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Prenatal Nutrition Table of Contents
A GUIDE TO Prenatal Nutrition Table of contents Key nutrients 4 Fatigue during pregnancy 6 Constipation during pregnancy 8 Healthy calorie intake during pregnancy 10 Weight gain during pregnancy 12 Exercise during pregnancy 13 Eating fish during pregnancy 14 Eat right to sleep tight 15 Pregnancy superfoods for a super-pregnancy 18 Water: your pregnancy BFF 27 Foods and habits to avoid during pregnancy 28 Benefits of DHA and lutein during pregnancy 30 Planning to feed your baby: the benefits of breastfeeding 32 Breastfeeding tips before bringing your baby home 34 2 Welcome to this exciting time in your life Wherever you are on the path of motherhood, we know you are committed to supporting your little one with excellent nutrition. That is why we are excited to share this prenatal education guide with you. It covers everything from nutrition for you while you are pregnant and breastfeeding, to the latest science behind important nutrients for infant nutrition and development — such as lutein, DHA, and vitamin E. 3 Key Nutrients Why you and your baby need them, and where to get them During pregnancy, your blood volume is increasing and so is your baby’s. As blood quantity increases, so does your need for iron. Iron is necessary to carry oxygen to active and IRON growing cells. The daily recommended dose of iron during pregnancy is 27 mg. Iron can be absorbed more easily if iron-rich foods are eaten with vitamin C-rich foods, such as citrus fruits and tomatoes. You can get iron from eating red meats, beans, lentils, and fortified grains, and from taking an iron-fortified prenatal multivitamin. -
Caesarean Section Or Vaginal Delivery in the 21St Century
CAESAREAN SECTION OR VAGINAL DELIVERY IN THE 21ST CENTURY ntil the 20th Century, caesarean fluid embolism. The absolute risk of trans-placentally to the foetus, prepar- section (C/S) was a feared op- death with C/S in high and middle- ing the foetus to adopt its mother’s Ueration. The ubiquitous classical resource settings is between 1/2000 and microbiome. C/S interferes with neonatal uterine incision meant high maternal 1/4000 (2, 3). In subsequent pregnancies, exposure to maternal vaginal and skin mortality from bleeding and future the risk of placenta previa, placenta flora, leading to colonization with other uterine rupture. Even with aseptic surgi- accreta and uterine rupture is increased. environmental microbes and an altered cal technique, sepsis was common and These conditions increase maternal microbiome. Routine antibiotic exposure lethal without antibiotics. The operation mortality and severe maternal morbid- with C/S likely alters this further. was used almost solely to save the life of ity cumulatively with each subsequent Microbial exposure and the stress of a mother in whom vaginal delivery was C/S. This is of particular importance to labour also lead to marked activation extremely dangerous, such as one with women having large families. of immune system markers in the cord placenta previa. Foetal death and the use blood of neonates born vaginally or by of intrauterine foetal destructive proce- Maternal Benefits C/S after labour. These changes are absent dures, which carry their own morbidity, C/S has a modest protective effect against in the cord blood of neonates born by were often preferable to C/S. -
1063 Relation Between Vaginal Hiatus and Perineal Body
1063 Campanholi V1, Sanches M1, Zanetti M R D1, Alexandre S1, Resende A P M1, Petricelli C D1, Nakamura M U1 1. Unifesp- Brasil RELATION BETWEEN VAGINAL HIATUS AND PERINEAL BODY LENGTHS WITH EPISIOTOMY IN VAGINAL DELIVERY Hypothesis / aims of study The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between vaginal hiatus and perineal body lengths with the occurrence of episiotomy during vaginal delivery. Study design, materials and methods It´s a cross-sectional observational study with a consecutive sample of 60 parturients, made from July 2009 to March 2010 in the Obstetric Center at University Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Inclusion criteria were parturients at term (37 to 42 weeks gestation) in the first stage of labour, with less than 9 cm dilatation, with a single fetus in cephalic presentation and good vitality confirmed by cardiotocography. Exclusion criteria were parturients submitted to cesarean section or forceps delivery. The patients were evaluated in the lithotomic position. The measurement was performed in the first stage of labour, by the same examiner using a metric measuring tape previously cleaned with alcohol 70% and discarded after each use. The vaginal hiatus length (distance between the external urethral meatus and the vulvar fourchette) and the perineal body (distance between the vulvar fourchette and the center of the anal orifice) were evaluated. For statistical analysis the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 17® was used, applying Mann-Whitney Test and Spearman Rank Correlation Test to determine the importance of vaginal hiatus and perineal body length in the occurrence of episiotomy, with p<0.05. -
Prenatal Vitamins and the Risk of Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
nutrients Review Prenatal Vitamins and the Risk of Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Catherine Friel 1,*, Alastair H. Leyland 1, Jana J. Anderson 2, Alexandra Havdahl 3,4,5, Tiril Borge 6, Michal Shimonovich 1 and Ruth Dundas 1 1 Medical Research Council/Chief Science Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK; [email protected] (A.H.L.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (R.D.) 2 Public Health Research Group, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK; [email protected] 3 Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 222 Skoyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] 4 Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Postboks 4970 Nydalen, 0440 Oslo, Norway 5 Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Boks 1072 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 6 Division for Health Services, Cluster of Reviews and Health Technology Assessments, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skoyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Prenatal nutrition is associated with offspring autism spectrum disorder (herein referred to as autism), yet, it remains unknown if the association is causal. Triangulation may improve causal inference by integrating the results of conventional multivariate regression with several alternative approaches that have unrelated sources of bias. We systematically reviewed the literature on the Citation: Friel, C.; Leyland, A.H.; relationship between prenatal multivitamin supplements and offspring autism, and evidence for Anderson, J.J.; Havdahl, A.; Borge, T.; the causal approaches applied. -
Maternit GENOME
Sequenom Laboratories Lab Report 3595 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121 Tel: 877.821.7266 GENOME CLIA #: 05D2015356 CAP #: 7527138 FINAL REPORT Ordering Provider: XXXX, XXXX Patient: XXXX, XXXX Provider Location: XXXXX DOB: XX/XX/XXXX Provider Phone: 555-555-5555 Patient ID: 12345-01234 Date Ordered: XX/XX/XXXX Specimen: 0123456789 Date Collected: XX/XX/XXXX Referral Clinician: XXXX, XXXX Date Received: XX/XX/XXXX Lab Director: XXXX, XXXX Order ID: 12345-01234 Date Reported: XX/XX/XXXX 00:00 PM PT Test Result Negative Fetal sex consistent with female Laboratory Director’s Comments Genome-wide analysis of this specimen did not detect gains or losses of chromosomal material suggestive of whole chromosome aneuploidies, subchromosomal duplications or deletions ≥7 Mb, or select microdeletions ranging in size below 7Mb. A negative result does not ensure an unaffected pregnancy. Please refer to the “Performance” and “Limitations of the Test” sections of this laboratory report for additional information. E Fetal Fraction: 12% L Result Table Content Result AUTOSOMAL ANEUPLOIDIES Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) P Negative Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) Negative Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) Negative Other autosomal aneuploidies Negative SEX CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOIDIES Fetal sex M Consistent with female Monosomy X (Turner syndrome) Negative XYY (Jacobs syndrome) Negative XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) Negative XXX (Triple X Asyndrome) Negative GENOME-WIDE COPY NUMBER VARIANTS ≥7 Mb Gains/Losses ≥7 Mb Negative SELECT MICRODELETIONS 22q11 deletion (associated with DiGeorgeS syndrome) Negative 15q11 deletion (associated with Prader-Willi / Angelman syndrome) Negative 11q23 deletion (associated with Jacobsen syndrome) Negative 8q24 deletion (associated with Langer-Giedion syndrome) Negative 5p15 deletion (associated with Cri-du-chat syndrome) Negative 4p16 deletion (associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome) Negative 1p36 deletion syndrome Negative Sequenom® and MaterniT™ are trademarks of Sequenom. -
Nutrition for a Healthy Pregnancy
Nutrition for a Healthy Pregnancy Healthy eating plays a very important role in a healthy pregnancy. Eating a well balanced diet gives your baby healthy nutrients to grow and develop. Eating foods from a variety of sources will help ensure you get all the vitamins, minerals and nutrients you and your developing baby need. Eating well will also help you feel better, give you more energy and help you gain a healthy amount of weight. It also helps lower your risk of having health problems such as low iron or high blood pressure. Healthy Eating Guidelines Aim for three meals a day with healthy snacks in between. Eat a variety of healthy foods each day by following Canada’s Food Guide (for more information visit www.Canada.ca/FoodGuide): Get your energy from healthy foods such as vegetables and fruit, whole grains, lower fat milk, cheese & yogurt, lean meats and legumes (beans, peas, lentils). Limit foods high in fat, sugar and salt like chips, salted pretzels, candy, sweetened beverages, cakes and cookies. Drink water regularly to satisfy your thirst. During your 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, you need some additional calories each day to support the growth of your baby. Eat “twice as healthy” not “twice as much.” One extra snack is often enough. The following are examples of nutritious snacks or foods to add to a meal: o Have an apple and cheese or yogurt and fresh fruit or hummus with vegetable sticks as an afternoon snack o Have an extra slice of toast at breakfast and an extra glass of milk at supper o Have an extra morning snack of fruit with yogurt and an extra serving of vegetables with supper o Have an extra glass of milk with lunch and supper o Have an extra afternoon or evening snack of whole grain cereal with milk and sliced fruit or chopped nuts o Have an extra afternoon snack of half a sandwich or whole grain toast with nut butter and fruit Take a prenatal multivitamin every day. -
Cell‐Free DNA Screening in Twin Pregnancies
Received: 22 January 2020 Revised: 11 July 2020 Accepted: 13 July 2020 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5797 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cell-free DNA screening in twin pregnancies: A more accurate and reliable screening tool Jason Chibuk1 | Jill Rafalko1 | Theresa Boomer2 | Ron McCullough2 | Graham McLennan2 | Philip Wyatt3 | Eyad Almasri2 1Sequenom Inc., A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Abstract Holdings, San Diego, California Objective: Outcome data from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening in twin gestations 2 Sequenom Laboratories, A Wholly Owned are limited. This study adds an appreciable number of confirmed outcomes to the lit- Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, San Diego, California erature, and assesses performance of cfDNA screening in twins over a 4.5-year 3Department of Biochemical Genetics, period at one large clinical laboratory. Integrated Genetics, a member of the LabCorp Specialty Testing Group, Santa Fe, New Method: Prenatal cytogenetic and SNP microarray results were cross-referenced Mexico with cfDNA results for twin pregnancies, yielding 422 matched cases. Using diagnos- Correspondence tic results as truth, performance of cfDNA screening in this population was assessed. Jill Rafalko, Sequenom Inc., A Wholly Owned Results: Of the 422 twin pregnancies with both cfDNA and diagnostic results, 3 spec- Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, 3400 Computer Drive, imens failed amniocyte analysis, and 48 samples (11.5%) were nonreportable from Westborough, MA, 01581. the initial cfDNA draw. Analysis of the 371 reportable samples demonstrated a col- Email: [email protected] lective sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 93.2% for trisomies 21/18/13. Positive predictive values (PPVs) in this study population, which is enriched for aneuploidy, were 78.7%, 84.6%, and 66.7% for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, respectively. -
In Re Sequenom, Inc. Stockholder Litigation 16-CV-02054-Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint
Case 3:16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM Document 54 Filed 07/24/17 PageID.915 Page 1 of 59 1 ROBBINS GELLER RUDMAN & DOWD LLP 2 MICHAEL J. DOWD (135628) RANDALL J. BARON (150796) 3 DAVID T. WISSBROECKER (243867) DAVID A. KNOTTS (235338) 4 655 West Broadway, Suite 1900 San Diego, CA 92101 5 Telephone: 619/231-1058 619/231-7423 (fax) 6 [email protected] [email protected] 7 [email protected] [email protected] 8 Lead Counsel for Plaintiff 9 [Additional counsel appear on signature page.] 10 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 11 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 12 In re SEQUENOM, INC. ) Lead Case No. 16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM 13 STOCKHOLDER LITIGATION ) ) CLASS ACTION 14 ) ) 15 CONSOLIDATED AMENDED CLASS This Document Relates To: ) ACTION COMPLAINT ) 16 ) ALL ACTIONS. ) 17 ) JURY TRIAL DEMAND 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1272847_2 Case 3:16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM Document 54 Filed 07/24/17 PageID.916 Page 2 of 59 1 SUBSTANTIVE ALLEGATIONS 2 Lead Plaintiff James Reilly (“Plaintiff”), by the undersigned attorneys, 3 individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, respectfully brings this 4 direct class action complaint for violations of §§14(e) and 20(a) of the Securities 5 Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) against the herein named defendants and 6 allege the following: 7 SUMMARY OF THE ACTION 8 1. This is a stockholder class action brought on behalf of the former holders 9 of Sequenom, Inc. (“Sequenom” or the “Company”) common stock against Sequenom 10 and its Board of Directors (the “Board” or the “Individual Defendants”). -
The Stunted Development of in Vitro Fertilization in the United States, 1975-1992
EMBRYONIC POLICIES: THE STUNTED DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES, 1975-1992 Erin N. McKenna A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2006 Committee: Dr. Leigh Ann Wheeler, Advisor Dr. Walter Grunden ii Abstract The federal government’s failure to fund research on in vitro fertilization has had an important legacy and significant consequences in the United States. Due to the dismantling of the Ethics Advisory Board in 1980, no government funding was provided for research for in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfer (ET), and gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT). The lack of government funding, regulation, and involvement has resulted in the false advertising of higher success rates to lure patients into the infertility specialists’ offices. In their desperation to have children, consumers of such medical technologies paid exorbitant fees that often remained uncovered by insurance companies. The federal government enacted legislation in 1992 attempting to alleviate some of the aspects of exploitation of the consumer-patient. The government’s recognition of the importance of such procedures was hit and miss, though, much like the reproductive technology itself. The legacy is one that has resulted in American citizens who now turn to developing countries such as Israel and India, where the treatment is drastically cheaper and often more effective. I attempt to explain the federal government’s response to New Reproductive Technologies (NRTs), beginning with in vitro fertilization, thus exploring why and how this debate has inextricably been linked to the ongoing abortion debate. -
A Guide to Obstetrical Coding Production of This Document Is Made Possible by Financial Contributions from Health Canada and Provincial and Territorial Governments
ICD-10-CA | CCI A Guide to Obstetrical Coding Production of this document is made possible by financial contributions from Health Canada and provincial and territorial governments. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of Health Canada or any provincial or territorial government. Unless otherwise indicated, this product uses data provided by Canada’s provinces and territories. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may be reproduced unaltered, in whole or in part and by any means, solely for non-commercial purposes, provided that the Canadian Institute for Health Information is properly and fully acknowledged as the copyright owner. Any reproduction or use of this publication or its contents for any commercial purpose requires the prior written authorization of the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Reproduction or use that suggests endorsement by, or affiliation with, the Canadian Institute for Health Information is prohibited. For permission or information, please contact CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information 495 Richmond Road, Suite 600 Ottawa, Ontario K2A 4H6 Phone: 613-241-7860 Fax: 613-241-8120 www.cihi.ca [email protected] © 2018 Canadian Institute for Health Information Cette publication est aussi disponible en français sous le titre Guide de codification des données en obstétrique. Table of contents About CIHI ................................................................................................................................. 6 Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................................. -
Kentucky Prenatal Nutrition Guide Second Trimester 14 Weeks-28 Weeks
Kentucky Prenatal Nutrition Guide Second Trimester 14 weeks-28 weeks 1st trimester 2nd trimester 3rd trimester NUTRITION Eating for a Healthy Baby The kinds of food you eat are as important as how much you eat. To make sure you are getting enough of the right foods for proper weight gain and growth of the baby, choose from all five food groups in “MyPlate”. It is helpful to plan meals and snacks in advance. Eating healthy snacks can help you meet your daily nutritional needs for pregnancy. Remember to take your prenatal vitamin daily. Good Snack Choices Choose More Often Choose Less Often Fresh Fruit Fresh Vegetables Pudding Dried Fruit Lowfat yogurt Unbuttered popcorn Cheese Ice Cream Vegetable Juice Skim/1% Milk Nuts Instant Breakfast WIC Cereals Reduced Fat Cheese Shakes Peanut Butter Eggs Whole or 2% Milk Weight Gain in Pregnancy Weight gain during pregnancy is very important. The right amount of weight gain can help prevent having a baby who is too small or may have medical problems. Women need to gain 25-35 pounds during pregnancy. Underweight women need to gain 28-40 pounds and overweight and obese women will need to gain 11-25 pounds during the pregnancy. Women expecting twins will need to gain more, about 35—45 pounds. During the 2nd trimester you can expect to gain about ½ to 1½ pounds per week. Losing weight during pregnancy is not recommended. For baby‟s health and development, wait until baby is born to start your weight loss. YOUR BABY‟S HEALTH Tobacco, alcohol and drugs A healthy baby is the one whose mother does not use tobacco, drugs or alcohol. -
Pregnancy Tracker
Women’sPregnancy WelcomeHealth Specialists Packet #5 Pregnancy Tracker It can be confusing to figure out “how far along” you are. A normal pregnancy is dated most times by a patient’s last menstrual period. If a patient is uncertain of when her last menstrual period occurred than an ultrasound may be used to date the pregnancy. A normal pregnancy lasts 42 weeks and your due date is 40 weeks from your last menstrual period. A full term pregnancy is any pregnancy beyond 37 weeks. What to Expect Each Month of Your Pregnancy Office Hours: Our office hours are 9:00-12:00 and 1:00-4:00 Monday through Friday. We are closed on the weekends. If you need to reach a doctor after hours or on the weekend please dial 770-474-0064 and instructions will be given. Calculating Your Due Date The estimated date of delivery (EDD), also known as your due date, is most often calculated from the first day of your last menstrual period. In order to estimate your due date take the date that your last normal menstrual cycle started, add 7 days and count back 3 months. Pregnancy is assumed to have occurred 2 weeks after your last cycle and therefore 2 weeks are added to the beginning of your pregnancy. Pregnancy actually lasts 10 months (40 weeks) and not 9 months. Most women go into labor within 2 weeks of their due date either before or after their actual EDD. For more information, please visit www.girldocs.com First Month (0-4 weeks) Fetal Growth Your Health Sperm fertilizes the egg in one of the fallopian tubes and During this time it is important you take a multivitamin then 5-7 days later the fertilized egg implants (attaches) supplement that contains folic acid 0.4 milligrams daily.