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The Investigation of Flora in Roodbar Alamut Region, Ghazvin, Iran

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The Investigation of Flora in Roodbar Alamut Region, Ghazvin, Iran ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ در ﻋﻠﻮم زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺟﻠﺪ 2، ﺷﻤﺎرة Nova Biologica Reperta Vol. 2 (1): 48-63 (2015) 48-63 :1 48/48 ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﻠﻮر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ رودﺑﺎر اَﻟَﻤﻮت، ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، اﯾﺮان 1٭ 2 3 ﻣﺮﯾﻢ اﻫﻮازي ، وﻟﯽ ا... ﻣﻈﻔﺮﯾﺎن و ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻣﻬﺪي ﭼﺮﺧﭽﯿﺎن درﯾﺎﻓﺖ: 6/2/1393/ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش: 1394/2/21 1 ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮑﺪة ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺎد داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ، ﮐﺮج 2 ﻣﺆﺳﺴﮥ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﮐﺸﻮر، ﺗﻬﺮان 3 ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ * ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻣﮑﺎﺗﺒﺎت:[email protected] ﭼﮑﯿﺪه. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻓﻠﻮر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ رودﺑﺎر اَﻟَﻤﻮت در ﺷﻤﺎلﺷﺮق اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، واﻗﻊ در داﻣﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ اﻟﺒﺮز ﻣﺮﮐﺰي را ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﻪ دو ﺑﺨﺶ اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ و اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1265 ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ روﺳﺘﺎي ﺷﻬﺮك و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع 4175 ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮهﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻼن اﺳﺖ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎرش ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎﻧﻪ 3/368 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دﻣﺎي ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 14 درﺟﮥ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد اﺳﺖ. ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 642 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و زﯾﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ 373 ﺟﻨﺲ از 76 ﺗﯿﺮة ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﺮه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺗﯿﺮة ﮐﺎﺳﻨﯿﺎن (Asteraceae) ﺑﺎ 88 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﺑﺎﻗﻼﺋﯿﺎن (Fabaceae) ﺑﺎ 64 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﮔﻨﺪﻣﯿﺎن (Poaceae) ﺑﺎ 56 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻋﯿﺎن (Lamiaceae) ﺑﺎ 48 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﮐﻠﻤﯿﺎن (Brassicaceae) ﺑﺎ 46 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﮐﺮﻓﺴﯿﺎن (Apiaceae) ﺑﺎ 41 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﻣﯿﺨﮑﯿﺎن (Caryophyllaceae) ﺑﺎ 34 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ﺗﯿﺮة ﮔﻞﺳﺮﺧﯿﺎن (Rosaceae) ﺑﺎ 30 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. از ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، 190 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ راﯾﺞ، 51 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي در ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، 59 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺤﺼﺎري اﯾﺮان، 37 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻤﯽ، 75 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز، 119 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪاي، 17 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. واژهﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي. ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ روﯾﺸﯽ، ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ، ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺳﻤﯽ، ﻓﻠﻮرﺳﺘﯿﮏ The investigation of flora in Roodbar Alamut region, Ghazvin, Iran Maryam Ahvazi1*, Valiollah Mozaffarian2 and Mohammad Mehdi Charkhchian3 Received 28.08.2014/ Accepted 11.05.2015 1Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran 2Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Tehran, Iran 3Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Ghazvin, Iran *Correspondent author: [email protected] Abstract. This paper explores flora of Rudbar Alamut region in NE of Ghazvin province situated in the south slope of central Alborz Chain Mountains. Alamut is divided into two parts, upper Alamut and lower Alamut. The minimum Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 23:31 +0330 on Sunday October 3rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.1.48 ] height in the region is 1265 m, located in Shahrak village, while the maximum height is 4175 m, located in Siahlan Mountain. Average of annual precipitation is 368.3 mm and annual average temperature is 14ºC. This reveals that 642 species and subspecies belong to 373 genera and 76 plant families growing in the region. The largest families are Asteraceae with 88 species, Paoilionaceae with 64, Poaceae with 56, Lamiaceae with 48, Brassicaceae with 46, Apiaceae with 41, Charyophyllaceae with 34 and Rosaceae with 30, respectively. Nearly 190 species are medicinal plants, of which 51 are used traditionally by local inhabitatants, 59 species are endemic, 37 species are poisonous for animal and rarely for man, 75 species are weeds, 119 species are forage, and 17 species are cultivated. Keywords. chorotype, medicinal plants, poisonous plants, floristics ﻣﺮﯾﻢ اﻫﻮازي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران. ﻓﻠﻮر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ رودﺑﺎر اﻟﻤﻮت Maryam Ahvazi et al. Flora of Roodbar Alamout 49/49 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮔﯿﺎهﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻠﻮم ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﮥ آن ﺑﻪ دوران در ﻟﻐﺖﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اَﻟَﻤﻮت از دو ﮐﻠﻤﮥ اَﻟﻪ و ﮐﻬﻦ و ﻋﺘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ. اﯾﻦ داﻧﺶ ﮐﻪ در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺳﺎده ﺑﻮده آﻣﻮت ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي آﺷﯿﺎﻧﮥ ﻋﻘﺎب اﺳﺖ (آﻣﯿﺮ، و در ﻣﻮاردي ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻌﺪودي از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن و ﻧﺤﻮة اﺳﺘﻔﺎده 1384). ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﺸﻮري در ﺳﺎل 1381 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن از آنﻫﺎ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، در ﺻﺪﺳﺎل اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه در دﻫﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ داراي ﺷﺶ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي، رودﺑﺎر اَﻟَﻤﻮت، رودﺑﺎر اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﺴﻂ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﻧﮑﺎرﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮي در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن، ﻃﺎرم ﺳﻔﻠﯽ، ﮐﻮﻫﯿﻦ و اﻟﺒﺮز اﺳﺖ (ﺳﯿﻤﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي– ﮐﺸﺎورزي و رﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آن، داروﺳﺎزي و درﻣﺎن، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، 1381). ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ رودﺑﺎر اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﻪ و ﺗﻮان ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ، ﺑﻮمﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﺳﺮاﻧﺠﺎم در ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ 1476 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﯾﻦ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻤﺎت در ﺷﻤﺎل و ﻣﻌﻘﻮلﺗﺮ از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺑﻪﺳﺎزي آن ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮدهاﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ ﻗﺮار دارد و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﺑﺨﺶ اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ و اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ درﺑﺎب ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﯿﺎهﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ اَﻟَﻤﻮت اﺳﺖ. اﺳﺖ (ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﻋﻤﺮان ﺣﻮﺿﮥ آﺑﺮﯾﺰ ﺷﺎﻫﺮود، 1381). ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ و ﺻﻌﺐاﻟﻌﺒﻮر اَﻟَﻤﻮت از دﯾﺮﺑﺎز ﻫﺪف ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اَﻟَﻤﻮت ازﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ 50 درﺟﻪ و 30 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن، ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯽداﻧﺎن و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦدوﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪاﺳﺖ. 50 درﺟﻪ و 51 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﻃﻮل ﺷﺮﻗﯽ از ﻧﺼﻒاﻟﻨﻬﺎر ﮔﺮﯾﻨﻮﯾﭻ و 36 ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻗﻄﺐﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي و ﺗﻮرﯾﺴﺘﯽ درﺟﻪ و24 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺗﺎ 36 درﺟﻪ و 46 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﻋﺮض ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻪواﺳﻄﮥ وﺟﻮد ﻗﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد، و ﻧﯿﺰ آبوﻫﻮاي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ ﺧﻂ اﺳﺘﻮا ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ (ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﻠﺢ، از روﯾﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ 1379). ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎرش ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎﻧﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 3/368 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت آن اﻧﮕﯿﺰهاي ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﺳﺖ (ﺷﮑﻞ1). ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دﻣﺎي ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 14 درﺟﮥ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﮔﺮاد اﺳﺖ (ﺷﮑﻞ 2). ﺑﺨﺶ ازآﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ در ﺣﺎلﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﺎﻧﻮن رودﺑﺎر اَﻟﻤﻮت ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﯾﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻢﮐﻼﯾﻪ داراي روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ زﯾﺎدي از اﻗﺸﺎر ﻣﺮدم و ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، ﻟﺬا در ﭘﺮﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺷﻤﺲﮐﻼﯾﻪ، ﮔﺎزرﺧﺎن، ﺑﺎﻏﮑﻼﯾﻪ، ﺳﺎﺋﯿﻦﮐﻼﯾﻪ، اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻣﺤﻤﻮدآﺑﺎد، ﺷﺘﺮﺧﺎن، ﺷﻬﺮك، زوارك، ﮔﺮﻣﺎرود، آﺗﺎن، اﯾﻼن، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﮕﺮي ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮد. در اﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻮع ﻫﻨﯿﺰ و اَﻧﺪج ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻫﻤﮥ زﻣﯿ ﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 23:31 +0330 on Sunday October 3rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.1.48 ] ﺷﮑﻞ1- ﻧﻘﺸﮥ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ اَﻟَﻤﻮت. Fig. 1. Map of Ghazvin province and Alamut region. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ در ﻋﻠﻮم زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺟﻠﺪ 2، ﺷﻤﺎرة Nova Biologica Reperta Vol. 2 (1): 48-63 (2015) 48-63 :1 50/50 رﺷﺘﮥ اﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﻮه اﻟﺒﺮز ﺑﺎ ﻗﻠﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﺗﺨﺖ ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎن و ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻼن، ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ادارة ﮐﻞ ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق اﺳﺘﺎن زرد ﺳﯿﺎه، اَﺟﺮا، ﺧَﺸﭽﺎل ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اَﻟَﻤﻮت و درﯾﺎي ﺧﺰر داراي آبوﻫﻮاي ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻓﺮاﺳﺮد و ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻣﺎ، اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻗﻠﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ و ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻓﺮاﺳﺮد ﻧﻮع 1 ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮارد زﯾﺮ اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮد: آب و ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺘﺮاﻧﻪاي ﺳﺮد اﺳﺖ. ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻼن ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 4175 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ، ﺧَﺸﭽﺎل ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3784 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ، ﺳﺎﺟﺎر ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3583 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ، زرد ﺗﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3408 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ، ﺗﻮﯾﭽﺎل ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3407 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ، ﺧﻮﺗﯿﺰه ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3350 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﺑﺎﻻ، آﺳﻮرﺧﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 3085 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟَﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ و زردﮐﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع 2710 ﻣﺘﺮ در اَﻟََﻤﻮت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﮐﻪ رودﺧﺎﻧﮥ آﺑﮕﯿﺮ اَﻟَﻤﻮت از آن ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. رودﺧﺎﻧﮥ ﺷﺎﻫﺮود ﮐﻪ در ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎن اﻟﺒﺮز ﺟﺮﯾﺎن دارد از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ رودﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽآﯾﺪ (ﺟﻌﻔﺮي، 1379؛ ﺳﺘﻮده، 1362). ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺷﮑﻞ 2- ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ آﻣﺒﺮوﺗﺮﻣﯿﮏ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﮐﻼﯾﻪ. Fig. 2. Amberothermic curve of moallem-kolayeh station. Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 23:31 +0330 on Sunday October 3rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.1.48 ] روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮔﯿﺎهﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ وﺳﻌﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً زﯾﺎد و اﺧﺘﻼف ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﯽ در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس1:25000 از ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻧﻘﺸﻪﺑﺮداري ﮐﺸﻮر ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺣﺪود 2910 ﻣﺘﺮ (1265 ﻣﺘﺮ در روﺳﺘﺎي ﺷﻬﺮك و 4175 ﻣﺘﺮ در (ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻧﻘﺸﻪﺑﺮداري ﮐﻞ ﮐﺸﻮر، 1384). ﺳﭙﺲ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ راهﻫﺎي ﮐﻮهﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻼن) در ﺷﯿﺐﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﺮز ﻣﺮﮐﺰي و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ، ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ اَﻟَﻤﻮت رود ﮐﻪ در ﺣﻮﺿﮥ ﺷﺎﻫﺮود واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻮع ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺼﻞ روﯾﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﯾﮏﺳﺎﻟﻪ، دوﺳﺎﻟﻪ و ﭼﻨﺪ- ﻣﺮﯾﻢ اﻫﻮازي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران. ﻓﻠﻮر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ رودﺑﺎر اﻟﻤﻮت Maryam Ahvazi et al. Flora of Roodbar Alamout 51/51 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ آنﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ (رﯾﺸﻪ، ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﮔﻞ، ﻣﯿﻮه)، ﻟﺬا در ﻃﯽ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺎل (1384 ﺗﺎ ﭘﺲاز ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﻠﯽ از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن 1386) در ﻓﺼﻞ روﯾﺶ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﺣﺼﻞ آن ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺣﺪود 642 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و زﯾﺮﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر، ﻫﺮﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﻣﯽﺷﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ 76 ﺗﯿﺮه و 373 ﺟﻨﺲ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 556 ﮔﯿﺎه دوﻟﭙﻪ و ﺑﺎ ﯾﮏ ﮐﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و درﮐﯿﺴﮥ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ 87 ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﮏﻟﭙﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﺮهﻫﺎي دوﻟﭙﻪ اي ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ؛ ﺳﭙﺲ ازﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻮﻗﻌ ﯿﺖﺳﻨﺞ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ (GPS) ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت ﻋﺒﺎرتاﻧﺪ از ﺗﯿﺮة ﮐﺎﺳﻨﯿﺎن (Asteraceae) ﺑﺎ 88 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﮐﺪ آن در دﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ ﯾﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎﻗﻼﺋﯿﺎن (Fabaceae) ﺑﺎ 64 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻋﯿﺎن (Lamiaceae) ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺟﻤﻊآوريﺷﺪه ﻻﺑﻼي ﮐﺎﻏﺬﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻫﯽ (ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﮐﺪ ﺑﺎ 48 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﮐﻠﻤﯿﺎن (Brassicaceae) ﺑﺎ 46 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮة ﺟﻤﻊآوري) و ﺗﺨﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺮﻓﺴﯿﺎن (Apiaceae) ﺑﺎ 41 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﯿﺮةه ﻣﯿﺨﮑﯿﺎن ﮐﻤﮏ دو ﺗﺴﻤﻪ، ﻣﺤﮑﻢ ﻓﺸﺮده ﻣﯽﺷﺪ و ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ (Caryophyllaceae) ﺑﺎ 34 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ﺗﯿﺮة ﮔﻞ ﺳﺮﺧﯿﺎن ﺑﻌﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺑﺎرﯾﻮم ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮑﺪة ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺎد داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و (Rosaceae) ﺑﺎ 30 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، و ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﺮهﻫﺎي ﺗﮏ ﻟﭙﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﮥ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ. ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻋﺒﺎرتاﻧﺪ از ﺗﯿﺮة ﮔﻨﺪﻣﯿﺎن (Poaceae) ﺑﺎ 56 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ﺗﯿﺮة Liliaceae در ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ روش ﺳﻮﺳﻨﯿﺎن ( ) ﺑﺎ 17 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ. از ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﻼﺳﯿﮏ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻠﻮر اﯾﺮاﻧﯿﮑﺎ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، 190 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ راﯾﺞ، 54 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Rechinger, 1963-2005)، ﻓﻠﻮر ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ (Davis, 1982)، اﻧﺤﺼﺎري اﯾﺮان، 37 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻤﯽ، 75 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز، 119 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﻠﻮر ﻋﺮاق (Townsend 1966-1985)، ﻓﻠﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪاي، 17 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﺷﺘﻪﺷﺪه و 51 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن (ﻣﻈﻔﺮﯾﺎن، 1378)، ﻓﻠﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن ﯾﺰد (ﻣﻈﻔﺮﯾﺎن، 1379)، درﺧﺘﺎن و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي در ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﺳﺖ.
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