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How Eleanor Roosevelt Presented Her Views on the United Nations and Its Challenge In

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How Eleanor Roosevelt Presented Her Views on the United Nations and Its Challenge In ! Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication Her Prospects of Mankind: How Eleanor Roosevelt presented her views on the United Nations and its challenge in the Congo on the medium Television Marit Buddenbaum (417743mb) In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Global History and International Relations, with supervision of Hilde Harmsen MA History of Society, 2014-2016 Buddenbaum 1 To my Dad, Ed Buddenbaum, who graduated from this exact masters 32 years ago and married my mom that same year, And to my fiancé, Thijs Verheul, who during the particular period of thesis writing decided to propose and made history repeat. The illustration on the title page is a composition of screenshots from Prospects of Mankind’s episode ‘Congo: Challenge to the United Nations.’ Her Prospects of Mankind 2 Preface Did I ever tell you the story of how Eleanor Roosevelt saved my uncle’s life? I heard that sentence halfway through my research, while I was at the FDR Library in Hyde Park, New York. One morning at the Golden Manor Motel right across the street, I decided to have an all American breakfast – donuts, coffee and Tropicana orange juice included – when an older couple was having coffee at the table next to me. Tim Walsch (72 years old) was excited to start the story to his wife Ruth Tepper (62 years old), when she replied: ‘Oh Tim, I hear it every time we get here…’ He almost did not continue, so I stepped in and asked them everything about the American first lady and how she did save his uncle’s life. You might want to know that I am as shy as Eleanor Roosevelt herself was in her younger years, but I am happy I asked, because Tim, excited to have a new listener, said that the story was a real postwar tragedy. His uncle was a veteran who had returned cripple after the war and could not do the job he had always done: mailman. Tim’s uncle had a wife and two children to sustain, so in desperate need of an income Tim’s grandmother wrote a letter to Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt – whom she always listened to on the radio – asking for help. Mrs. Roosevelt was ‘of course way too busy’ at the time to reply to her immediately, but 3 months later the former first lady had sent the family a reply in which she advised him to walk by the train station and ask this and this person for a job. Tim could not remember the exact names anymore, but after mentioning Mrs. Roosevelt, his uncle was hired and served a great many years behind a service desk at the station near his home. The story goes that without this tip of Mrs. Roosevelt, it could have taken him years to find a job and the family would not have survived that long. Since then, Tim and his entire family visit the Eleanor and Franklin Delano Roosevelt Presidential Site annually, to honor the former president and especially his wife Eleanor. Tim had many stories to tell, which made history come alive to me. Ruth was there for the funny side notes on the stories, which she must have heard millions of times when visiting the Roosevelts. Therefore they are the first people I would like to thank: Tim Walsh and Ruth Walsch-Tepper, without whom Eleanor Roosevelt would not have become so alive. But in the particular period of thesis writing, there are many more people and institutes to thank for their involvement, hospitality and ever-encouraging support. To start on a formal note, I would like to thank Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Roosevelt Study Center in Middelburg and the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Library in New York, the residences that aided me from the first sentence to the last word. I would like to extend my list of acknowledgements by thanking a befriended professor who will not expect me to mention her here: Dr. Anya Luscombe. One year ago, I started to read all about Eleanor Roosevelt, in quest of a worksome research question for my Thesis Proposal. It was in that month that I discovered my former Journalism teacher had written an article about Eleanor Roosevelt and the radio with an innovative method to research Eleanor Roosevelt’s radio performances. I remember Anya and I once talked about Eleanor Roosevelt and how hard she could be on herself during a conversation in which I was critical of some work I had just handed in. But I did Buddenbaum 3 not know Anya’s research interests were with the media expert and former first lady and even though I was too critical of my work to hand-in even a simple draft in advance, Anya Luscombe’s article and passion for Eleanor Roosevelt helped me to develop my own research, in method and in meaning. I realized there were only a few scholars in the Netherlands who had done thorough research to the Eleanor Roosevelt, making it possible for me to meet nearly all of them. Especially after I got the chance to enter the Honors Program and design an additional curriculum next to the MA’s regular one, doors opened when I expressed my wish to start a research about Eleanor Roosevelt thoroughly and gained some extra time to do so. I dedicated this time to deepen the knowledge needed for writing a thesis dealing with multiple disciplines. I took three additional courses: one on Human Rights in International Law at the Erasmus School of Law, a second entitled New Media and Politics at the Erasmus School of Communication and a summer school in South Africa on African International Relations which was jointly provided by the London School of Economics and the University of Cape Town. All of these courses individually provided specific insights and background information, which combined strengthened my research focus that aided me in finding unrevealed (read: unpublished) information on the former first lady. This made writing this thesis particularly exciting, especially with the prospect in mind that I had to write an extra master’s product to complete the honors curriculum and travelled to the FDR Library in New York where I had the opportunity to work as a visiting scholar, look beyond the scope of my thesis and could write my thesis and EMP on the site that used to be Eleanor Roosevelt’s home. It turned out that the Korean War and her approach to its resolution were similar to what she believed to be acceptable measures in resolving the Congo Crisis, for which I attached the extra piece in the first appendix of my thesis, and give everyone reading my thesis easy access to it. For this thesis, I have met an amazing group of individuals that are interlinked and befriended with each other, and with me, via the Roosevelts. I have met colleagues in Middelburg and New York, where all have always been supportive, kind and energizing. First of all, Dr. David Woolner: thank you so much. I remember this one day at the Roosevelt Presidential Site, where Dr. Woolner and I would meet for a cup of coffee. Nervous as I was to meet him at first, the fact that the restaurant had already closed when we got there, broke the ice. We discussed why I had travelled all the way to New York in search of evidences, transcripts and other sources, when so much can be found online. I told him that I was simply curious, and that I knew that I could find the perfect transcript I needed here – the transcript of the Prospects of Mankind episode on the Congo Crisis - but that I also found so much more already. The kindest sentence followed, when he said that he had never met anyone who researched the Roosevelts who wasn’t kind and warm. ‘Not one bad bone in their bodies.’ He said that he would support my research – as I am a friend of the Roosevelt Study Center in Middelburg – and pay for my copies. I met him after three days of research, and naively hadn’t known that copying would cost me $0,20 a page. So up until today I wonder whether he knew in advance how many pages I had and have had copied in his Library... Even after summer Dr. Woolner’s colleague, Matthew Her Prospects of Mankind 4 Hanson, helped me out tracing documents that were not (yet) part of the Roosevelt’s digital collection, and therefore I would like to thank Matt too for his support and encouraging words throughout my study. And also for helping me get in contact with the archivist of the JFK Library in Washington, Mrs. Abigail Malangone, when I noticed the correspondence between Eleanor Roosevelt and President John F. Kennedy was critical for understanding their fragile relationship and some topics and guest lists for Prospects of Mankind. The majority of my time I spent in the Roosevelt Study Center, and I would like to thank Leontien Joosse, Dario Fazzi and all their interns that worked there this year, for making me feel wholeheartedly welcome to drop by. To Dario Fazzi, a threefold thank you. He guided, supported and challenged me when he was my internship supervisor. He did too as my unofficial second reader whom knew so much about the life and mission of Eleanor Roosevelt that it would have been impossible to interpret any source wrong. A special thanks for lending me his draft book, A Voice of Conscience, which I read with joy and eagerness to learn.
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