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Contributions to Fish Fauna of the Ilıca River Fatsa/Turkey

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Contributions to Fish Fauna of the Ilıca River Fatsa/Turkey www.biodicon.com Biological Diversity and Conservation ISSN 1308-8084 Online; ISSN 1308-5301 Print 10/2 (2017) 141-154 Research article/Araştırma makalesi Contributions to fish fauna of the Ilıca River (Fatsa/Turkey) Serkan SAYGUN *1, Davut TURAN2, Filiz SAYGUN1, Murat KABADAYI1, H. Faruk YILMAZ1, Tülin ATAÇ ŞAHİN1 1 1Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ordu University, 52400 Fatsa, ordu, Turkey. 2 Department of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey Abstract This research was performed in the Ilıca River located in Fatsa (Ordu) between 2014 and 2015 years. The fish samples that brought to the laboratory by catching randomly with electroshocker from six stations in the Ilıca River were defined according to meristic and morphometric features. Thus, it was determined six cyprinid species, Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & İmamoğlu, 2006, Rhodeus amarus (Bloch 1782), Alburnus derjugini Berg, 1923, Vimba vimba (Linnaeus, 1758), Barbus tauricus Kessler, 1877 and Squalius orientalis Heckel, 1847; two species of Family Gobiidae: Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814) and Ponticola turani (Kovačić & Engin, 2008), and also one species of Salmonidae family, Salmo rizeensis Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 in the Ilıca River. Five identified species in this study were as follows. A. derjugini, R. amarus, S. orientalis, P. turani and S. rizeensis, are new record for Ilıca River. Key words: Ilıca River (Fatsa), taxonomy, inlandwater fishes, biodiversity, new record ---------- ---------- Ilıca Irmağı (Fatsa/Ordu)’nın balık faunasına katkılar Özet Bu Araştırma 2014-2015 yılları arasında Ilıca Irmağı (Fatsa/Ordu)’nda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada altı istasyondan elektroşokerle rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile yakalanarak laboratuvara getirilen balık örneklerinin türleri meristik ve morfometrik özelliklere göre belirlenmiştir. Ilıca Irmağı’nda Cyprinidae familyasından Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & İmamoğlu, 2006, Rhodeus amarus (Bloch 1782), Alburnus derjugini Berg, 1923, Vimba vimba (Linnaeus, 1758), Barbus tauricus Kessler, 1877 ve Squalius orientalis Heckel, 1847 olmak üzere altı tür, Gobiidae Familyasından Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814) ve Ponticola turani (Kovačić & Engin, 2008) olmak üzere iki tür ile yüksek kesimlerdeki istasyondan da Salmonidae familyasından Salmo rizeensis Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen beş tür A. derjugini, R. amarus, S. orientalis, P. turani ve S. rizeensis Ilıca Irmağı için yeni kayıttır. Anahtar kelimeler: Ilıca Irmağı (Fatsa/Ordu), taksonomi, iç su balıkları, biyoçeşitlilik, yeni kayıt 1. Introduction It is known that almost 71 percent of the planet’s surface is submerged beneath seawater and 97.54% of it is composed of ocean and sea (≅352 million km2) (Day, 2008). It is observed that the richness of the species in the inland waters is much more when compared in terms of fish species diversity, If the attainable freshwaters of rivers, lakes and spring waters only cover about 1% of the earth (1.5 million km2) (Shiklomanov, 1993). By looking at the world as a whole, it is reported that there are more than 32000 species of fish living in freshwater and sea regardless of the * Corresponding author / Haberleşmeden sorumlu yazar: Tel.: +904524235053/4733; Fax.: +904524235053; E-mail: [email protected] © 2008 All rights reserved / Tüm hakları saklıdır BioDiCon. 635-1216 142 Biological Diversity and Conservation – 10 / 2 (2017) distribution according to the habitats. However, it has been recorded that only 43% of totality is the fish species living in the inland waters (Nelson et al., 2016). Looked at the change in the number of fish species in the World according to data at the end of January 2017, the current number of species has been seen to be 34218 by added 7436 species in the last 20 years (Eschmeyer and Fong, 2017). Fish species number of inland waters in Turkey corresponds to approximately 3% of the totality according to Nelson et al (2016). Although this rate in totality does not make change much for freshwater fishes today, it was reported that this number changed between 368 and 377 according to two works (Kuru et al., 2014; Çiçek et al., 2016). According to the official records, there are approximately 21 streams and 7 lakes/ponds in Ordu province. There are some faunistic studies approx. 22% of the inland waters as Melet River, Turnasuyu Brook, Curi stream, Yalıköy Stream and Elekçi River which were carried out by Turan et al., 2008; Bostancı et al., 2015; Bostancı et al., 2016a; 2016b and Yılmaz, 2016, respectively. In these studies, it was reported that there are 11 species mainly from Cyprindae family, 4 species from Gobiidae family, and 1 species from Mugilidae, Bilennidae and Salmonidae families. This study was aimed to contribute to the fish fauna of Ilıca River, which one of the rivers flowing into the Black Sea in the city of Fatsa. 2. Materials and methods In the study, the fish specimens were sampled with the electroshock device and gill-nets (Emiroğlu et al., 2013) in the area between the coordinates of 41° 0.003' N - 37° 33.870' E and 40° 54.863' N - 37° 37.927' E in the Ilıca River in Fatsa County of Ordu Province (Figure 1). At least 10 fish specimens were taken from each species caught in six stations between April-May, September- October in 2014 and 2015. The taxonomic classification of fish species was done in agreement with the descriptions of Van Der Laan et al. (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Eschmeyer and Fong (2017), and GBIF (2017). Figure 1. Overview map and sampling stations on the Ilıca River After sampling, fish specimens were fixed in a 4% formaldehyde solution for species identification. Later, some meristic and morphometric characters of fishes were measured (Moyle and Cech, 2003; Bǎnǎrescu and Bogutskaya, 2003; Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007; Petrtýl et al., 2014). It was used meristic (countable) and metric (mm) characters with abbreviations in this study, as follows: Dorsal fin rays (D), Anal fin rays (A), Pectoral fin rays (P), Pelvic fin rays, Lateral line (LL); Total Length (Tl), Fork Length (Fl), Standard Length (Sl), Predorsal distance (pD), Length of head (lc), Snout length (prO), Horizontal diameter of eye (Oh), Postorbital distance (poO), Dorsal head length (Dhl), Length of Pectoral Fin (lP), Depth of dorsal fin (hD), Length of dorsal fin base (lD), Postdorsal distance Serkan SAYGUN et al., Contributions to fish fauna of the Ilıca River (Fatsa/Turkey) Biological Diversity and Conservation – 10 / 2 (2017) 143 (poD), Prepelvic distance (pV), Length of pelvic fin (lV), Preanal distance (pA), Depth of anal fin (hA), Length of anal fin base (lA), Length of caudal peduncle (lpc), Depth of caudal peduncle (hpc), Body depth (H), Interorbital distance (io). The morphometric and meristic measurements of the fish specimens obtained in the study were rated as percentage according to the standard height (Sl) and length of head (lc) (Bǎnǎrescu and Bogutskaya, 2003; Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007). Depending on the age, the size of the fish also varies. However, when proportions (for example, head length/standard length) are made between various morphometric characters, it allows biometric comparisons of fish. These give us a lot of information about them. For example, although rates of fins by head-to-body may be smaller in many fish, they may be larger in especially benthic fishes (Anonymous, 2014). Some scientists have used same rates for the biometric characters of the species in the ichthyofaunistic studies which performed. This morphometric ratios such as standart length/body depth (Sl/H), standart length/length of head (Sl/lc), length of head/ horizontal diameter of eye (lc/Oh), length of head/ interorbital distance (lc/io), interorbital distance/ horizontal diameter of eye (io/Oh) were shown according to Torcu and Mater (2000) and compared the relevant literature (Tables 1, 2 and 3). 3. Results Familia: Cyprinidae Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & İmamoğlu, 2006 English names: Colchic scraper, Banarescu’s barb, Turkish Name: Siraz Balığı Capoeta banarescui is cyprinid known to live intensely in Turkey. It is only known from northeast Turkey from the Çoruh River system, which drains through Georgia and Black Sea. It was distinguished from Capoeta tinca (Anatolian khramulya) as an independent species in 2006 (Turan et al., 2006) (Figure 2-A). Some morphometric lengths of species obtained from Ilıca River were given in Table 1 and 2. In addition to the metric data represented in Table 1, the meristics of Colchic scraper, C. banarescui, were identified as D II 8, A I 5-6, P 9-10, V 7-8, LL 70-93. The average ( ± SD), minimum and maximum values of standard lenght (Sl) obtained from the 12 specimens in the study result is as follows: 99.25 ± 3.23 mm, 75 mm and 115 mm, respectively. Lengths of barbels that are unique to this species have been measured; the average posterior mustache length was 5.83 ± 0.12 mm and anterior was 4.96 ± 0.04 mm. Moreover, ratios of some morphometric characters in C. banarescui samples are given in Table 3. Alburnus derjugini Berg, 1923 English name: Georgian shemaya Turkish Name: Çıra balığı A. derjugini was encountered abundantly in the fastest flowing parts of the Ilıca River. In addition to the metric data defined in Table 1, the meristic caharacters of Georgian shemaya, A. derjugini, were identified as D I 8-9, A I 13- 14, P 13-14, V 9-10, LL 61-69 (Figure 2-B). Rhodeus amarus (Bloch 1782) English name: European bitterling, Turkish Name: Acı Balık Rhodeus amarus is a temperate freshwater fish. It originates in Europe, ranging from the Rhone River basin in France to the Neva River in Russia (Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007). The morphometric measurements of the R. amarus (Figure 2-C) sampled from the ponds mostly in the lower parts and the waterfall-like flows parts of the Ilıca River were indicated in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
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