Ryefield, Dalry Project KHAP 103 Project Report 2016
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Ryefield, Dalry Project KHAP 103 Project Report 2016 by Diane Brown and Ralph Shuttleworth Issued April 2017 Copyright © 2017 Diane Brown and Ralph Shuttleworth. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be copied or reproduced by any means without prior written permission from the authors. Page 2 of 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3 Location ........................................................................................................................... 3 Context and Aims of the Project ....................................................................................... 4 Context ............................................................................................................................. 4 Aims .................................................................................................................................. 4 Part I: Historic Environment Desk-based Assessment ........................................................ 5 Desk-based Assessment .................................................................................................... 5 Methodology ................................................................................................................. 5 Results ........................................................................................................................... 5 Overview ................................................................................................................... 5 Cartographic resources .............................................................................................. 7 Primary sources ....................................................................................................... 12 Flax Mill and Fleck’s Bleachfield ........................................................................... 12 Print Works (Doggartland Holm) .......................................................................... 13 Corn Mill .............................................................................................................. 14 Turkey Red Dye and Calico Printing Works ........................................................... 14 Woollen Mill ........................................................................................................ 17 Howie’s Dye Works .............................................................................................. 18 Secondary sources ................................................................................................... 19 Flax Mills and Bleachfields ................................................................................... 19 Turkey Red Dye and Calico Printing ...................................................................... 20 Part II: Archaeological Investigations .............................................................................. 25 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 25 Excavation ................................................................................................................... 25 The ladeside buildings ............................................................................................. 25 The culverted lade ................................................................................................... 25 Results ......................................................................................................................... 25 The ladeside buildings and structures ...................................................................... 27 Trial trench 1 ....................................................................................................... 27 Trial trench 2 ....................................................................................................... 27 Trench 3: Structure 6 ........................................................................................... 27 Trench 4: Structure 7 ........................................................................................... 28 Structure 8 ........................................................................................................... 31 The Culverted lade................................................................................................... 35 The Culvert Entrance ........................................................................................... 35 The Slab Covered part of the Culvert ................................................................... 41 The culvert end .................................................................................................... 42 The finds .................................................................................................................. 44 Discussion ...................................................................................................................... 46 Page 1 of 80 Buildings: Flax Mill and Bleachfield Area .......................................................................... 46 The drains: Flax Mill and Bleachfield Area ....................................................................... 46 The culverted part of the lade ......................................................................................... 47 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 49 Further work .................................................................................................................. 52 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................ 53 References ..................................................................................................................... 54 List of Illustrations .......................................................................................................... 57 Archival Sources ............................................................................................................. 60 Appendix 1: Context List ................................................................................................. 61 Appendix 2: Drawing List ................................................................................................ 62 Appendix 3: Finds List ..................................................................................................... 63 Appendix 4: Photo List .................................................................................................... 64 Appendix 5: 1819 Plan References ............................................................................. 65-67 Appendix 6: Notes on the processing of flax .................................................................... 68 Drawings 14 - 32 ........................................................................................................ 69-80 Page 2 of 80 Introduction This report represents the results of the second season of archaeological investigation in relation to the 18th and 19th century industrial remains at Ryefield. The project commenced on 12th March 2016 and was completed on 10th September 2016. The works were organised by Kilwinning Heritage using volunteers and carried out according to the Kilwinning Heritage Ryefield Project Design by Diane Brown and Ralph Shuttleworth May 2015. Location The site is located in a field on the south bank of the Rye Water north of Ryefield Stables, Drakemyre, Dalry, North Ayrshire, NGR: NS 28770 50513. The site is approximately a kilometre from Dalry off the B780 Dalry to Kilbirnie road, Figure 1. Figure 1: Location of the Ryefield site The field is under pasture and slopes gently from west to east to the bank of the Rye Water, figure 2. Page 3 of 80 Figure 2: Location of the Ryefield Print (Doggartland Holm) site Context and Aims of the Project Context The context of the project is to gain knowledge and understanding of the industrial heritage of the area and expand the existing historical record. Aims The aims of the project are to: collate and analyse the information which already exists about this site examine, record and analyse the surviving remains develop an interpretation of the history, character and operation of the site Page 4 of 80 Part I: Historic Environment Desk-based Assessment Desk-based Assessment Methodology The desk-based assessment was conducted in accordance with the project specification. Material was sought from a variety of available resources to collate, verify and assess relevant information relating to the flax mill, the bleachfield, the culverted lade and the industries that were served by the lade. Results Overview The names Ryefield and Doggartland have been used interchangeably for structures and geographic locations on this site since the 19th century. To reduce the confusion this creates figure 3, which uses the OS 1911 map of the area for expediency, shows those discussed in this report using an appropriate unique identifier. These identifiers will be used within the body of this report together with any colloquial names that are deemed appropriate. Page 5 of 80 Figure Map3: Figure OS1911 Page 6 of 80 Cartographic resources Robert Aitken's parish map Dalry 1827 shows Dogartlund