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Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh Bangladesh National Implementation Plan (NIP) For Management of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Prepared under UNDP Project BGD/02/G31/1G/99 Bangladesh: Preparation of the POPs National Implementation Plan under the Stockholm Convention Department of Environment (DoE) Ministry of Environment and Forests Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh January 2007 Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh Acknowledgements This National Implementation Plan (NIP) has been developed under the contract for Project BGD/02/G31/IG/99 Bangladesh: Preparation of the POPs National Implementation Plan under the Stockholm Convention (POPs, NIP), Department of Environment (DoE). The Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh received a grant for this enabling activity from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) (US$495,075) and contributed in-kind support (equivalent to US$147,200). The GEF Implementation Agency for this project is the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Project team Dr. Khandakar Rashedul Haque-DG, DoE & POPs Focal Point Mr. Khan M. Ibrahim Hossain – Ex-DG, DoE & POPs Focal Point Ms. Afrin Akter – National Project Director (July 2005-till date) Mr. Q.S.I. Hashmi – National Project Director (April 2003 – June 2005) Dr. Hirendr Kumar Das – Project Manager (July 2005 –December 2006); U-POPs Consultant (October 2004 – July 2005) Dr. M.A. Malek – Project Manager (April 2004 – April 2005) Md. Abdul Mannan – PCBs Consultant Quazi Tafazzal Hossain – Pesticides Consultant Dr. Khairul Bashar – POPs Wastes Management Consultant Md. Zahid Hossain – Legal Expert Muhammad Zahid Hossain – Public Awareness Specialist Mr. Morshed Ahmed – Cost and Funding Consultant AKM Gulam Hussain-Socio –economic Consequences of POPs Management Mr. Naren Das- Draft Legistations on POPs Pesticide, PCBs, and Dioxins & Furans Environment, Agriculture and Development Services Ltd. – Inventory Consultants Resource Futures International – International Consultants Prof. Dr. Nilufar Nahar-Chief Research Investigator- Survey & Research on DDT and PCB in food items and environmental samples. Media Plus- TV documentary on Research and TV Airing DN Creation- TV documentary on POPs Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. VIII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................... XXXV 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ..................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 Intentionally produced (Annex A and B) POPs ..................................................................... 3 1.1.2 By-producsts (Annex C) POPs ............................................................................................... 5 1.1.3 POPs stockpiles and wastes ................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4 Research and monitoring ....................................................................................................... 7 1.1.5 Education, outreach and training .......................................................................................... 8 1.1.6 General, administrative and reporting requirements ............................................................ 9 1.1.7 Adding POPs to Convention lists ........................................................................................... 9 1.1.8 National plans ........................................................................................................................ 9 1.2 PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS ............................................................................................ 10 1.2.1 What are POPs? .................................................................................................................. 10 1.2.2 Health effects ....................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.3 Exposure pathways .............................................................................................................. 15 1.2.4 POPs “life-cycle” management in the context of the sound management of chemicals...... 16 2.0 THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH—COUNTRY BASELINE-------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---18 2.1 COUNTRY PROFILE ........................................................................................................................ 18 2.1.1 Geography and population .................................................................................................. 18 2.1.2 Political and economic profile ............................................................................................. 22 2.1.3 Profiles of economic sectors ................................................................................................ 27 2.1.4 Environmental overview ...................................................................................................... 36 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL, POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK. .......................................................... 42 2.2.1 Environmental policy, sustainable development policy and general legislative framework ............................................................................................................................................. 43 2.2.2 Roles and responsibilities of ministries, agencies and other governmental institutions involved in POPs life cycles ................................................................................................. 50 2.2.3 Relevant international, regional and bilateral commitments and obligations ..................... 56 2.2.4 Description of existing policies, legislation and regulations addressing POPs (Manufactured chemicals and unintentionally produced POPs) ......................................... 58 2.2.5 Key approaches and procedures for POPs chemicals and pesticide management including enforcement and monitoring requirements .......................................................................... 69 2.3 ASSESSMENT OF THE POPS ISSUE IN BANGLADESH ..................................................................... 78 2.3.1 Assessment with respect to Annex A, part 1 chemicals (POPs pesticides) .......................... 78 2.3.2 Assessment with respect to Annex A, part II chemicals (PCBs)........................................... 92 2.3.3 Assessment with respect to Annex B chemicals (DDT) ...................................................... 104 2.3.4 Assessment of releases from unintentional production of Annex C chemicals (PCDD/PCDF, HCB and PCBs) ....................................................................................... 108 2.3.5 Information on the state of knowledge on stockpiles, contaminated sites and wastes ....... 129 2.3.6 Summary of future production, use and releases of POPs—requirements for exemptions 150 2.3.7 Existing programmes for monitoring releases and environmental and human health impacts, including findings ................................................................................................ 150 2.3.8 Current level of information, awareness, and education among target groups, existing systems to communicate such information to the various groups; mechanism for information exchange with other Parties to the Convention ............................................. 160 2.3.9 Relevant activities of non-governmental stakeholders ....................................................... 162 - iii - Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh 2.3.10 Overview of technical infrastructure for POPs assessment, measurement, analysis, alternatives and prevention measures, management, research and development-linkage to international programmes and projects .................................................................................................. 162 2.3.11 Identification of impacted populations or environments, estimated scale and magnitude of threats to public health and environmental quality and social implications for workers and local communities .............................................................................................................. 165 2.3.12. Details of any relevant system for assessment and listing of new chemicals ......................... 165 2.3.13 Details of any relevant system for the assessment and regulation of chemicals already in the market .......................................................................................................................... 165 3.0 STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN ELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------166 3.1 POLICY STATEMENT .................................................................................................................... 166 3.2. IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY ..........................................................................................................
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