DOCSLIB.ORG

The Reading Habits/ Behaviour and Preferences of African Children: the Namibian Chapter in Collaboration with UNISA

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Reading Habits/ Behaviour and Preferences of African Children: the Namibian Chapter in Collaboration with UNISA The reading habits/ behaviour and preferences of African children: The Namibian chapter in collaboration with UNISA URPC/2011/37 E. KIRCHNER S. ALEXANDER A-J. TÖTEMEYER APRIL 2014 1 The reading behaviour and preferences of Namibian children: report of a study 1. Introduction to the study The study entitled, “The reading behaviour and preferences of Namibian children” has been successfully concluded. It was launched in 2011 by the University of Namibia (UNAM), Faculty of Education together with the Namibian Children’s Book Forum in collaboration with the University of South Africa (UNISA), Department of Information Science. The project comprised a pilot study and a main study. A report on the pilot study was submitted to the Research and Publications Committee, University of Namibia in November 2012. This document is a final report on the main study. 1.1 Background to the study Readership studies in multilingual countries are challenging. Developing a scientifically acceptable research methodology for the investigation of reading behaviour and preferences of children in multilingual Namibia, was a process fraught with many difficulties, some of which were almost insurmountable. The research team was faced with situations that required the breaking of new ground. Since it has generally been observed that the vast majority of Namibian children have not developed a reading habit and that this situation may be having a detrimental effect on school success, we tried to establish to what extent language, cultural and socio-economic factors may be impacting on the development or non-development of a reading culture. In 2012 fourteen languages were used in 1515 schools as main media of instruction during Grades 1 to 3 (Namibia, Ministry of Education. 2012: 42. Table 17). These fourteen languages also included the minority languages, San (Jul/hoansi), German, Setswana and Sign Language in a few schools. In the upper primary phase, as from Grade 4, students switch to English medium instruction and in addition study one of the Namibian languages as a school subject. In 2012, 55 422 students in Grade 6 were studying a local language as a subject (EMIS 2012. [Education statistic given by Deputy Director]). This is still the situation in 2014 but a curriculum change which entails the 2 extension of mother tongue as medium of instruction has been announced by the Ministry of Education to be implemented as from 2015 (see section 2.1 in this regard). One of the challenges to develop a questionnaire for 1402 children speaking up to 13 recognised languages, plus several other dialects without an orthography, was to cope with the “grey areas” that the language policy for Namibian schools does not mention. While the policy does allow for mother language instruction for Grades 1 - 3 and the teaching of the 13 languages as a subject as from Grade 4 up to Grade 12, the reality in many Namibian schools is different. Many schools opt for English medium instruction already from Grade 1, i.e. they do not offer mother tongue as the medium of instruction. For some students, owing to the multilingual nature of some regions and within some school classes, it is not their mother tongue they are studying, but a dominant local language spoken in the region. All students who did not have the opportunity to receive mother tongue medium instruction from grades 1 - 3, have no choice but to proceed with this non-mother tongue language as a subject in the upper primary as well. According to the UNICEF Trend and GAP Analysis (2011: 17), “The vast majority of San learners and most Rugciriku [Rumanyo] speaking learners are not being catered for in terms of home language medium of instruction in the lower primary school.” There are also “vast numbers of non-Silozi speakers who are being placed in Silozi medium instruction classes in grade 1 - 3” (p. 41). This also applies in the upper primary to “vast numbers of non-Silozi speakers” and all San students (p. 40). There are also many non- Oshindonga speakers who are receiving instruction through the Oshindonga medium. The choice of what language medium to use for a questionnaire designed for Grade 6 students was therefore a difficult decision. This was one of the main reasons why a pilot study was decided upon. Another question was that, if the questions should be put in English, what the level of difficulty of the English should be. Even before the pilot study it became clear that pre-pilot small group testings would have to be undertaken. Then after the pilot study, so many changes had to be made that a number of post-pilot testings and several adjustments to the questionnaire were again necessary. Of 3 particular concern was the social desirability factor that presented itself during the pilot study. In the face of militating circumstantial evidence, 88% of the respondents claimed that they were avid readers. Drastic changes to the questionnaire had to be made in order to reduce this factor and ensure more reliable results for the main study. The process delayed the launching of the main study with one year. An article entitled, Pilot study on children’s reading in Namibia: pitfalls and new strategies written by the research team is forthcoming in the accredited, peer reviewed journal, MOUSAION 32 (2) 2014. (Manuscript attached as Appendix 1). 1.2 Importance of the study The findings of the study provided information for recommendations to government, suggesting certain interventions needed to promote a reading culture in Namibia. Findings also created a basis for advocacy to educators, libraries, publishers and other authorities responsible for the education of children and the production and dissemination of children’s books and other information materials for children. We trust that the outcome will stimulate more concerted efforts to promote the reading habit, develop the various Namibian languages and improve the resources needed to ensure quality education and life-long learning. 1.3 Statement of the problem An underdeveloped reading culture in Namibia appears to be determined by a whole syndrome of problems. Contributory factors may be the low reading proficiency both in English and in the mother tongue of students, the low educational level of parents, a low or non-existent proficiency in English of parents, their non-involvement in the education of their children, the lack of reading materials in the home, child labour in the rural areas, poor socio-economic conditions; inadequate qualifications of teachers, inadequate proficiency in English as well as in the local languages of teachers, the fact that lower primary subject teacher training takes place in English (and not in the mother tongues), insufficient suitable teaching materials and storybooks for the language teachers; the small number of children’s books being published in the various indigenous languages of Namibia; the general lack of adequate libraries in the schools 4 and the surrounding environment; poorly resourced schools, often also lacking in basic amenities and the lack of sufficient basic materials such as paper and pencils; and lastly the possible deterioration of storytelling in the country. All these problems are too wide for one study to investigate. A small number of other studies have however, been conducted on some of the issues raised above. This study therefore concentrated mainly on those areas that have not yet been researched in Namibia. But in order to place findings into a wider context, published results of other studies and official statistics were used. Triangulation allows for the inclusion of information not obtained through the empirical research of a study but obtained through the review and analysis of secondary data such as other studies and statistical sources in order to enrich the study and offer a wider perspective (Theis 2003: 44). “Triangulation means drawing data from two or more methods or sources, so that you can use a range of information to answer your research questions. In addition, weaknesses of one method or source may be compensated by strengths of another, so you can have greater confidence in what you find out” (Lambert 2012: 138). For this study, information on sensitive issues such as the literacy rate of parents and the qualifications of teachers to teach the languages they teach was derived from government statistical sources. Information on the relationship of parents with the school and on the socio-economic situation of the students in the sample was given by the teachers, as the parents were not directly involved in the study. Information on the state of publishing for Namibian children was derived from publications on the subject. 1.4 Aims and research questions The study aimed to investigate the following research questions: Are grade 6 Namibian students readers? Do Namibian children read in their free time after school? What are the possible reasons why students don’t read? What do Namibian children do in their free time? Do they take part in sports, spend time with friends or work in and around the home, rather than read? 5 Why do Namibian children read? Do they primarily read for educational purposes? Do they also read in their free time for enjoyment? Do the readers read mostly in English or in their mother tongue? Why? Are there readers who, for recreational purposes, prefer to read books with facts (non-fiction) rather than reading stories? What are the characters and themes in storybooks or topics of non-fiction children like to read about? Do Namibian children read magazines, newspapers and picture stories? Are there significant differences between Namibian boys and girls as regards their reading behaviour? Which factors influence the respondents’ choice of reading material? Where do the motivation to read come from? From which source, e.g.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Faithful Members Provide Feast Sermon Video Inspiration
    Vol. 15, No. 7 www.ucg.org August 2009 News Faithful Members Provide Feast Cattle, the At a Glance Sermon Video Inspiration Church and Senior Pastor Appointed the Gospel: for British Isles Why Branding Ministerial Services, in conjunc- tion with Peter Hawkins and the min- Is Important istry in the British Isles, would like to announce the appointment of Paul for UCG Suckling as senior pastor for Britain. Mr. Suckling’s work will be focused ■ Two branding agencies on ministerial and congregational met with members of the development. In fulfilling this role he will work with Peter Hawkins, who Council of Elders Media manages the day-to-day work of the Committee along with Church in the British Isles and works with the National Council. key administrators at the Mr. Suckling is currently serving as home office on Sunday, the regional pastor for the northeast- July 19, to discuss how ern region in the United Sates and also pastors congregations in Portsmouth, the Church can be more New Hampshire, and Worcester, Mas- effective by developing sachusetts. A new regional pastor will be appointed for the northeastern a brand. Both agencies region later this year. In the meantime, are associated with the Mr. Suckling will continue to fill that position as well. Church. Four other local Jim Franks agencies are scheduled to present ideas on Aug. 6. GN Commentary Gets by Larry Salyer THREE BOYS read an article in Bonne Nouvelle, the French Good News magazine, in Kigali, Rwanda, on June 20 Over 40,000 Views (photos by Peter Eddington) Cattle have always been a valu- On June 26, the Media department by Peter Eddington Four Amazing Stories living righteously, when the odds are able possession, and no owner likes filmed a GN commentary by Clyde The stories of four members and against us? To hear the inspiring to see even one go missing.
    [Show full text]
  • War Prevention Works 50 Stories of People Resolving Conflict by Dylan Mathews War Prevention OXFORD • RESEARCH • Groupworks 50 Stories of People Resolving Conflict
    OXFORD • RESEARCH • GROUP war prevention works 50 stories of people resolving conflict by Dylan Mathews war prevention works OXFORD • RESEARCH • GROUP 50 stories of people resolving conflict Oxford Research Group is a small independent team of Oxford Research Group was Written and researched by researchers and support staff concentrating on nuclear established in 1982. It is a public Dylan Mathews company limited by guarantee with weapons decision-making and the prevention of war. Produced by charitable status, governed by a We aim to assist in the building of a more secure world Scilla Elworthy Board of Directors and supported with Robin McAfee without nuclear weapons and to promote non-violent by a Council of Advisers. The and Simone Schaupp solutions to conflict. Group enjoys a strong reputation Design and illustrations by for objective and effective Paul V Vernon Our work involves: We bring policy-makers – senior research, and attracts the support • Researching how policy government officials, the military, of foundations, charities and The front and back cover features the painting ‘Lightness in Dark’ scientists, weapons designers and private individuals, many of decisions are made and who from a series of nine paintings by makes them. strategists – together with Quaker origin, in Britain, Gabrielle Rifkind • Promoting accountability independent experts Europe and the and transparency. to develop ways In this United States. It • Providing information on current past the new millennium, has no political OXFORD • RESEARCH • GROUP decisions so that public debate obstacles to human beings are faced with affiliations. can take place. nuclear challenges of planetary survival 51 Plantation Road, • Fostering dialogue between disarmament.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Economy of Broadcasting and Telecommunications Reform in Namibia: 1990 - 2005
    The Political Economy of Broadcasting and Telecommunications Reform in Namibia: 1990 - 2005 William Edward Heuva Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Graduate Programme in Culture, Communication and Media Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. / declare that this dissertation is my own unaided work. It is being submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities, Development and Social Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. It has not been submitted before for any degree or examination in any other University. William Edward Heuva April 2007 i Acknowledgements The research project presented here has been conducted over a long period. It evolved and changed significantly over time. This is due to the nature and dynamics of the object of study. The communications sector which is the focus of this project has experienced rapid changes and transformations in the past 15 years and therefore, it was difficult to set a deadline for the project. Consequently I was compelled to extend the cut off date several times, shifting from the 1990-2000 to the 1990-2002 and finally to the 1990- 2005, in order to facilitate more research and analysis to determine the impact of the latest changes on policy and practice. My preoccupation with these transformations sometimes led to a cul-de-sac and frustrations. Nevertheless, the task is completed but not without encouragement and support from several individuals and institutions that I wish to acknowledge here. Firstly, I am thankful to my supervisor, Professor Ruth Teer-Tomaselli, who more than myself believed in the project.
    [Show full text]
  • Forsys Metals Corp
    Norasa Uranium Project Definitive Feasibility Study National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report Forsys Metals Corp. Date: 16 March 2015 Effective Date: 16 March 2015 (Rev 0) Qualified Persons: Peter Nofal (Amec Foster Wheeler) – FAusIMM, BSc (Eng), BCom (Hons) Business Economics Dag Kullmann (Forsys Metals) - M.Sc. Mining Engineering from the University of Alberta, Fellow of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (SAIMM) Martin Hirsch (Forsys Metals) - M.Sc in Geology and a member of the British IMMM Important Notice Parts of the Definitive Feasibility Study (Report) which has been utilised in various sections of Forsys Metals Corp’s National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report has been prepared for Forsys Metals Corp (Forsys Metal) by Amec Foster Wheeler Australia Pty Ltd (AMEC), based on assumptions as identified throughout the text and upon information and data supplied by others. The Report is to be read in the context of the methodology, procedures and techniques used, AMEC’s assumptions, and the circumstances and constraints under which the Report was written. The Report is to be read as a whole, and sections or parts thereof should therefore not be read or relied upon out of context. AMEC has, in preparing the Report, followed methodology and procedures, and exercised due care consistent with the intended level of accuracy, using its professional judgment and reasonable care. Parts of the Report have been prepared or arranged by Forsys or third party contributors, as detailed in the document. While the contents of those parts have been generally reviewed by AMEC for inclusion into the Report, they have not been fully audited or sought to be verified by AMEC.
    [Show full text]
  • Namibia Presidential and National Assembly Elections
    Namibia Presidential and National Assembly Elections 27 November 2019 MAP OF NAMIBIA ii CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... IX CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 INVITATION .................................................................................. 1 TERMS OF REFERENCE ....................................................................... 1 ACTIVITIES .................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER 2 – POLITICAL BACKGROUND............................................................................................................ 3 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 3 BRIEF POLITICAL HISTORY ................................................................... 3 POLITICAL CONTEXT OF THE 2019 ELECTIONS ................................................ 4 POLITICAL PARTIES AND PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES CONTESTING THE 2019 ELECTIONS ....... 5 CHAPTER 3 – THE ELECTORAL FRAMEWORK AND ELECTION ADMINISTRATION ............................................... 6 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS ..................................................... 6 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION
    [Show full text]
  • Embracing Entrepreneurship
    Southern Methodist University SMU Scholar Doctor of Ministry Projects and Theses Perkins Thesis and Dissertations Spring 5-15-2021 Embracing Entrepreneurship Naomy Sengebwila [email protected] Naomy Nyendwa Sengebwila Southern Methodist University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/theology_ministry_etds Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, Folklore Commons, Food Security Commons, Food Studies Commons, Labor Economics Commons, Macroeconomics Commons, Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, Regional Economics Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, Social Justice Commons, Social Work Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Sengebwila, Naomy and Sengebwila, Naomy Nyendwa, "Embracing Entrepreneurship" (2021). Doctor of Ministry Projects and Theses. 9. https://scholar.smu.edu/theology_ministry_etds/9 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Perkins Thesis and Dissertations at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry Projects and Theses by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. Embracing Entrepreneurship How Christian Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship can Lead to Sustainable Communities in Zambia and Globally Approved by: Dr. Hal Recinos/Dr. Robert Hunt ___________________________________ Advisors Dr. Hugo Magallanes ___________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • The Living Heritage of Traditional Names in Postcolonial Zambia
    Osward Chanda PORTABLE INHERITANCE: THE LIVING HERITAGE OF TRADITIONAL NAMES IN POSTCOLONIAL ZAMBIA MA Thesis in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Central European University Budapest June 2020 CEU eTD Collection PORTABLE INHERITANCE: THE LIVING HERITAGE OF TRADITIONAL NAMES IN POSTCOLONIAL ZAMBIA by Osward Chanda (Zambia) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection ____________________________________________ Examiner Budapest June 2020 PORTABLE INHERITANCE: THE LIVING HERITAGE OF TRADITIONAL NAMES IN POSTCOLONIAL ZAMBIA by Osward Chanda (Zambia) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Cultural Heritage Studies: Academic Research, Policy, Management. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest June 2020 PORTABLE INHERITANCE: THE LIVING HERITAGE OF TRADITIONAL NAMES IN POSTCOLONIAL ZAMBIA by Osward Chanda (Zambia) Thesis submitted
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Linguistic “Creativity” on Social Media: a Case Of
    EXPLORING LINGUISTIC “CREATIVITY” ON SOCIAL MEDIA: A CASE OF SELECTED POSTS BY NAMIBIANS ON FACEBOOK, TWITTER AND WHATSAPP A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ENGLISH STUDIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA BY TERTISIA NDINELAO NGHIPONDOKA 200816799 APRIL 2020 SUPERVISOR: DR S. SHIPALE ABSTRACT The main purpose of this study was to explore linguistic innovation, a case of selected posts by Namibian as expressed on social media platforms: Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter. In addition, the study sought to identify the strategies of linguistic innovation and to examine the motivation behind this innovation. By assessing the extent that the innovated language deviates from standard English, the study was able to evaluate the distinction of the innovated language from “incorrect” forms of English as a World English. The qualitative research approach was appropriate for the study because it allowed an in-depth exploration of the various forms and strategies of linguistic innovation among Namibian social media users. The non-probability sampling technique was used to select the 50 conversations as screenshots, which were then analysed using Discourse Analysis. The study revealed that interaction among the youth is made up of informal structures that deviate from standard English, which is a reflection of netspeak among the digital natives. The study found that the youth uses the following strategies of linguistic innovation: emojis and emoticons, code-switching/mixing, colloquialisms and slang, and other forms such as vulgar and acronyms. The study concluded that linguistic innovation and creativity depend on the social media platform, based on features such as text limits and visibility of the conversations or posts.
    [Show full text]
  • An Empirical Evaluation a Dissertation Submitted In
    BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN THE NAMIBIAN FINANCIAL SECTOR: AN EMPIRICAL EVALUATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA BY EVANS MULELE SIMATAA 9217436 SEPTEMBER 2019 MAIN SUPERVISOR: DR. ALBERT ISAACS (UNIVERSITY OF NAMIBIA) CO-SUPERVISOR: DR. FANNY SARUCHERA (UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND) Abstract Economic empowerment in Namibia has a valid historical grounding. The country’s history before and after independence, as the consequences of the apartheid regime, has been marked by inequality and profound economic exclusion of the majority black people from participation in mainstream economic activities. To deal with the legacy of apartheid, direct intervention in the distribution of economic assets and opportunities was deemed desirable. The Namibian government introduced various policies aimed at redressing inequalities of the past subjected on the black majority by the former regime. One of these policies is Black Economic Empowerment (BEE). It was envisaged that for the economy to succeed, the majority of the citizens must play a meaningful role, beyond being workers, but must participate also as business owners, executives and senior managers, entrepreneurs and also as decision-makers in the economy. The financial sector in Namibia is crucial to the growth of the economy and the overall achievement of developmental goals of the country. The sector, in response to the call by government to transform, developed and adopted a voluntary charter to spearhead, guide and drive the implementation of BEE in the sector. This study evaluates the implementation outcomes of BEE in the financial sector of Namibia.
    [Show full text]
  • Language and Place-Making: Public Signage in the Linguistic Landscape of Windhoek's Central Business District
    LANGUAGE AND PLACE-MAKING: PUBLIC SIGNAGE IN THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF WINDHOEK’S CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT by Danielle Zimny Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of General Linguistics in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Dr Marcelyn Oostendorp Co-supervisor: Ms Robyn Berghoff December 2017 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this thesis/dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Danielle Zimny Date: December 2017 Copyright © 2017 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Marcelyn Oostendorp, and co-supervisor, Ms Robyn Berghoff, for providing me with valuable guidance throughout the phases of this study. I would additionally like to thank Stellenbosch University for granting me a merit bursary for the duration of my Master’s course. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract Investigating linguistic landscapes (LLs) has primarily been a matter of assessing language use in public signage. In its early days research in the field focused largely on quantitative analysis and typically drew direct relations between the prevalence (or absence) of languages in the public signs of an LL and the ethnolinguistic vitality of such languages.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study of Code- Switching in Multilingual Namibian Keyboard-To
    31 A Case Study of Code- 1. Introduction In a linguistically diverse setting like Nami- Switching in Multilingual bia, it is not surprising that code-switching Namibian Keyboard-to- he Republic of Namibia in southern constitutes a widespread practice among the Africa cannot only be characterized population and is not limited to face-to-face Screen Communication communication – especially in the light of T by its cultural diversity and multi- Journal Article ethnicity, the population’s de facto multi- devices like smart phones and other new Frederic Zähres lingualism seems ubiquitous (cf., e.g., Busch- technologies versus the related new forms of feld & Kautzsch 2014: 122-123; Kautzsch & communication, which have emerged only in Despite its multilingual setting, Namibia’s Schröder forthc.: 1). Interestingly, the coun- recent times and have spread so fast around sociolinguistic situation has attracted little attention by researchers at this point. try has maintained a monolingual language the globe that (linguistic) research only hardly keeps pace with it (cf. Brock & While English has been the sole official policy – with English as the sole official lan- language for over 20 years, at least 10 guage – ever since its independence in 1990 Schildhauer fc.; Dürscheid & Frick 2014). other languages can be encountered in the (cf. Frydman 2011; Wallace 2011: 309). This Keyboard-to-screen communication – either southern African country, whereas English in the form of text messaging or, more is seldom acquired as L1. mostly ideologically-based decision, how- Keyboard-to-screen communication ever, does not reflect the linguistic daily life recently, represented by the smart phone (KSC), i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Aus Dem Zentrum Für Innere Medizin Bereich Endokrinologie & Diabetologie Leiter: Professor Dr
    Aus dem Zentrum für Innere Medizin Bereich Endokrinologie & Diabetologie Leiter: Professor Dr. med. Dr. phil. Peter Herbert Kann des Fachbereichs Medizin der Philipps-Universität Marburg The change of lifestyle in an indigenous Namibian population group (Ovahimba) is associated with alterations of glucose metabolism, metabolic parameters, cortisol homeostasis and parameters of bone quality (quantitative ultrasound). Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der gesamten Humanmedizin dem Fachbereich Medizin der Philipps-Universität Marburg vorgelegt von Anneke M. Wilhelm geb. Voigts aus Windhoek/Namibia Marburg, 2014 II Angenommen vom Fachbereich der Medizin der Philipps-Universität Marburg am: 10. Juli 2014 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs. Dekan: Herr Prof. Dr. H. Schäfer Referent: Herr Prof. Dr. Dr. Peter Herbert Kann 1. Koreferent: Herr Prof. Dr. P. Hadji III IV to Martin and to my parents for their faith in me V VI Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. VII GENERAL INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1 OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................................. 3 PART A THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .......................................................... 5 CHAPTER 1 DIABETES ......................................................................................... 6 1. Definition, Classification, Treatment
    [Show full text]