2015 DC Affordable Living Design Competition COMPETITION ENTRY
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2015 DC Affordable Living Design Competition COMPETITION ENTRY PLACE WATER HEALTH & HAPPINESS ENERGY MATERIALS FIVE TO ONE EQUITY BEAUTY 521 2015 DC Affordable Living Design Competition COMPETITION ENTRY COMING TOGETHER The development of human and social infrastructure in parallel with this built asset results in more than just a living building: it’s a thriving, regenerative community able to author its own future. Competition overview COMPETITION Opportunity to achieve the highest goal in BRIEF sustainable development - Build a certifi ed Living Building in Washington, DC SPONSORS • International Living Future Institute (ILFI) • DHCD • DDOE PROGRAM • 10-15 single family aff ordable townhomes • Maximize usable outdoor space • Fulfi ll the 20 Imperatives of the Living Building Challenge SITE • 5700 Block of Dix Street NE, Washington, DC. • Ward 7; Deanwood Heights Neighborhood • Site Area : 32,319 SF Owned by DHCD and is also a PADD site DC / MD LINE DC / MD LINE ARBORETUM DC / MD LINE tHE LIVING BUILDING CHALLENGE A PHILOSOPHY, ADVOCACY AND CERTIFICATION PROGRAM of the International Living Future Institute The Living Building Challenge is the built environment’s most rigorous performance standard. It calls for the creation of building projects at all scales that operate as cleanly, beautifully and effi ciently as nature’s architecture. To be certifi ed under the Challenge, projects must meet a series of ambitious performance requirements over a minimum of 12 months of continuous occupancy. THERE ARE: 7 PETALS CONTAINING 20 REQUIRED IMPERATIVES PLACE 01. LIMITS TO GROWTH 02. URBAN AGRICULTURE 03. HABITAT EXCHANGE WATER 04. CAR FREE LIVING 05. NET POSITIVE WATER ENERGY 06. NET POSITIVE ENERGY 07. CIVILIZED ENVIRONMENT HEALTH + 08. HEALTHY INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT 09. BIOPHILIC ENVIRONMENT HAPPINESS 10. RED LIST 11. EMBODIED CARBON FOOTPRINT MATERIALS 12. RESPONSIBLE INDUSTRY 13. LIVING ECONOMY SOURCING 14. NET POSITIVE WASTE EQUITY 15. HUMAN SCALE + HUMANE PLACES 16. UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO NATURE & PLACE 17. EQUITABLE INVESTMENT BEAUTY 18. JUST ORGANIZATIONS 19. BEAUTY + SPIRIT 20. INSPIRATION + EDUCATION PROJECT SUMMARY & ACHIEVING LBC CERTIFICATION PLACEPLACE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY WAWATERTER Project Materials & PRICING MANUFACTURER’S ADVOCACY HAPPINESSHAPPINESS APPENDIX & SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ENERENERGYGY MATERIALSMATERIALS EQUITYEQUITY BEAUTYBEAUTY TABLE OF CONTENTS PROJECT SUMMARY & ACHIEVING LBC CERTIFICATION SUMMARY NARRATIVE Introduction The Living Building Challenge specifi cally targets aff ordable housing development as a crucial part of its eff orts to transform how buildings are designed and constructed. The backbone of this submission is the creation of a beautiful, energy producing, resource preserving, community-strengthening townhouse development that meets current DHCD mandated costs for constructing for sale aff ordable housing. At the outset, the team determined the carrying capacity of the site, thereby defi ning the energy and water use limits (See Appendix A). A pro-forma was run for fi fteen aff ordable townhouses (See Appendix B). Building systems were created to use the available water and to generate energy. A site plan layout was established that both respects the urban grid and responds to the Offi ce of Planning’ Small Area Plan whose vision includes on-site corner retail (See Appendix C). Extensive research on the site context, community institutions, and neighborhood amenities further informed the design. Response to local climate data—including passive strategies of thermal mass, natural ventilation, and solar potential—became design solutions for the townhouses (See Appendix D). The team deployed these and other low-cost/no-cost design options to reduce mechanical system activation. These initial steps culminated with early contractor-generated pricing and began an on-going integrated-design process and discussion of how to meet all of the requirements of the Living Building Challenge, including how to overcome design hurdles and fi nancial burdens (See Appendix E, F, G). The initial results were eye opening: square footage costs were 220% over budget (based on DHCD established values.) Open discussions centered on meeting all of the Living Building Challenge requirements in an aff ordable manner. The team targeted components for value-engineering and pursued creative funding opportunities. DC PACE fi nancing and RiverSmart funding are two opportunities that were employed. Onsite solar PV panels and an up-sized geothermal system generate income, reducing costs over time. In addition, these systems provide environmental and resiliency benefi ts to the project, the neighborhood, and the urban energy infrastructure. Site and Existing Built Environment The proposed project is located at 5700 block of Dix Street NE, within a neighborhood known as Northeast Boundary, part of DC’s Ward 7. Northeast Boundary is a predominantly African-American, residential community and is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the District. Low-to-moderate density housing, including single-family homes and small garden apartments predominate. The for-sale housing market in the area is not strong relative to neighborhoods north and west, while retail development, and existing retail, remains very limited (See Appendix H). View from southeast corner View of the south side of Dix Street View from northeast corner View from southwest corner View from northwest corner Figure 1: Site photos surrounding the project site Site Plan: Site Amenities The fi fteen townhouses face 57th, Dix and 58th Streets, giving the project a street presence similar to a typical DC row-house block. Two separate community spaces are proposed, each serving a diff erent function. The fi rst, more public space, is located at the southwest corner of the site. It faces the bike trail entry into Marvin Gaye Park which connects to several metro stations, providing easy access to alternative transportation (See Appendix I). This pocket park is fl anked by two Live-Work Units and has a large community garden and public gathering area. The garden is a response to the LBC requirement for on-site food production and addresses the dearth of nearby grocery stores. One of the Live-Work Units can accommodate future retail on the ground fl oor as population density and demand grow in the area. The other Live-Work Unit contains a space solely dedicated to the community. This multi-purpose room is at the heart of the project: it provides a space for job training, ANC meetings, or a headquarters for local non-profi ts. This space can also serve as the meeting place for an annual ‘open house’ day for the public at large. FUTURE RETAIL SPACE AT GROUND LEVEL COMMUNITY SPACE AT 40 ADDITIONAL GRADE DEVOTED TO: GEOTHERMAL WELLS 1. JOBS TRAINING BUILT TO SELL THE 2. HOA MEETINGS EFFICIENCY TO THE 3. EDUCATIONAL NEIGHBORING PROPERTY OUTREACH OWNERS 4. COMMUNITY GARDEN MAINTENANCE SHADE PROVIDING, PERVIOUS GRAVEL WATER-COLLECTING SITE ELEMENTS OUTDOOR GATHERING PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY SPACE FOR COMMUNITY FUNCTIONS 57TH ST LOW PLANTERS TO COMMUNITY GARDEN PROVIDE DEMARKATION PLANTER BEDS SET OF SPACE AND AT VARYING HEIGHTS PROTECTION TO ACCOMODATE ALL PERSONS DIFFERENT PAVING NEW STREET LIGHTS TO TO HIGHLIGHT PUBLIC MARK GATHERING SPACE COMMUNITY AREA CAPITAL BIKESHARE DIFFERENT PAVING TO STATION CONNECTED TO HIGHLIGHT PEDESTRIAN DIX ST WATTS BRANCH CREEK CROSSWALK AND TRAILHEAD CONNECTION TO TRAIL ADJACENT VACANT COMMERCIAL SHEDS KEY PLAN WILL BE USED FOR RELATED JOBS THAT OFFER TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEIGHBORHOOD N RESIDENTS. MARVIN GAYE PARK Figure 2: Enlarged plan of the public community space The second community area, at the back side of the project, is for use by the development’s multi-generational residents. It incorporates a small recreation area with seating, a horse-shoe pit, and grassy areas for play. This area also contains the project’s common mechanical room. Meant to act as an educational feature of the project, its large windows provide views of the enclosed, brightly colored system piping. Installed interpretive signage illustrates how the system functions. In addition, large dashboards display information about the systems’ consumption and generation. PARKING PROVIDED (1 SPACE PER DWELLING UNIT BECAUSE OF ITS MARKETABILITY. CAN BE CONVERTED TO BASKETBALL COURT PROPERTY LINE OVER TIME QUIET, PROTECTED SEATING AREA CONSTRUCTED WETLAND IS FUNCTIONAL AND PROVIDES A VISUAL BARRIER BETWEEN THE HOMES AND THE PARKING AREA 58TH ST MECHANICAL SPACE WITH EDUCATIONAL FEATURES DIFFERENT PAVING TO HIGHLIGHT PUBLIC GLASS COVER TO COMMUNITY AREA EXPOSE PIPING SYSTEM FUTURE RETAIL SPACE AT HORSESHOE PIT GROUND LEVEL KEY PLAN NEW STREET LIGHTS TO MARK GATHERING SPACE DIX ST STORMWATER RETENTION STREET TREE N BOXES Figure 3: Enlarged plan of the private community space Parking is provided on-site at a rate of one space per townhouse. Over time, and as parking demands decrease, this area can be re-purposed into a basketball court or other recreational use. One means of reducing car usage by residents is to encourage the use of the bike trail. To that end, a new Capital Bikeshare Station, improved lighting and signage, and diff erential paving have been incorporated into the site plan at the pocket park. The parking is shielded from view by the residents from a vegetated wetland that naturally fi lters the minimal blackwater that is generated on-site—from the kitchen sink and any contaminated runoff from the mechanical room. Townhouse Design The proposed townhouses represent truly integrated design: every facet of the building’s function and appearance are melded together (See Apendix J). Vernacular elements—front and back porches, sun shades, solar chimney, operable window size and location—work passively to mitigate heat gain. Most of the units contain 3 bedrooms, a fourth fl oor fl exible space, and an open fi rst fl oor plan that includes kitchen, living and dining rooms. There are three Live-Work Units which have an open ground fl oor and separate entry from the residential unit above. As currently designed, the ground fl oor space can be used for a home offi ce or converted into an income-generating studio apartment. The units above have an open living space and two bedrooms.