Research & Public History Annual Report 2018–2019

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RESEARCH & PUBLIC HISTORY ANNUAL REPORT 2018–2019 FOREWORD

FOREWORD JULIA KNIGHTS Deputy Director, Science Museum

Welcome to our fifth Research Annual Group’s reserve collection at our Report, covering the academic year National Collections Centre near 2018–19, a remarkable year for the Swindon in a vast new building. As Science Museum Group. I write, dozens of skilled staff are researching, photographing, labelling, Across the Group we have opened documenting and packing the ground-breaking galleries and contents of our Blythe House store exhibitions. At the Science Museum in West London ready for transfer London, we opened Medicine: The ahead of our opening in 2023. This Wellcome Galleries celebrating the consolidation of our stored greatest medical collection in the collections and linked digitisation world in 3000 objects across 3000m2. programme will increase access to We also opened Science City 1550– staff, researchers and the public. 1800: The Linbury Gallery, a journey through London as it became a Ensuring that the Group’s research is globally important hub of trade, relevant to government agendas on exploration and science. The Art of research, STEM and the industrial Innovation: From Enlightenment to strategy, via the funding streams of Dark Matter exhibition also opened in UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), is September, accompanied by a key. Towards a National Collection: ABOVE: handsome book and 20-part BBC4 Opening UK Heritage to the World was Dr Julia Knights radio series. At the National Science recently launched by the Arts and Deputy Director, Science Museum, and Media Museum in Bradford we Humanities Research Council (AHRC). South Kensington opened Above the Noise, whilst at the It recognises that heritage National Railway Museum in York, organisations are major national project, where Leeds University Brass, Steel and Fire was launched. assets, playing a central role in the UK’s researchers have involved Bradford’s The success of this new generation of heritage and research economies, and communities in the life and displays rests on the formal training contributing significantly to the UK’s programme of the National Science and experience of our curators, global influence and soft power. and Media Museum. including forms of research familiar This fund is a positive step towards in universities, and types specific Our collections will always be the creating a unified virtual national to museums, such as provenance- centre of our research, activities and collection, building digital search tools, hunting, object-contextualisation programme, and collaboration with improving research capability and and audience evaluation. other institutions is essential to our public engagement. The Group hopes to success; The Art of Innovation, for Having spent 12 years of my career in play a major role, alongside other example, proudly displayed Turner’s the diplomatic service living and heritage organisations and universities, ‘Rain, Steam and Speed’ from the working in China, Russia and Latin in achieving these ambitions. National Gallery. New funding for America fostering joint science Many further examples of research research infrastructure, as it becomes partnerships with the UK, I am thrilled activity from across the Group can be available, will allow us to make that international research is found throughout this report. At the connections between the UK’s increasing across the Group. One Science and Industry Museum in collections and think about their role example is our research collaboration in Manchester, research underpins on a global scale. We stand on the FRONT COVER IMAGE: China with Beijing’s Palace Museum and development of the Power Hall. In York threshold of an exciting new age for Atmosphonia (2019), by a raft of universities, which has and Shildon, curatorial-academic collaboration across the world’s Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, contributed to Zimingzhong, our partnerships support the Vision 2025 museums and galleries. Our aim is for for Atmospheric Memory, upcoming exhibition on Chinese clocks. Manchester International transformation. And in Bradford, 2020 the Science Museum Group to be a Festival 2019, at the Science Meanwhile, our amazing One Collection will see the conclusion of the AHRC- leader in research on our collections and Industry Museum. project is uniting the Science Museum funded Bradford’s National Museum and to continue to inspire futures. Credit: Mariana Yáñez

ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 OUR WORK Collections, Collaboration Tim Boon 1–4 and Research Infrastructure National Science and Media Museum Geoff Belknap 5–6 Research Highlights National Railway Museum Oli Betts 7–8 Research Highlights Ed Bartholomew Science and Industry Museum Georgina Young 9–10 1 Research Highlights Learning and Audience Research Karen Davies 11–14 Jayne Rayner Archives: Acquisitions and Research Nick Wyatt 15–16 Rare Books and Their Provenance Nick Wyatt 17–18

COLLABORATIONS AND NETWORKS Annual Research Conference Highlights Abigail Wilson 19–20 Science Museum Group Journal Michael Flynn 21–24 Report and Reflections 2 25–28 Events

RESEARCH PROJECTS The Art of Innovation Tilly Blyth 29–32 Audiences of the future: Gabriella Giannachi 33–36 Robots mixed-reality experience Dave Patten Bethan Ross Andi Smart John Stack Désirée Vaccarini Samuel Vine Time, Culture and Identity Carol Chung 37–38 3 Communicating Energy to the Public Hiroki Shin 39–40 Bradford’s National Museum Helen Graham 41–44 Metropolitan Science Project Update Dr Rebekah Higgitt 45–46 Culture Space Doug Millard 47–48 Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries Sarah Wade 49–56 and Research

DOCTORAL PROGRAMME The Collaborative Doctoral Sarah Wade 57–60 Partnership Scheme Our Current Students 61–64 4 65–66 New Students Starting in 2019

ABOUT US Science Museum Group Publications 67–76 and Presentations Opportunities to Study Tim Boon 77–78 5 and Research with Us Our Team 79–80 COLLECTIONS, COLLABORATION AND RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE COLLECTIONS, COLLABORATION AND RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE

LEFT AND RIGHT: Gallery view of Top Secret: From Ciphers to Cyber Security an COLLECTIONS, exhibition exploring over a century’s worth of communications intelligence through hand-written documents, declassified files and previously unseen artefacts from COLLABORATION the Science Museum Group’s and AND RESEARCH GCHQ’s historic collections Introducing this annual report in previous years, I have stressed how INFRASTRUCTURE museum research is necessarily both long-term and collaborative. Each of these facets was dramatically TIM BOON reflected in an October 2019 government press release announcing Head of Research and Public History, Science Museum a major funding initiative entitled: ‘Towards a National Collection: Opening UK Heritage to the World’. In many ways, this £19-million fund may itself be seen as the result of long-term collaborative discussions between research-active heritage organisations and the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC). There is no reason why the long-term friendly collaboration in matters of research in the ‘GLAM’ (galleries, libraries, archives and museums) sector should be known outside the organisations themselves, but it has been a major factor in the development of our work. We owe a great deal to the AHRC who, in 2007, initiated the Independent Research Organisations (IROs) scheme. Under this, research-active organisations are Technology strand, which has research. Out of conversations between enabled to apply for a status that attracted several grants. Alongside funder and funded there is beginning confers the right to apply for research the specific projects, however, has to emerge a shared appreciation of the grants from AHRC in exactly the same developed something just as precious: kinds of research that are specific to way that universities have been able to a continuing, collaborative, discussion heritage organisations, which do since the foundation of the between the IROs about the place of anthropology museum curator Nick research councils. A dozen years on, research within our organisations and Thomas has called ‘museum as method’. AHRC lists 22 heritage IROs, including its potency to enable our organisations This term describes the kinds of most of the prominent museums, to do what they were established to do, everyday research that museum and galleries and libraries, including the only better. The IRO Heads of Research gallery staff undertake, for example to British Museum, Tate and – of course meet at least quarterly, and there is understand potential new acquisitions, – the Science Museum Group. To say always an exciting agenda of ideas and to catalogue existing collections more that this status has been initiatives to share and debate. At the precisely, to conceive exhibition transformative for the IROs would be same time, AHRC has wanted to work schemas and to furnish the text that an understatement, as across the still more closely with the IROs, where will feature; or to understand the sector it has enabled substantial the benefit of arts and humanities motivation and enjoyment of visitors or research to support many exhibitions; research is evident in the enjoyment of enhance it via new interventions, has unlocked little-understood all the millions of visitors to our including harnessing the power of collections; and enabled new research world-famous venues who respond to digital media; or, again, to conserve directions to take flight, including our displays and events built on a museum objects in the most very own Public History of Science and foundation of sound and innovative sympathetic and sustainable ways.

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LEFT: Visitors attending Top Secret Agency, a family event where visitors undertook ‘training activities’ to become a Museum Intelligence Officer and join the Top Secret Agency. Pictured, ‘Can you Crack the code?’ (puzzle sheets)

All these and more have been Then, in 2020, IROs working in THE SCIENCE MUSEUM AND THE investigated under funded research consortia with universities and other SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP projects over the last decade and a partners will be encouraged to Since our first Report, we have half. develop substantial ‘discovery’ featured research initiatives across projects that will demonstrate the new The new ‘Towards a National Collection’ the Science Museum Group and, as the kinds of research and engagement funding comes from United Kingdom volume of this work has expanded, that will be achievable once it is Research and Innovation (UKRI, the there has been more to say about each possible to work across collections, new umbrella organisation for the UK of our sites; as the National Collections rather than being constrained by the Research Councils) under its Strategic Centre in Wroughton and Locomotion silos of individual institutions. Priorities Fund, and it will be in County Durham grow in status and administered by AHRC. It may be seen The Science Museum Group has activity in the next few years, there will as having arisen from a convergence of already been discovering the benefits be research initiatives there to report the success of the styles of research of working across collections in a upon too. In the midst of this, it makes described above, and a quite different similar way, as readers of this Report sense to make space in this Report for initiative, promoted by UKRI, looking will see, for example in Tilly Blyth’s the developing research culture at into the ‘research infrastructure’ of account of the ‘Art of Innovation’ each site; hence the other entries in the nation. Arguing that advanced project, which brought together this section passing a searchlight over economies rely on research and objects and expertise from across the each of the Science Museum Group innovation, UKRI is keen to invest in group and also from our network of museums and departments. the infrastructure that enables such colleagues and friends in the As for the Science Museum, London, research to take place. In physics, universities, heritage sector and 2019 has been something of an annus research might require the beyond. mirabilis, with several major displays infrastructure of particle accelerators In our second Research Annual Report, opening for public engagement and or distributed radio telescopes and, in we want to build our research networks substantial research projects that are to become the world’s most research- I suggested that our 2016 inaugural enjoyment: Medicine: The Wellcome social science, huge data repositories to support a wide range of grant detailed in the other sections of this informed science museum group. Science Museum Group Research Galleries, Science City, 1550–1800: The may be needed. applications and other collaborations. Report, of the ongoing work that fuels Next year we will have more, and Conference was, like a railway Linbury Gallery, Top Secret: From Research funding enables us to pursue the SMG research enterprise. Across novel, initiatives to report. But in arts and humanities (into which terminus, a point of arrival from our Ciphers to Cyber-Security and the more open-ended possibilities, looking the year, in overlapping cycles, we heritage sector research most closely research journey up until then, and a multimedia Art of Innovation: From If you would like to join in with SMG’s beyond the immediate openings, some welcome Masters students for a term fits), it is collections that are the point of departure for our future Enlightenment to Dark Matter project. research enterprise at any of our in the expectation that new displays of insight into how science museums infrastructure. ‘Infrastructure’ may ambitions. It seems now that the These all rest on the academic training sites, we are always happy to discuss will result, and others simply for the work; we promote, shortlist, award, seem a rather prosaic and unlovely ‘Towards a National Collection’ funding and research of our staff, some of it in potential research projects and sake of gaining better understanding. recruit to and supervise doctoral term to describe priceless oil- is another such terminus, from which the ‘museum as method’ mode, and funding applications with colleagues The ‘Time, Culture and Identity’ studentships across our extended paintings, intriguing personal archives the outward voyage will carry us some of it following the procedures of and researchers from other project, for example, contributes to an consortium; we work with colleagues and unique scientific artefacts but, all towards really significant outcomes. the more academic mode more organisations, including universities. existing strand of work, reported last to submit funding bids; we solicit, the same, it is true that collections of It’s going to be an exciting journey. commonly seen in the universities. Indeed, such discussions and the year, that develops our understanding referee, finalise and publish up to such objects are the basis on which Alongside these kinds of research that funding applications that result of Chinese science and technology at two dozen articles for the Science humanities scholarship rests. Libraries are already visible in the galleries of comprise a significant part of the the same time as it builds connections Museum Group Journal; and we run and archives, and now increasingly the museum, there is always a Research and Public History with colleagues in China itself. a sequence of conferences and pictures and objects, are seen as the significant research effort that will Department’s activity. workshops across our sites. basis for research, whether that is show itself in years to come. As Sally ‘Communicating the Material Culture of Please see ‘opportunities to study conducted in universities, in museums, MacDonald mentioned in her Foreword Energy’ has enabled us to build a Meanwhile, colleagues develop their and work with us’ if you would like or by laypeople for self-fulfilment and last year, the Research Strategy network of scholars, science scholarly understanding of many to join in with our growing research fun. The ‘Towards a National Collection’ commits us to supporting our communicators and energy-sector subjects linked to our collections, enterprise. Please e-mail funding will support a first round of colleagues across many teams to experts; we will be able to draw on some of them registered for [email protected] foundational projects that will develop their research potential, and these contacts as we develop our next postgraduate degrees as they to join our mailing list and to hear demonstrate how digital techniques we have very recently held a Research public responses to the subject of proceed. Innovation is a core value about our events and initiatives. can link the collections of heritage Skills Autumn School to begin to climate change. It would be easy to for us, as we seek to live up to the aim organisations of all scales and kinds. deliver that. She also mentioned that lose sight, in the midst of the articulated in our Research Strategy:

3 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 4 NATIONAL SCIENCE AND MEDIA MUSEUM RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS NATIONAL SCIENCE AND MEDIA MUSEUM RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

LEFT: BELOW: This is the last extant Visitors get a chance to camera used by Francis interact with the Griffiths and Elsie Wright animation collections in NATIONAL SCIENCE around the time of the the Insight Collections Cottingley Fairies. It is a Centre at the National Folding plate ‘Cameo’ Science and Media camera. This camera was Museum during British AND MEDIA MUSEUM given to Frances by Science Week Edward Gardiner and Arthur Conan Doyle in 1920, around the time that they took their fifth and RESEARCH final photograph of fairies in their back garden in HIGHLIGHTS Cottingley, Yorkshire GEOFF BELKNAP Head Curator, National Science and Media Museum

Research is at the heart of everything We were successful this year in a new way, to create an engaging and ‘Investigating Talbot’s Experiments in we do at the National Science and grant bid for a project titled surprising interactive to delight and Photomechanical Printing’, which is a Media Museum, from developing and ‘Responsive Interpretive Storytelling inspire visitors to our forthcoming partnership between the National better understanding our collections to project’ from the Creative Industries Shape of Sound exhibition (April 2020 Science and Media Museum and De designing new collaborative grant Cluster. National Science and Media – January 2021). Montfort University to explore the projects to creating new collections- Museum represents the museum and history of W H F Talbot’s interest in We are also awaiting the results of two focused exhibitions. The strength of heritage sector as a partner in the £15 photomechanical printing. Jayne funding applications. The first is called our collections and in-house research million XR Stories Creative Industries Knight is doing her PhD in partnership ‘Sonic Futures: Collecting, Curating knowledge has been on display through Cluster, investing in Yorkshire as a with the University of Brighton and and Engaging with Sound at the two exhibitions in particular: Hello centre for world-leading, innovative NSMM on a project entitled ‘A Museum National Science and Media Museum’. Universe, which uncovered the sights digital storytelling. The Responsive within the Museum: The Kodak This is a project submitted by Annie and sounds of space from objects Interpretive Storytelling project has collection at National Science and Jamison (Co-I) and James Mansell (PI) across the SMG collection, to The been developed to answer the first call Media Museum’. The project of the University of Nottingham for an Forgotten Showman: How Robert Paul from XR Stories, for funding investigates the history of the Kodak AHRC Follow-on Funding bid which will Invented British Cinema, which applications from R&D collaborations collection as a key to understanding deliver an interactive public showcased some of the gems from our between regional SMEs, academic and displaying the vernacular use of engagement programme designed to film collection. researchers and cultural organisations. photography in the 20th century. Edd been continuing to develop the content Edward Muybridge, and polaroid to involve audiences in the creation of Wilson-Stephens, who successfully for two new permanent galleries which the Science Museum Group Art of Our major collaborative project – This particular project, led by Annie new approaches to curating sound transferred to the second year of his tell the integrated histories of sound Innovation programme; we hosted Bradford’s National Museum, funded by Jamieson, Curator of Sound technologies at National Science and PhD programme on the SMAC scheme, and image technologies. These exciting the first curatorial organised Lates the Arts and Humanities Research Technologies, will combine for the first Media Museum. has being going from strength to new galleries will uncover how evening at the museum – focused on Council, AHRC – has been transforming time two established technologies – a The second project builds on the strength. He spent five weeks in North photography, film, television and sound sound technologies called ‘Good the museum by helping us engage with ‘ColliderCase’, which allows the successful ADAPT project which America this year visiting sound- technologies shape how we hear and Vibrations’; and we attended new communities and tell new stories projection of digital content onto cased explored the history of TV production. related collections and exhibitions at see the world. These new galleries international conferences and on gallery. We are currently in year two objects to create innovative The bid was submitted by Helen museum and galleries, including the – which we plan to open in 2022 – will presented work from the collections of a three-year exploration of how the interpretation without detracting or Langwick, Head of Exhibitions and Exploratorium in San Francisco, and focus on three pillars: to tell authentic in Los Angeles, New Haven, museum can become more open to, distracting from the object itself, and Interpretation, and John Ellis from NAMM in Anaheim, the world’s largest stories through our historical Copenhagen and London. engaged with and better connected ‘The Cutting Room’ object-based media Royal Holloway University to explore trade-only event for the music collections; incorporate interpretation with Bradford. This collaboration tool, which allows for the development This year Geoff Belknap published an the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and products, pro audio and event tech which focuses on how our technologies resulted in a ground-breaking co- of content in response to an individual’s article on scientific illustration in Virtual Reality (VR) technology as an industry. He also spent time with were made and used; and to curated exhibition called Above the circumstances, preferences and Nature and Elinor Groom published a interpretive technique in exhibition Communications Curator Tom Everrett, collaborate with different people and Noise: 15 Stories from Bradford which devices. Working with Bright White Ltd chapter on the history of the Bush and gallery development. at the Canada Science and Technology communities to make more impactful worked with different communities in and DC Labs, at the University of York, TV 22 in the edited volume Hands on Museum in Ottawa, learning about the and relevant galleries. Bradford to supply the narrative of how we will create an exhibit which will We have welcomed two new Media History.We look forward to design and operation of their they have used image and sound display an iconic object from National collaborative doctoral students The curatorial team has continued an continuing to embed a strong dedicated sound gallery. technologies to bypass mainstream Science and Media Museum’s through the Science Museum and active year of research publication and research culture at the museum as media and tell their own story about the collections – the Marconi/BBC AXBT Archives Consortium (SMAC) scheme. One of the biggest research projects engagement, too. Members of the team we develop our collections, galleries, place in which they live. ribbon microphone, c. 1944 – in a new Francesca Strobino is working on for the curatorial team this year has contributed stories on Anna Atkins, exhibitions and public programmes.

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LEFT: Worker in the Great Northern Railway’s NATIONAL mineral audit office at Doncaster, January 1916 RAILWAY RIGHT: Inter-City 125 train on display at the National MUSEUM Railway Museum RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS ED BARTHOLOMEW Senior Curator, National Railway Museum OLIVER BETTS Research Fellow, National Railway Museum

Over the last year, as Masterplan has this project is also helping us to re-examining the collection of bravery PHD STUDENTS: Railways with field trips and archival extensive archive of letters, memos, increasingly come to govern the understand the deeper context of awards that tells a complicated story research in and around the Dartmoor legal indentures and accounts, Amanda Stevens is now approaching museum’s priorities, research has new aspects of the collection, of risk, danger and industrial heroism area. He has also been working with covering over sixty years, sheds a light the end of her PhD and has been continued to play a critical, including the newly arrived High among railway workers. other academics interested in on the difficulties of bringing the line working with STEAM Museum in developing, role. We’ve welcomed a Speed Train power car and Pacer technological and infrastructure to fruition and offers new insights into Just as Britain’s railways spread Swindon and the National Railway growing number of researchers to our train. Working in partnership with developments in rural areas of Britain. the dawn of the coming of the railway. around the world, so too have our Museum archive staff to understand Archives and Stores, hosted new academics at the York Management international connections come back the layouts of the railway carriage Johanna Rustler started her PhD on Finally, this has been a year of academic events and begun fruitful School, BRAC is revitalising the to York this year. Leena Lindell, our kitchens that changed the face of Britain’s Railways in the First World War academic outreach for the museum. collaborations, as staff and volunteers museum’s already outstanding Associate Archivist, has completed passenger experience in the early 20th in spring this year. As a social and Most recently we’ve received the news have continued to build their skills as collection of oral history recordings the cataloguing of the Kenneth century. Much of her work has involved military historian, she began by that the next phase of our Railway researchers and story-tellers. by bringing the story up to date. Cantlie archive. Cantlie, a railwayman getting to grips with the underloved examining the changing role of railway Cultures collaboration with the One of the great joys of working with With Thomas Spain and Andrew with a career spanning more than fifty small object collections in the stations, railway factories and their University of Sheffield has been railway history is the sheer variety that McLean leading research into the years, travelled the globe for his work museum, from knives and forks staff during the war. In September, she funded. Archive to AR Immersive it brings. Staff have been involved in Great Hall redesign and Karen Baker and had a special relationship with through to fabric samples for seats presented her first findings at the Storytelling builds on museum research projects that span from Bob researching the Station Hall China’s tumultuous 20th-century. At and curtains. International Association for Railway expertise in telling the stories of Gwynne’s work on railways and development, we are looking again at the time of writing we are hoping this History conference in Cluj-Napoca, railways past by rendering these as Sophie Vohra has been conducting computers from the early 20th century nearly every aspect of the collection. will translate into a collaborative PhD Romania, where it was well-received. digital, engaging adventures in interviews and uncovering new to the 1980s, to Anthony Coulls’s This has meant working on working with China specialists at the collaboration with Sheffield based ICT archival material relating to both New acquisitions for the National publication on road traction steam challenging new stories and University of York. This archiving has company HIVE and creative writers previous and upcoming Railway Museum collection offer engines. One of the most exciting collecting ideas; something touched also generated an article, published in from the university. The Piston, Pen, commemorations of the Stockton and significant potential for research research collaborations is with the upon in the recent Mobility of Things the Journal of Transport History by and Press project held a conference in Darlington Railway. She has been an projects. For example, the Leonard Friends of the National Railway conference hosted at the museum. Oliver Betts and Thomas Spain, and June 2019 in Tampere – ‘Finland’s active presence in organising Raisbeck archive was created by a key Museum. Angélique Bonamy, Film and Both projects aim to weave together helped contribute to the museum’s Manchester’ – on industrial heritage. conferences, and presenting papers, figure in lobbying for a transport link Sound Curator, has been working with the human and the technological One Billion Journeys exhibition of Museum staff have also presented at the museum, the University of York, between the Durham coalfields and the Frank Paterson, president of the stories of railways, and new Chinese railway photography. We papers at numerous conferences and and further afield in Germany as part towns of Darlington and Stockton. Friends of the National Railway directions of research have included have also welcomed researchers workshops, including the T2M annual of the York-Bielefield-Lund Museum, and his volunteers to create meeting the family of the first female from Egypt, Uganda, the United As a local landowner and lawyer, conference on Transport, Traffic & collaboration. the British Railways All Change oral train driver, Karen Harrison; thinking States and, perhaps most Raisbeck was hugely influential in Mobility, held in October 2019 in Paris, history archive. Charting the anew about the railway mania that importantly, our friends from the Ciaran Johnson has been continuing bringing the Stockton and Darlington where heritage was one of the major complexity of railway privatisation, swept Britain in the 1840s; and Sierra Leone Railway Museum. his research on Britain’s Upland Railway to the region in 1825. His themes.

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SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY MUSEUM RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS GEORGINA YOUNG Head of Collections & Exhibitions, Science and Industry Museum

The Science and Industry Museum’s Conference. The Manchester site, we are keen to support and initiate annual conference to collaborative involvement in interdisciplinary collections and research community further research. Our collaborative doctoral researcher Erin Beeston telling research and practice has deepened also provided food for thought for the doctoral researchers have continued to a story of archive discovery at across the past year. Our focus on Science Museum Group Journal dive deep into the collections, whether Manchester Museum’s annual European digital possibilities – and on art and Editorial Board, stimulus for the it be the interdisciplinary, situated Researchers Night event. science in combination – was given Photographic Collections Network as approach to computing and calculating Over this past year we have shared in form and purpose through the co- they explored the interpretation of objects taken by Charlie Southerton the successes, but also the sadness, of commissioning of Rafael Lozano- photographic collections, and a (Transitions in the technologies and our research collaborators and Hemmer’s Atmospheric Memory for platform and case study for the Energy practices of office work: Manchester’s inspirations. With the death of Jeff Manchester International Festival 2019. and Public Communication Conference administrative industries 1960–2017) or Hughes, a leading figure in the This landmark work brought us closer to organised by Dr Hiroki Shin (Science Francesca Elliott (Power-assisted international history of science and potential research partners and Museum of London and Birkbeck learning? Exhibiting, interpreting and technology community and close demonstrated the potential of the College) and Dr Heather Chappells teaching on technology in the twentieth colleague in the Centre for History of Science and Industry Museum and the (University of British Colombia) as part century industrial city) reconstructing Science Technology and Medicine at Science Museum Group collection to of the Communicating Material Cultures object biographies for engines located the University of Manchester, the enrich and contextualise projects of Energy network. in the Power Hall and securing a museum lost an important friend and exploring this new territory. In parallel, prestigious Smithsonian Fellowship to A new openness about our process – ally. With the death of Rev Dr Richard the museum and the University of expand her thesis by bringing in in line with Science Museum Group’s Hills, the founding curator of the Salford Studio for International Media international parallels. Both research collections engagement ambition – has Science and Industry Museum (then the and Technology secured support from projects are intrinsically and led to improved collections awareness North Western Museum of Science and the North West Consortium Doctoral strategically linked with planned gallery and new research potentials. One Industry), we lost an industrial heritage Training Partnership for a project titled developments proposed under the example of this shift was Archivist Jan expert and repository of museum Developing Methodologies of Play: Science and Industry Museum’s Shearsmith’s blog, Can you help us with history. As we look ahead to the next Curating Digital Interactive Content and Revolution Manchester vision, City of a spectacular collections find?, which phase of the Science and Industry Experience for a Science Museum, Ideas and the Power Hall, respectively. detailed – and posed questions about Museum’s research journey, we pay our recently taken up by Christina – a set of four early Victorian textiles The Science and Industry Museum respects to all those who have helped Buckingham. Meanwhile, on gallery, swatch books produced by Williamson team’s research outputs have included us travel so far. Luke Harrison of the University of Brothers of Manchester for contributions to the Science Museum Salford School of Arts and Media international markets. The blog was Group Journal (From 2D to 3D: the story experimented with rapid prototyping of picked up internationally and received of graphene in objects, Sarah Baines, soundscapes for heritage spaces as a a strong and informed response, Issue 10, autumn 2018) and the Art of prelude to future gallery development improving our catalogue and building Innovation: from Enlightenment to Dark in our 1830 Passenger Station. renewed research interest in our Matter exhibition, publication and radio The museum has also grown into its role textiles industry collections. series. Conference papers and public RIGHT: as research convenor this year, not Commerce, trade and global reach are engagement activities ranged from Jan Archivist Jan Shearsmith retrieves/ least as host venue for the 2019 embedded in these exceptional Hicks on The Hybrid Record Keeper at examines textile swatch books Science Museum Group Research collections and remain areas in which Archives and Records Association UK Photo Science Museum Group/ Drew Forsyth

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LEARNING AND AUDIENCE RESEARCH KAREN DAVIES Head of Learning Research and Resources, Science Museum JANE RAYNER Audience Research Manager, Science Museum

The Science Museum Group Learning and comprehensive insight into water, before and after they visit The of how the findings from our research MOVE2LEARN PHD RESEARCH COMNPLAY department continues to be involved everything we have learned about the Garden’s interactive water experience. can inform exhibit design in science PROJECT The COMnPLAY SCIENCE project aims in a number of research projects use of digital technology in museum They have also been observing how museum settings, provide guidance Minna Orvokki Nygren, PhD researcher to help Europe better understand the across the Group and externally. learning is unparalleled and will be children interact with the water table for facilitator interaction, and on the Move2Learn project, and new ways in which non-formal and Academic research partnerships invaluable to our exhibition developers so that they can see how this demonstrate how gesture can be Professor Sara Price have studied how informal science learning is taking continue through Move2Learn in present and future as well as our many experience might support the way used to get a better understanding we may design playful digital whole place through various coding, making partnership with UCL and the Horizon partners across the sector. You can young children think and communicate of how children process their body interaction environments for and play activities that young 2020 European Union Funding for read more about that in the Digital about water. museum experiences. young children’s meaning making Europeans are increasingly engaged Research & Innovation Project Research article in this report. Drawing on the design guidelines The project aims to contribute both about the physics of sound. with, outside school and higher COMnPLAY, and this year the Audience which have emerged from the work so to learning theory and the practical education science classrooms, Research team are contributing to a MOVE2LEARN As part of her work Minna has far, the researchers – in consultation and intentional design of science beyond the formal boundaries of greater understanding of the impact developed an audio-visual movement- The Move2Learn project is a three-year with Science Museum staff – are exhibits that will engage our science education. of community participation at the based prototype installation called international academic researcher- identifying objects with different youngest museum visitors in science National Science and Media Museum EPESonic (‘Engagement Platform for museum practitioner collaborative sensorimotor properties for engaging concept development. through the AHRC-funded Bradford’s Embodiment’), with which she studies project. It is exploring how the rich with the water table. Our role in the project is to advise on National Museum project in Another outcome of the project will different aspects of body-based sensorimotor experiences which the practice of informal science partnership with Leeds University. Objects relating to pumps and the be a new practitioner/researcher interaction and science learning. children can have through interactions activity. During the course of the movement of water; objects relating to interaction model to strengthen Learning research continues to with exhibits help them to develop In EPESonic, children interact with project many varied examples of damming and water flow; and objects future collaborations between develop under the umbrella of the improved science understanding in the different aspects of sound through informal and non-formal practice will relating to waterwheels and informal learning practitioners and expanded Science Academy. This year early years. It is funded by Wellcome, their movements. Over the past have been studied to understand how highlighting the role of blades in the academic researchers. we have focused on getting Science Economic and Social Research Council summer 2019, Minna conducted two they contribute to the development mechanism of the wheel have been Capital research into practice within and National Science Foundation, and co-design workshops at the Science of a science identity in young people. selected for testing. Science Museum Group and externally involves academics and museum/ Museum and at the National Science Once established, we will use this through CPD for teachers, a science centre practitioners from the Over the next few months the research and Media Museum. research to inform our own best collaboration with ASDC Science UK and US. The Science Museum, team will be introducing children to practice and to underline the Over 20 members of staff from a Capital in Practice and through London is one of the research sites in these objects and exploring how importance of these types of activities number of departments participated professional development for Science the UK. different sensorimotor experiences in young people feeling that science in these interactive workshops to communicators such as the Horizon influence children’s abilities to think is for them. Creative playful science- In this second year of the project we exchange ideas about what is valuable 2020 European Union Funding for and communicate about these based activities it seems are key. are examining how findings from the in designing for movement-based Research & Innovation POLKA project. phenomena. In particular we will be initial work could be applied in the digital interaction environments and More detail on the project and exploring how different objects might Finally, over 20 years of our own context of young children’s interactive science learning. Over the course of all the partners can be found on foster and shape children’s gestural practitioner research into audience experiences in the Science Museum’s the next year, Minna will develop the the dedicated website communication around science, experience of digital interpretation The Garden gallery. The Garden is a EPESonic platform further and is https://comnplayscience.eu/ providing insight into their underlying and digital interactive exhibits has hands-on space created for children planning to tour it at science-themed models of understanding. ABOVE: been collated ready for dissemination under the age of six. The researchers public events to engage new Science Capital in in collaboration our colleagues in the have been inviting children to talk Based on this stage of the research we Practice programme audiences in embodied science Digital Media department. This unique about their everyday experiences with aim to develop more refined guidelines Training Academy learning research.

11 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 12 LEARNING AND AUDIENCE RESEARCH LEARNING AND AUDIENCE RESEARCH

LEFT: The Garden is an interactive gallery created especially for our very youngest visitors, an ideal place for 3–6 year olds to discover science by playing in an exciting, multi-sensory environment

SCIENCE CAPITAL IN PRACTICE Each organisation received a grant, This European-wide project’s mission training, mentoring support and is to develop hydrogen combustion This programme is a collaboration additional resources to allow them to technologies (for example, hydrogen between the Science Museum Group apply the concept of ‘science capital’ boilers, hydrogen-powered cars) for and the UK Association for Science and to their STEM engagement activities, pollution-reduction, with academic Discovery Centres. We are working with and to incorporate this learning more and industrial collaboration, while 15 science centres and museums from broadly into their organisation. also training scientists of the future. across the UK to help increase Combustion of hydrogen from diversity and inclusion in science by In June, we kicked off our ‘Science renewable sources is an emerging applying a science capital research- Capital in Practice’ programme with a technology that can replace fossil informed approach. two-day training academy at the fuels and so provide carbon-neutral Science Museum led by the Academy The Science Museum Group’s strategic energy. team. It included input from Professor ambition is to build science capital in Louise Archer from UCL, who was Given the sustained interest in and individuals and society. We know that updating on the latest science capital controversial discussion of the ‘growing science capital in individuals research and sharing her new Informal prospects of hydrogen, the project and society’ can’t be achieved by one Science Learning Equity framework team are keen to be engaging the organisation alone; it requires support with participants, and Dr Heather King public with their work. The Science and adoption from the wider informal from King’s College London. Museum’s Academy team will be science learning sector which is why delivering public engagement training this programme is so significant. The primary aim of the programme is to for the early career researchers on the help build a community of good The science centres/museums programme. Involving the public in practice, and we’re excited to see how involved are: research can have a wide range of everyone’s programmes grow and benefits: for the researchers; the 1. Aberdeen Science Centre develop. Over the next 18 months we organisation employing them; the will be in regular contact with everyone 2. Dundee Science Centre public; and society more widely. Some and will be following, and sharing, their argue that if research is publicly 3. Glasgow Science Centre journeys through evaluation of the funded, society has a right to shape project. The Transforming Practice 4. Eden Project, Cornwall research agendas and be involved in blog ‘Science Capital in Practice’ series decisions about how discoveries are 5. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London shares updates on the progress of used. In the case of young people, organisations involved in the 6. International Centre for Life, public engagement is an effective way programme. We look forward to Newcastle of stimulating interest in a subject and sharing more about these projects encouraging young people to consider 7. National Coal Mining Museum, at a national seminar in Spring 2021. research careers. This benefits the Wakefield individual students, and society as a POLKA PROJECT AND 8. Catalyst Science Discovery Centre, whole, as young people are PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT Widnes encouraged to become more skilled The Science Museum Group are and engaged citizens. 9. Cambridge Science Centre associate partners in a European-wide So one of the important ways the 10. Oxford University Museum of Horizon 2020 European Union Funding Science Museum Group can help Natural History for Research & Innovation project support scientific research projects is called POLKA (POLlution Know-how 11. Science Oxford to share our know-how in engaging the and Abatement) co-ordinated by Keele public with STEM through science 12. Thinktank (Birmingham University (https://polka-eu.org/). capital-based research, our own Museums Trust) We are responsible for supporting the audience research insights and wider early career researchers with the 13. Woolsthorpe Manor, Lincolnshire education research. public-facing elements of the project. 14. Winchester Science Centre 15. Techniquest Glyndŵr, Wrexham, North Wales

13 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 14 ARCHIVES: ACQUISITIONS AND RESEARCH ARCHIVES: ACQUISITIONS AND RESEARCH

LEFT: Autograph letter from Otto Lilienthal to T J Bennett, ARCHIVES: dated 4 March 1895 ACQUISITIONS AND RESEARCH NICK WYATT Head of Library and Archives, Science Museum

The process of acquiring, appraising, 3. Collection of documents relating to Most of Beata Bradford’s cataloguing 3. Letter from Otto Lilienthal to T J 11. Collection of General Electric Examples include: arranging and cataloguing archives the Portsmouth to Admiralty time this year was spent on processing Bennett and 20 contemporary Company Hirst Research Centre 1. Personal research notes such as can involve significant research before semaphore line designed by this collection and there are now photographs, concerning early Research Reports, 1937–1965, the collection of botanical research a collection is made available for use. Captain Sir Home Riggs Popham, around 400 records on Adlib, about a flying machines, 1890–1900 including the development of notes and papers from the late In order to properly describe Royal Navy commander and third of the collection, with just a small (MS/1943). radar equipment (GECHRC). 19th century to the early 20th collections and their significance, scientist, circa 1811 (MS/1937). proportion published online; the rest 4. Various contracts and agreements 12. The Whitcombe Collection of century (SCM/100/0006). archivists must learn about the lives, are still being edited. Progress was 4. Collection of documents relating to relating to London Docks, 1884– Tramway Photographs, 1880–1943 activities or organisational history of slower than expected, mostly because 2. Dr David Hooper’s manuscript the 1925 Schneider Trophy Race, 1907 (MS/2201). (HAW) showing trams and their creators or collectors. They must the papers needed to be cleaned and notebooks on botanical drugs from which was designed to foster the tramways and other forms of uncover their legal ownership, their rehoused, which takes a very long 5. Papers of Henry Joseph Round, around the world 1930s–1940s development of commercial public transport. intellectual property rights (which time. Despite this, the archive was concerning radio direction finding (SCM/100/0007). Hooper was seaplanes. This complements our can be complex for companies that extensively used by Doug Millard, who and ultrasonic anti-fouling, 13. Collection of Mullard Limited curator in the Indian Museum, existing archive and object have been dissolved or taken over), presented a paper based on the 1919–1966 (MS/2202). Reports Relating to Calcutta, and economic botanist to collections (MS/1942). or whether there are issues around collection at the 70th International Semiconductors, 1954–1964 (MUL). the Botanical Survey of India. 6. Lourdes-Cresswell Collection of confidentiality or other access 5. Several memorabilia albums for the Astronautical Congress in Washington Tramway Photographs showing 14. Farnborough Archive brought 3. Newspaper cuttings and journal restrictions. This report focuses SS Arandora Star’s voyage to the DC. The clearance of Blythe House has trams in Southampton from together by the Royal Aircraft articles from the 1960s–1970s, on on Science Museum archive West Indies, 1930 (MS/0744); SS released a significant quantity of 1898–1949 (MS/2204). Establishment’s museum relating to medical education in Britain and acquisitions and the impact of Alcantara’s voyage to South America, material, some of which is being its history, 1904–1994. This very overseas (SCM/100/0008), the Blythe House clearance. 1936 (MS/0745); RMS Alcantara’s accessioned formally as part of the 7. Technical material collected by large collection, in 292 boxes, is addiction and toxicology voyage to South America, 1936 archive collection. In many cases legal John Edward Kingsbury relating to The formal acquisition process can not catalogued (FARN). (SCM/100/0023), population (MS/0746); and, Union-Castle line title had not passed to the museum so the development of telephone take several months to complete. (SCM/100/0030), and preventative cruise to South Africa, outward on ownership has had to be confirmed. equipment, 1879–1932 (MS/2205). 15. Papers of Mervyn O’Gorman, Our Archive Collections Manager, medicine (SCM/100/0031). RMMV Winchester Castle, and Our Assistant Archivist, Jack Garside, 1890–1958, relating to aviation and Beata Bradford, manages this for 8. Photograph album entitled ‘Some return on MV Carnarvon Castle, has been managing their formal motoring, not catalogued (OGOR). 4. History of medicine collections new acquisitions. The following Examples of Engineering and 1931–1932 (MS/0747). acquisition. The following archives such as Biblical Medicine archives completed this process this Architectural Works’ produced by The Blythe House clearance also have at least a collection-level (SCM/100/0036) and Ancient year and are now available for use. 6. Collection of documents relating to the consultant engineering and yielded papers collected by former description on the catalogue. Egyptian medicine Arthur John Bohringer, automobile architectural firm C.W. Glover and curators for their own research. These 1. John Milne papers relating to (SCM/100/0035). engineer and designer, dating from 1. Photo album entitled ‘A Souvenir Partners, 1927–1944 (MS/2206). will remain un-accessioned collections seismology, transferred from the 1918–1927 (MS/2199). One surprise from Ludham: Dan England known as the Curatorial Research 5. A very extensive collection on Library’s Milne Collection, including 9. Collection of Research Reports within this collection are designs (Millwright) & His Shop’. These show Papers. They are not catalogued on medical biographies comprised of photographs showing the impact and Studies Produced by Elliott for the London Marionette Theatre! this Norfolk workshop around Adlib, but are described in the articles, research notes and press of earthquakes (MILN). Brothers (London) and Elliott Christmas 1932 (MS/1940). collections database, Mimsy. Cate cuttings from 1900s–1970s This year the museum received the Automation, 1950–1970 relating 2. Manuscript paint recipe book used Watson, Library and Archives (SCM/100/0018). final batches of the Geoffrey Perry 2. Accounts between Coates & Wright to computers, radar and other in the Paint Works at Haltwhistle in Collections Assistant has sorted and Archive relating to operation of the of Ingleton and Peel, Williams & electronic systems (ELLREP). Northumberland. This contains described 63 such collections Kettering Group (KET). Its origins date Peel of Manchester regarding the around 100 recipes for different 10. Papers of the General Electric covering many subjects. Some were from 1960, when schoolteachers purchase of two steam engines paints, specifying ingredients and Illumination Group, 1925–1990, associated with the former Wellcome Geoffrey Perry and Derek Slater (MS/1941). quantities required for their including work on street-lighting Historical Medical Museum and can incorporated practical satellite preparation (MS/1936). (GECIG). complement the new Medical Galleries. tracking exercises that focused on Soviet satellites into their science lessons at Kettering Grammar School.

15 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 16 RARE BOOKS AND THEIR PROVENANCE RARE BOOKS AND THEIR PROVENANCE

library’s early mathematical books. many books is still unknown; our copy He found extensive evidence of has Lavoisier’s bookplate and was previous ownership and of the use of another Honeyman acquisition. RARE BOOKS these copies. He was able to trace the Galileo’s Opere (Bologna, 1656) is library’s collecting behaviour over the signed and dated 1740 by the French years, including the purchase of books naturalist Georges Louis Leclerc AND THEIR from Sion College Library in 1938. Buffon (1707–1788). His library was Several of these had been previously acquired by the Comte de Mirabeau owned by Nathaniel Torporley (1564– (1749–1791), the ‘intellectual 1632), Anglican clergyman, pathfinder of the French Revolution’ PROVENANCE mathematician and astrologer. whose books were sold in 1792 and the sale catalogue still exists. This copy Sometimes books were acquired was later acquired by the Museum together with objects and in 1951 the of Economic Geology. museum purchased 55 books from the NICK WYATT estate of Thomas H Court, a historian Sometimes scattered copies from and collector of scientific instruments, libraries are reunited. Both Lazarus Head of Library and Archives, Science Museum two of which are now on display in Ercker’s Fleta Minor (London, 1683) Science City. Another major purchase and Newton’s Method of Fluxions took place between 1978–81, when the (London, 1736), were owned by Edward, library received a special grant from Duke of Norfolk and Earl Marshall of HMSO, its purchasing agent, to bid for England (1686–1777) but were The provenance of rare books in the appears in London, where it was sold over 120 books from Robert acquired by the library at different Science Museum Library has received sometime after 1838 by the bookseller Honeyman’s collection being auctioned times. His bookplate consists of his greater attention as we seek to Hippolyte Bailliere, possibly to the by Sotheby’s. This added many name and coat-of-arms. understand the life-histories of Museum of Economic Geology. This significant books by Nicolaus Some historians have recorded all individual copies and their acquisition copy is notable for its annotations. Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes remaining copies of early editions of by the Library or its predecessors. Kepler, William Harvey and others. The Library’s copy of the catalogue of books such as Euclid’s Elements, Careful research can reveal interesting the Museum of Practical Geology The evidence of previous owners can Copernicus’s De Revolutionibus histories as we trace former owners by Library is marked up to indicate which so often be lost when books are Coelestis, Harvey’s De Motu Cordis and examining bookplates, book stamps, books were to be transferred to the rebound or damaged. Signatures of Andreas Vesalius’s De Humani Corporis annotations, booksellers’ labels and Science Library and, for some, the former owners may be obscured or Fabrica. The library’s copies have been sale catalogues. Rarely do we discover date this happened. There is also a crossed out, book plates may be included in these published surveys. their full history and usually we are left catalogue for the South Kensington removed or covered, so the researcher Information about provenance and with just snapshots, but these can Museum’s Educational Library, which is needs to refer to other historical annotation is also being added to the provide useful clues to how they were marked up in a similar way. Its books evidence. One Honeyman acquisition, library catalogue and Kevin Tracey has once collected and used through contain the stamp of the Educational Thomas Everard’s Stereometry Made added information on 878 works thus sometimes turbulent times. Museum. One example, The Newtonian Easie (London, 1684) was once owned ensuring this information is available Many of these books came from the System of Philosophy… being a Series by Sir Isaac Newton. This is not obvious for future researchers. Museum of Practical Geology, of Six Lectures Read to the Lilliputian from the book, but it has the bookplate The library’s rare books are rich with established as the Museum of Economic Society by Tom Telescope (London, of James Musgrave of Barnesley Park, microhistories of personal and Geology in 1837. Some had been 1787), is now on display in Science City. Gloucester, obscuring the bookplate of institutional libraries, revealing new donated by the geologist Sir Henry de Another example is a bound set of Charles Huggins of Chinnor, whose insights into their distribution and la Beche, its first director, including catalogues of the first to fourth father John purchased Newton’s books impact, but much more remains to Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology national industrial exhibitions in Paris. for £300 in 1727. be rediscovered! (London, 1830–33), given to him by the The first of these, Exposition Publique Many earlier owners cannot be author. His copy of De la Richesse des Produits de l’Industrie Française, identified in the historic record, the Minérale by Antoine-Marie Héron de Catalogue des Produits Industriels … only evidence of their lives being their Villefosse (1774–1852) published in (Paris, 1798) is signed by ‘M. Digby signature within a book. But more Paris in 1819, contains his armorial Wyatt, 1849’ with an inscription ‘To the prominent owners can be identified, bookplate (pictured), the book stamp Library, South Kensington from M. some being contemporary with the of the Museum of Economic Geology Digby Wyatt. Catalogue of the first author, others as later owners. Nicolas (received 21 January 1843) and the French exhibition, of the very utmost Louis de la Caille had just 120 copies of bookplate of the Library, Museum of rarity as I could never find another …’. his Astronomiæ Fundamenta (Paris, Practical Geology. Wyatt was an architect and art 1757) printed, which he gave to historian and Secretary to the Great Lorenzo Ventura’s alchemical book De friends, including one of his students, Exhibition of 1851. Ratione Conficiendi Lapidis Philosophici the French chemist, Antoine Lavoisier LEFT: (Basel, 1571) was once in the monastery In 2019, Kevin Tracey gained his (1743–1794), who lost his head in the Bookplate of Sir Henry de library of Weissenau Abbey in Germany, doctorate based on his survey, Revolution. Lavoisier’s library was la Beche & Library, Museum which was broken up in 1802–3. It next research and interpretation of the broken up and the whereabouts of of Practical Geology, detail

17 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 18 ANNUAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2019 HIGHLIGHTS ANNUAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2019 HIGHLIGHTS

LEFT: Research Team then presented some The conference split into two parallel Brass, Steel and Fire exhibition at findings from a major piece of panels for the second session of the the National Railway Museum, research into digital exhibits and day: ‘The Industrious Spaces of includes models through 100 years of rapid technological change prototyping in the Science Museum Knowledge and Practice in Early Group. Finally, Anthony Coulls gave Modern London’ and ‘People and ANNUAL RESEARCH a paper on the Railway Museum’s Place’. ‘Industrious Spaces’ was a panel Operating Vehicles Strategy. arising out of the ‘Metropolitan Science: Places, Objects and Cultures In ‘Industry and Society’, Joshua of Practice and Knowledge in London, McMullan, collaborative doctoral 1600–1800’ project at the University of CONFERENCE 2019 student at the University of Leicester Manchester Museum and how their Kent in partnership with the Science and the National Archives, kicked off purpose has shifted over time. Finally, Museum. Keeper of Science Alison with discussion of Operation Smash Hit Emily Malcolm, Curator of Transport and Boyle chaired the panel which included and how this staged train crash fitted HIGHLIGHTS Technology at Glasgow Museums, used papers on the Royal Mint by Jasmine into the communication strategy of the examples from Glasgow Museums’ Kilburn-Toppin; Sir Samuel Morland by nuclear industry. Liz Bruton, Curator of collection to look at how they had Jim Bennett; Trinity House and the Technology and Engineering at the historically been received. oversight of navigation in London by Science Museum, followed with an Rebekah Higgitt; and the navigational For the second session, the conference exploration of a selection of business of the East India Company by split into two parallel sessions on typewriters from the Printing and Noah Moxham. ‘Post-Industry’ and ‘Place and People’. Writing collection and how these In ‘Post-Industry’, Sarah Rawlins from changed roles and workplaces for The parallel panel on ‘People and the Exhibitions team at the Science and women and people with certain Place’ saw Abi Wilson present on the Media Museum introduced the Above disabilities. Last was Bob Gwynne, impact of Joseph Whitworth’s the Noise exhibition and its co-curation Associate Curator at the Railway philanthropy on Manchester’s built approach as part of Bradford’s National Museum, presenting research carried environment. Then Ben Russell Museum Project. Next, Norman out with Jonathan Aylen of the explored how the workshops of London Redhead examined the re-use of University of Manchester. The paper engineers in 1800–1830 may have industrial buildings in Manchester. looked at how Cold War computing influenced their work and networks. Meanwhile in ‘Place and People’, technology was repurposed to enable Finally, Professor Margaret Littler Dominic Sagar, Senior Lecturer at the efficient operation of the rail network. introduced a new project looking at Manchester School of Architecture, how Germans contributed to the The last formal session of the day was a explored the similarities between development of science, industry and keynote address by Mark Ball and Manchester and Detroit, and Richard culture in 19th-century Manchester. Gabrielle Jenks of Manchester Brook, Reader at the Manchester International Festival. They introduced After lunch, the attention turned to School of Architecture, examined ABIGAIL WILSON the plans for the new arts venue The Humphrey Jennings. In a session on the physical sites of Manchester’s Factory and explored how their ‘Representations of the Industrial Associate Curator, Science Museum post-war computing industry. interdisciplinary focus and digital Revolution’, Matthew Watson from After lunch, Andrew Connolly presented ambition would play out in this new Bolton Museum investigated to what his work with linguist Rebecca Woods space. The day ended with a tour of the extent Humphrey Jennings and the on ‘Technically speaking: a corpus Textiles gallery with Curator of Mass Observation movement linguistic study of the value of Industrial Heritage Katie Belshaw. constructed an image of the industrial technicians’ to a plenary session. north. Then Tim Boon introduced a The second day of the conference This year’s annual research conference welcomed everyone to the event and University of Manchester and the Andrew has been advising colleagues selection of documentary films from began with a panel on Industry and Art. took place at the Science and Industry placed the theme in the context of the Science and Industry Museum. Drawing working on the Technicians gallery at the mid-20th century which evidenced Imogen Holmes-Roe, Curator of Historic Museum on 4 and 5 November 2019. vision for the museum and its on work from her PhD thesis project, the Science Museum and the a “virtual dictionary of visual, sonic and Fine Art at The Whitworth, kicked off Exploring the theme ‘The Place of internationally important historic Francesca brought together curators reinterpretation of the Power Hall at verbal tropes” utilised when depicting with a look at how its foundation by a Industry’, the conference looked at industrial site. With ambitious plans from across the country to discuss the Science and Industry Museum. the Industrial Revolution. Drawing leading industrialist has affected the place-based approaches to science and underway to transform how the ‘Models and Replicas’. together many of the strands of the Splitting into parallel sessions again, development of its collections. Next, industry as well as the interfaces and museum tells the story of Manchester conference, Jennifer Tucker, Associate First up, Anthony Coulls, Senior Curator papers were presented on ‘Bringing Katie Belshaw considered how Lowry’s juxtapositions of industry with other – the world’s first industrial city – and Professor at Wesleyan University, drew of Rail Transport and Technology at the Industry to Life’ and ‘Industry and paintings have influenced how people disciplines and frames. Over the two to reconnect the museum site with the proceedings to a close with a keynote Railway Museum, spoke about his work Society’. For the session on ‘Bringing see industrial spaces. Lastly, Luke days, we heard from colleagues from rest of the Liverpool Road goods on Humphrey Jennings’ Pandaemonium on finding a new way to display Industry to Life’, Karen Baker and Ellen Harrison from the University of Salford across the group in addition to station, soon to house The Factory and its significance as a source in the locomotive models in the exhibition Tait, Librarian and Interpretation introduced his project investigating researchers engaged in work that arts venue, the conference was long history of the visualisation of Brass, Steel and Fire. Next, Rachel Developer at the Railway Museum how 360 video and ambisonic audio speaks to the Science Museum Group’s particularly timely. industrial modernity. Webster, Curator of Botany, and David respectively, spoke about the could be used in rapid prototyping to collections and concerns. The first session was a panel convened Gelsthorpe, Curator of Earth Sciences, research feeding into the plans for create soundscapes for heritage The director of the Science and and chaired by Francesca Elliott, a both at Manchester Museum, discussed the redevelopment of the Station Hall. spaces, using the 1830 Station as a Industry Museum, Sally MacDonald, collaborative doctoral student at the the use and display of models at Bethan Ross from the Audience case study.

19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 20 ANNUAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2019 HIGHLIGHTS ANNUAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2019 HIGHLIGHTS

19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 20 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP JOURNAL REPORT AND REFLECTIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP JOURNAL REPORT AND REFLECTIONS

BELOW: Tea Trollies, from Becky Peacock’s Uncovering the secrets of Canadian Pacific SCIENCE MUSEUM (Issue 10, Autumn 2018) Credit: Dennis Holdaway GROUP JOURNAL REPORT AND REFLECTIONS MICHAEL FLYNN Science Museum Group Journal Guest Editor

As the Journal enters its seventh year it nurses, and a review of three exhibitions and material culture of Hertha Marks does so in a state of robust good health. by artist Tacita Dean. Ayrton (1854–1923): suffragette, Submission rates continue to grow, physicist, mathematician and The rise in submissions has also allowed both from within and outside of the inventor by Elizabeth Bruton, and us to plan several issues in advance, Group, and there has been a A history of amulets in ten objects enabling us to continue our practice of corresponding rise in readership. by Annie Thwaite. bringing together ‘mini-collections’ of During the academic year 18–19, the papers grouped around a common In keeping with the wide scope of Journal received 44,000 views (up theme. Issue 10 (published in autumn subjects covered, the range of from 30,000 in 17–18), while the number 2018) celebrated both a century of authors has been equally broad. In of subscribers now stands at 5,300. women’s suffrage and the Year of addition to publishing articles from In keeping with our ambition to Engineering with a mini-collection of established academics, we continue represent the broad interests of the articles exploring the role of women in to provide a platform for those who Science Museum Group, we have STEM from the late 19th to the mid-20th are just setting out on their careers. featured articles from our research century. Readers were given the Back in 2016, the Science Museum fellows alongside those of permanent opportunity to explore the under- Group Journal introduced a staff. Most encouragingly, we have also acknowledged role of women in the competition to encourage and seen external submissions rise to a railways in the early-20th century, reward research articles written by level where they now represent discover what photographs can say talented early career scholars. Since upwards of eighty per cent of the total about attitudes towards female then, a prize of £500 has been submissions; this year alone we have scientists, and determine the extent to awarded annually to the author of the published contributions from Russia which Wikipedia under-represents best original research article – as and the USA – as well as Leeds, Oxford, women engineers today. judged by our esteemed editorial Cardiff and Kent. board – which addresses research Issue 11 featured a mini-collection on focused on science history, heritage, Topics covered have been equally the theme of wounds, featuring, among exhibitions, communications and broad. Over the course of Issues 10 and other delights, some frankly gruesome public engagement. 11 we’ve published a wonderfully descriptions of early modern facial illustrated discussion of the Crystal surgery, a discussion of Ambroise Paré’s In Issue 11 we were very proud to Palace dinosaur models, an innovative treatment of gunshot include the previous year’s winning investigation into the provenance of a wounds, and an examination of the entry, from Jules Skotnes-Brown. His beautiful 17th-century medical chest, importance of processions as a article ‘From the White Man’s Grave to an exploration of the art and science of response to episodes of plague in the White Man’s home?’ impressed displaying the medieval past in 19th- 16th-century Mantua. In fact, the the judges with the way he had century London, the story of graphene extraordinary range of subjects covered cleverly compared visitor accounts as told through 3D objects, an this year is perhaps best illustrated by and curatorial intentions for the evaluation of the use of a card game to our two most popular articles, from 1924/25 British Empire Exhibition, communicate the history of science to Issues 10 and 11 respectively: The life challenging our understanding of

21 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 22 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP JOURNAL REPORT AND REFLECTIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP JOURNAL REPORT AND REFLECTIONS

LEFT: Genoese medicine chest, c. 1565, from Julie Ackroyd’s The provenance and context of the Giustiniani Medicine Chest (Issue 11, Spring 2019)

RIGHT: Iguanodon models at Crystal Palace, from Alison Laurence’s A discourse with deep time: the extinct animals of Crystal Palace Park as heritage artefacts (Issue 11, Spring 2019)

how the exhibition was actually experienced by audiences. The impact of the article was further enhanced by the way the author had taken advantage of the Journal’s capacity to feature rich imagery and multi-media, featuring as it did several embedded pieces of contemporary footage from the exhibition plus links to external websites offering supporting material for the piece. As part of our own development in this area, and in keeping with our desire to innovate and improve, this coming year will see the unveiling of a new look and feel for the Science Museum Group Journal. In addition to alterations on the back-end functionality, we trust that our new format will improve both user experience and engagement. Changes to the Content Management System will see hugely improved integration with Collections Online while allowing us to extend our capabilities further, thus increasing research outputs over the coming years. The ability of the Journal to provide a peer-reviewed, open ABOVE: access and visually beautiful platform Prisoner Pair, 2008 by for research related to collections and Tacita Dean, from Katy practice in museums is clearly Barrett’s Tacita Dean: LANDSCAPE, PORTRAIT, attractive to external scholars and STILL LIFE (Issue 10, museum practitioners and in the Autumn 2018) coming year we shall continue to provide an enriching and engaging space for all interested parties.

23 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 24 EVENTS AT THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP EVENTS AT THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP

8 March 2019 - Strategies for 29 April 2019 – Sierra Leone 5 June 2019 – Electrifying Women: Digital Curating (Science Museum) Railway Museum visit Understanding the Long History of (National Railway Museum) Women in Engineering launch event Held in collaboration with the (Science Museum) Contemporary Art Society and Staff from across the museum hosted Serpentine Galleries, this seminar a visit from our sister museum, in This lecture was co-organised with the EVENTS explored the different roles that the Sierra Leone, and discussed University of Leeds to celebrate the ‘digital’ holds within institutions. resourcing and research issues with centenary of The UK Women’s Through looking at the ways in which the delegation. Engineering Society, the first of its different institutions manage digital kind in the world. It looked at how the 30 April 2019 – Adventures in the projects, we discussed the following: First World War created new Archives (National Railway Museum) digital and tech literacy; the hybridity opportunities for women to participate of technical and curatorial skills; and Led by Dr John Bowen from the in engineering, and how this interacted 21 September 2018 – National Railway 24 October 2018 – Communicating January – March 2019 – Institute collaboration between departments. Department of English and Related with the exciting new technologies of Museum’s collecting policies Material Cultures of Energy Electricity for the Public Understanding of Literature at the University of York. electrical power and lighting a whole 13 March 2019 – Exhibition planning Quiz (Science and Industry Museum) the Past student placements Participating students were also generation earlier. Ed Bartholomew gave an introduction session (National Railway Museum) (National Railway Museum) given museum tours and archive to the National Railway Museum’s Organised by the Communicating 8 June 2019 – Yorkshire Sound Dr Oli Betts, Dr Thomas Spain, Ed handling sessions. collecting policies and programme to Material Cultures of Energy network Oli Betts and Sophie Vohra (CDA Women Network Event Bartholomew and National Railway the Museums for Profusion as part of the Science and Industry student) supported three student 7 May 2019 – National Science and (National Science and Media Museum) Museum collaborative doctoral student conference organised by Heritage Museum Power Late. placements from the MA course at Media Museum Research Seminar Futures and the University of York’s University of York. They researched the Sophie Vohra led tours and an exhibition Annie Jamieson (National Science and 22 November 2018 – Institute of Sociology department at the National various histories of British Rail and planning session with 15 first-year Michelle Henning (Professor of Media Museum Curator of Sound Railway Studies Seminar (National Railway Museum. presented to the wider curatorial undergraduate History students from Photography and Cultural History, Technologies) held a ‘Level Up’ event Railway Museum) team, many of whom had helped them the University of Huddersfield. University of West London) gave a for Yorkshire Sound Women Network, 28 September 2018 – Attingham Trust Professor Richard Dennis, Emeritus during the course of the placement. talk presentation ‘Ilford Limited: which included a day of talks, Visit (National Railway Museum) 28 March 2019 – Representing the Professor of Geography at University Researching the British Photography workshops and tours, based around 5 February 2019 – National Science Medical Body (Science Museum) The museum hosted a visit from the College London on the Metropolitan Industry in the Interwar Period’. the theme of film sound, including a and Media Museum Research Seminar A one-day workshop reflecting on the Skype Q&A with sound designers from Attingham Trust group of curators and Railway and Dr Nicola Kirkby, Royal 23 May 2019 – Mechanical Medicine: unique ways in which the body has been Game of Thrones. researchers on tour from the USA, with Holloway University on Thomas Hardy’s Cameron Tailford (Science and Exploring the History of Healing by represented in relation to health and this year’s theme for their trip being Laodicean and the Channel Tunnel. Industry Collaborative Doctoral Exercise, Manipulation and Massage 20 June 2019 – The Material Culture ‘Transport and Travel’. Tours of Student) gave a presentation titled medicine through the history of art and 28 November 2018 – Technologies (Science Museum) of Health Activism Conference collections and discussions of content ‘‘Nurse Your Set’: Women’s work in the visual culture. The workshop brought of Romance Symposium (Science Museum) planned for redevelopment helped early electronics industry in Britain’. together artists, scientists and An interdisciplinary symposium on the (Science Museum) them understand work in progress historians of art, science and medicine history of therapeutic exercise, An interdisciplinary conference 27 February 2019 – Vision 2025 at the museum. A day-long symposium to mark the and contributions took a variety of manipulation and massage – with or explored the history and strategy of masterplan (National Railway Museum) publication of Technologies of forms including papers, artists’ talks, without apparatus – also collectively health activism along with its material 2 October 2018 – National Sceince and Romance – Part II, the new book by Dr Oli Betts and Ed Bartholomew led a films and performances. known as mechanotherapy. Papers and visual culture, with a focus on Media Museum Research Seminar were given by scholars from a range considering the politics of collecting, Paul O’Kane. The day featured a seminar on the National Railway 11 April 2019 – Chemistry in of disciplines and discussed curating and interpreting health Edd Wilson-Stephens (National diverse and dynamic range of artists, Museum and its Vision 2025 Albertopolis (Science Museum) Sceince and Media Museum lecturers, historians, students and masterplan for 13 students on York cross-cultural perspectives on activism in museums and other Collaborative Doctoral Student) gave curators from various institutions, University’s Institute for the Public This one-day conference featured mechanotherapy and manual healing. institutions. The conference included a sessions and tours celebrating the ceremonial unfolding of Block 3 of the a presentation titled ‘Synthesizers, exchanging ideas and contributing Understanding of the Past taught 4 June 2019 – National Science and institutions which helped to make Dutch AIDS Memorial Quilt introduced Speakers and the Side Man’. artworks, performances, videos and Masters programme. Media Museum Research Seminar academic papers on the symposium’s chemistry a key facet of intellectual by Jörn Wolters from the Stichting 15 October 2018 – Photographic 5 & 6 March 2019 - Eighteenth Century title and theme. and public life in West London and Kendra Bean (National Sceince and NAMENproject Nederland. Collections Network workshop English Medicine, A Tour of the beyond. This event was part of Media Museum Collections Assistant) 20 June 2019 – Institute of (Science and Industry Museum) 17–18 December 2018 – Mobility of Science Museum Library’s Rare Books ChemFest 2019, jointly organised by gave a presentation titled ‘Ready for Things: Pasts, Presents and Futures (Science Museum) Railway Studies Seminar Organised by the Photographic the Science Museum, Imperial College its Close-up: Caring for the Daily (National Railway Museum) (National Railway Museum) Collections Network and hosted by A tour of six highlights from the London, the Royal Society of Herald Archive’. Chemistry, the Victoria & Albert As part of our on-going seminar series, Science and Industry Museum with A two-day conference which explored museum’s collection of pre-1800 5 June 2019 – Making Sense of Museum, the 1851 Commission and Dr Robert Demaine (archive volunteer) the museum’s object and archive the theme of ‘Movement of Things’ in medical books, focusing on the stories Museums Seminar (Science Museum) content, a half-day workshop looking past, present, and future contexts. of the books, both as objects owned the Royal College of Art. spoke about his work on the Jeremiah This event was part of the University of Head diary (a collaborator and at how to interpret photographic by real people and institutions, and as 12 April 2019 – Workshop on oral 18 January 2019 – Environment and Bristol’s Centre for Health, Humanities employee of Robert Stephenson). He collections in different settings. key texts in the history of medicine. history (National Railway Museum) Geography Department students visit and Science’s regular seminar series. was joined by John Liffen (Science (National Railway Museum) The National Railway Museum and York The seminar featured short talks from Museum) who spoke about depictions Led by Dr Katherine Brookfield University’s Management School held a panel, including museum staff and of Rocket in print, and Dr William (University of York) this student visit a workshop on oral history, centred on researchers, working with collections Godfrey (University of Bradford) who for c.40 undergraduates took them on the Britain’s Railways All Change project based at the Science Museum. studies anthropomorphism of railway a collections and archives tour along on railway privatisation, attended by engines in serials such as Thomas the the theme of ‘Travel and Tourism’. 34 delegates. Tank Engine and Ivor the Engine.

25 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 26 EVENTS AT THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP EVENTS AT THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP

July – August 2019 – White Rose 24 – 25 July – Energy & Public 19 September – Rethinking Human 11 October – Electrifying Women student placements Communications Conference Remains in the 21st Century Museum Power Hall workshop (National Railway Museum) (Science and Industry Museum) (Science Museum) (Science and Industry Museum) Oli Betts and Sophie Vohra (CDA Transdisciplinary and trans-sector A one-day symposium which brought Convened by Sarah Baines in student), very much supported by the conference organised by the together individuals whose research partnership with the Electrifying wider team, hosted two PhD students Communicating Material Cultures of and practice are connected to, or Women impact and engagement on a significant placement as they Energy network, including a inform, the contemporary research, project, focused on approaches to developed trial exhibitions and presentation by Jan Hicks with display, and dissemination of human researching women who worked worked together to research and Electricity North West on (ENW) remains collections in UK museums. It with engines and exploring how the create content for Vision 2025. partnership working to communicate explored frameworks to re-think the stories of women engineers are told energy stories in a museum exhibition, place of human remains in museums in museums 4 July – The Museums & Galleries focused on the partnership working and how contemporary research and History Group annual lecture 16 November 2019 – Untold Stories: between Science and Industy Museum practice can be challenged through (Science Museum) Bringing Together Oral Histories of and ENW to deliver exhibition content the lens of diverse approaches. This Britain’s Railways A lecture given by Professor Elizabeth about the management of electricity symposium was delivered in (National Railway Museum) Edwards entitled ‘Collections, demand and supply. collaboration with the School of Non-Collections and Ecosystems: Museum Studies at the University Oli Betts and Ed Bartholomew from 31 July – 1 August – Workshop 1 of Case notes on photographic cultures of Leicester. the museum hosted a one-day the Culture-Space Network research in the Museum’. This paper considered workshop on oral histories, with a project (Science Museum) 7 – 8 October – Workshop 2 of the the presence of photographs in range of speakers covering practical Culture Space Network research museums as an ecosystem and how Workshop 1 of a multidisciplinary and topical examples of how to work project (Science Museum) this ecosystem is characterised. series of workshops to explore our in this field. understanding of space exploration in The Science Museum Group and 11 July – Sensing the Machine-Body 21 – 22 November – Workshop 3 of a cultural context. Museum and arts European Space Agency hosted Interface: A Cross-Disciplinary the Culture Space Network research sector professionals as well as museum and arts sector professionals Workshop on Medicine, Technology project (Science Museum) academics from a variety of fields met as well as academics to discuss the & Embodiment (Science Museum) to discuss the culture of space culture of space exploration. They The final workshop in the Culture This workshop was a collaboration exploration. They considered what the considered what diversity means in Space network series. This workshop between Medicine Galleries Research culture of space is, was, and could be; space, for space, and in space-science was held at the UCL Mullard Space Fellows at the Science Museum, and how this could be displayed in a museum displays at the European Science Laboratory in Dorking, Surrey. London, and Bristol Senses Cluster, future Space gallery at the Science Space Research and Technology Museum professionals and academics with support from Wellcome. It Museum, London. Centre in Noordwijk, Netherlands. discussed the reasons and means for explored the role our senses play humanity’s exploration of outer space. 3 September – National Science and 10 October – Decolonising Science across a range of medical and Media Museum Research Seminar Narratives (Science Museum) 27 November 2019 – Institute of disability related perspectives, with Railway Studies Seminar a focus on the relationship between Vanessa Torres (Conservator) gave a This workshop brought together those (National Railway Museum) the lived body and what might be presentation titled ‘Recent Advances working across and between broadly termed ‘the machine’. in Preserving Photographs’. disciplines and practices to critically Professor Kirstie Blair (University of reflect on the histories and realities of Strathclyde) and Oli Betts (Reseacrh 19 July – Exploring Collaborative PhDs 12 September – Organic Systems: colonialism and science, with a view Fellow) presented material from their Networking Event (Science Museum) Science Fiction and Ecology Today towards developing a set of usable Piston, Pen and Press collaboration (Science Museum) This was a facilitated networking practices to contest the conspicuous and reflected on the online MOOC event for Science Museum Group A half-day event and the fourth in a absences of colonial history in science that they have created as part of staff and interested academics to series of training sessions to explore narratives. Papers given engaged with the project. discuss potential collaborative the relation between science fiction the themes of historic and Autumn Term – Medicine Galleries PhD projects within the Science and ecology as the nexus of an contemporary colonial scientific Research Seminar Series Museum Group museums for AHRC- emergent set of interdisciplinary practices from all disciplines and (Science Museum) funded Collaborative Doctoral research interests. These events attempted to disentangle framings Partnership awards. were held in partnership with of science as ‘neutral’, ‘objective’ In the lead up to the opening of the Birkbeck College and Goldsmiths, and otherwise divorced from new Medicine Galleries at the Science University of London. uncomfortable histories. Museum in Autumn 2019, the Science Museum hosted a Medicine Galleries Seminar Series to celebrate and share the work of the Medicine Galleries Research Fellows.

LEFT: Visitors at the Science Museum’s new Medicine Galleries

27 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 28 THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER

LEFT: The Art of Innovation: From Enlightenment to Dark Matter Exhibition, Science Museum, London. Polaroid SX-70 Land camera Model 2, 1948–1953 and Sun on the Pool, Los THE ART OF INNOVATION: Angeles, David Hockney, 1982 FROM ENLIGHTENMENT

‘The Art of Innovation series TO DARK MATTER – for once – deserves the label “landmark…”’ The Spectator

‘The Art of Innovation’ is a landmark collections of the Science Museum scientific knowledge to fall on to the 20-part radio series, exhibition and Group and that audiences should be faces of a gathered crowd. This rich book produced in partnership with the left with the understanding that both image provides an insight into the BBC. Drawing on major stories from our art and science rely on imagination thinking of the time, as astronomical collections, it examines the and creativity. Just as Constable said science took a place alongside a relationship between science and art, in 1836, ‘Painting is a science, and religious understanding of the cosmos. questioning C P Snow’s ‘two cultures’ should be pursued as an enquiry into The painting is displayed alongside a debate in 1959 and asking whether the laws of nature,’ so Einstein humbler wooden pulley orrery, created our scientific and artistic cultures are crossed the imagined boundary and by the astronomer and communicator better understood as co-constructed in 1929 claimed, ‘I am enough of an James Ferguson. He took it upon and intertwined. artist to draw freely upon my himself to travel across the country, imagination. Imagination is more explaining the motions of the Moon This is the first time that the Science important than knowledge.’ and Earth around the Sun. Museum Group has worked with the BBC to create a cross-media The importance of creativity and We know that Ferguson visited Derby in experience, building supporting imagination, as well as rigorous July 1762, and it is likely that Joseph narratives across radio, exhibition and experimentation and hard work, was Wright would have seen his lecture. a publication. Each medium was used found across both artistic and Ferguson’s ambition was not to replace to its advantage: through the radio scientific practice. Both disciplines God’s creation, just to explain it, and he series the co-presenters, Sir Ian share tools and technologies, probing published in 1756 a book to spread Blatchford and Tilly Blyth, strung how to work with images. these ideas to the middle classes, complex stories together through rather wonderfully called Astronomy The project features an array of work contributions from curators and explained upon Sir Isaac Newton’s from some of Britain’s most significant experts, the exhibition provided an Principles: and made easy to those artists – Turner, Hepworth, Hockney, intimate experience with the artwork who have not studied mathematics. Constable, Parker and Shawcross, with or object in discussion, the book gave many significant loans for the Turner’s strikingly impressionistic us the freedom to explore the specific exhibition. One of the most important image from 1844, ‘Rain, Steam and perspectives in the relationship of art works is the wonderful loan from Derby Speed’, presents a locomotive hurtling and science. The aim is that through Museums, ‘A Philosopher Giving that along the Great Western Railway this transmedia approach, people can lecture on the orrery, in which a lamp is towards the viewer. It captures that appreciate that science and art put in place of the sun’ by Joseph sense of awe and wonder that develop and define each other, they Wright. Here a grand orrery, showing passengers must have felt, as they are part of the same culture and that the movement of planets around the travelled along these new ‘iron roads’ scientific objects can be appreciated TILLY BLYTH Sun, spreads scientific knowledge at speeds of over 60 mph – faster than aesthetically. Head of Collections and Principal Curator, Science Museum onto a gathered group of adults and anyone on the planet had travelled Our choice of works and objects came children. The technique of chiaroscuro, before. For the first time we have been from two guiding rules: that our stories offering a strong contrast between able to place this painting in pride of should provoke curiosity in the light and dark, enables the light of place, alongside our own 1/8 scale

29 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 30 THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER

‘The Art of Innovation series TO DARK MATTER – for once – deserves the label “landmark…”’ The Spectator

29 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 30 THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER THE ART OF INNOVATION: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO DARK MATTER

BELOW: Rain, Steam and Speed – the Great Western Railway, 1844, JMW Turner (National Gallery) Model steam locomotive, 1/8 scale, Great Western Railway 2-2-2 ‘Firefly’ class standard broad gauge locomotive

model steam locomotive, the Firefly Museum in Oxford. ‘Einstein’s Abstracts’ we wanted to question such an made by craftsman Joseph Clement, 2000, are photomicrographs of the oversimplified belief to show that, just showing the beautiful rosewood, chalk marks on the blackboard. Parker like art, science can be messy, is driven copper and brass model, as if it’s magnified the images of the chalk so by human passion, a desire to coming out of the painting. many times that they start to look like a question, and a need to compete. It’s a cosmos. For Parker, this work helped fundamental human activity, which Our stories do not shy away from her to come closer to the physics and doesn’t happen in isolation from our complex physics, drawing on the understanding Einstein’s works. In the society and culture but is often an act wonderful images from X-ray exhibition her images are placed next of collaboration. In that way, it shares crystallography that went on to inspire to a simple yet striking Gravity Probe, many characteristics with the arts, as the designs of the Festival Pattern a perfect sphere placed in spacecraft artists and scientists both explore new Group at the Festival of Britain in 1951, to test the predictions of general ideas, construct new realities, but ask and looking at Einstein’s ideas of relativity as they warp and twist in the the same enduring questions – about gravity arising from the curvature of presence of a large mass. the nature of our world, the impact of space and time. The latter became a humanity, our desire for change. focus for the artist Cornelia Parker Whilst science is often thought of as when doing a residency at the Science calm and rational, and art is believed Museum 20 years ago. She took as the to be passionate and subjective, we starting point for her work a wanted to invite audiences to blackboard used by Einstein in 1931, interrogate these stereotypes. which is now at History of Science Through ‘The Art of Innovation’

LEFT: Crystal model of hydroxyl apatite, (Dame Kathleen Lonsdale)

31 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 32 AUDIENCES OF THE FUTURE: ROBOTS MIXED-REALITY EXPERIENCE AUDIENCES OF THE FUTURE: ROBOTS MIXED-REALITY EXPERIENCE

RIGHT: Concept art (Ines Robin), AUDIENCES robot design (Jake Lunt) OF THE FUTURE: ROBOTS MIXED-REALITY EXPERIENCE

The Science Museum Group is part of GABRIELLA GIANNACHI a consortium partnership developing University of Exeter two technology-based visitor experiences funded by Innovate UK. The 30-minute experiences will be live DAVE PATTEN during the summer and autumn of Head of New Media, Science Museum 2020 in the Science Museum and Natural History Museum. During and particularly after the funded period, BETHAN ROSS there is an opportunity to commercialise the model in several Senior Audience Researcher, Science Museum ways, including touring the experience to new locations. The Science Museum Group received ANDI SMART At the Natural History Museum, the AUDIENCE RESEARCH is limited. Formative research has funding from Innovate UK (part of theme of the experience will be explored potential audiences’ needs University of Exeter UKRI), as part of a consortium to Through 2019, Bethan Ross from the dinosaurs. and expectations from mixed reality produce an immersive experience in Science Museum Group’s Audience experiences in the museum setting the ‘Audience of the Future – The project tests innovative audience Research department has led on the JOHN STACK from both traditional museum goers Demonstrators’ funding stream, for experiences that can tour nationally formative audience research in and non-museum goers. It also Digital Director, Science Museum the ‘Visitor Experience’ category which and internationally, generating income partnership with Désirée Vaccarini explored what elements of an aims to test large scale immersive and demonstrating to the wider world (Audience Researcher and Advocate, experience are crucial for it to be experiences with mass audiences. The the innovation and creativity in Natural History Museum). Ross considered ‘immersive’, and whether DÉSIRÉE VACCARINI cross-sector collaboration consists of: technology that resides in the UK. It established a set of learning outcomes learning occurring in this context is Factory 42; Almeida Theatre; Exeter will also gather audience data (using for the experience and articulated how Audience Researcher and Advocate, more effective. University; Science Museum Group and innovative technologies) and will this might best be incorporated into Natural History Museum Natural History Museum; Magic Leap; deliver consumer insight to test the the experience design. Research showed that many of the Sky; and Intu shopping centres. viability of the solution. previously established findings about The Science Museum Group has an digital interactivity in museums SAMUEL VINE The aim is to produce a multi-room, This will include evaluating the established expertise in audience apply: audiences seek a social, multisensory, immersive experience creation of new revenue streams, research into visitor engagement with University of Exeter playful experience; it is important n which groups will collaborate to business models and audience science content in the museum that interactions are meaningful and solve a series of challenges across experience emerging from immersive context and in particular in engaging; and free exploration is a a robot-themed narrative. It will technology in both the museum interactivity, digital media and game critical element. Furthermore, harness cutting-edge mixed-reality setting and shopping centre venues. play in this context. However, with audience expectations are extremely technology, combined with a unique This research will be disseminated to many cultural institutions only high, although challenges emerged mix of live actors, interactives, sound the wider culture, entertainment and beginning their journey into immersive around how best to communicate and sensory design to create an consumer destination sector and to experiences (especially those utilising such a novel experience. exciting new world driving wider academic audiences through leading mixed reality), existing research into engagement with scientific themes. international conferences. the use and expectations of audiences

33 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 34 AUDIENCES OF THE FUTURE: ROBOTS MIXED-REALITY EXPERIENCE AUDIENCES OF THE FUTURE: ROBOTS MIXED-REALITY EXPERIENCE

Using early prototypes of the DEVELOPING AN UNDERSTANDING OF experience design and personalisation. LEFT: experiences, research will explore MIXED REALITY IN THE MUSEUM The team will seek to identify effective Concept art (Jake Lunt) visitors’ response to the overarching responses from the audience to inform Research undertaken by a cross- narrative of the experience, to identify the visitor experience and to confirm disciplinary group at the University of barriers to audience engagement and the design intentions of the Exeter aims to generate a deep build an understanding of audience development team (with respect to understanding of how individual and responses to the proposed interactive intended affective response). The group visitor experiences in mixed activities in the experience. Research research will also adopt more reality can be designed, evaluated will also be undertaken into the conventional methods including and described to benefit the creative audiences to understand their presence graphs and semi-structured industries sector. Key guidelines will experience of the mixed reality interviews. This research aims to be extracted to gain insight into new technology, including the on- and establish novel methods and best forms of inter- and trans-disciplinary off-boarding elements. practice criteria for the evaluation of collaborative design in immersive the visitor experience (including Once the experiences are live in the experiences. In particular, the group experiences) and a museum, summative audience research will offer insight into what psychophysiological assessment of research will focus on the types of methods are needed to users in mixed reality environments. understanding of the audiences’ understand and inform the behaviour experiences with a focus on what they of different kinds of audiences and The identification of key value learned, what was successful in the to determine how mass group/shared propositions for visitors, specifically experience but also lessons learnt experiences can be evaluated in related to mixed reality (MR) from the visitor perspective, including this context. immersive environments, will be potentially whether having taken place informed by the research and so help A number of different perspectives in such an immersive experience in building an understanding of have been identified that are related to changes their understanding of audiences of the future. Wider understanding visitor behaviour and museum visiting and their perception benefits will include an enhanced preference. Research will include the of the museum more widely. understanding of theories of human use of highly novel data retrieval behaviour (e.g. attention and stress) in Taking the question posed at formative methods relating to eye tracking mixed reality; knowledge about how to stage of what elements are crucial for obtained from within the mixed reality design and deliver learning objectives an experience to be defined and headset (in this instance the magic in mixed reality; the identification of classed as ‘immersive’, research at this leap headset), and/or physiological guidelines for the curation, stage will also explore not only data obtained via wrist-worn heart rate documentation and preservation of whether but also how this has been monitors (key dimensions of the Visitor mixed reality experiences in the achieved. Building on the work by Intelligence Datasphere). This has been museum context. Furthermore, the Digital Catapult on evaluating formulated as a Visitor Intelligence Exeter team will document how the experimental immersive content, the Datasphere and includes the consortium partners work together research will explore aspects such as a consideration of visitor visual and summarise in a framework new sense of presence and memorability. attention, geospatial position (and methods and practices for industry. journey), natural language feedback, physiological response (e.g. heart rate The use of virtual, augmented and variation) as well as more traditional mixed reality in the museum context geographic, demographic and is in its infancy, and there is limited psychographic indicators. These data audience research and little will be analysed via mathematical established best practice. This modelling, and findings will then be project will form the foundations of triangulated with additional self-report the understanding of the affordances psychometric data, to provide a of these new technologies in detailed insight and improve museum settings.

35 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 36 TIME, CULTURE AND IDENTITY TIME, CULTURE AND IDENTITY

LEFT: Workshop attendees visited Chao Centre for Art and Technology TIME, CULTURE EXPLORING THE COUNTRY SCENE AUTOMATON AND IDENTITY The project team is currently collaborating with a Chinese digital company, Blackbow, to develop and CAROL CHUNG deliver a digital resource featuring a remarkable timepiece from the Palace UK-China Research Facilitator Museum Collection, designed by British clockmaker James Cox – the Country Scene Automaton. This collaborative work is complemented with a study of the Automaton mechanism of the Country Scene, led by Professor Yao Yanan, China Principal Investigator and his team. We TIME, CULTURE AND IDENTITY: KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE ON This enquiry further led to a workshop TRANSNATIONAL AUDIENCE DEVELOPING DIGITAL INTERPRETATION anticipate the completion of this work THE CO-CREATION OF HISTORICAL HOROLOGICAL COLLECTION entitled ‘Time, Culture and Identity: RESEARCH TO UNDERSTAND VISITORS FOR MUSEUM COLLECTIONS in early 2020, and it will be on display RESEARCH AND CO-DEVELOPMENT A Knowledge Exchange’, hosted on IN BRITAIN AND CHINA The project team began by carrying Using the information gathered from with the forthcoming exhibition OF VISITOR EXPERIENCE IN CHINA 21 and 22 May 2019, at the Institute out original research on the Palace In the hope of developing our the audience research and the Zimingzhong : Clockworks AND THE UK for the History of Natural Sciences, Museum’s collection of English understanding about the ways in which Knowledge Exchange Workshop, we Treasures from自鸣钟 China’s Forbidden City. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. In December 2018, the project ‘Time, 18th-century clocks, watches and British and Chinese visitors engage then started to collaborate with During the workshop, a cohort of Looking into the near future, the team Culture and Identity: the co-creation automata to better understand these with historic collections, an expert creative digital companies in Britain historians, museum practitioners and will begin to design an evaluation study of historical research and co- objects and the social, cultural and consultant, Terry Watkins, was and China to explore how we can academics in horology met and focusing on how visitors engage with development of visitor experience in technological impacts they have had in appointed by the project team to design and create a digital resource exchanged insights across five the digital resource and how it China and the UK’ started, with an China and Britain. Emma Stirling- complete two-phase transnational that will invite British and Chinese themes, including ‘ancient Chinese contributes to learning about the ambition of uniting expertise from Middleton, UK Co-investigator to the audience research in three sites: Hong audiences to discover and learn more timekeeping and technology transfer’, Palace Museum timepieces – an China and the UK and creating project, and Dr Huang Xing, China Kong Science Museum, the Palace about the Palace Museum’s ‘British clocks and automatons made opportunity to corroborate findings of opportunities for creative industries Co-investigator to the project Museum in Beijing, and the Science timepieces. Through a workshop for export to China’, ‘technology and the audience research carried out as collaboration across the two countries. ploughed through historical archives Museum in London. The first phase of entitled ‘Time, Culture and Identity: mechanisms’, ‘the clock trade’ and part of the project earlier. Reflecting The project has been awarded funding and records on the trading of the research took place in March 2019, A Digital Exchange’ we enabled ‘sharing horological collections with on what the project has achieved so by the Arts and Humanities Research mechanical clocks and automata and the second phase in May 2019. academic, heritage and creative audiences in Britain and China’. far, we will also be developing a Council and the Newton Fund. The between China and Britain. Through this piece of audience company professionals in China and ‘toolbox’ with a view to sharing our project began on 1 December 2018 and research, we gained an understanding the UK to collaborate on 9 and 10 experience and learning from this will run for 15 months, concluding on of how people in China and the UK October 2019, hosted at the Institute international collaboration, which may 29 February 2020. relate to the Palace Museum for the History of Natural Sciences, support and enhance collaborations timepieces. Although visitors from Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. Bringing together a team of museum between academic, heritage and Britain and China make different During the workshop, the project team curators and academics in the UK and creative economy professionals in connections to the Palace Museum brought together 11 representatives China, this international research China and the UK in the future. timepieces, the clocks generate from digital agencies companies in collaboration focuses on the Palace enormous curiosity for both Britain and China to exchange working Museum’s collection of English PROJECT TEAM audiences; they both desire to see practices, knowledge and ideas about 18th-century clocks, watches and the inner workings and understand digital heritage in China and the UK. Tilly Blyth (PI) automata. Our interest and work can how the mechanism works. This offers As a result of the workshop, attendees Yao Yanan (PI) be summarised through the invaluable insights into co-designing reflected on the working culture and Emma Stirling-Middleton (Co-I) following strands. a digital exhibit as a means of practical challenges they came across Huang Xing (Co-I) sharing the research with Science in their home countries, and Carol Chung (UK-China Research Museum audiences. successfully developed a suite of ideas Facilitator) for the creation of a digital resource The Palace Museum, Beijing about the timepieces. (Collections Partner)

RIGHT: Site visit to the Palace Museum

37 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 38 COMMUNICATING ENERGY TO THE PUBLIC COMMUNICATING ENERGY TO THE PUBLIC

BELOW: BELOW: The Atom: A Love Carbon City Zero card Affair by Vicki Lesley, game created by Tenner Films 10:10 Climate Action

THE COMMUNICATING MATERIAL CULTURES OF ENERGY PROJECT As the climate crisis worsens, the world faces the tremendous challenge of transforming the way energy resources are harnessed and consumed. A broad consensus is emerging: a transition to a sustainable energy path requires not only policy intervention but also cooperation from individual energy users. For the public to make informed energy decisions, sound and relevant information is essential. The Communicating Material Cultures of Energy project aimed to create a In July 2019, at the Science and Overall, the project showcased the cross-sector, multi-disciplinary Industry Museum, Manchester, capacity of public museums, with their dialogue among energy communicators communication experts from the UK unique combination of research as a novel way of thinking about and beyond attended the project’s expertise and public communication, energy-related public communication. Energy and Public Communication to serve as hubs for creating a new This one-year public-engagement conference. It was comprised of network of experts and expert project brought together more than three academic sessions on energy knowledge that can respond to the 70 energy communicators across communication in museums, public urgent global challenge of creating a sectors and organisations. Writers, participation and communication sustainable energy future. artists, researchers, museum curators media. Brian Cozen (State University The main partners of the project were and communication officers from of California) and Mark Atherton EDF Energy, the UK Department for energy providers, government offices (Environment for Greater Manchester) Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, and campaign organisations joined delivered keynote lectures. the Office of Gas and Electricity the project’s various activities to The conference programme also Markets, the Behavioural Insights consider different ways of improving included a film viewing The( Atom: Team, Community Energy England, energy communication. A Love Affair by Vicki Lesley, Tenner Carbon Co-op, Electricity North West, The project entailed a series of Films) and demonstration in which the University of Salford, Birkbeck knowledge-exchange sessions at the participants took part in immersive College, University of London and the Dana Research Centre in the Science activities simulating energy National Museum of Scotland. Dr Hiroki Museum, London, to discuss the five emergencies, games in which players Shin (research fellow, Research and COMMUNICATING challenges for energy communication: competed toward zero carbon Public History Department, Science object-based communication, emission goals and a creative writing Museum), Ben Russell (curator of behavioural intervention, visual media session on energy spaces. mechanical engineering, Science communication, participatory Participants particularly appreciated Museum) and Professor Frank ENERGY TO communication and community the conference’s multi-sectorial Trentmann (Birkbeck College) led the engagement. In these sessions, scope. As one participant noted, project. It was based on the research partners and collaborators talked ‘The combination of academics, project Material Cultures of Energy THE PUBLIC about their experiences conducting industry, communicators from (2014–2017) and funded by the Arts public information campaigns and local municipalities and museum and Humanities Research Council. designing museum exhibitions, public professionals all contributed voices events and behaviour change trials to an important discussion. It is HIROKI SHIN while learning the different approaches too rare to have such a variety Research Associate, Science Museum and methods used by their colleagues. of experts together.’

39 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 40 BRADFORD’S NATIONAL MUSEUM BRADFORD’S NATIONAL MUSEUM

LEFT: Bradford Heritage Recording Unit recorded everyday life in Bradford using oral histories and photograph Credit: Tim Smith/ Bradford Heritage Recording Unit BRADFORD’S NATIONAL MUSEUM HELEN GRAHAM Associate Professor, School of Fine Art, History of Art and Cultural Studies, University of Leeds

RIGHT: In March 2019 the National Science EXHIBITIONS AS ACTION RESEARCH: ABOVE: Students from the and Media Museum opened the REFLECTING SYSTEMICALLY One of the fifteen stories was developed with Belle Vue Girls exhibition Above the Noise: 15 Stories Bradford Grand Mosque, which has its own app. Above the Noise was a central Academy explored From Bradford. It explored how Credit: Tim Smith the role of element in Bradford’s National different communities in Bradford technology in Museum research project, which is a creating their own have made their own worlds and have three-year exploration of how the identities and those by-passed and confronted national of their grandparents National Science and Media Museum power structures and mainstream through recording can become more open, engaged and exhibition opened is now helping us oral histories media. In particular, Above the Noise collaborative and, through this, better set agendas for the final year of the Credit: Nabeelah explored how people from Bradford connected to Bradford; the city and research project. Hafeez have recorded their own histories, district in which it is based. Bradford’s created their own cultural spheres and A central element to the reflective National Museum project is conceived made political and social change by process has been not only to look back and run by a collective of people using local-to-local and alternative in a traditional evaluative mode but based inside and outside the museum. distribution networks and by rather to generate shared Each of the project’s external adapting or re-purposing available understandings of the issues and collaborators have innovative, technologies. Each story was co- formulate new questions to shape the well-established and flourishing produced by people who had a stake research trajectory. We approached community development approaches in telling the story. The 15 stories the reflection from different and extensive local networks. included (to give just two examples) perspectives. This included a soundscape exploring the mediation Bradford’s National Museum project undertaking one-to-one conversations and transmission of Islamic sounds in draws on action research approaches, and running workshops with National Bradford and a collaboration with meaning we are exploring our core Science and Media Museum staff, teachers and students at the Belle Vue questions through trying things out reflective interviews with people Girls Academy which saw young women and experimentation. Above the Noise involved in the Above the Noise interview their relatives about their life gave us a chance to understand the exhibition as story collaborators, experiences and explore how they can dynamics of collaborative work at workshops with front of house staff use technology to build a new sense of scale and the collaborative reflective and audience research with those family, place and belonging. process we’ve undertaken since the visiting the exhibition.

41 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 42 BRADFORD’S NATIONAL MUSEUM BRADFORD’S NATIONAL MUSEUM

Common themes that emerged across more likely to foreground questions BELOW: BOTH+AND: CROSS-CUTTING We are now using these questions to You can read more about the the different groups included a sense of representation of Bradford’s The way different technologies RESEARCH QUESTIONS drive the final year of the research and project and the collaborators of a shared pride in Above the Noise community and in particular the role of help make and share memories approaches for sustaining the work on the project website: https:// across distances was created by From the reflective workshop process it and what we had collectively achieved the museum in addressing racism and beyond the end of the project. We are bradfordsnationalmuseum.org Bradford artists Naureen Hafeez became clear that it is relatively simple and a striking similarity among all islamophobia; where museum staff and Rameez Khawaja doing this in a number of different to think about any of the different project participants in terms of a vision were more likely to refer to issues Credit: Naureen Hafeez and ways, through a new Staff Action issues that arose from Above the Noise for the future of the museum and its related to sound and vision technology. Rameez Khawaja Research Group who are linking their singly. It is not hard for any of us to role in Bradford. However, between own everyday practice with the wider In order to enable Bradford’s National think about sound and vision these different groups there were agendas of the Bradford’s National Museum project to move on, we technology or Bradford. It is not hard also differences of experience and Museum project, and a network which needed to make visible these for museums staff to think about perception. acts as a regular touch point for differences and see the experience quality or being responsive to new communication and collaboration For example, many members of staff through each others’ eyes. We did this ideas and new collaborations. Yet to between people in Bradford and the experienced Above the Noise as through a workshop which used small really address underlying issues we museum. In all aspects of the research, stressful, too complex and were torn group conversations, bringing need to hold together different issues, we are seeking to work at the knotty between what felt like different together back and front of house staff a shift from either/or thinking to place where different worlds, priorities priorities of quality and collaboration; and story collaborators, to look at key both+and. The five cross-cutting and practices intersect. where story collaborators experienced quotes from different people involved questions that emerged are: the museum as not as responsive or as in Above the Noise and to work How can we work with the specific communicative as they would have together to draw out how the varying strengths of the museum and of the liked. Story collaborators, front of perspectives might be used to set new existing networks in Bradford? house staff and visitors were much agendas for the research. What opportunities arise from addressing questions of social justice and science and media/sound and vision technologies? How can ideas of quality that already exist in the National Science and Media Museum be openly talked about and how might ideas of quality be co- produced with Bradford communities? How can the museum both be part of Science Museum Group decision- making structures and develop collaborative decision-making with people in Bradford? How can the museum prioritise the wellbeing of staff and collaborators and be responsive, brave and take risks?

RIGHT: DIY publications and posters were a crucial part of a story exploring the legacy of activism against racism in Bradford Credit: NSMM

43 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 44 METROPOLITAN SCIENCE PROJECT UPDATE METROPOLITAN SCIENCE PROJECT UPDATE

LEFT: Science City: Craft, Commerce and Knowing in Early Modern Europe’, and Gallery view of Curiosity in London 1550–1800, by by Dr Andrew Mendelsohn of Queen Science City Alexandra Rose and Jane Desborough. Mary University of London, on writing Alex and Jane are also on the project’s and knowing in scholarly, advisory board and have helped administrative and commercial ensure that we have had access to contexts. The conference will include objects in store before Blythe House’s a session on digital projects, with a closure to researchers. hands-on workshop based around the IHR’s Layers of London mapping A significant milestone was the project. Our aim in this session will be publication of a special issue of the to link entries from the museum’s British Journal for the History of collections online to specific locations Metropolitan Science: Places, Objects Science, based on selected papers on the website’s historic London maps. and Cultures of Practice and delivered at a workshop at the Science There will also be a session led by the Knowledge in London 1600–1800 is a Museum’s Dana Centre in 2017. London project’s co-investigator, Alison Boyle three-year project funded by the 1600–1800: Communities of Natural (Keeper of Science Collections), on Leverhulme Trust. It is based at the Knowledge and Artificial Practice was cities and museum interpretation. University of Kent and in partnership published as the June 2019 issue, On top of this, we will have eight paper with the Science Museum. Details of edited by me and the project’s sessions and tours of the new gallery. the project and its team can be found consultant, Science Museum Keeper at https://metsci.wordpress.com/. Emeritus Professor Jim Bennett. Jim and I co-wrote the introduction and it The Metropolitan Science research contains articles by Jasmine, Noah and This will explore the project is now well into its final year. me, as well as Philip Beeley (Oxford), knowledge and practice Our focus – mine as Principal Anna Simmons (UCL) and Anna produced within and Investigator, with postdoctoral Winterbottom (McGill). The project’s associated with the sites and researchers, Dr Jasmine Kilburn- postdoctoral researchers have also activities of three different Toppin and Dr Noah Moxham – is now each written a further article for on producing the draft of a co- types of London institution: publication, focusing on the authored monograph. This will explore the craft or trade guild; the relationship between artisans’ the knowledge and practice produced government office; and the authorship and the institutional within and associated with the sites trading company history of the Goldsmiths’ Company and activities of three different types and on the East India Company’s of London institution: the craft or self-justificatory use of science and trade guild; the government office; Over the last two and a half years, the its surrounding rhetoric. and the trading company. Chapters will Metropolitan Science project has focus on two institutions based at the The project team have continued to evolved to reflect the researchers’ Tower of London (the Royal Mint and share our research at seminars and interests, the available archives and the Office of Ordnance), on the halls of conferences and with wider audiences. the challenges of incorporating object two Livery Companies (the Goldsmiths’ Noah presented papers at the collections. We have found that we Company and Society of Apothecaries) University of Leeds and University of have placed more emphasis on our and on the London sites of two Göttingen; Jasmine contributed to spatial and institutional research institutions with maritime interests conferences at the University of questions, for which visual and (Trinity House and the East India Warwick, New York University and material evidence is important for Company). The team presented themes Queen’s University Belfast; I used understanding the role and functions and research from this book project at research from the project to support of these sites and the knowledge made the Science Museum Group Research recent talks for the Whitstable History within them. We have focused less on Conference in November 2019, at a Society, Royal Astronomical Society, instrument makers – whose guild Science Museum seminar in December Gresham College and a seminar paper archives are comparatively thin – and 2019 and in an article for the Science at the University of Oxford. more on other kinds of practitioner METROPOLITAN SCIENCE Museum Group Journal in 2020. (assayers, mariners, merchants, Planning continues for the end-of- clerks, officials), who may be less well project conference. Science in the This September, we celebrated the represented by objects in Science City, 1500–1800 will be held at the opening of the Science Museum’s new Museum Group’s collections. This in Science Museum on 6–7 April 2020 and PROJECT UPDATE gallery, Science City 1550–1800: the itself is an interesting outcome, in partnership with the Institute of Linbury Gallery, with the curatorial helping researchers and curators to Historical Research’s Centre for the team. As well as having offered some reflect on what museum collections History of People, Place and advice and information to support the do and do not represent. REBEKAH HIGGITT gallery’s development, we have helped Community. There will be keynote Senior Lecturer in History of Science, provide linked online content and lectures by Professor Pamela H Smith School of History, University of Kent contributed to the associated book: of Columbia University, on ‘Making and

45 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 46 CULTURE SPACE CULTURE SPACE

CULTURE SPACE: TOWARDS A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF The success of the Science Museum’s The Culture Space research network in Alexander Geppert’s keynote Cosmonauts: Birth of the Space Age was designed to investigate the talk at the workshop and during SPACE EXPLORATION exhibition (2015) prompted the potential for broader accounts of presentations from other question of whether its distinctive space exploration by building the participants on the representation cultural treatment of Russian and multidisciplinary context and opening of space in the visual and sonic arts, Soviet space endeavour might be an up the subject to new research cinema, television and the science approach that could be applied more questions that view space fiction genre. broadly for exhibitions and galleries technologies from fresh perspectives. This potential for more imaginative that deal with global traditions of The ultimate purpose of this effort DOUG MILLARD approaches to the displaying of space space exploration. The Culture Space would be to engage a wider breadth of exploration was emphasised during Senior Curator, Science Museum AHRC-funded research programme set the public in the subject and the second workshop at ESA’s ESTEC out to investigate further this question exposition of space exploration. centre. The workshop’s chosen theme and especially in relation to the The programme’s first workshop was of diversity was addressed amply proposed new Space gallery of the held at the Science Museum, London both through exposure to the work mid-2020s at the Science Museum. (31 July and 1 August 2019) and was carried out at ESTEC and involving The programme brought together a themed on the representation of many disciplines, working practices, multidisciplinary group across three space exploration today in museums facilities and testing procedures, but workshops to ask the questions and beyond. It coincided with the also through direct contact with the “How and why do human cultures museum’s Space Lates evening many communities based at the explore space?” and “What does it marking the 50th anniversary of the centre and drawn from a number of say about humankind that we go into first Apollo Moon landing. The second nationalities: ESA’s Chief Diversity space?”, thereby developing a workshop was held at the European Officer pointed out that 14 different culturally centred conceptual Space Agency’s ESTEC centre, languages are spoken at ESTEC. framework for a better understanding Netherlands (7–8 October 2019) and An emergent theme from that second of space exploration. was themed on the multidisciplinary workshop, and one repeated in the and the diverse in space exploration. There is a widespread exposition of third at the Mullard Space Science The third and final workshop was space exploration science and Laboratory, was a need to capture in staged at the Mullard Space Science technology in museums and science new space displays the knowledge Laboratory of University College centres around the world. While and expertise and testimony of local London at Holmbury St Mary varying in size and scale, the displays practitioners; those at the ‘grass (21–22 November 2019) and was all tend towards similar narratives that roots’ of mission planning and themed on potential displays of emphasise the technical means delivery – the ‘hidden figures’ – space exploration. developed in the mid-20th century to perhaps especially those engineers enable spaceflight, but which include The first workshop’s participants and technicians that convert sparse acknowledgement of broader reflected on a tour of the Science scientific concepts into material cultural factors, and Museum’s Exploring Space gallery (and reality. This became very apparent disproportionately emphasise a its shortcomings) before listening to with the tour of the Laboratory set in western space narrative. presentations from curators its extensive grounds in the Surrey representing space museums and countryside and the reminiscences of displays in the United States, Germany, past and present staff based there. Russia and China. While some of these The workshop explored also the expositions explore alternative picturing of ‘place in space’ by those interpretations of spaceflight, most investigating cosmic locations and continue to emphasise the technical phenomena and how their LEFT: means of its enablement. The rich perspectives might be made to Gallery view of potential of broader, culturally- resonate with gallery visitors, the Cosmonauts: Birth of the Space Age orientated approaches in future archaeology of spaceflight, the exhibition displays was made apparent both legalities of it and also ethical factors.

47 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 48 MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH

LEFT: Gallery view of Exploring Medicine, part of the new Medicine Galleries at the Science MEDICINE: Museum, London THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND

‘These Fellowships have RESEARCH resulted in valuable new insights about the objects in our collections and have contributed to raising the profile of the medicine collection…’

RIGHT: Gallery view of Faith, Hope and Fear, part of the new Medicine Galleries at the Science Museum, London

Autumn 2019 saw the opening of MEDICINE GALLERIES secondments, as well as to take its Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries at RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS collections to an international the Science Museum, London. audience through the dissemination Between 2018–2019, and thanks to Showcasing 3,000 objects relating to of research at conferences and via funding from Wellcome, we hosted five the past, present and future of publications. The scheme has also Medicine Galleries Research Fellows to medicine, as well as oral histories and contributed to strengthening the the museum to carry out programmes contemporary art commissions, this is research culture surrounding the of research to enhance our the largest museum space dedicated medicine collection, drawing from the understanding of the collections. The to health and medicine in the world. expertise of the curatorial team in topics of these research projects have various research projects and events Alongside the creation of this world- been wide-ranging, covering different and inviting new audiences from class suite of galleries an exciting disciplines, applying diverse academia and beyond to engage with programme of research has also been approaches and resulting in various the objects in our care. SARAH WADE taking place, informing the gallery academic and public engagement development, contributing to the outputs. These fellowships have also Dr Kay Nias joined the museum from Research Manager, Science Museum legacy of the galleries and helping enabled the museum to make links with the University of Exeter. Fresh from her establish the Science Museum as a other institutions and consolidate PhD on the professionalisation of hub for the medical humanities. existing relationships through physiotherapy in the 19th century,

49 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 50 MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH

RIGHT: 20 June 2019: The Material Culture Gallery view of of Heath Activism (a conference the new Medicine organised by Imogen Clarke, Assistant Galleries at the Science Museum, Curator of Medicine, which included a London ceremonial unfolding of a block of the AIDS quilt) 11 July 2019: Sensing the Machine- Body Interface: A Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Medicine, Technology & Embodiment (a workshop organised by Farrah Lawrence-Mackey, Medicine Galleries Research Fellow and Cleo Kay developed a project around Museum Studies series on human Hanaway-Oakley, Lecturer in Liberal mechanical therapy and massage remains in museums. Arts and English, University of Bristol/ using object-based research and The Medicine Galleries Research Medicine Galleries Research Fellow. material culture studies to provide new Fellowships have also enabled A collaboration between the University insight into the collections. During her secondments. Shelley Saggar spent a of Bristol Senses Cluster and the time at the museum, Kay was able to year at the museum on secondment Science Museum) locate the family of the former owner from Wellcome Collection to research of one of the museum’s exercise 19 September 2019: Rethinking Human and make policy recommendations cycles, which provided the opportunity Remains in the 21st Century Museum about the storage and display of to enhance the object biography of (a workshop organised by Angela culturally sensitive objects in the this item. Dr Farrah Lawrence-Mackey Stienne, a collaboration between collection. This important project developed a research project around University of Leicester School of informed curatorial practice at the sensory experiences of life support Museum Studies and Science Museum) museum and also contributed to machines, which arose from a short- increasing debate on this subject 10 October 2019: Delcolonising term research project she completed through a symposium. In addition, Science Narratives (a conference on the museum’s Milton Roy Dialysis Dr Cleo Hanaway-Oakley, Lecturer in organised by Shelley Saggar, Medicine machine as part of the gallery content Liberal Arts and English at University Galleries Research Fellow and Emma development. Through her study into of Bristol and convenor of a research McNicol, Assistant Curator) patient experiences of dialysis cluster on the senses at the Centre for machines and iron lungs, Farrah Autumn term 2019: Medicine Galleries Health, Humanities and Science at the gathered oral histories to provide Research Seminar Series (organised same university, joined the museum new perspectives on the uses and WELLCOME SECONDMENT by Sarah Wade, Research Manager, a to explore the literary history and Katie Dabin on the early stages of of like-minded people to come experiences of the objects in our FELLOWSHIPS dedicated series of research seminars material culture of colour blindness. developing the narrative for a together and discuss pressing issues collections. Studying historic showcasing the research of the This research will be included in Cleo’s This year the Science Museum has forthcoming exhibition on cancer. in this field and beyond. Research newspapers, Farrah additionally Medicine Galleries Research Fellows) forthcoming monograph. However, continued to host researchers as part Julia was able to gain insight to the events have included: discovered new provenance this secondment was equally valuable of the Wellcome Secondment Scheme. exhibition development process as information relating to one of the 5 March 2019: A Tour of the Highlights PUBLICATIONS in bringing academics and museum This programme enables researchers well as bring her expertise as a museum’s iron lungs, of which of Pre-1800 Medical Books (a display professionals together from across already funded by Wellcome to spend sociologist to the project, resulting The curatorial team have had a busy previously very little was known. and tour by Hannah Bower, Wellcome the university and museum to 3–6 months at a partner institution to in a mutually beneficial knowledge year not only delivering the galleries Dr Angela Stienne spent the year Secondment Fellow in the Dana Library) discuss shared areas of interest, carry out research, policy or public exchange that exemplifies what this but also producing two brand new undertaking research and public laying the foundations for future engagement work complementary to fellowship scheme can achieve. 28 March 2019: Representing the publications to coincide with the engagement work on the emotive research collaborations. their existing programme of activity. Medical Body (an international launch of the galleries. The Medicine subject of human remains in 21st- It enables Fellows to gain new skills AN EMBEDDED RESEARCH conference organised by Katy Barrett, Cabinet (Calton Press, 2019) and The century museums. Angela’s work These Fellowships have resulted in and provides a different perspective COMMUNITY Curator of Art Collections and Sarah Medicine Galleries (Scala, 2019) are took her around the UK and Europe valuable new insights about the on their research. Wade, Research Manager) two co-authored and beautifully to conferences, workshops and objects in our collections and have A key part of the Wellcome-funded illustrated books bringing together exhibitions where she developed a contributed to raising the profile of This year the museum was joined by research programme, and indeed the 23 May 2019: Mechanical Medicine: expertise from across the curatorial thorough overview of the work being the medicine collection amongst an two new Fellows: Hannah Bower, aspiration of the wider team, was to (a symposium organised by Kay Nias, team to illuminate the objects, done and, significantly, which still academic audience as well as the University of Oxford and Julia Swallow, make the Science Museum a hub for Medicine Galleries Research Fellow) collections and themes tackled needs to be done in museums when wider public. Museums provide a University of Leeds. Hannah spent time the medical humanities. To this end, 5 June 2019: Making Sense of on-gallery. In addition, The Science it comes to the display of human great context for academics to carry studying the Library’s collection of a number of research and public Museums, University of Bristol Museum Group Journal and the remains to the public. The result was out public engagement work, which pre-1800 medical books. Her research engagement events have taken place (organised by Cleo Hanaway-Oakley museum’s blog have continued to be a workshop organised by Angela in forms an important part of their resulted in a display and over the last year, including the and featuring presentations from important platforms for disseminating collaboration with University of impact activities. Yet object-based accompanying tour of some of the initiation of a reading group by Farrah Selina Hurley, Curator of Medicine, research. With the new galleries now Leicester School of Museum Studies research can also offer new highlights of the collection in the Dana Lawrence-Mackey. These have been Cleo Hanaway-Oakley, Farrah open, the possibilities for new and the Science Museum to further possibilities and perspectives that Library, as well as a recently published integral to informing the research Lawrence-Mackey, Medicine Galleries projects are rich and exciting. enrich research projects and open article in the Science Museum Group projects taking place, integrating discuss these issues. The event led to Research Fellow and Sarah Wade, up new lines of inquiry as many of Journal. Julia Swallow, on the other research into the curatorial work at the development of an edited volume Research Manager) for the Routledge Leicester Reader in our Fellows found out. hand, worked with Curator of Medicine the museum and forging a community

51 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 52 MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH MEDICINE: THE WELLCOME GALLERIES AND RESEARCH

‘The Science Museum is a natural base for looking at science and technology as human activities embodied in artefacts rich in symbolic meaning and functional detail’

ABOVE: Gallery view of Faith, Hope and Fear, part of the new Medicine Galleries at the Science LEFT: Museum, London Gallery view of Exploring Medicine, part of the new Medicine Galleries at the Science Museum, London

ABOVE: Visitors at a late night opening of the new Medicine Galleries at the Science Museum, London

53 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 54 MEDICINE GALLERIES RESEARCH FELLOWS – TESTIMONIALS MEDICINE GALLERIES RESEARCH FELLOWS – TESTIMONIALS

LEFT: Gallery view of the KAY NIAS ‘Self Conscious Gene’ sculpture in the new Medicine Galleries Research Fellow, 2018 Medicine Galleries at the Science Museum, London

As an Early Career Researcher, this The fellowship has also helped me to I have started to generate, engage fellowship has been invaluable both gain many other skills, with the with and contribute to a small personally and professionally. As a mentoring and support of colleagues I research community working in the historian, I have learned how to have been shown how to successfully field of the history of physiotherapy integrate material culture and object organise and curate an event to a across the world and have been research into my analyses, budget, how to write for a public contacted by a range of individuals broadening my skillset and making audience through blog posts, and how for expertise including journalists, my work far stronger. This fed to engage with social media in a the World Confederation of directly into the content of my professional manner. I successfully Physiotherapy, museum professionals, research. Exploring the material worked with colleagues to organise practitioners and academics. I have culture of physiotherapy has and run a workshop held at the Science also engaged with a network of contributed significantly to the Museum. I have produced a number of inspirational and supportive historiography of the history of successful outputs, two well-received colleagues at the Science Museum physiotherapy in Britain, including blog posts and a number of papers this and beyond with whom I will stay in my own previous doctoral work, year, which has strengthened my CV contact as my career progresses. which was based on documentary for future ECR fellowship applications. source material alone. It highlighted It has also provided me with the importance of engaging with abundance of research that in time I material culture and museums for hope to generate into further outputs CLEO HANAWAY-OAKLEY comprehension of this field. in terms of talks and publications. Lecturer in Liberal Arts & English, University of Bristol/Medicine Galleries Research Fellow 2019

Working with the Science Museum, blindness project involved unpicking to Holmgren’s wool test; the wools London, has given me valuable the complex interconnections between from the colour blindness assessment insights into the mechanisms of subjective sensory experience and are woven into clothing. To Bishop a major cultural institution and material methods for measuring and Berkeley, the whole outfit seems to prompted me to think about my categorising sight, it seemed be the ‘same hue’. own research in new ways. appropriate to incorporate some As well as working on my own project, (literal) hands-on research. Indeed, From February to December 2019, I have been able to facilitate links I was struck by the tactility of the BELOW: I was a Medicine Galleries Research between the museum and Bristol’s vision tests held in the museum. Dr Cleo Hanaway-Oakley Fellow at the museum on secondment Centre for Health, Humanities and Holmgren’s coloured wool test for two days per week from my job as Science (CHHS). My new colour blindness, which is referenced Lecturer in Liberal Arts and English at understanding of the inner workings in Joyce’s Finnegans Wake (1939), the University of Bristol. I was of the museum has helped me to required examinees to handle – investigating the changing status and better comprehend how academics and then match-up – skeins of signification of colour blindness in and museum professionals can work coloured yarn. literature and culture, c. 1860–1940, together in a mutually beneficial way. ABOVE: through analysing literary texts by My new knowledge of Holmgren’s test Through my recently-founded Senses Dr Kay Nias Charles Dickens, Joseph Conrad, has enabled me to better understand Cluster, I have hosted two joint events Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce, some of the experimental textual – one in Bristol and one at the alongside museum objects, policy gymnastics performed by Joyce in his museum. As a result of these events, reports and medical documents. notoriously tricky text. At one point in there are currently four separate Finnegans Wake, St Patrick (a patron collaborative CHHS-Science Museum Coming from a literary studies saint of Ireland) accuses Bishop projects in development. background, object-based research Berkeley (an Irish Idealist philosopher was totally new for me. My previous of perception) of being colour blind. work had mixed theoretical perspectives with historical study, Joyce calls St Patrick’s outfit a but I had got my history from texts, ‘holmgrewnworsteds costume’. not objects. Given that my colour I now recognise this as an allusion

55 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 56 THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME

THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME

THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL Projects might take a variety of forms A UNIQUE AND REWARDING PHD The benefits of the CDP scheme are BEYOND THE THESIS SARAH WADE PARTNERSHIP AT A GLANCE and appeal to students from various EXPERIENCE manifold for staff and students alike. The CDP scheme provides a fantastic academic backgrounds, including but For the Science Museum Group, Research Manager, The Collaborative Doctoral Partnership To date, the Science Museums and opportunity for students to acquire not limited to the history of science collaborative PhDs offer a unique way Science Museum scheme (CDP) offers fully funded Archives Consortium has awarded new skills within a research-led, and technology, museum studies, to initiate an extended period of studentships for PhD study. Funded by funding for 60 PhD projects, covering professional environment and to history of art, the digital humanities research on a specific area of interest, the Arts and Humanities Research diverse topics. Railways, Meccano, engage with the wider public at and humanities-orientated which might relate to the museums’ Council (AHRC), students following this vision aids, electronic music, scientific museums across Science MUseum conservation and learning projects. strategy, gaps in knowledge of the route are jointly supervised by subject instruments and even false teeth have Group. Students can get involved in These PhDs might produce new collections or to help inform new specialists at both a university and one been the subject of recent PhDs. wide-ranging work, from cataloguing knowledge about objects and projects, whether these relate to of 25 Independent Research Co-supervisors are based in various collections, to public engagement collections across Science MUseum masterplanning, exhibitions or Organisations across the UK that make university departments across the UK, through Lates events, or even Group; help inform exhibitions or collections development. They also up the Collaborative Doctoral reflecting the diversity and reach of writing blog posts and hosting masterplan projects; explore digital provide a brilliant context in which Partnership Consortium, including the Science Museum Group’s academic events. and online museum activities; museum staff can create links with museums, libraries, archives and collections and work. interrogate the history of the colleagues in universities, by heritage organisations. museums; explore books, papers and Museum-based PhDs are unique in encouraging relationships to be forged The Science Museum Group leads the correspondences in the libraries and many ways, making them hugely and networks to be made through a Science Museums and Archives archives; create insight about enjoyable and equally rich and shared research interest. For the Consortium, comprising the Science audiences, participation and public rewarding experiences. The Higher Education Institutes, museums Museum, National Science and Media engagement; or, use conservation collections, objects and displays that across the Science Museum Group can Museum, Science and Industry techniques to address historical are available for study, as well as the be useful partners for public Museum, National Railway Museum, questions. The possibilities are endless museum expertise on hand, provide a engagement and impact, which form Locomotion, BT Archives, the Royal and there is scope for CDP projects to brilliant resource and context for an increasingly significant part of an Society and the Royal Geographical take place in a whole range of carrying out research. In addition, by academic’s role. Students themselves Society (with IBG). From 2020, these departments within the group. Our aim being based at a national museum benefit from a wide ranging organisations are joined by the exciting is to develop projects that are students are ideally placed to take supervisory team, unrivalled access to addition of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. embedded in the museums’ activities advantage of the possibilities for collections and museum expertise, as The CDP programme aims to facilitate and which respond to strategic public engagement work and well as a range of professional collaboration between Higher priorities across the group to benefit developing professional skills that can development opportunities Education Institutions and a diverse student, academic and museum alike. be learnt at the museum. In fact, the throughout their studies. range of cultural organisations, CDP scheme provides an additional six encouraging projects and establishing months of funding for students to links that can have long-term benefits embark on just this sort of professional for both collaborating partners and development activity, where they can students alike. hone particular skills based within the Science Museum Group or even carry out placements at other organisations.

57 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 58 THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME

THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME

57 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 58 THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME THE COLLABORATIVE DOCTORAL PARTNERSHIP SCHEME

STUDENT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES LEFT: AND RESEARCH PLACEMENTS Spectacles and spectacle case, sunglasses, straight, JOSHUA SCARLETT tortoiseshell, in hinged cap As part of my student development tortoiseshell covered placement, I am looking at updating wood case, English, records on the Science Museum’s 1780–1860 internal database, MIMSY. Many of the records that concern objects, makers RIGHT: and people are automatically uploaded Collaborative to the museum’s public website. As Doctoral Partnership part of my PhD research into the student Gemma Almond collections, and to makers, I have been able to supply new, updated information to these records that will be of benefit and use to researchers both at and external to the museum. In some cases, biographies have been extended from a sentence to 500 words, providing much more detail. I am also working on a series of web narratives, as an editor and potential contributor, to accompany the new ABOVE: RECENTLY COMPLETED PHD STUDENTS Additionally, it contributes to disability Discrete case studies then present key permanent Science City gallery. As the SARAH Calculating machine and medical history more broadly by texts as part of their readers’ Gemma Almond: ‘Enhancing Vision in focus of my thesis is instruments made designed by Sir demonstrating how an assistive burgeoning mathematical practice, MURPHY YOUNG Samuel Morland in 19th-Century Britain’ in London between 1650 and 1720, technology can be used to challenge with chapters focusing on the spread there is some overlap and there are The International Placement Scheme 1666 with leather case, made between This thesis drew upon 1,000+ conventional thinking about of Ramist pedagogies of arithmetic, areas where I am looking to compile a (IPS) Fellowship provides an 1666–1695 spectacles, eyeglasses and vision impairment, medicalisation and the geometry and trigonometry in 16th- short, summative narrative on a topic opportunity for AHRC/ESRC-funded testing equipment in the Science measurement of the body. century Germany; the interconnected connected to the gallery that can be doctoral students, early career Museum’s ophthalmology and optics use of text, instrument and theory in Kevin Tracey: ‘Calculating Value: Using uploaded to the website. researchers and doctoral level collections to explore how the early modern English intellectual and and Collecting the Tools of Early research assistants to access measurement of vision and the use of navigational cultures; and the value Modern Mathematics’ internationally renowned collections, vision aids changed across the century attached to the related disciplines of programmes and expertise held by and how uncatalogued objects can be Through detailed evaluation of the mathematical astronomy and world-leading international usefully used in historical research. Science Museum Library’s Rare Books chronology at the University of institutions. I began my IPS Fellowship Collection, this thesis explores the use, Cambridge in the late 1690s. CONTINUING FOR THE FUTURE By analysing the retail, manufacture, at the Smithsonian Institution, ownership and subsequent collection design and use of vision aids it The thesis closes with a reconstruction Washington DC in October 2019. The This year, the Science Museums and of mathematical books produced developed a three-fold argument. of the library of the clergyman and placement – four months in total – Archives consortium was successful in between 1550 and 1750. Consisting of Firstly, that the advancement and mathematician, Nathaniel Torporley provide me with access to the N W Ayer its bid for six AHRC-funded PhD close to 1,700 titles published between professionalisation of opticians and (1564–1632), tracing the journey of & Son Advertising Agency records held projects a year for the next three years 1486 and 1800 encompassing the medical knowledge of the eye led to Torporley’s materials to the collection by the National Museum of American in the third round of the CDP scheme. pre-modern classification of the reconceptualisation of how vision of the antiquarian Robert Brodhead History for the basis of the project, Over summer, we hosted a networking mathematics, this subset of the Rare aids were used, tested and sold. Honeyman (1897–1987) and to the ‘Drink More Milk’: Networks of event that brought academics and Books Collection represents a Secondly, that changes in manufacture Science Museum thereafter. By placing Promotion in New York State’s Milk museum professionals together to remarkable accumulation of the and the sale of vision aids led to the museum’s library and its holdings Publicity Program, 1934–1941. The discuss shared research interests and practical and the theoretical across a greater numbers being produced, and in their correct historical contexts, this project adds crucial breadth and depth possible collaborative projects that variety of disciplines and languages. to my PhD thesis, providing me with might be suitable for developing into these were better suited for more thesis contributes to our an opportunity to investigate the PhD proposals. As a result, we had a long-term wear. Thirdly, that these two My thesis begins by characterising understanding of mathematical development of a vision of milk as record number of applications for the changes affected users of vision aids these mathematical holdings in culture in the early modern period, to a ‘perfect food’ in context of the new round of the scheme, suggesting by improving their utility, as well as aggregate, analysing the contents and the history of collecting in the modern transatlantic ‘professionalisation’ this to be a popular and increasingly their accessibility. In doing so, it physical features of the texts therein. era, and to the Science Museum’s of the advertising industry. competitive context for PhD study. intersects a range of important areas Findings are supplemented by understanding of its own holdings and Proposals were diverse in subject and of 19th-century history, including examination of accompanying of its role as an institutional collector. ABOVE: discipline, testifying to the range of urbanisation, industrialisation, rise provenance, including bindings, Image: N W Ayer possibilities afforded by projects of of print and education. bookplates and signatures. Advertising Agency this nature. We look forward to Records, Archives Center, National announcing the successful projects Museum of American and welcoming our new cohort of History, Smithsonian students next year. Institution

59 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 60 OUR CURRENT STUDENTS OUR CURRENT STUDENTS

RIGHT: Collaborative Doctoral Partnership PhD student Rachel Boon whose OUR CURRENT study is on The Post Office Research Station, Dollis Hill c. 1935–1970. Photographed in the STUDENTS Computing gallery

Current Collaborative Doctoral Award and Partnership Students

BELOW: Studio portrait of Caroline Avery, Collaborative Doctoral Partnership PhD Student who is researching ‘Making the pulse: the Reception of the Stethoscope in nineteenth century Britain, 1817–1870’

SCIENCE MUSEUM ALICE HAIGH FRANCES MORGAN CAROLINE AVERY ‘Research is the door of tomorrow’: Electronic music studios in musical, the networks and culture of The Post commercial and international Making the pulse: the reception of the Office Research Stations, Dollis Hill, perspective stethoscope in 19th-century Britain, c.1910–1939 1817–1870 Royal College of Art BT Archives, University of Leeds University of Leeds SARAH RACHEL BOON REBECCA MURPHY-YOUNG KEARNEY Dollis Hill Project B: the research life Constructing and consuming imagined of the established ‘Station’ in the ‘long ‘False Teeth for the Masses’: artificial futures: advertising healthcare to Cold War’ – analogue and digital era teeth as technologies, prostheses and publics and professionals in 20th- BT Archives, University of Manchester commodities in Britain, 1848–1948 century Britain University of Kent University of Leeds CAITLIN DOHERTY GEORGINA TOM RITCHIE Representations of flight: the 18th- century imagination and modern LOCKTON Meccano: the nuts and bolts of science collections Science, technology and road safety University of Kent University of Cambridge in the Motor Age Leicester University

61 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 62 OUR CURRENT STUDENTS OUR CURRENT STUDENTS

SCIENCE MUSEUM NATIONAL SCIENCE SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY MUSEUM NATIONAL RAILWAY MUSEUM AND MEDIA MUSEUM JOSHUA SCARLETT ERIN BEESTON ELIZABETH ADAMS JAYNE KNIGHT Instruments and their makers: a study Spaces of industrial heritage: a history Literary cultures, social networks and of experiment, collaboration and A Museum within the Museum: The of uses, perceptions and remaking the railway worker, 1840–1920 identity in 17th-century London Kodak Collection at National Science of the Liverpool Road Station site, University of Stirling Royal Society and Media Museum Manchester University of York University of Brighton University of Manchester CHLOE SHIELDS OSNAT KATZ EMILY MARSDEN PAUL COLEMAN Eating On The Go: Cultures of Consumption and the Railway in Britain, From London to Mars, and Back to Media in the First World War Danger – High Voltage: the rise 1840–1940 London: People, Objects and the of megavolt electricity supply in Durham University University of Strathclyde History of UK Space Science 20th-century Britain University College London REBECCA SMITH University of Leeds AMANDA STEVENS NATASHA The Daily Herald: popular desires FRANCESCA Home on the rails: the design, fitting and managing the production of and decoration of train interiors in KITCHNER photographs ELLIOTT Britain c.1920–1955 ‘Song, Mirth, & Music’: Broadcasting De Montfort University Power-assisted learning? Exhibiting, Open University before broadcasting – A comparative interpreting and teaching on approach to the history of the technology in the 20th-century Electrophone, 1894–1938 FRANCESCA industrial city SOPHIE VOHRA BT Archives, King’s College London STROBINO University of Manchester Railways and commemoration: anniversaries, commemorative Investigating Talbot’s experiments cultures and the making of DOM WELDON in photomechanical printing CAMERON railway history De Montfort University Mapping the historical growth and TAILFORD University of York cultural context of the British fixed line network Making electronics in interwar Britain: gendered labour in the thermionic BT Archives, King’s College London valve industry University of Leeds

RIGHT: Studio portrait of Tom Ritchie, Collaborative Doctoral Partnership PhD Student who is researching ‘Meccano: The nuts and bolts of science’

63 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 64 NEW STUDENTS STARTING IN 2019 NEW STUDENTS STARTING IN 2019

RIGHT: Calotype negative by William Henry Fox Talbot, copy of a portrait of a child NEW STUDENTS STARTING IN 2019

BELOW: Calotype negative by William Henry Fox Talbot of a statuette of a four-legged winged creature OSNAT KATZ NATASHA JAYNE KNIGHT CHLOE SHIELDS FRANCESCA From London to Mars and back to KITCHNER A museum within a museum: the Kodak ‘Eating on the Go’: cultures of STROBINO London: people, objects and the Collection at the National Science and consumption and the railway in Britain, history of UK space science Media convergence before Media Museum 1840–1940 Investigating Talbot’s experiments in convergence: the case of the photomechanical printing This PhD project aims to untangle the Electrophone This research project will re-evaluate In the decades surrounding the end of unique British history of space the Kodak Collection at the National the 19th century and the beginning Utilising the under-researched science, which has largely been The Electrophone has been described Science and Media Museum. of the 20th, Britain’s railways were at collections in the National Science and subsumed into European and American as the Victorian smartphone. Enabling Determining its significance as a their zenith. Size, complexity and Media Museum of William Henry Fox histories, or which has been people to listen to live theatre, music collection dedicated to popular dominance over the travelling market Talbot’s experiments with interpreted from declinist and concerts and sermons from the photography I will consider where a meant that the railway experience photomechanical printing, this project nationalist perspectives. By combining comfort of their own home, the collection as unique as this sits within touched all levels of society. This will investigate the history of the use of oral testimony from Electrophone was a form of broader contemporary histories of project will explore the social, photographic printing through an scientists, technicians and broadcasting that emerged at the end photography. I will be exploring what economic and political structures that interdisciplinary approach. I will administrators who worked at the of the 19th century, many years before value this collection has to audiences framed food and eating experiences investigate this collection from the Mullard Space Science Laboratory with the wireless was introduced to Britain. and researchers alike in understanding on Britain’s railways. Utilising the perspective of the histories of objects held by the Science Museum Using a media-archaeology approach the significance of popular photography. world-class collection of the National photography and science as well as and the Mullard Space Science this project will explore what the Examining the Kodak Collection’s Railway Museum (and wider Science through a practice-based method, Laboratory, this project will establish Electrophone can tell us about media position and relevance to the National Museum Group) featuring disposable which will look to recreate Talbot’s and interpret a social and cultural from 1897–1925, as well as what Science and Media MUseum and its cups and an array of crockery to photomechanical printing process. history of British space science, and relevance this early case of audiences at a time of dramatic change Victorian dining saloons, to explore will trace the influence of British space convergence has today. in both the photographic industry and in how people ate, what they ate and science on space missions globally. museum culture, this project will inform how they felt about it. the direction of photographic collections and displays of the future.

65 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 66 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PUBLICATIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PUBLICATIONS

BELOW: Hertha Mark’s Ayrton, from The life and material culture of Hertha Marks Ayrton (1854–1923): suffragette, physicist, mathematician and SCIENCE inventor by Elizabeth Bruton Connelly, Charlotte ‘Climate Hack: Rapid Prototyping New Displays in MUSEUM Multi-Disciplinary Museums’, in Addressing the Challenges in Communicating Climate Change Across Various Audiences, edited by Bettina GROUP Lackner, Walter Leal Filho, and Henry McGhie (New York: Springer, 2018), pp 517–30 PUBLICATIONS Connelly, Charlotte, and Claire Warrior ‘Survey Stories in the History of British Polar Exploration: Museums, Objects and People’, Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science, 73.2 (a special issue Bailley, Muriel ‘Contributions’, in The ‘“Vesalius’s On the Fabric of the Human ‘Peter Bradford Obituary’, The ‘Nineteenth-century survey sciences: Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health Body” and “Barbara Hepworth’s Guardian, 10 October 2019 enterprises, expeditions and and Disease, edited by Selina Hurley Surgery Sketchbook”’, in The Medicine exhibitions’ organised and edited by Boyle, Alison ‘Modern Physics in the and Natasha McEnroe (London: André Cabinet: The Story of Health and Simon Naylor and Simon Schaffer) Museum: Shaping a UK National Deutsch, 2019) Disease Told through Extraordinary (2019), pp 259–74 Collection in the Twentieth Century’, Objects, edited by Selina Hurley and ‘Modelling Life: Exploring the Human Journal of the History of Collections, Coulls, Anthony, ‘Journey with Maps – Natasha McEnroe (André Deutsch, Body’, in Medicine: An Imperfect 31.3 (2019), pp 487–502 An Early Railway in Sierra Leone?’, in 2019), pp 12–13 and 108–9 Science, edited by Natasha McEnroe Early Railways 6, edited by Anthony Bruton, Elizabeth ‘From Theory to (London: Scala, 2019) Barrett, Katy, and Laura Humphreys Coulls (Six Martlets, 2019), pp 259–69 Engineering Practice: Shared ‘Technologies of Romance: Baines, Sarah ‘From 2D to 3D: The story Telecommunications Knowledge Stationary Steam Engines (Stroud: Introduction’, Science Museum Group of graphene in objects’, Science between Oliver Heaviside and His Amberly Publishing, 2019) Journal, 12 (2019) Museum Group Journal, 10 (2018) Brother and GPO Engineer Arthur West The Slate Industry (Stroud: Amberly Blatchford, Ian, and Tilly Blyth The Art Heaviside’, Philosophical Transactions Barrett, Katy ‘Experiments in Art: Publishing, 2019) of Innovation: From Enlightenment to of the Royal Society A: Celebrating 125 A New Science Gallery in London’, Dark (Bantam Press, 2019) Years of Oliver Heaviside’s Dabin, Katie ‘Contributions’, in The Burlington Contemporary, 2019 ‘Electromagnetic Theory’: Physical Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health Bond, Sarah ‘Contributions’, in The ‘On My Bookshelf: Headlong, by Sciences Papers and Historical and Disease, edited by Selina Hurley Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health Michael Frayn’, Museums Journal, Perspectives, 2018 and Natasha McEnroe (London: André and Disease, ed. by Selina Hurley and 2018, p 56 Deutsch, 2019) Natasha McEnroe (London: André ‘The life and material culture of Hertha ‘Pelicans, Fossils and Fingered Lemons Deutsch, 2019) Marks Ayrton (1854–1923): Davies, Jack ‘Contributions’, in The – Recreating the Paper Museum of suffragette, physicist, mathematician, Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health ‘Emotional Objects: Faith and Feeling in Cassiano Dal Pozzo’, Apollo Magazine, and inventor’, Science Museum Group and Disease, edited by Selina Hurley the Medicine Collection’, in Medicine: July 2019 Journal, 10, 2018 and Natasha McEnroe (London: André An Imperfect Science, ed. by Natasha Deutsch, 2019) ‘Project Moon: Satirising Our Satellite’, McEnroe (London: Scala, 2019) Bruton, Elizabeth, and Graeme Gooday in The Moon: A Celebration of Our ‘Towards a Longer History of British ‘Created Through Conflict: The Boon, Tim ‘1962: “What Manner of Celestial Neighbour, ed. by Melanie Women in Engineering’, Viewpoint: The Development of Military Medicine’, in Men?” Meeting Scientists through Vandenbrouck (Harper Collins and Magazine of the British Society for the Medicine: An Imperfect Science, Television’, Public Understanding of National Maritime Museum, 2019), pp History of Science, October 2018 edited by Natasha McEnroe (London: Science Series on ‘Historic Moments 140–45 Scala, 2019) in PUS’, 2018 Clarke, Imogen ‘Contributions’, in The ‘Royal Airforce Museum – Review’, Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health Desborough, Jane The Changing Face ‘Contributions’, in The Medicine Museums Journal, 2018 and Disease, edited by Selina Hurley of Early Modern Time, 1550–1770 Cabinet: The Story of Health and and Natasha McEnroe (London: André (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019) ‘Tacita Dean: Landscape, Portrait, Still Disease, edited by Selina Hurley Deutsch, 2019) Life’, Science Museum Group Journal, and Natasha McEnroe (André 10 (2018) Deutsch, 2019)

67 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 68 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PUBLICATIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PUBLICATIONS

RIGHT: ‘Premium Payments of Trevithick and Replica of Nobel Vivian’s High-Pressure Steam Engine medal, 2010. From 2D Patent of 1802’, Railway & Canal to 3D: the story of graphene in objects, Historical Society Early Railway Group by Sarah Baines Occasional, Paper 246 (2019), 1–13 ‘The Lakeside Miniature Railway at Alexandra Palace’, Hornsey Historical Society Bulletin, 60 (2019), pp 7–13 McEnroe, Natasha editor, Medicine: An Imperfect Science (London: Scala, 2019) Rose, Alexandra, and Jane Desborough Science City: Craft, Commerce and Curiosity in London, 1550–1800 Dunn, Richard ‘Using the Moon’, ‘The Hanaway-Oakley, Cleo ‘Colour (London: Scala, 2019) Telescopic Revolution’ and ‘The End of Blindness on the Move: A Brief Literary Russell, Ben ‘Book review: The Life and the Beginning: Imagining the Lunar and Cultural History’, University of Legend of James Watt by David Phillip Voyage’, in The Moon, ed. by Melanie Bristol, 2019 Miller’, Science Museum Group Journal, Vandenbrouck, Megan Barford, Louise Highfield Roger, Shannon Jones, 12, 2019 Devoy and Richard Dunn (Collins/Royal Christopher J Scott, and Chris Lintott Museums Greenwich, 2019) ‘Object Contributions’, in The Power to ‘The Visual Complexity of Coronal Mass Change the World: James Watt – a Life ‘Muito occupado trocando chapas: Ejections over a Solar Cycle’, (ePoster, in 50 Objects, edited by Kate Croft and astronomia sob tendas’ / ‘Too busy AGU Fall Meeting, 2019) Malcolm Dick, 2019 changing plates: Astronomy under Hurley, Selina ‘Collecting Medicine: canvas’, in O Eclipse de 1919/The Stienne, Angela ‘Egyptian Mummies Routes and Roots of Medicine at the Eclipse of 1919, ed. by Marília Pessoa and Their Stories in Museums’, Nile Science Museum’, in Medicine: An (Observatório Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Scribes, 2019 Imperfect Science (London: Scala, 2019), pp 164–183 2019) ‘”To Turn Round a Dead”: Engagements ‘Weighing light in the tropics: the 1919 with Egyptian Mummies in London at Hurley, Selina, and Natasha McEnroe eclipse’, Astronomy & Geophysics, the Turn of the Nineteenth Century’, editors, The Medicine Cabinet: The 60.2 (2019), pp 30–31 Papers from the Institute of Story of Health and Disease (London: Archaeology, 28.1 Dunn, Richard and Megan Barford André Deutsch, 2019) ‘Scientific instrument collections in ‘What next for Human Remains Lawrence, Isabelle ‘Contributions’, in the creation of the National Maritime Collections at the World Museum The Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Museum, Greenwich’, Journal of the Liverpool?’, Liverpool Museums Health and Disease, edited by Selina History of Collections, 31 (2019), pp Blog, 2019 Hurley and Natasha McEnroe (London: 503–517 André Deutsch, 2019) Vandenbrouck, Melanie, Megan Emmens, Stewart ‘Contributions’, in Barford, Louise Devoy and Richard ‘Faith, Hope & Fear: Interpreting the The Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Dunn (eds) The Moon (Collins/Royal Human Experience of Medicine and Health and Disease, edited by Selina Museums Greenwich, 2019) LEFT: Health at the Science Museum’, Social Hurley and Natasha McEnroe (London: Wade, Sarah ‘Contributions’, in The Ivory netsuke, in the History in Museums, 2019 form of a rabbit André Deutsch, 2019) Medicine Cabinet: The Story of Health Liffen, John ‘A Trevithick Portrait grinding with a ‘Prostheses at the Science Museum and Disease, edited by Natasha mortar and pestle, Puzzle’, Railway & Canal Historical – Peg-Legs, Pylons and the Pianist’s McEnroe and Selina Hurley (London: Japanese, 18th or Society Early Railway Group André Deutsch, 2019) 19th century, from Arm’, in Medicine: An Imperfect Occasional, Paper 248 (2019), pp 1–4 The Medicine Cabinet: Science, edited by Natasha McEnroe The Story of Health and Disease, edited (London: Scala, 2019), pp 39–65 by Selina Hurley and Natasha McEnroe

69 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 70 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS

SCIENCE MUSEUM

LEFT: GROUP Oliver Heaviside, English physicist, c 1900. Heaviside (1850–1925) was a founder of the theory of cable telegraphy, as discussed by PRESENTATIONS Elizabeth Bruton

Alegre Leonel, Haydn Antoniw, Stefan Barrett, Katy, and Natasha McEnroe, Binks, Chris ‘Case Studies: ‘Performing Science on Television… Fahrngruber, and Pippa Hough, ‘Peopling the Medicine Galleries at Conservation & Restoration. and Other Stories’, public lecture, ‘When Is an Exhibition No Longer an the Science Museum’ (presented at “Dynamometer – a Legend Refreshed”’ University of Leeds, 29 October 2018 Exhibition?’ (presented at the ECSITE, the Curating the Medical Humanities, (presented at the ABTEM Late Autumn ‘Science at the Royal Society’s Experimentarium, Copenhagen, 2019) Birkbeck College, 2018) Seminar: Operating and Conserving Tercentenary, 1960: International, Historic Industrial & Transport Applebaum, Vanessa ‘Preserving Beeston, Erin ‘Collaborative Doctoral Universal, Inductive’ (presented at the Collections, London, 2018) Biodegradable Plastic Masks at the Thesis Lightning Talk’ (presented at AHRC/Russian Foundation for Basic Science Museum’ (presented at the the European Researcher’s Night, Boal, Adam ‘Bringing in the Experts Research conference, Moscow, New Perspectives: Contemporary Manchester, 2019) without Shutting out the Public’ Russia, 2019) Conservation Thinking and Practice (presented at the Playful Learning Belknap, Geoffrey ‘Capturing Time: ‘Science at the Royal Society’s (Institute of Conservation Triennial 2019, University of Leicester, 2019) Photography and the Measurement Tercentenary, 1960: International, Conference), ICC Belfast, Waterfront of Time in the 19th Century’, 2019 ‘Engagement Events in Museums’ Universal, Inductive’ (presented at Hall Belfast, Northern Ireland, 2019) (Science Museum, 2019) the Science in Public conference, ‘Challenges of a Photography Curator: Atienza, Dacha, Michiel Buchel, Diana Manchester, 2019) Photography. Print Media and the Boon, Rachel ‘Institutional History, Escobar Vicent, Pippa Hough, and Daily Herald’ (presented at the Invited Classified Information and the Military/ ‘Science Museums and Other Media: Weibke Rössig ‘Science Engagement Lecture for the Yorkshire Philosophical Civilian Divide Researching the Post How They Have Interacted, and How Organisations as Citizen Labs’ Society, York, UK, 2019) Office Research Station’, 2018 They Might’ (presented at the Museum (presented at the ECSITE, Seminar Series, Medical Museion, Experimentarium, Copenhagen, 2019) ‘Fixing Photography with Ink’, 2019 Boon, Tim ‘Cultivating Research in the Copenhagen, 2019) Science Museum Group’, 2019 Bailley, Muriel ‘Double-Helix History: ‘Making Scientific Collections Boyle, Alison ‘Material Heritage on the DNA and the Past’ (University of Relevant’ (presented at the ECSITE ‘Introduction to Screening of The World Map: One Field, or Many?’ (presented Manchester, 2019) Conference, Copenhagen, Is Rich (1947)’ (presented at the at the Scientific Instrument Denmark, 2019) Envisioning the World film series, Baines, Sarah, and Francesca Elliot Symposium, Museum Boerhaave, Close-Up Film Centre in London, ‘“I Needed to Be as Good as the White Berg, Thomas B, Pippa Hough, Leiden, Netherlands, 2019) British Academy, 2019) Engineers, or Better”’: Bringing Diverse Dobrivoje Lale Eric, Marina Leonard, Bradford, Jessica ‘Open Up: Making Workers’ Voices to the Science and and Catherine Murphy ‘Using ‘Objects or Narratives?: The (Ir) More of Stored Collections’ Industry Museum’s Power Hall’ Performing Arts in Scientific Relevance of Collections at the Mid (presented at the Museum (presented at the Artefacts XXIV Organisations’ (presented at the 20thc Science Museum’ (presented Association conference, British Meeting, Edinburgh, 2019) ECSITE, Experimentarium, at the Artefacts Conference, Adler Museum, London, 2018) Copenhagen, 2019) Planetarium, Chicago, 2018) Barrett, Katy ‘Keynote’ (presented at Bradford, Jessica, and Alexandra the Visual Intersections Conference, ‘On the Early Postwar Public Culture Fullerlove ‘New Frontiers for the Durham, 2019) of History at the Science Museum, Science Museum Group Collection’ London’ (presented at the HSS, (presented at the Open Up: Making Utrecht, 2019) More of Stored Collections’, British Museum, London, 2018)

71 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 72 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS

Contemporary Conservation Thinking European Patent Office European ‘Retracing the Life of the Science and Practice, ICC Belfast Waterfront Inventor Award Judge, 10 Jan 2019 Museum’s Bed Cycle’ (presented at Hall, Belfast, Northern Ireland, 2019) the Mechanical Medicine: Exploring Inaugural lecture as visiting professor the History of Healing, Manipulation Grimshaw, Fiona ‘Managing Budgets, of public engagement (UCL and Massage, Science Museum, Purchasing, Tendering and Contracts’ Department of Chemistry, 25 March) London, 2019) (presented at the MA International Event with Dr Brian May and Lord Rees, Cultural Heritage Management Kingston, Charlotte ‘Displaying the Astronomer Royal (IMAX, 24 May) Workshop, University of Durham, Innovative, Capturing the Future’ Department of Archaeology, 2018) Hay Festival event with Mark (presented at the T2M Conference: Miodownik of UCL and Lucy Cooke, Mobilities and Materialities, Sorbonne Hanaway-Oakley, Cleo ‘Literature 25 May and Campus Condorcet, Paris, and Colour Vision from Dickens to France, 2019) Joyce’, 2019 GCHQ event with Technical Director of NCSC Ian Levy (Cheltenham Science Lawrence-Mackey, Farrah ‘Life ‘Multifocal Modernism: Engaged Festival, 5 June) Support Sounds: Some Thoughts on Research through Literary Lenses’ Human and Non-Human Sound on the (presented at the Medical Humanities JLF event with Sir Venki Ramakrishnan, Iron Lung and Dialysis’ (presented at Strands, University of Bristol, 2018) President of the Royal Society (British the Sounding the Archives Master Library, 14 June) ‘Seeing Red (or Maybe Green): Colour Class, Wellcome, 2019) Blindness in Literature and Culture, Quantum computing event with Jim ‘Sensing Space on Dialysis’, 2019 c.1860–1940’, 2019 Al Khalili of University of Surrey, UCL CompBioMed consortium (IMAX, 25 ‘Sound and the Iron Lung’ (presented ‘“So Difficult to Render in Colourless September) at the European Association of the Words”’: Modernism and Colour Vision’, History of Medicine, University of 2019 Hine, Adrian ‘Accelerating Digitisation Birmingham, 2019) to Build an Online Museum’ (presented Hicks, Jan ‘All Electric Housing: The at the Symposium: Experiences in ‘When Wood Becomes Iron: Metaphor Use Of Model Homes To Introduce LEFT: collections digitalization: cooperation and Emotion in the Negative Pressure Electricity Into The Domestic Setting ‘Iron lung’ dialysis as a strategy to amplify access, Ventilator’ (presented at the Surgery machine, as In Early 20th Century Britain’, 2018 discussed by Farrah Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019) and Emotions Conference, University ‘Object Based Energy Communication’, of Roehampton, 2019) Lawrence-Mackey ‘One Collection: A Once in a Lifetime 2018 Opportunity to Digitise, Preserve and Leksard, Marta ‘The Hempcrete ‘Science and Industry Museum Make Discoverable the Science Museum Store – Assessing the Archive Collections and Post-War Museum Collection’ (presented at Performance of a Prototype Low- Brooks, Lawrence ‘Make Do and Communication in World War 1’, in Cliff, Alice ‘Collections and Everyday Infrastructure’, 2019 the Preservation of Memory of the Energy Museum Storage Building’ Electrical Energy Sector, Museu de (presented at the Auf Dem Weg Zum Digitise’ (presented at the Axiell Sonic Imperium: Sound and the State Life: An Interdisciplinary Approach to ‘The Hybrid Record Keeper’, 2018 European Users Meeting, British Film in the Twentieth Century (HSS Utrecht, Objects and Practice’, 2018 Arte do Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Plusenergie-Depot; Fraunhofer- Institute, London, 2019) the Netherlands, 2019) Highfield, Roger ‘IVF at 40 with Louise 2019) Institut für Bauphysik IBP, Connelly, Charlotte ‘Survey Sciences in Brown and Prof Roger Gosden’, Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, ‘One Collection: Building an Integrated Bruton, Elizabeth ‘From Theory to Burden, Louisa ‘Not Interested in British Polar Exploration’ (presented at (Science Museum, 25 July 2018) Cologne, Germany, 2019) Engineering Practice: Shared Temperature Control? Environmental the Forschungskolloquiums zur Inventory, Digitisation & Movement Telecommunications Knowledge Parameters for Robust Collections’ Neueren Geschichte, Wintersemester Science Writing Masterclass (Dunn Workflow’ (presented at the Axiell Liffen, John ‘Webb’s Wooden Rockets’ between Oliver Heaviside and His (presented at the Museum and 2018–2019, University of Bremen/ School, University of Oxford, 23 European Users Meeting, British Film (presented at the Institute of Railway Brother and GPO Engineer Arthur Heritage Show 2019, London, 2019) German Maritime Museum, 2018) August 2018) Institute, London, 2019) Studies Seminar, National Railway West Heaviside’ (Science Museum, Museum, York, 2019) Chaillie, Laura ‘SmartSourcing: Davies, Jack, and Laura Humphreys Interview with Baron John Prescott Howles, Matthew ‘Staging a London, 2019) Overcoming the Limitations of ‘Tampons to Mooncups and Pads to about Kyoto Protocol (British Science Demonstration: The Natural Philosophy MacNicol, Emma, Hattie Lloyd, and ‘Hertha Ayrton (1854–1923): An Smartphone Technologies’ (presented Period Pants: Modernising Festival, 12 September 2018) Experiment Re-Imagined at London’s Donata Miller ‘One Collection and Science Museum’ (presented at the Diverse Narratives’ (presented at Electric Woman’ (presented at the at the American Institute of Menstruation at the Science Museum’ MRC Max Perutz Prize Judge, 5 XXXVII Scientific Instrument Artefacts 2019, National Museum of Heroine’s Journey night – stories Conservation (AIC): Annual (presented at The Material Culture of October 2018 and 17 Sept 2019 for inspiring women, London, 2019) Conference, HeritageDot Conference, Health Activism, Science Museum, Symposium, Teylers Museum, Haarlem, Scotland, Edinburgh, 2019) Institute of Conservation (ICON): London, 2019) Session Curator at Wired Live with The Netherlands, 2018) ‘The Romance Novel and Electric McEnroe, Natasha ‘In Sickness & In Triennial Conference, Mohegan Sun; Angela Saini and Hannah Fry (Tate Telegraphy in the Nineteenth and Elliot, Francesca ‘Collaborative Hurley, Selina ‘Object Talk’ (presented Health: Exploring Medical History Uncasville, Connecticut, USA, Modern, 1 November 2018) Twentieth Centuries’ (presented at the Doctoral Research Summary’, 2019 at the Sensing the Machine-Body Collections’ (Wellcome, 2018) University of Lincoln; Lincoln, ICC In conversation with Sir Patrick Interface, Science Museum, London, Technologies of Romance Symposium, ‘Jon Baines Tours Lecture’ (Royal Belfast – Waterfront Hall; Belfast Francescutto Miro, Adriana, and Vallance, Government Chief Scientist, 2019) Science Museum, London, 2018) Geographical Society, 2018) NI, 2019) Marisa Kalvins ‘Conserving World Lates, 28 November Bruton, Elizabeth, and Graeme Gooday Cultures for the Medicine Galleries’ ‘Presentation at Making Sense of Clarke, Imogen ‘Romantic Notions ‘Flying Caps and Throat Microphones: (presented at the ICON 2019 Triennial Contributor to the Beagle 2 meeting Museums’ (presented at the Senses of Tuberculosis: Objects, Arts & Solving the Problems of Aviation Conference – New Perspectives: (Dana Library and Research Centre, Research Cluster seminar, University Science’, 2018 19 December 2018) of Bristol, 2019)

73 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 74 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP PRESENTATIONS

BELOW: Biodegradable plastic mask used in radiotherapy, as discussed by Vanessa Applebaum

Paquin, Sheldon ‘Adapting ‘Preserving the Dust: James Watt and ‘Egyptian Mummies in Museums: Wilson-Stephens, Edward ‘Objects of Interpretations in Travelling Exhibitions Industrial Iconography’ (presented at New Perspectives’ (presented at the Electronic Sound and Music in for Diverse Cultural Contexts’ the James Watt: Innovation, Culture School of Museum Studies Summer Museums: Exhibitions and the Sonic- (presented at the Ecsite 2019, and Legacy’ Conference, University of School, University of Leicester, Tactile Dimensions of Objects’ Experimentarium (Copenhagen), 2019) Birmingham, 2019) Leicester, 2019) (presented at the Collections Management Study Day, University ‘How to Talk to the Public about AMR’ ‘Science, Art and Machines: Benjamin ‘Encounters with Egyptian Mummies at of Leeds, 2019) (presented at the AMR ABPI Cheverton and the Mechanical the Louvre’ (presented at the Friends Parliamentary Information Session, Reproduction of Sculpture’ of the Petrie Museum Lecture, Petrie Wolstenholme, Zoe ‘Scottish Lines Parliamentary Committee Room 18, Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, Societies Photographic Archive Saggar, Shelley ‘“A Civilising Mission Westminster, 2018) London, 2019) Volunteer Project’ (presented at the without Parallel”: Working through the Scottish Railway History Conference, ‘Measuring the Scale of Antimicrobial Inheritance of Henry Wellcome’s Thirlaway, Khalil, ‘Race, Gender and Perth, 2019) Resistance in China in a Global Context’ Collections’ (presented at the Ailing Technology in Science-Fiction’ (presented at the AMR Symposium, Empires: Medicine, Science & (presented at the Science Fiction Yates, Emily ‘One Collection: Guangdong Science Centre Imperialism symposium, Research Association’s 2019 annual Harnessing Digital Technology for (Guangzhou, China), 2019) Edinburgh, 2019) conference, Maison Francaise Collections Moves’ (presented at the d’Oxford, Hawaii) ICON Triennial Conference: New Rawlins, Sarah ‘Above the Noise: ‘“How Do You Solve a Problem like a Perspectives: Contemporary Co-Curating Post Industrial Bradford’ Science Museum?” Researching Wade, Sarah ‘I’m Sorry for Your Loss: Conservation Thinking and Practice, (presented at the Science Museum Culturally Sensitive Items in the Apology and Animal Death in Belfast, Northern Ireland, 2019) Group Research Conference, WHMM Collections’, 2019 Contemporary Art’ (presented at Science and Industry Museum, Measuring the Silences and the Work Young, Georgina ‘Collections ‘Researching Culturally Sensitive Items Manchester, 2019) of Mourning: Extinction and the Development Theory and Practice’ in the Wellcome Historical Medical Anthropocene, King’s College (presented at the University of ‘Designing Hot Topic Exhibitions’ Collections’ (presented at Postcolonial London, 2019) Manchester Art Galleries and Museum (presented at the Museums and Heritage, University of Sussex, 2019) Studies MA taught session, Heritage Show, Olympia, Earls Court, ‘Sensing Ecology with Art & Science’ ‘Restoring Mana, Recovering Story: Manchester, 2018) London, 2019) (presented at Making Sense of Researching Culturally Sensitive Museums, University of Bristol ‘Re-Presenting the Past at the Science ‘Exhibition Interpretation’ (presented Items in the WHMM Collections’ (part of the Centre for Health, and Industry Museum’ (presented at at the Guest seminar tutor for MA in (presented at the Medicine Galleries Humanities & Science Senses the Science in Public Conference, Art Gallery and Museum Studies, and Research Seminar, Science Museum, Research Cluster), 2019) Manchester, 2019) MA in Art Management and Heritage London, 2019) Studies, Faculty of Fine Art, History of ‘Sexy Beasts & Saving Wildlife: Sharman, Anne ‘Making Data Public: Art and Cultural Studies, University “Pornographic” Ecology in Medicine, Mimsy and Collections of Leeds, 2019) Contemporary Art & Visual Culture’ Online’ (presented at the Mimsy UK (presented at Sex and Nature: 1800– ‘Museums and PhDs’ (presented at the Users Group Conference, National 2018, University of Exeter, 2019) Northern Bridge Consortium PhD Museums Liverpool, 2019) Summer School, Raddison Blu Hotel ‘The Extinction Effect: Ethical Animal Simões da Silva, Nicole ‘Are You Aware Conferencing Suites, Durham, 2019) Bodies in Contemporary Art’ of Hazard Due Diligence?’ (presented (presented at Animal Remains, Russell, Ben ‘A Curator at the Height of at the European Registrars University of Sheffield, Sheffield His Powers: H W Dickinson and James Conference, London, Queen Elizabeth Animal Studies Research Centre, 2019) Watt, 1919–1930’, 2019 Conference Centre, 2018) Wade, Sarah, and Pandora Syperek ‘Curatorial Cultures: The Professional Steinne, Angela ‘Egyptian Mummies ‘Curating the Sea, Maritime Animals: Life of H W Dickinson, 1919–1930’, 2018 as Displaced People’ (presented at Telling Stories of Animals at Sea’ the Refugee Week, New Walk ‘Filth, Farting and Explosions: The (National Maritime Museum, 2019) Museum, Leicester) Pursuit of Beauty in Machine Design, 1800–1840’, 2018

75 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 76 OPPORTUNITIES TO STUDY AND RESEARCH WITH US OPPORTUNITIES TO STUDY AND RESEARCH WITH US

LEFT: Archivist Jan Shearsmith in OPPORTUNITIES the archival collections TO STUDY AND RESEARCH The Science Museum Group’s research (see: https://www. a dozen curators, looking into the 95 PUBLISHING WITH US ethos is intrinsically collaborative: we sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/ per cent of the museum’s collections The Science Museum Group Journal is WITH US enjoy working with colleagues in the our-work/research-public-history/). not on display, and the 5 per cent that another example of how we like to work universities and other heritage These priorities are regularly reviewed is; and exhibitions that have been with colleagues in the universities, and organisations who share our passionate so that they align with the museums’ completed and remain on display, as with other museums too. We see this interest in museum collections and the forward programmes. We invite well as those in development. We TIM BOON publication as a key home for discussion public culture of science – including colleagues in the museums and consider key technologies from on the issues and subjects that unite Head of Research and Public History, Science Museum museum audiences and museum universities to work together to astrolabes to rockets and stretchers everyone who loves science and possibilities. This is evident throughout propose doctoral projects that to phonographs; students learn how technology museums, including those the pages of this report. Increasingly address those areas for a first-round the museum goes about tackling the who work in them. We are proud of the across the Group, we host a wide range closing date in September, with the large-scale and sometimes unwieldy Journal’s mixed authorship, which of researchers and students, all shortlisted projects being submitted material culture associated with unites senior faculty and early career contributing to the museums’ by late November. infrastructure or sound, for example. researchers, many of whom are programmes at the same time as they Some students stay on to write their A panel selects the best projects in publishing their first article. pursue research that will be submitted, dissertations with us; there is a near January, after which the universities published or performed under their infinity of museum objects that can advertise the studentships to start in JOIN US IN OUR RESEARCH own names. be the focus of a long essay informed the following October. It is worth CONVERSATIONS by the readings and debate across mentioning that prospective students THINKING OF A DOCTORATE? the whole MSc. We hold academic conferences and are sometimes closely involved in workshops at museums across the Our doctoral programme is one example; writing these proposals, and that this For individuals with doctorates, at Group, bringing together our wider each student has a supervisory team approach provides an alternative route whatever career stage they have research community, and also acting as that brings together university-based to self-determined study for those reached, we have fellowship and venues for discussions arising from researchers with museum-based who have particular interests in associateship schemes that are projects relevant to our subject areas, professional staff. The conversations material culture or museums. If this designed to support long-term collections and priorities. The majority around the development of the interests you, we can connect you relationships and targeted research of these are also the fruit of students’ projects enact the dialogue with a potential supervisory team. projects. Our small number of collaborations with universities, and between museums and universities. Increasingly, we also welcome associates are fellow travellers on notably of joint research projects, Would you like to supervise a student or students funded under other particular research journeys. These whether the Group is Co-Investigator or be a doctoral student at the Science schemes, and indeed by other individuals may be spending a Project Partner. Both at the Science and Museum Group? Most of our students funders, to work in our Research research sabbatical with us, or may Media Museum and at the Dana are supported by our collaborative Centre and on our collections. become fellows when funding Research Centre in London, we also have doctoral partnership funded by the Arts becomes available. Our fellows are regular seminar programmes; we are and Humanities Research Council. Our CONSIDERING MASTERS STUDY? supported by a variety of agencies, often approached by researchers keen consortium – which includes all the including United Kingdom Research In London, we teach ‘curating science to discuss their work with our audience. museums of the Science Museum Group and Innovation (UKRI), the Wellcome and technology’ a ten-week option We like to be involved in projects that alongside the Royal Society, Royal Trust and European funding bodies. within UCL’s Science and Technology shed light on our collections and the Geographical Society, Kew Gardens and Studies MSc programme. This provides People at all the different stages of contexts in which they arose and were BT Archives – currently awards six students, who may come from science academic experience described here used. If you are an investigator in a studentships per annum. Early each or humanities first degrees, with have the opportunity to interact in the planned or active project that you think summer we publish a document insights into the ways in which the Research Centre, where the reading is relevant to Science Museum Group’s outlining the subject areas in which we history of science – as broadly room and some limited ‘hot desk’ concerns, please get in touch. are most interested, and arrange conceived – is done in museums. The provision enables people to join our meetings where potential supervisory If you would like to study or research option has a particular stress on research culture, just as they do when teams can discuss potential projects. with us, please take a look at our web objects, the material record of the they attend our seminars, workshops pages, https://group.sciencemuseum. This reflects the Science Museum practice of science, technology and and conferences. org.uk/our-work/research-public- Group’s priority research areas, which medicine in the past – including the history, or e-mail us at can be found in the Science Museum recent past. Students learn from a [email protected]. Group Research Strategy wide range of case studies taught by

77 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 78 OUR TEAM OUR TEAM

ROBERT BUD KATE STEINER RICHARD NICHOLLS OUR TEAM Research Keeper Editor, Science Museum Assistant Editor, Science Robert is carrying out a major project Group Journal Museum Group Journal on the history of the concept of Kate is the Editor-in-Chief of the Richard is the Assistant Editor of the applied science from the fall of the Science Museum Group Journal the Science Museum Group Journal, an Bastille to the raising of the Iron scholarly, open-access, online journal online publication which presents the Curtain. His latest book, Being published by the Science Museum global research community with Modern: The Cultural Impact of Group, which presents peer-reviewed peer-reviewed papers relevant to Science in the Early Twentieth articles from staff and external the wide-ranging work of the Group. Century (co-edited with Paul authors on topics of interest to Richard has helped oversee the Greenhalgh, Frank James and Morag science museums. Kate supports development of the Journal from its Shiach) was published by UCL Press internal staff to develop writing and inception in 2014 through to the in October 2018. publishing skills as well as editing present day, and he is chiefly external submissions through to concerned with the Journal’s back-end publication in two Journal issues per functionality and editorial design. The DANIELLE year. Forthcoming projects include an Journal continues to enjoy a steady updating of the Journal’s design and increase in readership numbers and TIM BOON EFRAM SARAH WADE JACKSON architecture so that it works even contributions, and Richard is currently Head of Research & Research Manager Research & better for readers and authors, and a involved in a redevelopment of the SERA-SHRIAR feasibility study of ways to expand the Journal website and expansion of Public History Research Grants Manager (Maternity Cover) Public History Coordinator Group’s research outputs beyond the research outputs. He is also Tim is Head of Research & Public and Museum Research Fellow As Research Manager, Sarah develops As Research and Public History Journal. Kate has degrees in both responsible for supporting internal History and a historian of the public and oversees various strands of the Coordinator, Danielle oversees the history and psychology and has staff to develop writing and publishing culture of science. He is responsible As Research Grants Manager for the museum’s research activities, administration of the Research and worked in museums for over 20 years skills as well as editing external for overseeing and developing the Science Museum Group, Efram is including the Collaborative Doctoral Public History department. She as a Learning Officer, an Exhibition submissions through to publication. Science Museum Group’s Research & responsible for the development and Partnership scheme, research events, provides support and assistance Developer and as Head of Audience Richard comes from a background Public History programmes. His management of all grant-based the Medicine Galleries Postdoctoral across all research activities and Research. Her publications include in science journalism and science exhibitions include Health Matters research at Science Museum Group’s Research Fellowship Programme, staff helps coordinate events to ensure the King, H, Steiner, K, Hobson, M, consultancy. (1994) and Making the Modern World five national museum sites. Efram is research training, and coordinating smooth running of the department. Robinson, A, and Clipson, H, 2015 (2000). His first book, Films of Fact, also an historian of the human and teaching on the Curating Science Danielle is currently studying towards ‘Highlighting the value of evidence- was published in 2008, and he is sciences and received his PhD from Masters course. Sarah is also an art an MA in Public Histories at Birkbeck based evaluation: pushing back on co-editor (with Frode Weium) of the University of Leeds. His research historian interested in the College, University of London with a demands for ‘impact’’, JCOM: Journal HIROKI SHIN Artefacts: Material Culture and focuses on three main areas: history entanglements of art and ecology – focus on the presentation of the of Science Communication (Vol 14, Research Associate Electronic Sound (2013). He is of anthropology, the context of particularly in the context of museum Medieval period in popular culture, Issue 2). Victorian science, and the historical Hiroki is a Research Associate in the currently President of the British display, exhibitions and curatorial particularly concerning Department of Research and Public Society for the History of Science, and relationship between science and practice. She holds a PhD in the History documentaries and podcasts. religion. He has held major grants and History. He is an historian of energy, a member of the AHRC Advisory Board. of Art from UCL, which she is currently Previously, Danielle has worked as a transport and finance with special fellowships in North America and developing for publication as a researcher at an advertising firm and Europe, and he has published over 25 interests in science communication and monograph focused on artistic and as a grants officer where she worked public history. After obtaining a PhD academic papers and two books, The curatorial strategies for representing with public sector organisations and ALISON HESS Making of British Anthropology (2013) from the University of Cambridge, he species loss and exhibiting extinction small charities. has held research positions at the Research & and Historicizing Humans (2018). His and is co-founder of the Curating the current research explores psychical University of York, University of Public History Manager Sea research project, with a co-edited Manchester and Birkbeck College, research in the modern period. Since special issue of the Journal of Alison supports a variety of activities 2006 he has been an editor and University of London, working on Curatorial Studies on this topic research projects such as ‘Commercial in the department, including applying co-investigator for the John Tyndall forthcoming in 2020. Over the years, for grant funding and assisting others Correspondence Project. Cultures of Britain’s Railways’, ‘Material Sarah has worked with various arts and Cultures of Energy’ and ‘Communicating to do so, working with other research heritage organisations in research, organisations to develop grant Material Cultures of Energy’. Hiroki has curatorial, editorial and project published articles and book chapters applications within the heritage sector. management capacities. She also manages the Collaborative on topics including 20th-century Doctoral Partnership scheme and the energy culture, past experiences of Science Museum’s relationships with energy disruption and the historical Doctoral Training Partnerships. development of transport marketing. As well as her work to support the He is currently developing a research department, Alison also runs her project centred on the past, present own research projects. and future of energy-themed exhibitions in the culture sector.

79 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 80 BELOW: Gallery view of the Gallstones Display in the Science Museum’s new Medicine Galleries

Science Museum Group gratefully acknowledges the support of the following research funders:

Arts and Humanities Research Council

Horizon 2020 European Union Funding for Research & Innovation

Innovate UK

The Leverhulme Trust

Newton Fund

Wellcome

81 ANNUAL REPORT 2018–19 SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP IS AN ARTS AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH COUNCIL FUNDED INDEPENDENT RESEARCH ORGANISATION