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Enzymatic Treatment of Polyester Fabrics Digitally Printed Science ile & xt e E Ibrahim and Abd El-Salam, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:3 T n f g o i n DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000113 l e a e n r r i n u Journal of Textile Science & Engineering g o J ISSN: 2165-8064 Research Article OpenOpen Access Access Enzymatic Treatment of Polyester Fabrics Digitally Printed DF Ibrahim1* and SH Abd El-Salam2 Textile Printing, Dyeing and Finishing Dept, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Giza, Egypt Abstract 100% polyester fabrics were digitally printed after merging the enzymatic treatment with lipase enzyme with the ink jet pretreatment bath. The color strength of the digitally printed polyester samples was clearly increased after the enzymatic treatment for about 10–30%. The presented work addresses a number of advantages over convention methods like time and energy saving through merging two stages of work in one bath, enzymatic and ink jet pretreatment. Several factors affecting the biotreatment process were studied in details and results were addressed. Introduction the bath components. Concerns regarding health, energy and environment drove the Another aim of work is that both techniques were going in the improvement of enzyme technology in textile industry. Enzymatic same line for environmentally friendly technology. Meanwhile with processing of natural fibers covers a wide-range of operations, from respect to all which has been addressed before, this research aims to: cleaning preparations to finishing. In addition to natural fibers, - Improves digitally printing of polyester fabrics using disperse enzymatic hydrolysis on synthetic fibers has been explored to enhance dyes. their hydrophylicity using lipases, polyesterases and cutinases Figure 1. Among these enzymes, lipases have been reported as hydrolyzing ester - Applies a new technique in textile wet processing. linkages in polyethylene terepHthalate, thus producing hydroxyl and - Save energy, time and money (representing in merging two carboxylic groups [1]. processes). On the other hand, total global production of printed textiles is - Green production by using green substrates and technology. widely covering a wide range 25-30 billion meters per annum. Around 97% is screen printed and the remaining 3% is digitally printed. Over Experimental Works the next 5-years, a large percentage of production will shift to digital Materials and dyestuff printing applications. Analysts predict that within 5-years, 15% of Throughout this research a 100% scoured and bleached polyester globally printed textiles will be digitally produced [2]. This interest has fabric, with fabric structure plain weave 1/1, 80 g/m2 weight, supplied been fulfilled by the rapid advantages of digital printing technology. by Happy Tex. for Spinning & Weaving Company- Egypt, was used. Ink jet printing offers many advantages like fully integrated system A hydrophobic disperse dye was used in the present study, supplied with CAD, no screens needed, friendly to environment, easy change of as original ink jet dyes of printing (CMYK to obtain red color), design and no restrictions on repeats [3,4]. produced by Ink Tec. Co. Ltd, Korea. Lipase MP Enzyme supplied In spite of all these advantages, polyester fabric has a lower ability from biomedical LLC France, sodium alginate thickener and formic to hold water and inks due to the smooth morphology and chemical acid, with commercial grade. properties of polyester fibers [5]. Technical procedures In this present work polyester fabric was treated with lipase enzyme The two routes of treatment were sited in this work: based on two different routes: First: enzymatic treatment before ink jet pretreatment bath: - First: In a separate bath before digital printing. Polyester samples were treated in a previous separate biotreatment bath - Second: In the pretreatment bath of ink jet printing mixed with of polyester fabrics using lipase enzyme with different concentrations: X g/l lipase enzyme (0, 0.5, 0.9, 1.5 and 2 g/ l ), at room temperature O for 30 mins at pH level 7. OH 2C O H C 2 O O *Corresponding author: Dalia F Ibrahim, Textile Printing, Dyeing and Finishing Dept, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Giza, Egypt, E-mail: drdaliafekry@ Trlacylglycerol hotmail.com Received March 29, 2012; Accepted April 16, 2012; Published April 18, 2012 O CH 2OH Citation: Ibrahim DF, Abd El-Salam SH (2012) Enzymatic Treatment of Polyester OH + HO Fabrics Digitally Printed. J Textile Sci Eng 2:113. doi:10.4172/2165-8064.1000113 CH OH Fatty Acid 2 Copyright: © 2012 Ibrahim DF, et al. This is an open-access article distributed Glycerol under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits Figure 1: Lipase action on ester chains of polyester. unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. J Textile Sci Eng ISSN: 2165-8064 JTESE, an open access journal Volume 2 • Issue 3 • 1000113 Citation: Ibrahim DF, Abd El-Salam SH (2012) Enzymatic Treatment of Polyester Fabrics Digitally Printed. J Textile Sci Eng 2:113. doi:10.4172/2165- 8064.1000113 Page 2 of 4 After enzymatic treatment, the temperature of the bath was raised Quant 5.37, tensile strength H5KT/130 – USA, according to ASTM: D to stop enzyme activity, and then the samples were rinsed with hot and 5034 - 2008 standards. cold water then dried. Polyester samples were then padded in ink jet pretreatment bath and finally digitally printed and fixed, as follows: Results and Discussion I. Pre-treatment bath: (Traditional pre-treatment bath of Separately previous polyester enzymatic treatment: polyester) Effect of lipase enzyme concentration: Different concentrations Control sample of lipase enzyme were used (0, 0.5, 0.9, 1.5 and 2 g/l) in a separate bath for polyester fabrics biotreatment (before ink jet pretreatment and 100 gm/l sodium alginate 4% printing) in order to improve the fabric hydrophilicity and absorbance. 900 gm/l water As lipase catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds, regenerating water 1000 gm / l soluble glycerol and water insoluble fatty acid, which then can be converted to water soluble salts by the addition of the alkali [7]. Adjust pH level to 6.2 using formic acid and then, padding is done approximately to 70% pick up. Allow the mixture to dry at room The K/S values of the biotreated and printed fabrics are plotted temperature [6]. in Figure 2. The results imply that the maximum color strength value was obtained using the enzyme concentration 0.5 g/l, since this Ink jet printing: The pretreated polyester samples, were digitally concentration caused an increase in color strength for about 20%. As a printed by ink jet technique machine using (Encad 1500 TX printer, result of this modification the fine structure of polyester fibers is opened produced by Encad Inc, USA) followed by air drying. leading to easier and greater dye penetration inside the fiber which is Fixation: After drying the printed samples were subjected to reflected on the color strength of the printed fabric. Then any increase fixation at 180°C for 2 minutes, using thermo fixation machine, in enzyme concentration will decrease K/S; according to the negative produced by (R.B. Electronic and Engineering PVT. LTD, India). relation between disperse dye and the modified polyester surface which has a more hydrophylicity character Table 1. Washing off: Finally the fixed printed samples were washed off as follows: Enzymatic treatment mixed in pretreatment bath of ink jet printing - Rinsing with running cold water. Effect of enzyme concentration: For saving time and energy - Soaping at 60°C for 15 minutes using (4 gm/l soap) (conventional process stages), the enzymatic treatment was mixed in one bath with the pretreatment step of the ink jet printing. - Rinsing with running cold water and finally the printed samples were dried at room temperature. Different concentrations of lipase enzyme were used with constant contents of pretreatment bath at pH 6.2. After treatment the polyester II. Second: Enzymatic treatment mixed with ink jet pretreatment bath: Polyester fabrics treated with different concentrations of lipase enzyme dispersed with the inkjet pretreatment bath components, 12.4 including (sodium alginate and water, at different pH levels (4, 5, 7 and 12.2 8), accompanied with different storing time ( 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours ) using 12 plastic bags, at room temperature. 11.8 X g/l lipase enzyme (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/l) 11.6 K/S 100 g/l sodium alginate 4% 11.4 K/S 900 g / l water 11.2 1000 g / l 11 10.8 After storing time the samples were dried with hot air to insure enzyme inactivation, and then ink jet printed with traditional steps (2, 10.6 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3, and 4). Enzyme Conc. Measurements Figure 2: Effect of Enzyme concentration on color strength of digitally printed polyester fabrics with disperse dye. Color fastness properties: The color fastness to washing, rubbing, and perspiration were determined according to AATCC test methods (61- 2010, 8- 2007, 15- 2009). Enzyme concentration g/l K\S Value 0 10.7860 Color strength: K/S of the printed samples was evaluated by color 0.5 12.2464 reflectance technique at λ maximum (440). The used spectrophotometer was of model ICS-Texicon Ltd, Kennestside Park, Newbury, Berkshire 0.9 11.7423 RG 145TE, England. 1.5 11.7747 2 11.3964 Tensile strength: Tensile strength of control polyester fabrics and Table 1: Effect of Enzyme concentration on color strength of digitally printed the biotretead ones based on optimum conditions were measured on polyester fabrics with disperse dye. J Textile Sci Eng ISSN: 2165-8064 JTESE, an open access journal Volume 2 • Issue 3 • 1000113 Citation: Ibrahim DF, Abd El-Salam SH (2012) Enzymatic Treatment of Polyester Fabrics Digitally Printed.
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