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(1986) Clay microstructure, International Human Resources Development Corp., Houston, pp. 1-16. Best, M.E., and Katsube, T.J. (1995) Shale permeability and its significance in hydrocarbon exploration, The Leading Edge, No. 3, vol. 14, pp. 165-170. Bieniawski, Z.T. (1974) Estimating the strength of rock materials, Journ.South African, Inst.of Min. and Metal., No.74, pp. 312-320. Bieniawski, Z.T. (1975) The point load test in geotechnical practice, Engineering Geology, vol. 9, pp. 1-11. Bieniawski, Z.T., Denkhaus, H.C., and Vogler, U.W. (1970) Failure of fractured rock, Int. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. and Geomech. Abstr., No.6, pp. 323-346. Bishop A.W., and Henkel, D.J. (1962) The measurement of soil properties in the triaxial test - Edward Arnold Ltd. Bjerrum, L. (1967) Progressive failure in slopes of overconsoildated plastic clay and clay shales, Journal of Soil Mechanics Foundations Division, vol.93, pp. 3-49. Botts, M.E. (1998) Effects of slaking on the strength of clay shales: Acritical state approach. The Geotechnics of Hard Soils-Soft Rocks, Evangelista, A., and Picarelli, L. (eds), Balkema, No.1, pp. 447-458. Branagan, D.F. (1983b) The Sydney basin and its vanished sequence, Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, vol. 30, pp. 75-84. Branagan, D.F., Herbert, C., and Langord-Smith, T. (1976) An outline of the geology and geomorphology of the Sydney basin. 60p. Science Press for Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Sydney. Brindley, G.W., and Brown, G. (1980) Crystal structure of clay minerals and their x- ray identification, Min. Soc., Great Britain, 495p. British Standard Institution (1975) Determination of the specific gravity of soil particles, BS 1377: Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, Test 6(B). BS 1377 (1990). Methods of Testing Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, Measurements of shearing resistance, British Standards Institution, London. Bibliography 302 British Standard Institution (1975) Determination of bulk and dry density of an irregular lump, BS 1377: Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, Tests 15 (E) and 15 (F). British Standards Institute (1957) Site investigation, British Standard Code of Practice, CP2001. Broch, E and Franklin, JA (1972) The point load strength test, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, No.9, pp. 669-697. Broch, E. and Franklin, J.A. (1972) The point load strength test, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., vol. 9, pp. 669-697. Bromhead, E.N. (1979) A simple ring shear apparatus. Ground Engineering, No.5, vol. 12, pp. 42-44. Bromhead, E.N. (1986) The stability of slopes. Surrey University Press. Brown, E.T., Richards, L.R., and Barr, M. V. (1977) Shear strength characteristics of Delabole slates, Proceedings, Conference of Rock Engineering, New Castle Upon Tyne, pp. 31-51. Brown, G. (1961) The x-ray identification and crystal structures of clay minerals, Mineralogical Society, Clay Mineral Group, London, 544p. Burgess, P.I. (1977) The role of engineering geology in developing Sydney’s environment-past, present, and future, Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering geology, No. 15, pp. 17-20. Burland, J.B. (1995) Monitoring the foundations of the leaning tower of Pisa, instrumentation in geotechnical engineering, Proceedings, Geotechnical Division of the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers. Burland, J.B. (1989) Small is beautiful-the stiffness of soil at small strains, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, No. 26, pp. 499-516. Burland, J.B., Rampello, S., Georgiannous, V., and Calabresi, G. (1996) A laboratory study of the strength of four stiff clays, Geotechnique, No. 3, vol. 46, pp. 491-514. Butterfield, R. (1979) A natural compression law for soils (an advanced on e-log p’), technical note. Geomechanique, No.29, vol.4, pp. 469-480. Calvert, C.S. (1989) Quantitative mineral analysis of clays, Mumpton, F.A. (ed.), Clay Minerals Society, vol.1, pp. 1-6. Carminati, S., Brignoli, M., di Marco, A., and Santarelli, F.J. (1997) The activity concept applied to shale: consequences for oil, tunnelling and civil engineering operations. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, No. 3- 4, vol 34, paper No. 038. Bibliography 303 Carroll, D. (1970) Clay minerals, A Guide to their x-ray identification, Geological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 126. Carver, R.E. (1971) Procedures in sedimentary petrology. John Wiley and Sons. Chandler, K. (1999) Douglas Partner, personal communication. Chandler, R.J. (1970). Shallow slab slide in the Lias clay near Uppingham, Rutland, Geo-technique, vol. 20, pp. 253-260. Charman, P.V., Murphy, B.W. (2000) Soils: their properties and management, Oxford University Press, South Melbourne. Chenevert, M.E. 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