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Here in 2017 Sillamäe Vabatsoon 46% of Manufacturing Companies with 20 Or More Employees Were Located
Baltic Loop People and freight moving – examples from Estonia Final Conference of Baltic Loop Project / ZOOM, Date [16th of June 2021] Kaarel Kose Union of Harju County Municipalities Baltic Loop connections Baltic Loop Final Conference / 16.06.2021 Baltic Loop connections Baltic Loop Final Conference / 16.06.2021 Strategic goals HARJU COUNTY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 2035+ • STRATEGIC GOAL No 3: Fast, convenient and environmentally friendly connections with the world and the rest of Estonia as well as within the county. • Tallinn Bypass Railway, to remove dangerous goods and cargo flows passing through the centre of Tallinn from the Kopli cargo station; • Reconstruction of Tallinn-Paldiski (main road no. 8) and Tallinn ring road (main highway no. 11) to increase traffic safety and capacity • Indicator: domestic and international passenger connections (travel time, number of connections) Tallinn–Narva ca 1 h NATIONAL TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2021-2035 • The main focus of the development plan is to reduce the environmental footprint of transport means and systems, ie a policy for the development of sustainable transport to help achieve the climate goals for 2030 and 2050. • a special plan for the Tallinn ring railway must be initiated in order to find out the feasibility of the project. • smart and safe roads in three main directions (Tallinn-Tartu, Tallinn-Narva, Tallinn-Pärnu) in order to reduce the time-space distances of cities and increase traffic safety (5G readiness etc). • increase speed on the railways to reduce time-space distances and improve safety; shift both passenger and freight traffic from road to rail and to increase its positive impact on the environment through more frequent use of rail (Tallinn-Narva connection 2035 1h45min) GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CLIMATE POLICY UNTIL 2050 / NEC DIRECTIVE / ETC. -
Late Medieval Hypocausts with Heat Storage in Estonia
Andres Tvauri LATE MEDIEVAL HYPO CAUSTS WITH HEAT STORAGE IN ESTONIA INTRODUCTION As often happens with archaeologists, the stimulus for writing this article was a discovery unexpectedly brought to light from under the ground. In autumn 2007, I had the opportunity to study a large medieval heat storage furnace (Figs. 1 and 2) constituting the central part of the hot air heating system, or hypo caust, of a former grooms’ building. It was unexpectedly unearthed in the course of construction work in the outer bailey of the medieval Order Castle of Viljandi.1 The furnace found in the Viljandi Castle was a nice but, in the context of Estonian medieval fi nds, rather ordinary discovery. In Old Livonia, roughly corresponding to the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia, hot air heating systems in which the core was a furnace fi lled with large stones, making it possible to store heat and rid oneself of the need to con- stantly heat the furnace or the fi replace, was used in the 13th to the 16th centuries before the introduction of Dutch tile stoves in castles, monas- teries and in residential and public buildings in towns. Starting in the 1930s, such furnaces, or their archaeologically studied remains, have been found in numerous medieval buildings in Estonia. The furnace found in Viljandi induced me to look for literature about hypo causts with heat storage. With the assistance of my colleague Erki Russow, the most thorough paper on medieval hot air heating systems ever written soon landed on my desk – a thesis published by the Ger- man researcher Klaus Bingenheimer in 1998, Die Luftheizungen des Mittelalters. -
Balkan Forum:EU Matching
Baltic-Nordic-Western- Balkans BUSINESS FORUM 22 – 23.05.2008 in Nordic Hotel Forum, Viru Väljak 3, Tallinn, ESTONIA Goal of the forum: to promote economic cooperation between Western Balkans and Baltic Sea regions. • To provide the participants from Nordic and Baltic countries an overview of business environment and cooperation networks in the Balkan states. • To give a networking opportunity for entrepreneurs and representatives of business organizations from Western Balkans and the Baltic sea regions. Participants from Balkan states, Baltic and Nordic countries: • Interested enterpreneurs and other representatives of business communities, Chambers of Commerce and enterprise supporting organisations • Representatives of diplomatic missions in Tallinn Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry • Mission of European Commission in Estonia • Politicians, governenent officials, representatives of media and academic world interested in cooperation between Baltic sea region and Western Balkans. Baltic-Nordic-Western- Balkans BUSINESS FORUM Welcome to the The international community has paid close We have invited prominent speakers Baltic- Nordic and attention to the development in the Western- representing business communities, Western Balkans Balkan region for many years. Estonia, among the international organizations and political Business Forum, others, has followed the course of events with decision –makers who share their views and great interest. Like other countries around the experience of economic cooperation between May 22.–23. 2008 Baltic Sea we have noticed the positive changes the Western Balkans and Baltic Sea region. Tallinn, Estonia. with satisfaction and growing excitement. The Forum will also provide networking opportu- The excessive reforms and dynamic deve lop ment nities, as Director General of Esto nian Chamber of the Western Balkans have torn the interest of of Commerce and Industry, Mr. -
Report on Coronavirus Pandemic
Coronavirus pandemic in the EU – Fundamental Rights Implications Country: Estonia Contractor’s name: Estonian Human Rights Centre Date: 4 May 2020 DISCLAIMER: This document was commissioned under contract as background material for a comparative report being prepared by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) for the project “Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak in the EU – fundamental rights implications”. The information and views contained in the document do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of the FRA. The document is made available for transparency and information purposes only and does not constitute legal advice or legal opinion. 1 Measures taken by government/public authorities 1.1 Emergency laws/states of emergency, including enforcement actions In Estonia, the Government of the Republic declared an emergency situation on 12 March 2020 due to the pandemic spread of the COVID-19.1 The emergency situation was initially to last until 1 May 2020, but was later extended until 17 May 2020.2 The declaration, resolution and termination of an emergency situation is regulated by the Emergency Act (Hädaolukorra seadus).3 The Emergency Act gives the person in charge of the emergency situation (the Prime Minister) the right to issue orders applying various measures. The orders include a reference that the failure to comply with the measures of the emergency situation prompt the application of the administrative coercive measures set out in the Law Enforcement Act4, and that the penalty payment is € 2000 pursuant to the Emergency Act.5 1.2 Measures affecting the general population 1.2.1 Social distancing In Estonia, after the declaration of the emergency situation, stay at home orders were imposed on people who arrived in Estonia from abroad. -
The Baltic Republics
FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES THE BALTIC REPUBLICS A Strategic Survey Erkki Nordberg National Defence College Helsinki 1994 Finnish Defence Studies is published under the auspices of the National Defence College, and the contributions reflect the fields of research and teaching of the College. Finnish Defence Studies will occasionally feature documentation on Finnish Security Policy. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily imply endorsement by the National Defence College. Editor: Kalevi Ruhala Editorial Assistant: Matti Hongisto Editorial Board: Chairman Prof. Mikko Viitasalo, National Defence College Dr. Pauli Järvenpää, Ministry of Defence Col. Antti Numminen, General Headquarters Dr., Lt.Col. (ret.) Pekka Visuri, Finnish Institute of International Affairs Dr. Matti Vuorio, Scientific Committee for National Defence Published by NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE P.O. Box 266 FIN - 00171 Helsinki FINLAND FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES 6 THE BALTIC REPUBLICS A Strategic Survey Erkki Nordberg National Defence College Helsinki 1992 ISBN 951-25-0709-9 ISSN 0788-5571 © Copyright 1994: National Defence College All rights reserved Painatuskeskus Oy Pasilan pikapaino Helsinki 1994 Preface Until the end of the First World War, the Baltic region was understood as a geographical area comprising the coastal strip of the Baltic Sea from the Gulf of Danzig to the Gulf of Finland. In the years between the two World Wars the concept became more political in nature: after Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania obtained their independence in 1918 the region gradually became understood as the geographical entity made up of these three republics. Although the Baltic region is geographically fairly homogeneous, each of the newly restored republics possesses unique geographical and strategic features. -
This Is the Published Version of a Chapter
http://www.diva-portal.org This is the published version of a chapter published in Conflict and Cooperation in Divided Towns and Cities. Citation for the original published chapter: Lundén, T. (2009) Valga-Valka, Narva – Ivangorod Estonia’s divided border cities – cooperation and conflict within and beyond the EU. In: Jaroslaw Jańczak (ed.), Conflict and Cooperation in Divided Towns and Cities (pp. 133-149). Berlin: Logos Thematicon N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published chapter. Permanent link to this version: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21061 133 Valga-Valka, Narva-Ivangorod. Estonia’s Divided Border Cities – Co-operation and Conflict Within and beyond the EU Thomas Lundén Boundary Theory Aboundary is a line, usually in space, at which a certain state of affairs is terminated and replaced by another state of affairs. In nature, boundaries mark the separation of different physical states (molecular configurations), e.g. the boundary between water and air at the surface of the sea, between wood and bark in a tree stem, or bark and air in a forest. The boundaries within an organized society are of a different character. Organization means structuration and direction, i.e. individuals and power resources are directed towards a specific, defined goal. This, in turn, requires delimitations of tasks to be done, as well as of the area in which action is to take place. The organization is defined in a competition for hegemony and markets, and with the aid of technology. But this game of definition and authority is, within the limitations prescribed by nature, governed by human beings. -
Estonian Ministry of Education and Research
Estonian Ministry of Education and Research LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY PROFILE COUNTRY REPORT ESTONIA Tartu 2008 Estonian Ministry of Education and Research LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY PROFILE COUNTRY REPORT ESTONIA Estonian Ministry of Education and Research LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY PROFILE COUNTRY REPORT ESTONIA Tartu 2008 Authors: Language Education Policy Profile for Estonia (Country Report) has been prepared by the Committee established by directive no. 1010 of the Minister of Education and Research of 23 October 2007 with the following members: Made Kirtsi – Head of the School Education Unit of the Centre for Educational Programmes, Archimedes Foundation, Co-ordinator of the Committee and the Council of Europe Birute Klaas – Professor and Vice Rector, University of Tartu Irene Käosaar – Head of the Minorities Education Department, Ministry of Education and Research Kristi Mere – Co-ordinator of the Department of Language, National Examinations and Qualifications Centre Järvi Lipasti – Secretary for Cultural Affairs, Finnish Institute in Estonia Hele Pärn – Adviser to the Language Inspectorate Maie Soll – Adviser to the Language Policy Department, Ministry of Education and Research Anastassia Zabrodskaja – Research Fellow of the Department of Estonian Philology at Tallinn University Tõnu Tender – Adviser to the Language Policy Department of the Ministry of Education and Research, Chairman of the Committee Ülle Türk – Lecturer, University of Tartu, Member of the Testing Team of the Estonian Defence Forces Jüri Valge – Adviser, Language Policy Department of the Ministry of Education and Research Silvi Vare – Senior Research Fellow, Institute of the Estonian Language Reviewers: Martin Ehala – Professor, Tallinn University Urmas Sutrop – Director, Institute of the Estonian Language, Professor, University of Tartu Translated into English by Kristel Weidebaum, Luisa Translating Bureau Table of contents PART I. -
Revitalisering Av Historiske Bykjerner Ni Utvalgte Estiske Byer
Revitalisering av historiske bykjerner Ni utvalgte estiske byer Estland har 12 beskyttede kulturmiljøer – Heritage Conservation Areas – hvorav 11 er i historiske bykjerner. Utlysningen «Historic old town centres with cultural heritage protection areas» retter seg mot de 9 beskyttede kulturmiljøene som ligger i henholdsvis byene Pärnu, Haapsalu, Kuressaare, Rakvere, Paide, Viljandi, Võru, Valga og Lihula. Mange av disse byene lider av synkende befolkningstall, som skyldes både lav fødselsrate og høy grad av fraflytting. Dette er en del av en ond sirkel av begrensede arbeidsmuligheter, lite investeringer i byene, og, i verste tilfelle, tap av byens identitet. På tross av disse utfordringene har de ni ovennevnte byene hver sine unike kulturmiljøer med bevarte historiske områder. PÄRNU Fylke: Pärnu fylke Grunnlagt: 1251 Areal: 32,22 km² Befolkning: 39 605 (2020) Befolkningstetthet: 1200 innb./km² Pärnu gamleby. Foto: ERR Pärnu er, med sine 39 605 (2020) innbyggere, Estlands fjerde største by. Den ligger sørvest i landet og har fått kallenavnet «Estlands sommerhovedstad» på grunn av sin rolle som feriedestinasjon. Økonomien er også sterkt knyttet til sesongaktiviteter og turisme. Dersom man ikke tar hensyn til sesong-baserte endringer, ligger befolkningstallet i Pärnu relativt stabilt, om enn med en svak nedgang. Den markante økningen i folketall sammenlignet med folketellingen i 2011 skyldes endringer i kommunegrensene. Villa Ammende. Foto: Visit Estonia. https://www.visitestonia.com/en/villa-ammende Det røde tårnet. Foto: PuhkaEestis.ee 2 https://www.puhkaeestis.ee/et/punane-torn Pärnu kulturmiljø De eldste områdene i kulturmiljøet i Pärnu er knyttet til byens middelalderslott og til den Hanseatiske byen. Spor etter Pärnu middelalderby er bevart, inkludert «det røde tårnet» og det historiske gatenettet, men det er det senere, barokke Pärnu som er mest tydelig. -
Baltic Treasures Itinerary: Vilnius
BALTIC TREASURES ITINERARY: VILNIUS- TRAKAI -HILL OF CROSSES-RUNDALE-RIGA–SIGULDA-PARNU- SAAREMAA-KURRESAARE-HAAPSALU-TALLINN DURATION: 9 days / 8 nights Day 1 Vilnius Arrival in Vilnius, the capital city of Lithuania Transfer from the airport to the hotel Check in at the hotel Overnight in Vilnius Day 2 Vilnius – Trakai Breakfast at the hotel. Vilnius city tour 3h Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania was founded in 1323 when Grand Duke Gediminas built a castle there, nowadays bustling city with one of the oldest and most charming Old Towns in Europe. The splendid architectural blend of Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles makes this a wonderful city to explore. During sightseeing tour you will visit Old town, which is included to the UNESCO World Heritage. Visit Cathedral and Cathedral Square and pass by Gediminas Avenue, the Parliament and President's Palace, Vilnius University and Town Hall. Continue walking narrow old streets, visit St. Anna's Church - a gem of Gothic architecture, Gates of Dawn and St. Peter-Paul Church. Further way to Trakai. Visiting Trakai castle 2h Trakai, the former capital of Lithuania, which is situated on an island in the middle of a lake. The 14th century red brick castle now houses the Art Museum. The castles of Trakai are the best known works of defensive architecture in Lithuania. The old town of Trakai, which includes the Island and the Peninsula Castles, surrounded by lakes, is one of the most impressive and most picturesque locations in Europe. Here still reside small national minority of Karaites, which is confessing Judaism. It is believed they were brought from the Crimea by the Grand Lithuanian Duke Vytautas. -
Rail Baltica Global Project Cost- Benefit Analysis Final Report
Rail Baltica Global Project Cost- Benefit Analysis Final Report 30 April 2017 x Date Table of contents Table of contents ........................................................................................................................ 2 Version ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Terms and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................... 3 2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 EY work context ................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Context of the CBA ............................................................................................................ 5 2.3 Key constraints and considerations of the analysis ................................................................ 6 3. Background and information about the project ....................................................................... 8 3.1 Project background and timeline ......................................................................................... 8 3.2 Brief description of the project ........................................................................................... 9 4. Methodology .................................................................................................................... -
The Broken Axis of Juhkental: a Different Kind of Heart
Heili Sepp Viru County Court The Broken Axis of Juhkental: A Different Kind of Heart Juhkental, Joachimstal, Joaorg – the historical district located to the south of Narva Old Town and Hermann Castle is rarely remembered when discussing Narva these days. That might be somewhat justified considering the suburb was officially united with the city only in 1917. Nevertheless, the oldest settlements of the area are located at Joaorg and there is something else at its heart that one might consider a painfully exact symbol of Narva. The whole layout of the suburb that burst into its true existence in the end of the 19th century (and was a home for ca 7000 people in the beginning of the 20th century - most of them workers at Kreenholm) had a majestic axis uniting two polarities at its core. The suburb burnt down twice (in April of 1919 and during WWII) but the axis remained, albeit today we experience it as something broken. The two places of worship – Alexander’s Cathedral (Lutheran) and The Resurrection of Christ Cathedral (Orthodox) – were designed to dominate this part of the city and to face each other in direct confrontation or dialogue. Originally everyone passing Juhkental could be overwhelmed by the experience of standing between two towering cathedrals – each one at its own end of the Church street. This historical view belongs to the past due to the architectural changes creating a strict “stonewall” to split the district apart: a kind of internal border. That is not the only way how Juhkental appears to be a place of boundaries. -
Belgian FAM, 11 Pax 18-20 September 2019 Tallinn, Estonia
Belgian FAM, 11 pax 18-20 September 2019 Tallinn, Estonia Organizer Company name TravelMarketing Contact person Kisa van den Berg E-mail [email protected] Tel +31 20 6868 099 Via Hansa & Borealis DMC Project Manager Hellika Heinpalu E-mail [email protected] Tel +372 6277 878 Confirmation nr DM19092023 VIA HANSA DMC&PCO: Rüütli Street 13, 10130, Tallinn, Estonia, Reg. Number 10366819 Telephone: +372 627 7880, Fax: +372 627 7871, Emergency tel. +372 5343 2500 e-mail: [email protected], web-site: www.viahansadmc.com BANK: Luminor Bank AS., Liivalaia 45, 10145, Tallinn, Estonia SWIFT: NDEAEE2X Accounts: IBAN EUR – EE121700017000280091 PARENT COMPANY: Via Hansa Holding A/S, Copenhagen – Denmark OFFICES: Copenhagen, Tallinn, Riga, Vilnius, St. Petersburg, Moscow and Warsaw PROGRAMME: Day 1: 18 September 2019 (Wednesday) 12:10 arrival of the guests to Tallinn Airport, Meet & Greet with Via Hansa representative, 1st class transfer to Lahemaa National Park, incl welcoming smoothie shot on the bus 13:00-14:00 lunch at coastal restaurant Ruhe 14:00-14:30 transfer to Kõrvemaa nature reserve 14:30-16:00 short jeep safari 16:00-16:30 transfer to Vihula 16:30-18:00 welcome to Vihula and tour on golf buggies 18:00 check-in and time to refresh 19.30 make your own Vihula sizzle welcome drink workshop, dinner at vodka museum Day 2: 19 September 2019 (Thursday) Breakfast at Vihula 09:00 transfer to Tallinn 10:30 luggage to hotel Centennial 11:00-12:30 small walking tour in the historical Old Town with herb schnapps at the town hall square