking industry, the nature of network competition, ATM service pricing, and what role ATMs will play in the development of an interstate banking system. In this paper we investigate ways that banks use ATM services and membership in ATM networks as strategic marketing tools. We also examine how the changes in the size, number, and ownership of ATM networks (from banks or groups of banks to independent operators) have impacted the structure of ATM deployment in the retail banking industry. Finally, we consider how movement toward market saturation is changing how the public values electronic banking services, and what this means for bankers. -
Order in Council 1371/1994
PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ORDER OF THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR IN COUNCIL Order in Council No. 1371 , Approved and Ordered CV 171994 Lieutenant Governor Executive Council Chambers, Victoria On the recommendation of the undersigned, the Lieutenant Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Executive Council, orders that I. Where a minister named in column 2 of the attached Schedule is (a) unable through illness to perform the duties of his or her office named in Column 1, (b) absent from the capital, or (c) unable by reason of section 9.1 of the Members' Conflict of Interest Act to perform some or all of the duties of his or her ()Lice, the minister named opposite that office in Column 3 is aptminted- acting minister. 2. Where the acting minister is also unable through illness, absence from the capital or by reason of section 9.1 of the Members' Conflict of Interest Act to perform the duties, the minister named opposite in Column 4 is appointed acting minister. 3. Appointments of acting ministers made by Order in Council 1499/93 are rescinded. 21 Presiding Member of the Executive Council ( Thts port is for atinunt tiranve purpose! only and in not port of the Order I Authority under which Order is made: Act and section:- Constitution Act, sections 10 to 14 Other (specify):- Members' Conflict of Interest, section 9.1 (2) c.,1C H-99 v November 3, 1994 a .9i i' )-11.99- 23v2., /93/88/aaa u0 • (1---1 n;ot Schedule 1 Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Ministry Minister First Acting Minister Second Acting Minister Premier Michael Harcourt Elizabeth Cull Andrew Pester Aboriginal Affairs John Cashore Andrew Petter Moe Sihota Agriculture. -
GLOBAL PAYMENTS INC. (Exact Name of Registrant As Specified in Charter) Georgia 58-2567903 (State Or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K È ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended May 31, 2004 OR ‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to . Commission File No. 001-16111 GLOBAL PAYMENTS INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) Georgia 58-2567903 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 10 Glenlake Parkway, North Tower, Atlanta, Georgia 30328-3495 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 770-829-8234 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Name of each exchange Title of each class on which registered Common Stock, No Par Value New York Stock Exchange Series A Junior Participating Preferred Share Purchase Rights New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE (Title of Class) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes È No ‘ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filer pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. -
Multi-Lateral Mechanism of Cash Machines: Virtue Or Hassel
International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research IJETSR www.ijetsr.com ISSN 2394 – 3386 Volume 4, Issue 10 October 2017 Multi-Lateral Mechanism of Cash Machines: Virtue or Hassel Peeush Ranjan Agrawal1 and Sakshi Misra Shukla2 1 Professor, School of Management studies, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh,India 2Assistant Professor, Department of MBA, S.P. Memorial Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India ABSTRACT Automated Teller Machines or Cash Machines became an organic constituent of the banking sector. The paper envisionsthe voyage that these cash machines have gone through since their initiation in the foreign banks operating in India. The study revolves around the indispensible factors in the foreign banking environment like availability, connectivity customer base, security, network gateways and clearing houses which were thoroughly reviewed and analyzed in the research paper. The methodology of the research paper includes literature review, derivation of variables, questionnaire formulation, pilot testing, data collectionand application of statistical tools with the help of SPSS software. The paper draws out findings related to the usage, congregation, multi-lateral functioning, security and growth of ATMs in the foreign banks operating in the country. The paper concludes by rendering recommendations to theforeign bankers to vanquish the stumbling blocks of the cash machines functioning. Keywords: ATMs, Cash Machines, Anywhere Banking, Foreign Banking, Online Banking 1. INTRODUCTION The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) has become an integral part of banking operations. Initially perceived as ‘cash machines’, which dispenses cash to depositors, ATMs can accept deposits, sell postage stamps, print statements and be used at institutions where the depositor does not have an account. -
Field Guide to Alternative Payments
9TH ANNUAL rewards in ways that would have been unimaginable a few years earlier. It's the new world of alternative payments, and it's pretty much a mobile FIELD GUIDE TOworl d now. That's thanks not only to smart phones but also to clever applica• tion programing interfaces and the relatively recent opening of tech shops to ALTERNATIVE outside developers with smart ideas for integrating payments functionality with new apps (for more on this, see page 2A). PAYMENTS So here we are with our 9th Annual Field Guide to Alternative Payments, The increasing commercialization of mobile and, as you might expect, it bears little resemblance to the first Guide we put payments is showing up in a proliferation together in 2009. Herein, you'll find fully 27 entries that either didn't exist back of so-called Pays from a bevy of banks, then, or that were too nascent to include. tech companies, and merchants. You'll also find more than half a dozen "Pays," more if you count services like BY JOHN STEWART, JIM DALY, AND KEVIN WOODWARD People Pay and Self Pay. The inventors of the smart phone may not have conceived of the device as a payments tool, but in due course that is what it has become. As in prior years, Digital Transactions generally defines an alternative-payment system as any network or consumer interface (a mobile app, for example) that displaces the Visa/MasterCard/ AmEx/Discover networks (seen as one traditional system for this purpose), enables payments in a way that stands apart from that network (even if it ulti• mately uses it), and/or stands between that network and the consumer in an important way. -
Average Debit Card Interchange Fee by Payment Card Network1
Average Debit Card Interchange Fee by Payment Card Network1 2015 All transactions (exempt and covered Exempt transactions 3 Covered transactions 4 transactions) 5 2 Interchange Interchange Interchange Network Average Average Average % of total % of total Average fee as % of % of total % of total Average fee as % of Average fee as % of interchange interchange interchange number of value of transaction average number of value of transaction average transaction average fee per fee per fee per transactions6 transactions6 value7 transaction transactions10 transactions10 value7 transaction value7 transaction transaction8 transaction8 transaction8 value9 value9 value9 11 Dual-message 38.2% 37.0% $36.49 $0.51 1.39% 61.8% 63.0% $38.38 $0.23 0.60% $37.66 $0.34 0.89% Discover 99.6% 99.5% $41.67 $0.65 1.56% 0.4% 0.5% $43.38 $0.24 0 55% $41.67 $0.65 1.55% MasterCard 50.8% 50.3% $37.98 $0.57 1.50% 49.2% 49.7% $38.77 $0.24 0.61% $38.37 $0.41 1.06% Visa 34.2% 32.7% $35.77 $0.48 1.34% 65.8% 67.3% $38.29 $0.23 0 59% $37.43 $0.31 0.84% Single-message12 35.2% 35.1% $39.04 $0.26 0.65% 64.8% 64.9% $39.36 $0.24 0.60% $39.25 $0.24 0.62% Accel 93.2% 92.8% $43.26 $0.21 0.48% 6.8% 7.2% $45.66 $0.24 0 53% $43.43 $0.21 0.49% AFFN 88.3% 86.9% $34.55 $0.25 0.72% 11.7% 13.1% $39.48 $0.21 0 54% $35.12 $0.25 0.70% Alaska Option13 ATH 14.2% 20.0% $50.58 $0.25 0.50% 85.8% 80.0% $33.44 $0.19 0 57% $35.87 $0.20 0.56% Credit Union 99.5% 99.5% $48.17 $0.23 0.47% 0.5% 0.5% $42.93 $0.20 0.47% $48.14 $0.23 0.47% Interlink 10.2% 9.4% $35.43 $0.35 0.99% 89.8% 90.6% $38.95 $0.24 -
The Politics of Consumption Tax Reform
Playing with Fiscal Fire: The Politics of Consumption Tax Reform by Matthew Lesch A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science University of Toronto © Copyright by Matthew Lesch 2018 Playing with Fiscal Fire: The Politics of Consumption Tax Reform Matthew Lesch Doctor of Philosophy Political Science University of Toronto Abstract 2018 Drawing on the case of consumption tax reform, this dissertation investigates the varying capacity of governments to enact and institutionalize ―general-interest reforms‖ (Patashnik 2003). The study advances a two-stage theory of policy reform. The first part explains why some governments, in spite of the political risks, decide to pursue general-interest reforms. In this first stage, two variants of policy learning—rational learning and emulation—are proposed to explain policy uptake. The second stage of the theory builds on policy feedback scholarship (Pierson 1993;Mettler and SoRelle 2014), claiming that the durability of a reform hinges on policy design. It proposes that governments can prompt various policy feedback effects through policy design and communications. Such efforts can shape the political incentives and perceptions of interest groups, opposition parties and voters at key junctures in the policy process. The study illustrates the analytic value of this approach through two distinct but complementary empirical strategies. First, through comparative case analysis using mainly qualitative techniques of elite interviews and document analysis, it compares the varying experiences of two Canadian provincial governments— Ontario and British Columbia (BC)—with value-added tax (VAT) reform. While each government chose to pursue VAT reform in the late 2000s, only in the case of Ontario was it successfully implemented while the BC government was forced to reverse its policy decision. -
Order in Council 1369/1991
PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ORDER OF THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR IN COUNCIL Order in Council No. 136 9 , Approved and Ordered NOV. -51991 Lieut nant Governor Executive Council Chambers, Victoria On the recommendation of the undersigned, the Lieutenant Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Executive Council, orders that 1 Where a minister named in Column 2 of the attached Schedule is unable through illness to perform the duties of his or her office named in Column 1 or is absent from the capital, the minister named opposite that office in Column 3 is appointed acting minister, but where he or she also is unable through illness or absence from the capital to perform the duies, the minister named opposite in Column 4 is appointed acting minister. 2. Appointments of acting ministers made by order in council 853 91 are rescinded. Presiding Mefrrber of the Executive Council (Thu part ts for admanis(ratice purposes only and ss not part of the Order Authnrity under which Order is made: Act and section:• .CODStit.utio.a Act.,5,10 other isinay), 053/91 November 4.1991 as SCHEDULE COLUMN 1 COLUMN 2 COLUMN 3 COLUMN 4 Ministry Minister First Acting Minister Second Acting Minister Premier Hon. Mike Harcourt Hon. Anita Hagen Hon. Elizabeth Cull Aboriginal Affairs Hon. Andrew Petter Hon. David Zirnhelt Hon. Colin Gabelmann Advanced Education, Training and Hon. Tom Perry lion. Anita Hagen Hon. Elizabeth Cull Technology Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Hon. Bill Barlee Hon. Dan Miller Hon. Anr e Edwards Attorney General Hon. Colin Gabelmann Hon. Andrew Petter Hon. -
New Democratic Party of British Columbia Fonds (RBSC-ARC-1394)
University of British Columbia Library Rare Books and Special Collections Finding Aid - New Democratic Party of British Columbia fonds (RBSC-ARC-1394) Generated by Access to Memory (AtoM) 2.2.1 Printed: March 09, 2016 Language of description: English University of British Columbia Library Rare Books and Special Collections Irving K. Barber Learning Centre, 1961 East Mall Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z1 Telephone: 604-822-8208 Fax: 604-822-9587 http://www.library.ubc.ca/spcoll/ http://rbscarchives.library.ubc.ca//index.php/new-democratic-party-of-british-columbia-fonds New Democratic Party of British Columbia fonds Table of contents Summary information ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Administrative history / Biographical sketch .................................................................................................. 4 Scope and content ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Notes ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Series descriptions ........................................................................................................................................... 5 , Legal proceedings, investigations, and inquiries, [1989-2001? (with photocopied materials originally dating ca. 1958-1999)] ................................................................................................................................. -
Debates of the Legislative Assembly
Fift h Session, 39th Parliament OFFICIAL REPORT OF DEBATES OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY (HANSARD) Tuesday, February 12, 2013 Aft ernoon Sitting Volume 41, Number 1 THE HONOURABLE BILL BARISOFF, SPEAKER ISSN 0709-1281 (Print) ISSN 1499-2175 (Online) PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Entered Confederation July 20, 1871) LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR Her Honour the Honourable Judith Guichon, OBC Fifth Session, 39th Parliament SPEAKER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY Honourable Bill Barisoff EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Premier and President of the Executive Council ..............................................................................................................Hon. Christy Clark Deputy Premier and Minister of Energy, Mines and Natural Gas and Minister Responsible for Housing .............Hon. Rich Coleman Minister of Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation ............................................................................................................ Hon. Ida Chong Minister of Advanced Education, Innovation and Technology and Minister Responsible for Multiculturalism ............Hon. John Yap Minister of Agriculture ........................................................................................................................................................Hon. Norm Letnick Minister of Children and Family Development .......................................................................................................Hon. Stephanie Cadieux Minister of Citizens' Services and Open Government ........................................................................................................Hon.