Acta entomologica serbica, 2013, 18(1/2): 95-127 UDC 595.768.1(497.11-751.2) THE LONGHORN BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) OF THE ĐERDAP NATIONAL PARK (SERBIA) NASTAS ILIĆ1, SREĆKO ĆURČIĆ2* and DEJAN STOJANOVIĆ3, 4 1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Blagoja Parovića 156, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia *E-mail: [email protected] 3 University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 4 Fruška Gora National Park, Zmajev Trg 1, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia Abstract Over the period of 1991-2012 a total of 1,415 adult specimens of longhorn beetles were collected during 54 field trips to the territory of the Đerdap National Park (eastern Serbia). Most specimens were caught at Tekija, in the vicinity of the village of Miroč (Mt. Miroč), Donji Milanovac, and Kazan - Ploče, while a somewhat lower number was registered at sites in Kladovo, Golubac, Liškovac, Dobra, and Mt. Miroč (with no precise sublocality). The specimens were mostly collected by hand and entomological net, but a significant number of specimens were collected by wine and pitfall traps, a mercury-containing light bulb, and rearing. Several different sites were investigated in the studied area, including meadows, forest clearings, dense deciduous forest, numerous woodpiles, and cut trunks of deciduous trees. Altogether 104 species and 43 subspecies from 55 genera, 31 tribes, and six subfamilies of longhorn beetles were found to inhabit the investigated locality. The highest number of species and subspecies is registered within the subfamilies Cerambycinae (40 species and 16 subspecies), Lepturinae (32 species and 15 subspecies), and Lamiinae (27 species and 11 subspecies). One longhorn beetle species is cited as new for eastern Serbia. Data from eastern Serbia are recorded for seven species for the second time. Twenty-nine cerambycid species are recognized as rare in Serbia. A single subspecies is Balkan endemic. Thirty-six species are recorded for the first time for the Đerdap National Park. Seven species and two subspecies are protected both nationally and internationally. The cerambycids of eastern Serbia have been insufficiently studied until now and additional investigations are necessary in the area studied. KEY WORDS: longhorn beetles, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, diversity, Đerdap National Park, eastern Serbia 96 N. ILIĆ et al. Introduction The collecting of longhorn beetles has a long tradition in Serbia, beginning in the mid-XIX century. At the end of the XIX century Bobić and Jakšić collected cerambycid beetles, but their collections have since been destroyed. BOBIĆ (1891) presented the first data on longhorn beetles from Serbia (18 species) caught in Kruševac and its surroundings. KOŠANIN (1904) reported 72 Cerambycidae species from different locations in Serbia. ADAMOVIĆ (1965) cited 200 cerambycid species from Serbia after the analysis of the material from the Natural History Museum in Belgrade and his own collection of around 6,000 specimens. MIKŠIĆ & GEORGIJEVIĆ (1971, 1973) and MIKŠIĆ & KORPIČ (1985) presented a review of longhorn beetles from the former Yugoslavia, where they reported 141 species from Serbia. ĆURČIĆ et al. (2003) investigated the collection of the Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, where they found 49 cerambycid species from Serbia. MILOŠEVIĆ (2003) in her M.Sc. thesis reported a few rare longhorn beetle species which she found by rearing from dry oak branches collected in the Đerdap National Park. ILIĆ (2005) has analyzed more than 12,000 longhorn beetle specimens from collections of numerous museums and his own private collection and has reported 242 species from Serbia. PIL & STANKOVIĆ (2006) have mentioned 30 longhorn beetle species from the Zasavica Special Nature Reserve (northwestern Serbia). PLEĆAŠ & PAVIĆEVIĆ (2007) presented data for 98 species of Cerambycidae inhabiting Mt. Avala near Belgrade. PIL & STOJANOVIĆ (2008) gathered previously published data and reported new data on Cerambycidae from Mt. Fruška Gora (northern Serbia), where they reported 126 species. The same authors later discovered an additional longhorn beetle species new for Serbian fauna (PIL & STOJANOVIĆ, 2009). GNJATOVIĆ & ŽIKIĆ (2010) gave data for 49 longhorn beetle species inhabiting southeastern Serbia, among which three were new for the investigated area. The same authors afterwards published additional data on longhorn beetles from Serbia and Montenegro, with the records of 24 species (GNJATOVIĆ & ŽIKIĆ, 2011). RAPUZZI & SAMA (2012) recently described a new cerambycid species for science, which is partially distributed in Serbia. ČKRKIĆ (2012) presented the faunistic review of Cerambycidae from western Serbia, containing data for 111 species. STANČIĆ (2013) reported 59 longhorn beetle species from Ram-Golubac Sands. Finally, ILIĆ & ĆURČIĆ (2013) reported a total of 94 longhorn beetle species from Mt. Rtanj (Eastern Serbia), among which eight were new for eastern Serbia. Previous knowledge of Cerambycidae of the Đerdap Gorge was relatively scarce. KOŠANIN (1904) reported two species, MIKŠIĆ (1963) five, ADAMOVIĆ (1965) seven (among them one is collected out of the National Park, but within the Đerdap Gorge area), MIKŠIĆ & KORPIČ (1985) two, MILOŠEVIĆ (2003) three, while ILIĆ (2005) has presented data on 62 species of longhorn beetles, which represents the current number of species registered there so far. Other data on Cerambycidae from the investigated site are lacking. Material and Methods With its picturesque hilly-mountainous configuration and no significant industrial and chemical pollution (Fig. 1), the area of the Đerdap National Park is both preserved and protected. The longhorn beetle sampling in the Đerdap National Park was performed from 1991 to 2012 by the first and third authors of this paper (54 visits). Material about 1,415 longhorn beetle specimens was collected from May to September at the following sites in the Đerdap National Park: Golubac (EQ 54), Dobra (EQ 74), Kazan - Ploče (FQ 04), Donji Milanovac (EQ 82), Liškovac (EQ 82), the vicinity of the village of Miroč, Mt. Miroč (FQ 03), Mt. Miroč (with no precise sublocality) (FQ 03), Tekija (FQ 14), and Kladovo (FQ 24) (Fig. 2). A few specimens were caught in the Đerdap Gorge, but the precise locality wasn’t mentioned. The altitude of The longhorn beetles of the Đerdap NP (Serbia) 97 the investigated localities ranges from 49 to 803 m a.s.l. Deciduous forests with beech, Turkey oak, hornbeam, linden, hawthorn, hazel and nut are dominant there. Certain conifers are sporadically present (pine and fir), while willow and poplar are dominant near the banks of the Danube River. The terrain at ascents is calcareous karst. Figure 1. A view of the Đerdap National Park Figure 2. UTM map of the Đerdap National Park with (photo Milan Đurić, 2012). shaded squares covering localities where material was collected. The climate in the investigated area is continental, with a strong influence of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. The weather conditions during our visits were optimal for field trip activities, mostly sunny and warm, but with periods of squalls and storms. Otherwise the area is characterized by sudden weather changes. Most specimens were collected manually from flowers, leaves and tree barks, in woodpiles, or by entomological net. Additionally, a number of specimens was caught in wine traps hanging mostly on branches of deciduous trees (seldom on branches of conifers), 6-8 m above ground. Some specimens were found using 9% alcoholic vinegar in buried pitfall traps. A lesser number of specimens was collected by a mercury-containing light bulb at night and by rearing in the laboratory. The entire collected entomological material is deposited in the private collections of the first and third authors of the study. Determination of the collected entomological material was done using the following publications: HARDE (1966), MIKŠIĆ & GEORGIJEVIĆ (1971, 1973), VILLIERS (1978), MIKŠIĆ & KORPIČ (1985), and BENSE (1995). Classification was performed as in DANILEVSKY (2013). Abbreviations used in Tab. II: RDPW - species/subspecies protected by the Rulebook on the Declaration and Protection of Protected and Strictly Protected Wild Species of Plants, Animals and Fungi of the Republic of Serbia; IUCN - species/subspecies from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; EU - species/subspecies included in the Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora; BERN - species listed in the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats; P - protected species/subspecies; SP - strictly protected species/subspecies; VU - vulnerable species/subspecies; LC - least concern species; NT - near threatened species; Ann. II - species/subspecies of community interest whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation; Ann. IV - species of community interest in need of strict protection; App. II - strictly protected species. 98 N. ILIĆ et al. Results and Discussion During the research in the Đerdap National Park (54 field trips from 1991 until 2012) a total of 104 species and 43 subspecies of longhorn beetles belonging to 55 genera, 31 tribes and six subfamilies were collected. All the recorded taxa are listed below. The highest number of species and subspecies is registered within the