Initial Environment Examination (Part 4 of 4)
Project Number: 46930-014 March 2017
Dynagreen Environmental Protection Group Company Limited Dynagreen Waste-to-Energy Project Bengbu Waste-to-Energy Plant (People’s Republic of China)
Prepared by Dynagreen Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd.
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removing and thoroughly breaking up the refractory macromolecular organics. For the large water circulation enables the uniform mixing of sewage, so the activated sludge has good dispersion, which greatly increases the specific surface area of activated sludge. The high dispersion of activated sludge in MBR is another reason to improve the effect of water treatment. This outdistances the larger group of bacteria formed by common biochemical method of water treatment technology; MBR has easy integration, easily realized automatic control and simple operate and manage; by abandoning the secondary clarifier, MBR areas decreases the area. After the effluent form MBR, it goes on with the NF process. NF is compact membrane, which is a kind of organic membrane. For MBR's COD is not up to standard, it needs further treatment. NF can further separate refractory organic matter and partial ammonia nitrogen, and further process desalination treatment. NF technology has good pass rate for monovalent ions, and higher retention rate of two valence ion. Therefore, the NF ion concentration of the solution is relatively low and easy to handle. To make the effluent meet the standard of reuse water, the RO process will further intercept chloride ions and concentration of dissolved solids in water. Summary comparison of 2 leachate treatment process plans is shown in Table 8.2-3. Table 8.2-3 Process analysis of comparison and selection
Item Plan 1 Plan 2
Main process Anaerobic+aerobic+ultrafiltration+R Anaerobic+MBR+NF+RO flowchart O
Process Biochemistry and New membrane bioreactor+Membrane
principles materialization+RO Technology
Inlet water quality Big anti-shock loading capability and Big anti-shock loading capability and small
effects small inlet water quality effects inlet water quality effects
Remove COD Good Better
Remove NH High removal rate of NH Higher removal rate of NH
Have some engineering and Technology of Have much engineering and operation operation experiences, and operating experiences, and operation and operation and management is experience management is simple. simple.
Area Big Small
Investment costs General General
Operational costs High High
Environmental Small impact on environment Small impact on environment benefits Finally comprehensive comparisons has been carried with respect to the the process characteristic, the adaptability of water quality fluctuation, treatment effect of pollutants, the investment and operating costs, etc., the second one has been chosen as optimal one. 8.2.3.2 Wastewater Treatment Process 1. Process Flow Chart High concentration wastewater treatment of the project uses “pretreatment+ABR+MBR+NF+RO” process. Process flow chart is shown as follows.
Plant leachate Mechanical grating Methane treatment system
Odor Adjusting tank Methane Torch flaming treatment Flocculent agents Overhaul Methane Incinerating Odor Coagulation Normal sedimentation tank operation
Pre-treatment Reflux Reflux Filtration pool system Center heating pool Methane
Anaerobic Methane Sludge processing system UASB anaerobic Sludge processing Sludge reactors system Odor Odor Odor Sludge pool
MBR biological Supernat Odor processing system Nitrification pool Sludge e fluid
Back-flo Denitrification pool sludge thickener pool wed First class A/O Dehydrat Odor Sludge Odor ed fluid sedimentation Sludge dewatering basin equipment Back-flo sludge wed Dehydrated
sludge Nitrification pool Denitrification pool Garbage Back-flo
sludge Second class A/O wed storing pit
Excess Mud cake Odor UF ultrafiltration sludge burning system
Concentrate Normal operation Concentrated Back-ejecta d solution solution NF nanofiltration incineration membrane system gathering tank Concentrate Concentrated solution processing system Odor treatment Incineratio RO reverse d solution osmosis membrane equipment n system
Odor treatment equipment Odor treatment Membrane depth system processing system
Picture 8.2-4 High concentration wastewater treatment process
2. Process Instruction (1) Pretreatment When leachate passes through the grille, impurities of large particles and suspended substances will be removed and sent to the garbage pit. There is a by-pass connected to the grille. If there are not many impurities or sewages, the sewages can be directly sent to the regulating pool by the by-pass to reduce the risk of the spillover of odor of the grille. The water pump pumps the leachate from the regulating pool. There is a pipe mixer in the pipe. The suspended substances can be partly removed by adding coagulant. Sludge collection bucket is set at the bottom of the primary sedimentation basin. The solids and the suspended substances that are easy to precipitate will subside to the sludge collection bucket. Then the sludges will be sent to the dewatering equipment by the sludge pump for dehydrating and incineration. The effluent from sedimentation basin will be sent to UASB anaerobic pool after the filtration through 3mm basket filter and 1mm pipeline filter. The function of the regulating pool is to equalize the quality and quantity in favor of the stable operation of the follow-up biochemical processing system. The project’s regulating pool is designed according to the quantity of leachate stored in 7 days. After the degradation of sludges through the anaerobic regulating pool, 15%~30% will be removed by the water inflow COD. When the solids and the suspended substances that is easy to precipitate, 5%~15% are removed after the treatment of primary sedimentation basin. (2) UASB anaerobic reactor The anaerobic reactor adopted by the project is UASB anaerobic reactor which was developed in the 1980s. At present, this technology has been applied successfully in sewage treatment in every industry with many advantages, such as high capacity of treatment, low investment and area with stable operation. The UASB reactor includes: water inflow and distribution system, pool body of the reactor and three-phase separator. The sewages are lifted through the pump into the bottom of the reactor, flowing upward with a certain flow rate. The methane of large amounts produced by anaerobic process can stir the sewages so that they can be mixed with sludges and organic matter can be absorbed and decomposed. The methane can be discharged through the gas-collecting chamber of the three-phase separator which is on the upper part
of the anaerobic reactor. So the sewages containing suspended sludges will enter the settlement zone of three-phase separator. The sludges with good performance of precipitation return to the main body of the reactor and the sewages with a few light sludges are expelled from the top of the reactor. The anaerobic reactor features that it can granulate the sludges in the reactor and the sludges can have good performance of sedimentation and high activity of producing methane. In result, the concentration of sludges in the reactor is higher and the age of that longer. COD volume load is considerably increased and good contact between mud and water is reached. Because of the high COD load, the production of methane is high, which will lead to the expansion and fluidization of the sludges. The effect of mass transfer will be intensified so that the mud can have full access to the water. The effluents treated by the anaerobic reactor are sent to the MBR system for further treatment. The methane is drawn to the garbage pit through pipeline by induced draught fan. The designed removal rate of COD by UASB can achieve more that 70%. (3) MBR The combination of the leachate of MBR treatment and the reflux of nitrification pool (achieved by the reflux of UF concentrated solution) comes into denitrification reactor and mixes fully with denitrifying sludges with the help of under liquid agitator. Because of the nitrification of highly active aerobic microorganism, reflux of nitrification pool makes oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen become nitrate and nitrite, which restores to nitrogen under the effect of denitrification sludge in denitrification reactor anaerobic environment, so that denitrification can be achieved. The effluents of the denitrification pool enter directly into nitrification pool. Activated sludge, wastewater and air are fully mixed and moves in circles in the reaction tank. The organic matter including carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus element in the sewages is effectively removed and oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen is transormed into nitrate and nitrite through the effect of highly active aerobic microorganism. The jet aeration is adopted in the nitrification reactor pool. The air needed is self absorbed by jet aeration equipment. The mud water treated by the nitrification reactor enters the ultrafiltration system through the ultrafiltration feed pump. With the help of the ultrafiltration circulation pump, active sludges backflows to denitrification reactor with sewages and then returns to denitrification reactor. The excess sludges are expelled to the sludge
thickener. Compared with traditional biochemical treatment processes, microbial bacteria are subtracted from the effluent through the highly effective ultrafiltration system, ensuring that particles and microorganisms that are above 0.05µm and the suspended matter relevant to COD are retained in the system. The concentration of sludges is maintained by the continuous reflux of cross-flow ultrafiltration.
Water inflow Backflow Air Activated sludge
Clear liquid
Denitrification Nitrification
So ultrafiltration takes the place of secondary sedimentation basin in the traditional biochemical treatment processes. As a result, microorganism can be retained fully and quickly in the biochemical reactors and the high biological concentration of biochemical reactor can be maintained. Also the age of mud can be effectively controlled as to avoid the erosion of sludges and the nitrification can be ensured to improve the quality of the effluent. UF feed pump distributes the mixture in the biochemical pool to every UF loop. The clear fluids filtrated through the ultrafiltration membrane are collected in the clear fluids storage tank. Then they are at the phase of advanced treatment. Most of the sludges retained backflow to the denitrification pool and have denitrification reaction with the original water while a few excess sludges are expelled to the sludge thickener for disposal. The ultrafiltration membrane pipe can be cleaned by the washing pump in the rinse tank with clear water or clear liquid. The loop can be flushed, washed and maintained when other loops are in operation. When it is being cleaned, the valve is opened according to the program. Washing water is allowed to circulate in the membrane loop and then returns to the rinse tank until the loop
is fully cleaned. If needed, a little chemical agent for membrane washing can be added to the rinse tank at the late stage of cleaning. Because it is the high-concentration sewages with a large amount of sludges that pass through the ultrafiltration membrane components in MBR system, the membrane is very susceptible to pollution. Therefore, it becomes a critical factor to choose appropriate membranes and membrane components that are strongly resistant to pollution and easy to clean. Ultrafiltration is a process of membrane separation that solutes of large particle are separated from the solution. With the mechanical sieving principle, the ultrafiltration membrane features selective separation. The ultrafiltration process is as follows: Under the pressure, the solvent and all kinds of small solutes in the liquid pass through the ultrafiltration membrane from high-pressure side to low-pressure side so that the permeate liquid can be acquired. And the solutes that are bigger than membrane pore are retained by the membrane and turn to concentrated solution.
The ways that the solutes are retained by the membrane are as follows: (1) Mechanical retention on the surface of the membrane; (2) absorption on the surface of the membrane and within the micropore; (3) the blocking of the
membrane pore. Permeate liquid Bacteria, colloid and 透过液 细菌，胶体等other macromolecular 大分子物质substances
Original 浓缩液Concentrated solution 原液 liquid
超滤膜壁Ultrafiltration membrane wall Micropore膜壁上微孔 on the Permeate透过液 liquid membrane wall 水、水分子物质Water and water molecule Now membrane modules used in MBR technology are mainly hollow fiber membrane and tubular membrane. Tubular membrane components features characteristics, such as good hydrodynamic conditions (available with cross-flow filtration), not easy to plug, easy to clean and low requirements on pretreatment of feed liquid, so they are ideal for use in sewage treatment. Hollow fiber membrane is characterized by high density; low cost with disadvantage of easily blocked and pressure loss.
Aimed at poor water quality of waste leachate, the project uses external inlet tubular UF membranes, and membrane use PVDF material. The UF membranes have been successfully applied to many leachate treatment projects. (4) NF+RO To strictly ensure reach emission standards, add NF+RO systems behind MBR system. Wastewater first passes through NF membrane for filtration, and most COD and multiply charged ions are retained. NF water chloride ions and dissolved solids do not meet water usage requirements, and salt needs to be further retained by RO, to make water meet reclaimed water standards. Process configuration is cross-flow pattern. Supplied water flows along tangent direction of membrane after passing through pump and booster pump. Some water that do not pass through membrane is discharged into concentrated liquid treatment system for disposal, while some that do not pass through membrane is circulated after mixed with new water NF concentrated liquid is re-sprayed into incinerators. RO concentrated liquid can be used for preparing lime slurry of flue gas purification system. 3. Process Feasibility Analysis After wastewater is treated by wastewater treatment process in Table 8.2-4, design pretreatment efficiencies of various main processing units are shown in Table 8.2-4. Table 8.2-4 Design pretreatment efficiencies of various main processing units
CODcr BOD5 NH3-N SS Item (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
Inlet water 60000 30000 2000 10000
Outlet water 42000 22500 1500 2000 Pretreatment system Removal 30% 25% 25% 80% efficiency
Inlet water 42000 22500 1500 2000
UASB Outlet water 8400 3375 1200 1400
system Removal ≥80% ≥85% 20% 30% efficiency
Inlet water 8400 3375 1200 1400
Outlet water ≤420 168.75 12 28 AO/MBR system Removal ≥95% ≥95% 98.9% 98% efficiency
Inlet water 420 168.75 12 28
Outlet water 84 33.7 6 1.4 NF system Removal 80% 80% 50% 95% efficiency
Inlet water 84 33.7 6 1.4
Outlet water 25 6.75 0.9 0 RO system Removal 70% 80% 85% 100% efficiency
Reference standard ≤60 ≤10 ≤10 -- Value(GB/T19923-2005) It shows that by treatment process of “pretreatment+anaerobism+MBR Biochemical Treatment System+NF Membrane System+RO Membrane System”, and referring to circulating cooling water system of supplementary water quality standards in the Reclamation and Reuse of Urban Wastewater-Quality Standards of Industrial Water (GB/T19923-2005), reused water meet related water quality standards. 4. Analogy Investigation Case of Wastewater Treatment project Analogy project is domestic waste incineration power plant project in Jingnan Vein Industrial Park, Nanjing City, and its principal process of leachate treatment is same to that of the project. According to this project's environmental protection acceptance check monitoring report {HJ Zi (2014) (081)}, effluent monitoring values of existing leachate treatment system in domestic waste incineration power plant project in Jingnan Vein Industrial Park, Nanjing City are shown in Table 8.2-5.
Table 8.2-5 Effluent monitoring values of existing leachate treatment system in domestic waste incineration power plant project in Jingnan Vein Industrial Park, Nanjing City
Monitorin Monit Monitori g NH(mg/L COD(mg/ Petroleu BOD5(mg oring NTU TP(mg/L) ng Date frequenc ) L) m(mg/L) /L) site y
1st time 0.044 8.0 0.06 2.1 0.69 0.17
2nd time 0.047 17.9 0.05 2.1 1.26 0.17
Septem 3th time 0.050 13.5 0.05 2.5 1.22 0.18
ber 10, 4th time 0.044 10.3 0.05 1.4 0.86 0.14 Exit 2014
of Average leach daily 0.046 12.4 0.05 2.0 1.00 0.16
ate value treat st ment 1 time 0.030 ND ND 1.1 0.61 0.07 statio 2nd time 0.059 5.2 0.06 1.1 0.45 0.06 n
S1 Septem 3th time 0.071 ND 0.05 1.2 0.54 0.06 ber 11, 4th time 0.059 ND 0.08 1.2 0.73 0.07 2014
Average
daily 0.055 1.3 0.05 1.2 0.58 0.06
value
Reuse requirements ≤10 ≤60 ≤1 ≤10 ≤5 ≤1
Reuse requirements are met Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes or not.
Note: If concentrations are below detection limit, they are represented by "ND", similarly hereinafter. Detection limit of COD is 5.0 mg/l, and detection limit of petroleum is 0.04 mg/l. Table 8.2-5 shows that referring to water quality of supplementary water standards in the Reclamation and Reuse of Urban Wastewater-Quality Standards of Industrial Water (GB/T19923-2005), reused water meet related
water quality standards. Wastewater treatment measures used in the project is feasible. 8.3 Analysis of Noise Pollution Control Measures 8.3.1 Noise Control Principles 1. Select equipment that meets the requirements of national noise standards. 2. Reasonably arrange master plan, try to centralize high noise equipment, and use afforestation to reduce effects of strong noise. 3. Reasonably arrange pipes of wind, gas and water, and adopt right structure to prevent vibration and noise. 4. To production noise whose sound source cannot fundamentally eliminated, use noise elimination, vibrating isolation, noise isolation, sound insulation and sound-absorbing measures according to different conditions, and put emphasis on controlling noise source with high sound intensity. 5. Reduce traffic noise. When garbage truck goes into factory area and approaches concentrated settlements, speed is down and honking is forbidden.
8.3.2 Noise Reduction Measures of Noise Source Noises of the project are mainly mechanical equipment noise and air dynamic noise, including Turbo-Generators, various wind machines, air compressors, mixers, pumps, exhaust steam of boilers, etc. The projects will use respectively following measures noise reduction based on devices situation. 1. Fans, motors, various pumps and control valves use low noise type and environmental protection equipment. 2. Control valves and safety valves of air exhaust pipes use low noise type equipment, and install exhaust silencer, and pipelines of silencer are made vibration reduction. 3. Make noise insulation box for fans, and install exhaust silencer. 4. Install rubber joints and other vibration dampers for various pumps, and install anti-vibration pad for base of pumps. 5. Install resistance mufflers in inlet air mouth of compressor, and install soundproof cover for unit. 6. Boiler room and air compressor room select building materials with good sound insulation and muffler performance. 7. Strengthen management, maintenance of machinery and equipment; 8. Reasonably arrange main factory building, and relatively centralize noise
sources. Control rooms and operating rooms adopt soundproofed structure. In control room with relatively centralized operation administrator, set sound absorbing device in door and window, and set sound-absorbing ceiling in the room to reduce noise impact on personnel, making their work environment reach allowed noise standard; 9. Reasonably layout total figures and enhance afforestation in plant to reduce noise impact on surrounding environment. Meanwhile, aimed at traffic noise produced by transport vehicles in plant, adopt following measures to reduce traffic noise: overloading restriction, maintenance vehicles regularly, and avoidance horn in plan. After adopting such measures, it ensures that surrounding environment will not be significantly affected. 8.4 Analysis of Prevention and Control Measures on Solid Waste The project can produce a variety of solid waste in production process, such as slag, flying ash, waste engine oil, waste activated carbon, waste bags, waste water treatment sludge and domestic waste. 1. Incinerator Slag Slag discharge of incinerator is below the fire grate, and slag can be sent to slag pit by this device. Clinker conveyer is equipped with automatic humidifier to make the ash not float in the sky. Slag is the product of high temperature incineration, on the one hand, it has a certain extent of strength, which is the equal of finished cement No. 110, on the other hand, high temperature incineration thorough is a general solid waste slag. The project intends to send slag to Anhui Huatong Environmental Protection Regenerated Resources Utilization Co., Ltd. and uses it comprehensively as the building materials. 2. Flying Ash According to Prevention Technology Policy for Prevention of Hazardous Waste Pollution (HF [2001]199), garbage incineration flying ash must be collected separately, so it not mingles with residue of household garbage and incineration and other waste, it also shall not be mixed with other hazardous waste; it may not be stored for a long period of time in the place where it is produced, shall not be disposed in a way manner and shall not be discharged. ① Treatment Methods of Flying Ash The project’s flying ash treatment process uses chelating agent and stabilization technology of cement, as the solidification material, cements mixes with chelating agent and stabilizes harmful substances in flying ash.
Chelate stabilization adds various chemicals to flying ash, in which heavy metals form sulfide, hydroxide, chelates and other complicated stable compounds, to reduce the flying ash heavy metal released to environment, and this has a good effect on the stabilization of flying ash. Chelating agent, the current international widespread use of substance, is also called DTC (Dithiocarbamate) chelating agent. The project uses DTC chelating agent researched and developed for many years by Tsinghua University, and DTC chelating agent is a transparent liquid that is odorless and not corrosive. In the cement stabilization process, calcium silicate, calcium silicate of cement are transformed into CaO·SiO2·mH2O and Ca(OH) CaO·SiO2·mH2O gel in hydrated reaction, it contains flying ash and develops CaO·SiO2stabiliser with high mechanical strength after gradually hardened. Ca (OH) in the material has a high pH value; the most of the heavy metal ions develop insoluble form of hydroxides or carbonates and are fixed in the cement matrix lattice by Ca (OH), so it effectively prevents the heavy metal leaching. The related experimental data shows that the solidification effect of flying ash is the best when the cement ratio is 0.33. After a period of maintenance, the stabilizing products can complete hydration process and meet the standard and requirement for landfill disposal. ②Analysis of Grey Properties According to infusion toxicity test results of solidification samples of incineration flying ash in Yixing Domestic Waste Incineration Plant, in leachate of solidification samples of incineration flying ash, various pollutant concentrations are shown in Table 8.4-1.
Table 8.4-1 Infusion toxicity test results of solidification samples of incineration flying ash in Yixing Domestic Waste Incineration Plant
Pollutant Hg Zn Ba As Cr Cr6
Index <0.02 0.031 0.422 0.569 0.314 0.314
Pollutant Pb Ni Cu Cd Be Se
Index 0.048 0.012 Not detected Not detected Not detected Not detected
In 2006, Guangzhou Environmental Health Institute conducted heavy metals leaching test of flying ash solidification in Guangzhou Likeng Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant. Refers to test results in Table 8.4-2.
Table 8.4-2 Toxicity test of flying ash solidification in Guangzhou Likeng Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant
Based on the above monitoring leachate results of flying ash, flying ash meets requirements of the Pollution Control Standard on the Domestic Waste Landfill (GB16889-2008) in table 1. Based on leaching toxicity test results of flying ash solidification sample in Qidong Domestic Waste Incineration Plant, moisture content of flying ash solidification sample 2.92%~2.96%, and dioxins content is 1.160~1.492μgTEQ/Kg. According to similar domestic project’s leaching toxicity test results of flying ash solidification sample, moisture content and dioxins content and concentration of leaching hazard components can reach control requirements. flying ash properties of the project are similar to those of these, its moisture content and dioxins content and concentration of leaching hazard components can reach control requirements. ③ Landfill feasibility analysis of flying ash solidification Based on the Pollution Control Standard on the Domestic Waste Landfill (GB16889-2008), following conditions of solid waste incineration flying ash after treated are met, then they can enter Domestic Waste Landfill for treatment. (1) Moisture content is less than 30%; (2) dioxin content is less than 3 µ gTEQ/Kg; (3) harmful ingredients concentrations of prepared leachate is below prescribed limit in accordance with HJ/T300. In accordance with the Guide for Treatment of Living Garbage: “If incineration flying ash meets requirements of the Pollution Control Standard on the Domestic Waste LandfillGB16889, they can enter into domestic waste landfill for treatment”. Meanwhile, according to Flying Ash Treatment Agreement signed between Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd. (China) and Bengbu Administrative Enforcement Bureau, after solidification, flying ash of the project is planned to sent to Bengbu Domestic Waste Sanitary Landfill Site. If flying ash cannot meet requirements of the Pollution Control Standard on the
Domestic Waste Landfill (GB16889-2008), they shall be further solidified in plant by using lime and chelating agent until test is qualified, then they are sent to Bengbu Domestic Waste Sanitary Landfill Site for Landfill. Other solid waste mainly use oil, waste activated carbon, waste bags, sludge of leachate treatment and house refuses. Waste oil, waste activated carbon and waste bags are hazardous solid waste which is commissioned by qualified units to handle. House refuses and sludge, etc. from wastewater treatment station are entering and handling by incineration system of the project. The construction unit must set up a special storage site and storage and manage hazardous according to the relevant provisions of the Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standard (GB18597-2001) and the related policy of Pollution Prevention and Control Technology of Hazardous Wastes. And still have other measures prevent hazardous scatterance, leakage and run of. For hazardous collection, storage and transportation conducted by professional personnel separately. What’s more, accident emergency measures to prevent and control pollution in the way of pollution transportation should be made and carried out strictly according to with requirements for the relevant procedures. The above solid wastes after disposal in strict accordance with the above measures won’t harm the surrounding environment and the human body and it will not cause secondary pollution. All control measures taken is feasible and effective. 8.5 Analysis of Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control
Measures With the complete water supply system, circulating water system and sewage treatment system, there won’t be affection of groundwater during normal operating conditions after water recycling, domestic sewage treatment under standards. However, in the case of abnormal conditions or accident conditions, such as if any leakage of the ash storage tanks, discharge hall, leachate collection pool, waste water treatment plant, etc. happen, pollutants and wastewater will penetrate the ground, which causing pollutions of groundwater. In view of the possible occurrence of groundwater pollution, the groundwater pollution prevention and control measures of this project will be carried out in accordance with the principle of "source control, zoning control, pollution monitoring and emergency response", which is omnibearing prevention and
control from the generation, infiltration, diffusion and emergency response of pollutants control. 8.5.1 Principles of Prevention and Control From the source control, including the main plant garbage storage tank, discharge hall, leachate collection pool, sewage treatment station, sewage pipe ditch and other special buildings to take anti-seepage measures, prevent and reduce contaminants from dripping and minimize the environmental risk of pollutant leakage. In the overall layout of the enterprise, strict distinction between pollution prevention and control areas and non-polluted areas, including pollution prevention and control areas mainly refers to no boring or pollutant leakage will not cause pollution of the groundwater environment of the region or location, such as supporting the construction of office buildings area. Pollution prevention and control is divided into general pollution prevention and control areas and key pollution prevention and control areas. Among them, the general pollution control area includes circulating water station, the initial rainwater collection pool, the key prevention and control areas, including the main plant garbage storage tank, discharge hall, leachate collection pool, sewage treatment station, sewage pipe ditch, diesel tank area, ammonia Tank area, fly ash curing workshop and so on. Table 8.5-1 List of contaminated areas and anti-seepage grades of the proposed
Anti - seepage Partition Factory partition rating
No need to set Non-polluted Office area anti-seepage area grade
Cont General Permeability amin Contamin Circulating water station, initial rainwater collection pool coefficient ≤ 1.0 × ated ated area 10-7cm / s area
8.5.2 Anti-seepage measures 8.5.2.1 General impervious area (1) Initial rainwater collection pool, circulating water station Can be used solid soil + geomembrane (thickness of not less than 1.5 mm)
composite foundation for the foundation, the use of anti-seepage reinforced concrete building pool, concrete strength grade should not be less than C30, impermeability rating should not be less than P6. (2) Other general pollution control area Impermeable concrete structure to prevent seepage, concrete strength grade should not be less than C30, impermeability grade should not be less than P6, and structural thickness should not be less than 250mm.
8.5.2.2 Major Penetration-Proof Areas (1) Percolate treatment plant, sewage treatment plant , landfill Structural thickness shouldn’t less than 250mm, penetrated level of concrete should more than P8 and internal surface of water pool should be decorated with water-proof paint which is concrete-based penetrated crystal or polyurea in which the former’s thickness is more than 1.0mm and the latter more than 1.5mm, or added crystal water-proof agent which is concrete-based penetration into concrete, whose amount of mixture is 1% to 2% of total cementitious material. (2) Sewage Conduit and Pipe Ditch The structural thickness of sewage drain is never less than 250mm, anti-penetration levelis more than P8 (10-20 m), and internal surface in sewage conduit、pipe ditch should be brushed with water-proof paint which is concrete-based penetrated crystal or polyurea in which the former’s thickness is more than 1.0mm,or added crystal water-proof agent which is concrete-based penetration into cement, whose amount of mixture is 1% to 2% of total cementitious material. (3)Unloading Hall and Flyash Solidificationfly Workshop They are adopted double penetration-proof structures, whose basic penetration layer is at least 1m and then added clay stratum(penetration index is or less than10-7cm/s , or 2mm highly dense(HDPE)blanket(penetration index is or less than10-10cm/s), or 2mm other artificial material((penetration index is or less than10-10cm/s), their surfaces are painted with water-proof material or impermeable cement(penetration index is or less than 10-8cm/s (4) Diesel oil storage tank and aqueous storage tank The thickness of highly dense blanket is less than 1.5mm, protective layer added on and under the blanket is filament non-woven geotextile. Under the membrane layer is sand bed which is free from sharp particles whose thickness is more than 100mm, highly dense blanket should be spread from
center to outside and slope is less than 1.5% 8.5.3 Groundwater Monitoring (1) Proposed location of monitoring points According to the hydrogeological conditions of the investigation area, we can combine with the direction of groundwater runoff based on the investigation, distribution and pollution route, and the first aquifer is determined to become the monitoring objects of groundwater in power plant, the main monitoring projects are pH, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, petroleum, Potassium Permanganate index, Pb, As, and Total Dissolved Solids. Monitoring hole position is shown in figure 8.5-1 and table 8.5-2. (2) Monitoring method Set up 1 to 2 part-time staff according to the relevant requirements to take water samples, water samples are sent to the relevant qualified units, and test the chemical composition, focusing on the pH value and pollution components for testing. (3) Monitoring frequency Take the water before the closure of 1 time, take the water during the dry, wet, normal reason each year to monitor, when major environmental accidents occur, we should immediately take the water samples near environmental accident areas for testing. (4) Monitoring period Groundwater monitoring holes throughout the landfill closure period, after the expiration of the service we need to continue to monitor, if it is abnormal, we should proceed to study to determine the cause of the accident, and deal with the accident timely. (5) Accident emergency response For the projects of reservoir area, such as blind drain for leachate collection and well for leachate collection, once happened the leakage, we should take closure measures immediately to prevent the leakage of pipeline increasing, and displace the contaminated soil. Sampling and testing the sensitive points of the groundwater in the landfill and surrounding areas to determine whether the water quality is affected. If the water quality is affected, the relevant parties should be notified in time and the contaminated groundwater should be stopped immediately.
Table 8.5-2 distribution of monitoring wells
Moni The The Monit The type of torin position of (mm) struct Monitoring oring monitoring Monitoring factor g monitoring Caliper ure of horizon frequ well point point well ency
Pollution Upstream First JC01 monitoring 140-160 Wells pH, total hardness, of area aquifer well Total Dissolved
Solids, volatile
phenol, ammonia
Pollution JC02 Both sides 140-160 First nitrogen, monitoring Wells Monit of the field aquifer permanganate well or index, nitrate, nitrite, once sulfate, fluoride, Pollution a Both sides First chloride, cyanide, JC03 monitoring 140-160 Wells quart of the field aquifer arsenic, Hg, Cr6+, well er lead, cadmium, iron,
Upstream First manganese, copper, JC04 Diffusion well 140-160 Wells of area aquifer zinc, and total
coliforms Pollution Downstrea First JC05 monitoring 400 Brick m of field aquifer well
Figure 8.5-1 Layout of accident emergency monitoring points
Silty clay
Fully-heavily weathered granite
Moderately weathered granite
Light weathered granite
Figure 8.5-2 Schematic diagram of monitoring wells
8.5.4 Groundwater Pollution Emergency Measures
(1)Pollution emergency plan The project should be in accordance with national, local and industry related standards, make groundwater pollution emergency plan, and immediately start pollution emergency plan when groundwater contamination is found, take emergency measures to prevent the pollution of groundwater pollution diffusion. Pollution emergency plan of groundwater pollution should include the following points: Once groundwater pollution accident is found, and it should be reported immediately to the environmental protection department and the ① administrative department of the company, and then both of the departments begin to investigate and confirm the location of pollution sources; Effective measures can stop the pollution sources in time and prevent the leakage of pollutants into the ground, which leads to the expansion of soil ② and groundwater pollution; Immediately take effective measures to repair the heavily polluted areas, including contaminated soils are excavated and removed for hazardous ③ waste disposal, and groundwater in the heavily polluted area is extracted and sent to the emergency pool, the aim of these measures is to prevent pollutant diffusion in the underground; Sample and monitor the groundwater sensitive points in the plant area and the surrounding area to determine if the water quality is affected. If the ④ water quality is affected, the relevant parties should be notified in time and the affected groundwater should be stopped immediately. (2)Pollution Emergency Measures Sewage treatment station, accident pool and so on: sewage should be immediately transferred to the accident emergency pool when the accident ① happens, when the sewage treatment is normal, it can be transferred to the sewage treatment tank or the pool for processing or pool repair, and then it can continue to use the collection pools. Once there is leakage, you should first block the leak source, use the cofferdam or tank containing, then collect and transfer to the accident pool ② for processing. If there has seeped into the groundwater, groundwater in the pollution areas should be drawn out and sent to the emergency pool, these measures are to prevent pollutant diffusion in the underground. When the explosion accidents happen such as fire, fire water should be drawn into the fire accident collecting tank for processing.
Around the project site, there should set up the ridge to cut off contact with the outside water, in the event of accident this ridge can ensure the ③ accident waste water, the fire waste water can enter the fire accident water collection pool for processing, not enter the surrounding water 8.6 Garbage Transportation and Transportation Control Measures (1) Bengbu municipal environmental sanitation department is responsible for the transportation of garbage, at the first, it should deal with the transformation of the garbage transfer station in garbage collection area, garbage in the transfer station is compressed into a block, and then transported to the garbage incineration plant by a dedicated garbage truck. (2) Transport vehicles must be closed and should have measures to prevent the leakage of leachate. The EIA (Environment Impact Assessment) requires that local garbage should be transported by special garbage truck, the open carriage is prohibited during transportation strictly, and they are prohibited, such as damaged carriage, poor sealing performance of the vehicle, these requirements can reduce the impact on the environment in the surrounding. (3) Strictly prohibit toxic and harmful waste entering the garbage collection system, hazardous waste and industrial waste shall not enter the Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant for processing The suggestions are that the manufacturer should take close cooperation with the local sanitation department and other relevant departments, the main output point to the area of toxic and harmful solid waste must be clear, and the garbage collection in these areas should be controlled particularly. Encourage garbage collection staff to inform units and individuals against mingling toxic and hazardous solid waste with garbage. (4) To prevent the construction waste into the collection system of burning garbage, and this way can avoid mixing construction waste with incineration garbage collection system. Construction waste with low calorific value has adverse effect on burning, such as lower temperature can generate more CO, the harmful dioxin is removed, and this way can reduce the efficiency of treatment and thermal power generation efficiency of incineration plants. (5) The promotion of garbage collected to formulate specific measures, the implementation of garbage and construction waste, industrial waste collected separately, encourage and promote different kinds of garbage
collection, which can further utilize the resources available in the waste, to improve the efficiency of waste incinerating disposal.
8.7 Greening Strengthen the greening construction of the plant, improve the ratio of green space, and establish the isolation shelter forest. Trees and lawns not only have an absorption effect on carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and dust, but also have some absorption and blocking effect on noise; we should try to do greening work better, increase the green area and create a beautiful and comfortable working environment as possible so as to reduce the impact to the external environment. The distribution of green areas in this factory should be reasonable. For example, choose the plant species which can resist and absorb pollutants, take the arbor, shrub and grass mixed mode, plant low shrub and grass in the interior of the shelter forest in order to facilitate air circulation. Trees should be the tall broad-leaved type and the planting density must be high so that the factory can be covered entirely in the green trees. The greening area of this project is 20200m2 and the greening rate is 30%.
8.8 Estimation of environmental investment The environmental protection investment in this project is 86.4502 million yuan which accounting for 17.2% of the total investment.
Table 8.8-1 Proposed Project Environmental Investment Form
Environmental Pollutant source Name of environmental protection facilities investment (million yuan)
Landfill leachate treatment system, car washing Waste water 2016 waste-water treatment system
Flue gas purification system 3000 Exhaust gas Odor prevention 547
Solid waste Fly ash solidification 202
Sound insulation building, shock absorption, Noise 150 silencing and other facilities
Greening Factory greening 220.02
Leakage proof of Leakage proof of garbage pit and leachate 1200 groundwater collection tank
Flue gas and waste-water online monitoring Online monitoring 800 system
Monitoring equipment Monitoring instruments and laboratories 100
Construction of sewage Factory sewage pipe network, rainwater collection 100 diversion pipe network pipe network
Risk and emergency Environmental risk prevention and emergency 250 measures measures
Environmental supervision / 60 during construction period
Total 8645.02
9 Environmental Risk Assessment
9.1 Purpose and Priorities of Environmental Risk Assessment (1) Purpose of Environmental Risk Assessment Purpose of environmental risk assessment: analyzes and predict possibly existing potential risks and adverse factors and possible contingencies or accidents during construction and operation of construction Project (usually excluding man-made sabotage and natural disasters), which leads to leakage of hazardous chemicals and flammable and explosive hazardous substance as well as personal security and extent of environmental impact and damage, and proposes reasonably feasible prevention, emergency and mitigation measures to reduce accident rate damage and environmental impact of construction Project down to acceptable level. (2) Priorities of Environmental Risk Assessment Environmental risk assessment should treat damage of people outside the factories caused by accidents, deterioration of environmental quality as well as the prediction and prevention of ecological system impact as priorities of assessment work. Environmental risk assessment should focus on accidents’ influence on the environment outside the factories.
9.2 Determination of Evaluation Level and Evaluation Scope 9.2.1 Evaluation Level (1) Criterion of Evaluation Level According to the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), classification standards of environmental risk assessment are shown in Table 9.2-1. Table 9.2-1 Classification Standards of Environmental Risk Assessment
Flammable and Highly Toxic Generally Toxic Explosive combustible Classification Dangerous Dangerous Dangerous Dangerous Substance Substance Substance Substance
Major Hazard Sources I II I I
Non-major Hazard II II II II Sources
Environmental I I I I Sensitive Areas
(2) Classification of Evaluation Level ➢ Judgment of Hazardous Substances Judgments of major hazardous substances involved in planned construction projects are shown in Table 9.2-2.
Table 9.2-2 Hazard Identification of Major Chemicals in Planned Project
Substance Toxicity; flammability and combustibility; explosiveness
According to the Table 1 of Appendix A in the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk
Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), it is a substance that accords with the
identification criterion No.3 of toxic substance and can be categorized into general toxic
HCl substance; it does not accord with the criterion of hazardous substances regulated in the List
of Highly Toxic Chemicals (2002 Edition); according to Category 8.1 of the List of Hazardous
Chemicals (2002 Edition), it is acid and corrosive substance and the code of the hazardous
goods is 81013.
Mixed with air, it can form explosive mixture which will burn and explode when meeting fire
and in high temperature. Extreme of explosion (v%): 12.5-74.2, LC50: 1807ppm 4 hours(rats
absorb). According to the Table 1 of Appendix A of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental
Risk Assessment of Construction Projects(HJ/T169-2004), it is a substance that confirms the CO identification criterion No.1 of combustible substance; according to Category 2.1 of the List of
Hazardous Chemicals (2002 Edition), it is flammable gas and the code of the hazardous
goods is 21005. It does not i accordance with the criterion of hazardous substances regulated
in the List of Highly Toxic Chemicals (2002 Edition).
According to the Table 1 of Appendix A of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk
Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), it is a substance that accords with the
identification criterion No.3 of toxic substance and can be categorized into general toxic NH3 substance; mixed with air, it can form explosive mixture which will burn and explode when
meeting fire and in high temperature. It does not belong to the criterion of hazardous
substances regulated in the List of Highly Toxic Chemicals (2002 Edition).
Mixed with air, it can form explosive mixture which will burn and explode when meeting fire
H2S and high temperature. LC50: 444pm (rats absorb). It does not accord with the criterion of
hazardous substances regulated in the List of Highly Toxic Chemicals (2002 Edition).
Diesel is HC mixtures of C16 to C23, with its boiling range from 200℃ to 380℃. It is not so
easily volatile as oil. Density (20℃): 0.80～0.85. Flash point: 45～55℃. Explosion limit: 1.5～
Light diesel oil 4.5%. Fire risk rate:ⅡB (28℃ Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects(HJ/T169-2004), it is a substance that accords with the identification criterion No.1 of combustible substance. LD50=0.0225mg/kg, highly toxic substance. According to the Table 1 of Appendix A of the Dioxins Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects(HJ/T169-2004), it is a substance that accords with the identification criterion No.1 of toxic substance and can be categorized into highly toxic substance. As shown in the table above, light diesel oil is flammable liquid; HCl, CO, NH3, H2S can be classified into generally toxic substances, of which CO, NH3, H2S are flammable gas; dioxin is highly toxic substance. ➢ Identification of Major Hazard Sources The substance stored and transported by this Project is flammable and explosive light diesel oil. Characterized by high vapor pressure, volatilization, low flash point and wide explosion limits, it can easily induce combustion and explosion in usual environment. Therefore, possible improper design and poor management during transportation, storage, loading and unloading may cause accidents and produce leakage, explosion and combustion, which bring about great harm, and can severely contaminate environment and cause large economic losses and casualties. The oil depot of this Project possesses an oil tank with volume of 100m3 and an ammonia tank with volume of 50m3.Tank filling coefficient and density of the oil tank are respectively 0.85 and 0.85g/cm3.Its maximal capacity is about 72 tons. And the maximal capacity of the ammonia tank (concentration of 25% and density of 0.907kg/L) is about 45 tons. Choosing light diesel oil, HCl, CO, NH3, H2S and dioxin as identification factors and referring to relevant regulations of Table 2 and Table 3 of Appendix A of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004) , Identification of Major Hazard Sources of Dangerous Chemicals (GB 18218-2009) and other documents, identification results of major hazard sources are shown in Table 9.2-3. According to the table, major hazard sources do not exist in this project. Table 9.2-3 Identification list of major hazard sources Storage place identification result of Name of Substance Storage quantity(t) critical quantity(t) major hazard sources Non-major hazard Light diesel oil 72 200 sources HCl No 50 Non-major hazard sources Non-major hazard CO No 20 sources Non-major hazard Ammonia 45 / sources Non-major hazard H2S No 5 sources Non-major hazard Dioxins No — sources ➢ Identification of Environmentally Sensitive Areas (900m southerneast from the project site) The site of the proposed Project does not belong to environmentally sensitive areas stipulated in the Construction Project Management, such as special protection areas, areas of concern as well as ecologically sensitive and vulnerable areas. ➢ Evaluation and Grade Determination According to Table 9.2-1 Environmental Risk Assessment Standards, based on the identification results of hazardous substances, major hazard sources and environmentally sensitive areas, the environmental risk assessment of the proposed Project is shown in Table 9.2-4. Table 9.2-4 Level list of environmental risk assessment Assessment Name Hazard Characteristics Functional Unit Sensitivity Classification Light Non-major Hazard Flammable liquid Level II Diesel Oil Sources Common toxic and Non-major Hazard HCl hazardous substances, Level II Sources flammable gas Common toxic and Non-major Hazard The Project site does CO hazardous substances, Level II Sources not belong to flammable gas environmentally Common toxic and Non-major Hazard sensitive areas NH3 hazardous substances, Level II Sources flammable gas Common toxic and Non-major Hazard H2S hazardous substances, Level II Sources flammable gas Dioxins Highly toxic and Non-major Hazard Level II hazardous substance, Sources non-flammable gas From the above table, the risk assessment of the proposed Project is Level II. According to Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), Level II assessment includes risk identification, analysis of source items, brief analyze accidental influences, and put forward prevention, mitigation and emergency measures. 9.2.2 Assessment Range According to Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of construction projects (HJ/T169-2004), the assessment range of the atmospheric environment risk assessment is 3.0Km from the source point. Specific environmentally sensitive targets are shown in Table 2.5-2. 9.3 Risk Identification 9.3.1 Hazardous Materials Identification According to Annex A (normative) of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), toxic, flammable and explosive substances involved in the Project are light diesel oil, HCl, CO, NH3, H2S and Dioxin. Diesel storage tanks leak and start an open fire, it will cause fire even explosion. If HCl, CO, NH3 or H2S leaks, it will pose some influence on the nearby environment. Landfill leachate leaks will pollute ground water and soil. 9.3.2 Risk Analysis of Main Production Process According to the Project analysis, four environmental risks shall mainly be taken into consideration during the production process of the proposed project. First, the flue gas treatment equipped with the incinerator fails to work. Second, accidents occur when two incinerators fail to work. Third, an explosion caused by excessive CO in the incinerator poses some effects on the nearby environment. Fourth, odor control measures fail to work and cause accidental release of odorous pollutants. 9.4 Source Term Analysis 9.4.1Accident Source Term Analysis According to the analysis, the Project mainly includes the following accident source terms: (1) Effects of Leaks from light diesel storage tanks creating an explosion risk on the nearby environment; (2) Effects of an explosion caused by excessive CO in the incinerator on the nearby environment; (3) Analysis on the effects of methane explosion on the nearby environment; (4) Effects of malodorous gas emissions on the nearby environment during the maintenance period of the incinerator if the suction apparatus of activated carbon fails; (5) Effects of accidental release on wastewater. 9.4.2Max Credible Accident By design, max capacity of light diesel storage tank is 1 100m3. Setting up cofferdams around it can guarantee that all diesels is under control in cofferdams under accidental state without entering surface water environment. The probability is very low that under opened and shutdown state, production is not well controlled with low furnace temperature and too high flue gas CO content while activated carbon adsorption and flue gas cleaning bag filter device does not work properly. Relatively, the failure of the flue gas treatment to be equipped with the incinerator does not reach normal efficiency, it will lead to excessive waste gas emissions into the atmosphere, polluting peripheral air and posing greater influence on the environment. Therefore, the assessment confirms that the failure of the flue gas treatment equipped with the incinerator to reach normal efficiency is deemed as maximum credible accident. According to studies and analogical analysis, the accident rate is 1×10-5/a. 9.5 Accident Results Analysis 9.5.1 Explosion Risk of Leaks from Light Diesel Storage Tanks Oil depot accidents are most likely to happen when the stored oil products leak and explode. After explosion, radiant heat created by oil products will affect the tanks or buildings around them, even trigger more fire, which has detrimental influences on the nearby environment. According to the main risk factors and harmful factor analysis of the project, the risk assessment of fire and explosion (seventh edition) is adopted by Dow Chemical Company to assess fire and explosion hazard of the project. DOW’s risk assessment of fire and explosion is adopted in Table 9.5-1 and 9.5-2 on the relevant index and safety measures compensation coefficient calculation table. Compared with DOW’s risk assessment of fire and explosion (Table 9.5-3), the results of danger classes of each unit are shown in the following Table 9.5-4. From Table 9.5-4, danger classes of each unit are shown down a level via safety allowance. The danger classes of fire and explosion of the Project is labeled as “relatively light” and still within the acceptable range. The sphere of influence is mainly in the factory. According to the calculated Fire Explosive Danger Index, exposure radius can be checked out in the chart or calculated. The results of exposure radius and areas are shown in Table 9.5-5. Table 9.5-1 Calculation of Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) Project Oil depot Selected representative material Light diesel oil Material factor(MF) 10 1. Danger of general process Range of danger factor Fundamental factor 1.00 1.00 A- Exothermic reaction 0.3-1.25 B -Endothermic reaction 0.2-0.40 C -Material handling and 0.25-1.05 0.85 transportation D -Closed or indoor unit process 0.25-0.90 E Aisle 0.20-0.35 F Emission and leakage control 0.25-0.50 0.5 Danger factor of general 2.35 process (F1) 2.Danger of special operation Fundamental factor 1.00 1.00 A Toxic material 0.20-0.80 B Negative 0.50 pressure(<500mmHg) C Burning area and related operation around (a)Canned flammable liquids 0.50 0.50 (b) Process or sweeping errors 0.30 (c) Within range of combustion 0.80 D Dust explosion 0.25-2.00 E Pressure(details in chart) F Low temperature 0.20-0.30 G The number of Flammable and 1.08 unstable material (a) Liquids and gases during process (b) Stored liquids and Gases (details in chart) (c) Stored flammable solids and dust produced during the process H Erosion and abrasion 0.10-0.75 0.20 I Leakage (joint and seal) 0.10-1.50 0.10 J Using fire equipment K Hot oil exchange system 0.15-1.15 L rotating equipment 0.5 Danger factor of special 2.88 process(F2) Danger factor of process unit(F3=F1×F2) 6.77 Fire and Explosion Index (F&E1=F3×MF) 67.7 Table 9.5-2 Calculation of Security Compensation Factor Range of compensation Project Oil depot factor 1. Security compensation factor of process control(C1) ①Emergency power 0.98 0.98 ②Cooling installation 0.97-0.99 0.99 ③Anti-Explosion device 0.84-0.98 ④emergency cut-off device 0.96-0.99 0.98 ⑤Computer control 0.93-0.99 ⑥Inert gas protection 0.94-0.96 ⑦Operation instruction/procedures 0.91-0.99 0.92 ⑧Check on chemically reactive substance 0.91-0.98 ⑨Other analysis on danger of process 0.91-0.98 C1(multiply factors from ① to ⑨) 0.87 2. Security Compensation Factor of material isolation(C2) ①Remote control cut-off device 0.96-0.98 0.98 ②Standby material releasing device 0.96-0.98 ③Emission system 0.91-0.97 ④Interlocking device 0.98 C2(multiply factors from ① to ④) 0.98 3. Security Compensation Factor of fireproofing facility ①Leak detection device 0.94-0.98 0.98 ②Steel structure 0.95-0.98 0.98 ③Fire water supply system 0.94-0.97 0.97 ④Special fire fighting system 0.91 ⑤Sprinkler system 0.74-0.97 0.89 ⑥Water curtain 0.97-0.98 ⑦Foam extinguishing device 0.92-0.97 0.94 ⑧Portable fire extinguisher/water pistol 0.93-0.98 ⑨ Cable protection 0.94-0.98 0.94 C3(multiply factors from ① to ⑨) 0.73 Security compensation measures C=C1×C2×C3=0.63 0.64 Fire danger index after compensation 43.3 Table 9.5-3 F&EI and Danger Level Range of F&EI Danger level 1～60 Lightest 61～96 Light 91～127 Middle 128～158 Big >159 Big+ Table 9.5-4 Comparison between Danger Level before and after Compensated by Safety Measure Before compensation After compensation Evaluation unit F&EI Danger level F&EI¢ Danger level Oil depot 67.7 light 43.3 Light- Table 9.5-5 Exposure Radius and Area Coverage of Oil depot in This Project Project Oil depot F&EI 67.7 Exposure radius (m) 17.3 Exposure area(m2) 940 9.5.2 Impact Analysis of Incinerator Explosion Accident to Surrounding Environment This analysis is conducted under the condition of simulated extreme risk. In that case, the on-going incinerator can explode due to operational errors of checking on pressure and temperature in incinerator, so that some Dioxin without destroyed by high temperature will go off instantly. After explosion, Dioxin spread out with smog and gas, up to 2000m3, mixed with them the concentration of Dioxin is higher than that of the normal condition-about 6ngTEQ/m3 when it is discharged initially. Based on this, the number of Dioxin emission can be calculated under explosion accident, that is, 12000ngTEQ. 1. Prediction mode In this project, the spread of toxic and harmful substance is likely to happen because of leakage accident. According to the requirement of Technical Guidance on Environment Risk Assessment of Construction Project (HJ/T169-2004), Formulas will be adopted as follows when evaluating accident consequence: In this formula, refers to pollutant concentration, mg/m3 in the air at the point of coordinate(x, y) in the downwind direction. : refers to central coordinate of smog ：refers to smog emission during accident; : refers to spread parameter “m” in the direction of x, y, z. Often take As for accident in a flash or short time, this model can be used as follows: 式 中： ——第 个烟团 In this formula, : refers to data of concentration of the NO. mass of smog at the time of (time ) : smog emission, mg, ; : releasing ratio, mg/s , : length of time, s. : refers to equivalent spread parameter of smog “m” in the direction of x, y and z during the time of . This can be calculated by the following formula: (j＝x，y，z) In this formula: (*) and : refers to at the end of , x and y coordinate of central point of the NO. mass of smog. By way of the following two formulas, this can be calculated: The concentration of smog during t hour can be calculated as follows: In this formula, “n” refers to the quantity of smog, which can be made as follows: In this formula, “f” refers to coefficient less than 1, which can be set according to requirement. 2. Prediction Result The spread of pollutant is changed in accordance with atmospheric stability and wind speed. In this assessment process, much attention mainly paid to the stability of Class F and minimum concentration of pollutant in different distances of downwind direction caused by material leakage under the 1.5m/s wind speed. Table 9.5-6 List of Distribution of Dioxin Concentration under Accident meteorological conditions: 1.5m/s，F Current maximum Superimposed Standard weight(60kg) Reference Down wind Concentrat-io concentration(pgT concentration(pgT acceptable intake(pg standard(pgTE distance(m) n(pg/m3) EQ/m3) EQ/m3) TEQ/d) Q/d) 10 0.006 0.086 1.72 20 0.725 0.805 16.1 30 177.793 177.873 3557.46 40 131.117 131.197 2623.94 50 59.072 59.152 1183.04 60 110.753 0.08 110.833 2216.66 24pg TEQ/d 70 120.623 120.703 2414.06 80 103.647 103.727 2074.54 90 71.223 71.303 1426.06 100 10.741 10.821 216.42 110 0.631 0.711 14.22 120 0.023 0.103 2.06 130 0.001 0.081 1.62 140 0.0001 0.0801 1.602 150 0.0000006 0.080001 1.60002 9.5.2 Analysis on Surrounding Environment Influenced by Incinerator Explosion The prediction result tells that the level of pollutant concentration will be the highest in the near downwind direction after the explosion, and an enrichment region of high intensity will be formed near where the explosion happened. As time goes by, the pollutant will spread to the area in the downwind direction with the influence area going the same direction, and meanwhile the highest pollutant concentration will decrease rapidly. In the accident of an incinerator explosion, the scope of the area which can be influenced by dioxin is 150m around the explosion spot. In accordance with the requirement of the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification On Further Strengthening Management of Biomass Power Generation Project (HF [2008] No. 82), “environment impact statement must consists of a special chapter evaluating environmental risk impact, giving high priority to the impact of dioxin and odor pollutants. The accident and risk evaluation standard should be based on 4pgTEQ/kg, the tolerable intake that a person can endure per day, and the total intake through breath that can be allowed should be based on 10% of tolerable intake. The possible influence scope shall be provided according to calculation, and environmental risk protection measures and emergency response plan shall be mapped out in order to eradicate the root of the environmental polluting accidents”. According to calculation based on the average body weight--60kg per person, the average air volume breathed in by an adult--20m3, total intake through breath that can be allowed is 24pgTEQ/d. Above table shows that, with a steady wind speed of 1.5m/s F, the dioxin puff will move long side the downwind axis and gradually expand. The density will be 0.631pgTEQ/m3110m away from the explosion spot in the downwind direction 60s after the explosion, only accounting for 2.6% of the tolerable intake that a person can endure, while that of 150m away is 0.0000006pgTEQ/m3, accounting for 0.000025%. The health protection zone this Project are to establish covers an area of 500m around the factory, thus there will be no residents in the influential scope of the incinerator explosion, just in case, which therefore meets the setting needs of the protection distance in case of an accident. 9.5.3 Influential Analysis of the Impact Methane Explosion Accident has on the Environment Around Only if the two furnaces both stop there is but little possibility of the methane explosion accident when the garbage is stored in the dump pit, while the possibility of that in the leachate collective chamber is much higher. The methane explosion accident will result from two necessary conditions no matter where it will happen: methane density is at the edge of an explosion; an ignition source within the methane which reaches the condition for an explosion. As for this project, this kind of possibility is very low. At the meantime, the density of the methane can be monitored at real time through installing monitoring instrument in the garbage pit and leachate chamber, and also the density can be decreased through opening exhaust fan when it reaches dangerous level; operational provision for garbage pit and leachate chamber shall be implemented for a better management. There shall not be ignition source in garbage pit especially when two furnaces both stop. But if some sorts of work that can produce spark and flame like welding must be conducted within the garbage pit and leachate chamber, please open the accident exhaust fan before the operation in order to reduce the methane density to a acceptable level; as for leachate chamber, special air supply system and extract system shall be installed, through which the density can be decreased. Additionally, given that biogas could be produced during the process of anaerobic treatment in waste treatment plant, this Project will first lead it out, and then burn it by torch for the prevention of explosion accident. 9.5.4 Impact on Environment nearby Caused by the Discharge of Malodorous Gas Led by the Failing of Activated Carbon Adsorption Equipment When the Incinerator Furnace is Stopped and under Overhaul When the incinerator furnace is under overhaul, the Project is designed to adopt an activated carbon adsorption equipment for deodorization, because the activated carbon perform better in absorbing and purifying than other purification methods. The deodorization ratio of activated carbon can be as high as 80%. It works for many kinds of odor-causing materials and can work for a long time. But when the activated carbon adsorption equipment is no longer valid, the malodorous gas will be discharged directly through the 27.5m-long chimney, causing negative impact on the environment. Under this circumstance, the production situation of malodorous gas is shown in the table 9.5-7 as follows. Table 9.5-7 Producing Situation of the Malodorous Gas Led by the Failing of Activated Carbon Adsorption Equipment When the Incinerator Furnace is Stopped and under Overhaul Source of the Volume of Waste Weight of the Chimney Malodorous Gas Gas(Nm3/h) Pollutants(kg/h) Height(m ) Diameter(m) NH3：0.094 Dump Pit(29835m3) 80000 27.5 1.6 H2S：0.0096 The maximum ground-level concentration in an hour and ground-level concentration of the protection goals are shown in table 6.1-22 and table 6.1-23 in Chapter 6.1.6 From the prediction, we can tell that the maximum hourly concentration of ammonia will be 7.9822 ug/m3, accounting for 3.95% of the discharging standard at 7am on September 12th, 2013 in location: (200, 100); the maximum hourly concentration of hydrogen sulfide will be 0.81357 ug/m3, accounting for 80% of the discharging standard at 7am on September 12th, 2013 in location: (200, 100); from the statistics above, we can know that under non-normal working condition, the pollutant source could have to some extent impact on nearby environment, but they are below the standard. The maximum hourly concentrations of the protection targets H2S, NH3both appear in Jia’an Village. According to relevant reference, the olfactory thresholds of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are 0.6 mg/m3, 0.006 mg/m3 respectively. The table 6.1-23 shows that total density that is comprised of the maximum concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and that of environment background concentration is still below the olfactory threshold respectively. All in all, the maximum ground-level concentration will increase because of failing of activated carbon adsorption equipment when the incinerator furnace is stopped and under overhaul. The maximum influential density of each environmental sensitive protection target will be higher than that of normal working condition, affecting nearby residents’ lives, but the density still meets the environment standard. Therefore, effusion of the malodorous gas led by the failing of activated carbon adsorption equipment when the incinerator furnace is stopped and under overhaul should be avoided. 9.5.5 Influential Analysis of the Accidental Discharge of the Waste Water 9.5.5.1 Volume Estimation of Accidental Waste Water Not only the air nearby will be affected by accidents like fire, explosion and leakage, but also the waters around will be influenced by the accidental waste water, which can lead to a series of secondary environment risk accidents. Therefore, this Project is intended to root out the possibility of waters contamination after accidents through adopting managing, collecting and saving measures for dangerous materials like liquid materials leaked during accidents and fire-fighting waste water, and at the meantime through cutting out passage of dangerous material to outside waters. According to Code for Design of Building Fire Protection (GB50016-2006), the total fire-fight water consumption should be equal to the amount of indoor and outdoor fire-fighting water consumption. The outdoor fire-fighting water consumption should be the total water volume used by the fire-fighting and cooling system like fire hydrant, water spray, water curtain, foam that installed outside the civil buildings, workshops (warehouse) and stockyard when they are all needed to be opened. The indoor fire-fighting water consumption should be the total water volume used by the fire-fighting and cooling system like fire hydrant , water spray, water curtain, foam that installed inside the civil buildings, workshops(warehouse) and stockyard when they are all needed to be opened. The outdoor fire-fighting water consumption is determined by fire happening times during the same time period together with fire-fighting water consumption in one time, and is calculated by the biggest water consumption building. The fire happening times during the same time period for this Project is once, the biggest outdoor fire-fighting consumption by fire hydrant is 30L/s, and enduring time of fire is 3hours because fire risk of this project’s workshops and warehouses belongs to fourth and fifth category. Therefore, according to calculation, the biggest outdoor fire-fighting water consumption once for this Project is 324m3. The water consumption of an indoor fire hydrant is 10L/s, no less than 2 hydrants will be used at one time, and the whole process will be calculated by 2 hours. Therefore, the biggest indoor fire-fighting water consumption once is 144 m3. As a result, the total fire-fighting water consumption of the workshop in an accident is 468 m3, which will be stored in the plant’s fire-fighting accident emergency pool after being collected by fire-fighting waste water collective system. 9.5.5.2 Accident Pool Volume Estimation According to Sinopec’s building standards (2006) Article No.43 Design Guideline on Emergency Measures of Water Pollution Prevention and Control, the business accounting of total effective volume of accident storage facilities must consider the following respects: Vtotal＝(V1＋V2-V3)max+V4+V5 Note: (V1＋V2-V3)max means that Within the scope of collection system different cans or devices are calculated respectively and the maximum is taken; V1——A device or inventory of the accident within the scope of collection system, m3; V2——The fire control water of storage tanks and devices when the accident happens, m3; V3——Inventory that can be transported to other storage and handling facilities when the accident happens, m3; V4——Production wastewater quantity that must still enter the collection system when the accident happens, m3; V5——The rainfall that may enter the collection system when the accident happens, m3; (1)Inventory(V1): ammonia tank of the Project is 50m3, so V1=50 m3 (2)Fire control wastewater quantity when the accident happens(V2): through the calculation of fire control wastewater quantity 468 m3, V2=468 m3 (3)Inventory that can be transported to other storage and handling facilities when the accident happens(V3): The cofferdam area of the project’s ammonia tank area is 25 m2 and cofferdam height is 1.0m, so V3=25 m3 (4)Production wastewater quantity that must still enter the collection system when the accident happens(V4): The wastewater quantity of the factory in the Project is 305m3/d. Once the sewage treatment unit has an accident, the discharging water quality will exceed the standards. The Project will consider to collect the wastewater for 8 hours and If the wastewater doesn’t reach the standards after 8 hours, the production will stop, so V4=102m3; (5)The rainfall that may enter the collection system when the accident happens(V5): Rainwater collection when the Project accident happens V3=19.2m3. According to the basic data above, the project’s accident pool volume can be calculated. It is about: V total＝(V1＋V2-V3)max+V4+V5＝(50+468-25)+102+19.2＝614.2m3 According to the calculation above, emergency accident wastewater quantity is 614.2m3 and Wastewater accident pool volume of proposal Project is 650 m3. 9.5.5.3 Accident wastewater collection, interception and disposal programs ◆ Drainage control: once the Project has an accident, the factory’s sewage treatment station will check the operation of the treatment facilities immediately. If the accident doesn’t exert any influence on all the sewage treatment facilities, accident emergency monitoring will be launched at once so as to make sure that the wastewater can still reach the standards. If the accident expands into the sewage treatment factory and causes equipment failure or other problems so that sewage treatment facilities can‘t perform the normal treatment function, main drainage valve should be closed at once and then all the wastewater is sent to the accident pool for temporary storage. Until all accidents and failures are solved, sewage treatment system is restored and water-monitoring pool reaches the discharge standards upon testing, main drainage valve can be opened for drainage. ◆ Set the sewage pump house: cut off valve and combine automatic control with manual control. Automatic control can guarantee the timeliness of the reaction and manual control, as the supplement and back-up, ensures the closeness of stop valve in case of failure of automatic control and can also make sure that sewage pump house stops to operate when accidental sewage discharged can’ t meet requirement because of occurrence of extreme environmental risk accidents so as to sewage doesn’t affect treatment system of Yangtaizi Sewage Plant. ◆ Accident wastewater monitoring: accident wastewater enters accident pool after collection and then wastewater will be monitored with Inspection equipment from inspection room. If meeting influent loads of factory’s sewage treatment station, wastewater from accident pool will be gradually discharged into sewage treatment station and can be discharged after being treated; if influent loads can’t be met, factory will entrust qualified units to treat. A small amount of liquid residues on the ground will be cleaned and removed by sanitation departments after drying it with coal ash and soil, collecting and labeling. In the emergency condition, about the factory’s wastewater collection, interception and disposal see figure 9.5-1. Figure 9.5-1 Interception and Discharge Measures of Wastewater in Emergency Condition 9.6 Preventive Measures of Accident risk 9.6.1 Emissions Risk Countermeasures on Pollution Accident of Incinerator Flue Effluent Treatment System Assign someone in charge of daily environmental management work, make the system of "duties of environmental protection management" and ① environmental pollution prevention and control measures" and strengthen the supervision and management of incinerator flue gas treatment facilities. Strengthen preventive maintenance and maintenance of waste gas treatment facilities and equipment and find potential accident, and timely ② solve it. Equip automatic monitoring system of SO2,NOx,CO,HCl,HF,dust and fume used for incinerating flue gas and conduct on-line monitoring of effect of ③ waste gas pollution treatment. Introduce the waste gas treatment equipment and facilities with advanced technology and good treatment effect and ensure pollutant discharge under ④ certain standard. When the incinerator starts, first preheat bag filter by electricity and then launch the incinerator and bag filter when the required temperature is ⑤ reached. Help combust with light diesel oil when furnace temperature is low. Ensure that the incinerator temperature is equal to or more than and avoid the ⑥ abnormal discharge of the dioxin。 Strengthen centralized control of the project, including that main key device ⑦ adopts distributed control system (DCS) for centralized monitoring and control. If overall or major faults occurs to DCS, furnace can carry out emergency operation of stopping; independent control system and control equipment can monitor system process and operation condition and operate independently in centralized control room; independent control system which supports master device to supply, such as garbage and slag pit skip, rotary sprayer control system, pneumatic and auxiliary burner control system, bag-type dust remover control system, turbine digital electro-hydraulic control system, turbine emergency trip system, etc, can exchange the information with DCS through communication or hardware interface. Measures to reduce the discharge of flue gas A. Preventive measures of semi-dry spray acid- removal system failure ⑧ Strengthen overhaul of atomizer motors and connectors of spray reaction tower to the normal operation. In case of failure, reduce and mitigate impact of replacement time and accident discharge on environment. B. Preventive measures of activated carbon injection system failure Ensure normal operation of activated carbon injection system in process of incineration and guarantee adsorption of heavy metals and dioxins. Activated carbon injection system conducts automatic control and real-time monitoring. Strengthen maintenance of fan at ordinary times to reduce possibility of fan damage. In addition, surface of cloth envelope collector has activated carbon reaction layer which still keeps absorption of heavy metals and dioxins, so short failure of activated carbon injection system won’t have great effect on removal of heavy metals and dioxins. C. Preventive measures for leakage fault of bag-type dust remover Normally, according to usage cycle, bags can be replaced in batches to ensure filter efficiency when furnaces are shut down and overhauled. Once bags leak in the operational procedure, on-line monitors can find leakage immediately in line with change of concentration. What’s more, on-line monitors can segregate bags one by one from leakage and examine to replace new one. Thus, the amount of smoke and dust can’t exceed standard. Safety measures of flue gas process are reinforced. Once system of flue gas process is abnormal, automatic alarm system alarms automatically. At ⑨ this moment, all combustible is forbidden to enter, furnaces enter shutdown, and reducing value in secondary combustor is open. Metal grounding devices are used to reduce fire accidents that are caused by static. Section of combustion in the furnace must ensure temperature meeting requirements to burn refuse thoroughly. 9.6.2 Countermeasures for Light Diesel Oil Leakage and Explosion Risk National regulations which are about safety production are executed strictly, technical safety measures which are about Class B production and storage ① are taken, fire-proof rules and standard which are about Class B industrial design are observed. System of responsibility in safe production is established and improved, and safety inspections at fixed periods are taken. In addition, all pipes and ② values that belong to oil tank are overhauled at fixed periods. All these methods can find potential accident immediately and eliminate it promptly. Safety awareness and education are enhanced, safety sense of workers is improved and safety regulations are carried out seriously to prevent people ③ making mistakes and to formulate relevant emergency measures. The tank of light diesel oil and incinerator can’t be placed too close, thus, they must separate each other with a certain distance. ④ Smoking is strictly prohibited in the surrounding of light diesel oil tank. In addition, dangerous marks must be put in an obvious places and ⑤ appropriate fire-fighting equipment must be provided. The maintenance of fuel system facilities must be reinforced in order to protect pipes and values from leaking. ⑥ Pipes that are designed must protect against static and lighting. The inside of pipes can’t be allowed to have metals that insulate with ground in order ⑦ to prevent static accumulating. 9.6.3 Preventive Measures to Prevent Accident of oil Depots that Cause Environmental Risk. According to relevant standard, cofferdams and collection pools are built in the areas of oil tank. Firstly, the construction for oil tanks must be in line with fire safety rules strictly in order to ensure fire separation, fire engine access, fire-fighting equipment and so on meeting requirements. Once tanks catch fire, enough fire-protection distance and fire-fighting equipment (cooling water of water spray and so on) that meets specified requirements can protect near tanks from fire’s heat radiation. Fire dikes should be built in the surrounding of tanks and requirements which include effective volume, height and so on should be meted in fire dikes in line with regulations. Considering from point of view of risk, we suggest Project formulating thoroughly preventive measures to prevent plugging. (2)Except designing cofferdams and fire dikes for oil tanks in line with standard, collection pools that collect leaked petroleum products in cofferdams should be built. What’s more, emergency pools that can contain liquid from whole factory’s fire accident should be considered to build. (3)When leakage accident of light diesel oil happens, drainage system in the area of tanks must be cut off at first. Thus, it can prevent leak material entering into storm-water system and source of leaks must be cut off as quickly as possible. (4)When fire or explosion happens, storm water valve are closed and entrance of rainwater collection that may be polluted are plugged at first, and all effluent enters into collection pools; in addition, pollutant that is produced by fire includes carbon monoxide, smoke and dust, and so on. Pollutant is sprayed and washed mainly by fire fighting water that must enter into emergency pools after using in order to lighten the influence for environment. 9.6.4 Measures to Prevent Sewage Accidents (1)Preventive Countermeasures for Accident of Sewage Disposal System In order to ensure stably operation of sewage treatment engineering, sewage discharge and entry system should be closed when leachate treatment system accident occurred, discharging the leachate into emergency pool directly and handling it after accident. (2)Measures for the accident of sewage treatment engineering ① Improve accidental buffer capacity Under accidental situations, in order to ensure the normal operation of recovery engineering, enough buffer room should be leaved for hydraulic structures(such as additional emergency pool), and at the same time, treatment equipment like reflux pump, reflux pipes, instruments and valves also need to be equipped. ② Equipped with automatic analysis monitor In order to ensure optimum treatment effect, operators have to adjust operational parameter to make sure equipment at a optimum condition. ③ Select high-quality equipment The products in sewage treatment engineering like all kinds of machinery electrical equipment and dashboards must choose high-quality, low failure and easy to maintain one. Key equipment for only one use, vulnerable equipment should spare to keep from failures. ④ Enhance the supervision of the signs of accident As main operators, strictly training for theoretical and practical operation should be accepted. In order to find out the signs of accident, regular patrol In order to find out the signs of accident, regular petrol, adjustment, maintenance and serving are necessary. (3)Countermeasures for fetor of emergency pool The emergency pool adjoin to leachate regulating pool, the former one was sealed, fetor from inside and the air above regulating pool will be expelled into negative pressure area by exhaust fan, then the primary air fan will extracted the air above waste pit as combustion auxiliary and sent it into incinerator. Through seal the pool and extract combustion, not only can get rid of the odorants by decomposition and oxidation, but also keep fetor from influencing surrounding environment. 9.6.5 Measures to Prevent Explosion Accident of Incinerator There are several prevention, mitigation and emergency measures which can be selected to avoid the explosion caused by excess CO of incinerator. Firstly, by monitoring the oxygen content in the incinerator obtained the condition of incomplete combustion, adjusting timely to make sure ample combustion. Then, induced draft fan and blower work together, once accident happened to induced draft fan, the blower should be closed and same for incinerator. What's more, supervising the negative pressure of incinerator is to keep positive pressure at bay. Fourthly, if the incinerator have to shut down due to the explosion, the blower should be closed immediately, meanwhile, keep induced draft fan working for a while. Finally, do the daily inspection and maintenance of incinerator and put an end to accidents. 9.6.6 Measures to Prevent Explosion Accident of Methane ① Equip concentration detector in waste pit and leachate pool to monitor methane concentration, when the methane concentration is up to a certain level, the exhaust blower needs to be turn on to keep the concentration down. ② In management, strictly enforce the indoor work rules of waste pit and leachate pool. No fire emerged in waste pit especially under the circumstances of total closure of two incinerators, if welding work which can cause spark has to carry out, ensure the exhaust blower is turn on to keep a lower methane concentration. ③ Equip special air supply system and air exhaust system for leachate room, thorough air supply and exhaust to reduce methane concentration to avoid explosion. 9.6.7 Measures to prevent odor mission accident which due to the failure of the activated carbon absorption device and the breakdown of waste pit negative pressure system during the maintenance period of incinerator. Enforced the inspection and maintenance of activated carbon absorption device to make sure the incinerator can operate during maintenance period. Set up a pressure real-time monitoring system in the waste pit, when the waste pit pressure is abnormal, the monitor can detect and set off the alarm timely. Enhance the maintenance of primary air fan and set spare fan to remain stable for waste pit negative pressure system. Enhance the maintenance of the automatic doors of discharge hall to ensure negative pressure environment of waste pit. 9.6.8 Risk Precautions of Ammonia Storage Tanks An accountability system for safe production should be established and improved to ensure regular safety inspections, periodically checks on and ① repairs to overall pipelines and valves of tanks, timely reaction to latent dangers and swift solutions. Air-proof block valves in good condition are a necessity. Safety consciousness and instructions, as well as the enforcement of safety regulations and systems are needed to prevent mistakes made by ② staff. Relevant emergency measures are available in case of accidents. Apart from the room for installation of local instruments that can offer immediate tests of liquid levels, pressure and temperature, more space is ③ needed for remote ones and alarm boxes. If the liquid is over 85% of the tank’s capacity or lower than 15%, or the pressure reaches to the extreme design one, the alarm box will ring to activate emergency measures. A cofferdam set outside of the ammonia storage area prevents peripheral troubles by ammonia’s outflow if leakage happens. ④ The equipment of drainage system for accidents: water cannons and emergency fire pumps wash the released ammonia and dilute it with plenty ⑤ of water, then drain the liquid to the emergency catch basin. Never place any combustible objects within the length of 20m to ammonia storage tanks. ⑥ Labels and placards of Dangerous Goods should be set on the cofferdam of ammonia storage tank. ⑦ 9.7 The Emergency Plan for Accidents 9.7.1 The Purpose of Emergency Plan for Accidents The purpose of emergency plan for accidents is to make a swift reaction with a highest efficiency when facing particular situations, and to offer orderly first aids and control of the situation in order to bring down the negative effect and loss. 9.7.2 Basic Requirements of Emergency Plan for Accidents The basic requirements of emergency plan for accidents include rationality, usefulness and authority. The emergency rescue in accidents is particularly rational. It is necessary to carry out a reasonable analysis and demonstration, and also to establish an exact, consistent and comprehensive emergency plan, which accords with the objective realities of projects and characteristics of usefulness, simplicity and easy access for practice. A specific regulation that defines responsibilities, permissions, tasks, working standards, rewards and penalties after accidents should be absorbed in the system of the enterprise and be an authority. 9.7.3 The Environmental Risk Emergency Organization and Its Responsibilities For potential environmental risks, the proposed project group should establish a leading team for emergency aids under accidents, which is adequate if charged by Health, Safety and Environment Protection Management Team. The team is a permanent sector for companies preventing and dealing with emergencies, and its responsibilities are: (1) To compile and revise the emergency plan. (2) To construct team for emergency rescue and organize training and practice. (3) To inspect the enforcement of safety in all process. (4) To inspect and supervise the preparation of precautions and emergency rescues for potential major accidents. (5) To issue or release orders if it is needed. (6) To inform accidents in details to their higher level, departments of government, neighbor companies and residents. (7) To make an investigation into reasons, offer a proper resolution and draw lessons. 9.7.4 Risk Accident Disposal Procedures The risk accident disposal of projects needs a complete disposal procedures figure. Once an emergence happens, actions shall be taken according to risk accident disposal procedures. The basic procedures of enterprise risk accident disposal emergency organization system is as shown in the figure 9.7-1, and enterprise emergency response procedures is as shown in the figure 9.7-2. The enterprise should make some adjustment according to its own situation. Under emergency In social rescue rescue Experts Committee of Emergency Site emergency command center Professional enterprise departments Professional Safety supervision Production Environment monitoring and Society government departments Safety Medical treatment Environmental protection Professional fire control site Accident Volunteer fire control Information and communicati Communication Material supply Maintenance Transportation Material Public security Maintenance Figure 9.7-1 Enterprise Risk Accident Disposal Emergency Organization System Social emergency rescue center Command center Experts committee of emergency Professional rescue team Monitoring teamMonitoring estimation team Rapid andteam hydrology Meteorology rescueMedical team Transportsecurity team rescue Decontamination team team Protection team Communication Transportationteam water teamPower &gas Off-site emergency area Accident site Figure 9.7-2 Enterprise Emergency Response Procedures 9.7.5 Risk Accident Disposal Measures To effectively dispose risk accident, feasible disposal measures shall be taken. Risk accident emergency measures include equipment, incident command, rescue medical system, communication system and other systems, scene emergency measures plan, accident hazard monitoring team, evacuation and rehabilitation measures and so on. (1) Establish alarm system, communication system and accident disposal leadership system. (2) Make emergency actions to effectively deal with accidents, which needs to be recognized by relevant departments and needs the effective cooperation with relevant departments. (3) Specify responsibility to the departments and relevant individuals. (4) Make implementation plans of control and reduce the influence coverage and degree and remedial actions. (5) The management of the scene of the accident and the monitoring of the whole process of the accident disposal should be undertaken by experienced staffs and staffs from relevant department. (6) To enhance the cooperatively rescue level and practical capability of the accident disposal team, test the comprehensive operation status of emergency response and enhance the practical capability of the rescue system, the emergency rescue exercise should be held. 9.7.6 Risk Accident Contingency Plans Contingency plans must be drawn in advance for the proposed projects to deal with possible risk accident. Once an accident happens, it can be disposed immediately with full preparation. The contingency plans of risk accident include classification of contingency status, the level of contingency plans area and accident, contingency protection, contingency medical treatment and so on. Therefore, risk accident contingency plans should include the following content: Table 9.7-1 Key Points of the Emergency Response Plan for Environmental Risk Accidents No. Item Content and Requirement Dangerous targets: Plants Zone, Area for Light Diesel Oil 1 Planning Zone Tanks , Environmental Protection Objects 2 Response Organizations and Factory, local emergency response organizations and Personnel personnel The plan should state the gradation standard of Emergency Plans and initiating procedures of responses at different level, following the principle of “the self-rescue of enterprise Gradation of Emergency Plans and and the supervision of local government” depending on the 3 Responses controllability, severity and influence of the environmental accident, requesting timely to initiate the response plan at higher level if conditions beyond the environmental emergency response capacity of the enterprise in the plan. 4 Emergency Response Support Equipment and facilities for emergency response The plan should state the methods of alarm and communication and traffic regulation and 5 Alarm and Communication insurance;enterprises should be equipped with necessary wired and wireless communication equipment so to insure a good connectivity when response plan initiated. Measures for Environment Professional team responsible for investigating and Monitoring for Emergency monitoring the accident situation, assessing the nature, data 6 Response, Rescue, Aid and and consequences of the accident and providing basis for Situation-Control decisions-making. Emergency Detection, Protective Measures and equipment to eliminate and prevent pollution 7 Measures, Measures and from the scene of the accident, neighboring area and fire-free Equipment for Eliminating Pollution area Regulations on toxicant dose control for people in the scene, Emergency Staff Evacuation, neighboring area, places influenced by the accident and the 8 Emergency Dose Control, public, making strategy for staff evacuation, aid, medical care Strategy-making for Evacuation and public health protection The plan should state the termination procedures of the Termination Procedures of emergency, closure and rehabilitation measures of the 9 Emergency Accidents Rescue and accident scene, the termination of emergency and prohibition Restoration Measures on neighboring area and remedial measures. After the design of the emergency response plan, organizing Training Plan for Emergency 10 training courses and rehearsals of the plan for concerned Responses personnel. Educating and training public around the factory and 11 Public Education and Information releasing relative information 12 Documentation and Report Establishing special documents about emergency accidents, building recording and specialized reports system, setting special department for management Preparation and establishment of various enclosed 13 Enclosures documents concerning emergency accidents 9.8 Summary Toxicant, flammable and explosive materials involved in this project are light diesel oil, HC1, CO, NH3, H2S, dioxins. Four situations are mainly considered in the construction of the proposed project. Firstly the breakdown of flue-gas treatment facilities of incinerators; secondly two incinerators disabled accident; thirdly impacts of incinerators explosion on neighboring areas and fourthly the accidental emission of odor pollutants due to the dysfunction of odor pollution prevention and control system. Accidents cofferdam will be placed in surrounding of light diesel oil tanks in order to contain all diesel oil from tanks within the cofferdam under accidental circumstances and prevent oil from leaking into surface water environment. The predicted result of the accidental failure of flue-gas treatment system demonstrates that under the accidental emission circumstance, the impact of dioxins-like pollutants on neighboring areas are relatively strong compared to that under normal situation but can still satisfy the requirement of related assessment standards that the tolerable daily intake for human body should be under 4pgTEQ/kg and that the allowed intake through breathing for human body should account for no more than 10% of tolerable daily intake. In the condition of accidents, the odor polluted gas will be discharged through a 27.5-meter-high exhaust gas chimney after the adsorption treatment by active carbon. Both the volume and the impact on neighboring area of emission will remain small. Strengthened management will be necessary for this project, all preventive measures for all accidents in this report should be implemented strictly, emergency response plans should be designed accordingly, and all possible measures should be taken to avoid the occurrence and escalation of all kinds of accidents and prevent pollution from local environment. In brief, after the construction of this project, the level of risk will be acceptable with the premise of the guaranteed implementation of the preventive measures for environmental risks. 10. Cleaner Production 10.1. Analysis on the Compatibility of Industrial Policy This project is the comprehensive utilization of slag after incineration of municipal solid waste, and the final disposal of fly ash. This project is Article 20 "Reduction of Urban Waste and Other Solid Waste, Resource, Harmless Treatment and Comprehensive Utilization Project" in the Decision on Amending the Relevant Clauses of the Catalogue for Guiding Industry Restructuring (2013 Version), the thirty-eighth category of "Environmental Protection and Resource Conservation Comprehensive Utilization"; the project is also in line with the national requirements of "Opinions on Further Exploitation of Resources". The construction of the project conforms to some relevant regulations in the Measures for the Administration of Comprehensive Utilization of Resources Encouraged by the State (FG [2006] No. 1864) and the Municipal Solid Waste Treatment and Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Policy (CJ [2000] No. 120) The incinerator temperature is higher than 850 ℃. The technical parameters for ensuring that the flue gas has a residence time of more than 2 seconds at temperatures above 850 ° C meet the technical requirements from the "current state to encourage the development of environmental protection industry equipment (product) directory" (the first batch) for waste incineration equipment. This project meets the relevant requirements from Opinions on Strengthening the Key Work of Environmental Protection (NDRC [2011] No. 35) "Support policies renewable energy power generation, waste heat power generation and waste incineration power generation to implement preferential Internet access " Therefore, this project conforms to national industrial policy. 10.2 Contrastive Analysis of Domestic Waste Treatment Technology China's solid waste pollution control work began in the early 1980s. According to the experience at home and abroad, China put forward technology policy on solid pollution control taking "resource", "harmless", "reduction" as standard. It means that China mainly focus on “harmless” in some periods, and then transform from the "harmless" to "resource" with the development of economic, technical and management system. (1) Harmless The basic task of solid waste treatment is to process solid waste through construction management; aiming to achieve the level of no harm to human health, do not pollute the surrounding natural environment (including the native environment and secondary environment). At present, the harmless treatment of waste has developed into a new engineering technology; including waste incineration, sanitary landfill, composting, anaerobic fermentation of feces, heat treatment, detoxification of hazardous waste and so on. However, when it comes to harmless treatment, it isn’t the versatile treatment and also has its limitations. For example, incineration of garbage need to have a higher calorific value of waste, fermentation requires high content of organic matter. And harmless treatment usually produces secondary pollution, such as landfill will produce leachate, pollution of groundwater, incineration will produce carcinogenic substances. (2) Reduction The reduction of solid waste is completed mainly through the appropriate reduction and reduces the amount and volume of solid waste. The realization of this task needs to start from two aspects; ①The treatment and utilization of solid waste: This is mainly reduce the volume or weight of garbage through a variety of means, for example, the volume can be reduced by 80% to 90% after the incineration of household waste treatment , the embers is convenient for transport and processing. And Compaction, crushing also can achieve the purpose of reduction. ② Reduce the production of solid waste ： to improve or use new manufacturing techniques from the beginning. To reduce or get rid of producing wastes, need to start with Resources comprehensive development and the comprehensive utilization of material in the process of production. At the same time, it is necessary for the government to publish laws and regulations to popularize the 3R ideology (reduce, reuse, and recycle), and reduce the discharge of garbage from the perspective of quantity and quality, to limit production, circulation, consumption, etc. For instance, tax preference can be used to make the recycling package materials cheaper than others, or, charging waste handling fees to enhance the price of non-regenerative packing materials, in order to enhance the environmental awareness of using regeneration packages. (3) Resource The basic task of resource recycling is to take practical measures to recover useful materials and energy from solid waste. The principle of resource is: ①The market is complementary to the collection. Only to establish a market, to collect and resource, while the establishment of the market to continue to provide recycled products to ensure the quality of products to be assured; ②The economy of system mainly refers to the balance between input and output of system; to the balance dispose, deal and recycle of renewable resources; to the economic comparison between primary resources and secondary resources. ③ Technologic feasibility of system development depends on technology development of science and technology. ④Environmental benefits devised by system are infeasible if they cause serious problem about secondary pollution. In china, the development trend of solid waste disposal and recycle must follow the road from “harmless” to “recycling”. Premise of “recycling” is “harmless” and the condition of “harmless” and “reduction” should be “recycling”. The development of garbage disposal in the world has gone through more than a century, which leads to a more complete mode of disposal in developed countries, such as mechanized composting technology, wastes pyrolysis incinerator technology and sanitary landfill technology. The field has much experience especially in removal, collection, disposal and management of garbage. However, garbage disposal is not just a matter of disposal; the core of the rational design of garbage disposal plants is how to dispose of garbage rationally and effectively and how to achieve the regeneration and utilization of resources to match the demand of sustainable development. In China, start for disposal of waste safely is not early. In addition, the capacity for waste harmless disposal is low. In recent years, with the government at all levels paying attention to protect environment, dispose of waste safely has an accelerated development trend 。 Nowadays ， processing techniques for household refuse are mainly sanitary landfill. Some cities that have more advanced techniques gradually develop compost disposal and incineration disposal. The comparison of processing techniques for household refuse is as followed: 10-2-1. Our country began with the built of garbage comprehensive disposal plant since the 1980s, gave priority to vertical anti-seepage. Since the 1990s, we began to build more normative disposal plants. Currently, we mainly adopt sanitary landfill technology to dispose of garbage. Some of our cities has built a few composting plants since the late 1980s, but due to the inferior quality of compost and the poor sales, most of the composting plants ran into trouble. But we should notice that waste organic fertilizer has the market potential. Owing to the launching of sorted refuse collection, the refinement of garbage composting technology and the development of garbage industrialization, garbage composting technology will reach its second peak in a short time. In 1985, we built our first domestic incineration plant. So far, some of the big cities have built kiloton incineration plants, such as Shanghai, Ningbo, and Guangzhou and so on. Urban Domestic Garbage Disposal and Pollution Prevention Technology Policy jointly issued by Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration, as well as Ministry of science and technology pointed out that: Landfill, burning, compost, recycling and other garbage disposal technology and equipment are available with prerequisites. Under the principle of adaptation to local condition, technological feasibility, reliable equipment, proper scale, comprehensive controlling and utilizing, local government can choose one of these ways or a few ways to combination. Cities with comprehensive treatment space resource and proper natural condition should apply landfill as basic project; Cities with economic condition, calorific value of waste but lack of comprehensive treatment space could develop measure of burning. According to the analogic survey and the operational experience of power plants that burn urban house refuse, the processing characteristics of incinerators are as follows: (1)Due to the large fluctuation of refuse’s heat value, the temperature of firepots goes down when heat value falls. In order to pretend the danger caused by low-temperature burning, this event uses automatic injection to help the incinerator burn. (When the temperature goes down) (2)The excess air coefficient of the incinerator is strictly controlled. We lower the emission of smoke, improve the efficiency of energy and reduce the emission of NOx in order to pretend our environment from being polluted again and lower the investment towards instruments and the operational fee. (3)The temperature in the firepot must be controlled beyond 850℃. ( This is because PCDD/PCDF can be resolved when the temperature is beyond 800℃. When the degree of Oxygen is beyond 8%, smoke can stay in firepots for more than 2 seconds. Then, the chlorine oxide which easily produces PCDD/PCDF can be burnt completely, or the produced PCDD/PCDF can be resolved completely. (4)Make effort to shorten the time when smoke is being processed and emitted under the temperature of 300℃-500℃ so that the temperature area in which carbon dioxide can formed easily is shortened. The temperature of smoke should be limited in 200℃ when it is being emitted so that the reproduction of carbon dioxide can be reduced. (5) Because subtle dioxins are harmful material, even it can complete combust in the incinerator, and waste heat boiler exhaust temperature being controlled no more than 200 ℃, furnace exhaust still can produce a certain number of dioxins, therefore, we use half dry reaction tower and bag-type dust collector in the flue gas treatment system, and spray activated carbon powder into the bag-type dust collector at the same time to absorb undecomposed and resynthetic toxic substance like PCDD or PCDF, through the use of bag-type dust collector with excellent dust catching ability, we effectively remove dioxins, harmful heavy metals. Half dry reaction tower and bag-type dust collector can also wipe out smoke, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas emissions of garbage incinerator. (6) The project uses mature grate furnace process which is recommended by the national policy, the equipment has a higher safety factor and lower cost of both manufacture and operation; Operation has realized mechanization and automation, and adapts the domestic garbage well. According to the factors of components of refuse in Shou County, and the modern state of development of the city, this project currently use incineration power generation, as the way of getting rid of garbage. Table 10.2-1 Comparison of Domestic Waste Disposal Technology Points of Sanitary Landfill Incineration Compost Comparison Relatively reliable. Inside the Technical Relatively reliable. It’s a kind Reliable. It a traditional method. country has practical Reliability of mature technology. experience. Dynamic intermittent composting plant disposes Each furnace disposes Usually large, depending on the 100-200 tons of waste per Project Scale 150-600 tons of waste per operating site and years of use. day; Dynamic continuous day. composting plant disposes 100-200 tons of waste per day. Difficulty in Relatively difficult. With certain difficulty. With certain difficulty. Choosing Location Floor Space 500～900sq.meter per ton ～100 sq.meter per ton 110～150 sq.meter per ton Construction Period Nine to twelve months. Twenty to twenty-four months Twelve to eighteen months The content of No strict requirement of waste Low calorific value of the Applicable biodegradable organic composition. But water content waste should be more than Conditions matter in waste is more than should not be too high. 3767kJ/kg. 40%. Relatively good. Must be Relatively good. Biogas delivery Operational Safety operated in strict accordance Relatively good. should be smooth. with the rules. Management Level General High Relatively high Implementation of the Biogas recovery. Biogas can be Heat or electricity can be compost market has some Product Market used as power generation and used by society under the difficulties. Need to take a the like. support of government. variety of measures Major Stench treatment of Smoke and ash treatment is Environmental Seepage treatment is difficult. aerobic composting is difficult. Issues difficult. Biogas collected after Energy Waste heat used for anaerobic fermentation Biogas used for generation. Regeneration generation. process can be used to generate electricity. Part of the waste materials Composting for agricultural Resource To restore or use the land can be recycled. Incineration cultivation and landscaping. Utilization resources after blockage. residue can be used Recycling part of the comprehensively. material. Stabilization 20-50 years About 2 hours 15-60 days Duration Incineration residues should Non-compostable waste have final disposal. It should have final disposal. It Final Disposal Landfill itself is a final treatment. accounts for 10%-30% of the accounts for 30%-40% of the total amount of waste put into total amount of waste put the furnace. into the furnace. With less possibilities. Should have a perfect seepage Residue landfill is similar to Surface Water Sewage should be and filter treatment equipment. waste landfill, but with less Pollution discharged into the city pipe But compliance is not easy. water content. network. Need to have anti-seepage Groundwater measures. Artificial substrate With less possibilities. With less possibilities. Pollution investment is sizeable. Slight pollution. Can use air The control and treatment of With slight odor. Deodorizing Air Pollution guiding, covering, isolation acid gases and dioxins device and isolation belt building and other measures. should be strengthened should be set up. Control the heavy metal Soil Pollution Limited to landfill areas None content and pH level in the compost. Major Anti-seepage of field bottom, Malodor control, dust Smoke control, noise control, Environmental daily coverage, landfill gas control, pollution treatment, residue treatment, malodor Protection guide, seepage and filter residue disposal and the control and the like. Measures treatment and the like. like. Investment(ten 18-27(Single layer synthetic 50-70(Waste heat power thousand per 23-32(Organic fertilizer, substrate, compressor generation, localization rate ton)(No Land localization rate of 60%) introduction) of 50%) Charge) Disposal Costs 22～21 30～60 25～45 (yuan per ton) Large amount of processing. Low operating costs. Relatively A high degree of Moderate investment, Use a simple process. Biogas harmlessness and reducing. long period of time. A high Technical produced in large landfill has a Comprehensive utilization of degree of harmlessness. Characteristics certain value. Consumptive field heat. Use a long period of Products with agricultural for residues produced in other time and take less land. value. ways The site is limited by High investment with Can only deal with geographical, geological and relatively high operating composting organic matter Disadvantages hydrogeological conditions; The costs. Complex process and of the garbage. Requires a service life of the site is greatly equipment. Requiring certain content. High affected by the amount of waste. garbage to have a certain operating costs. Product calorific value. Demanding sales subjected to high management level. restrictions 10.3 The analysis of Cleaner Production 10.3.1 The advancement of choosing a incinerator This project applies more advanced mechanic grate incinerator. Nowadays, widely used at home and abroad, owned relatively mature technology, four main types of household garbage incinerator become more and more popular, for example, mechanic grate incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, pyrolysis incinerator and rotary kiln incinerator. (1)The Mechanic Grate Incinerator The mechanic grate incinerator used stratified combustion technology, which has the advantages of lower requirements for waste disposal, wide suitability of the calorific value of refuse and also easy to operate and maintain. In the contemporary world especially in the western countries and Japan, this kind of incinerator is the commonly used one which has the maximum disposal of city garbage. Due to the relatively mature technology, the single processing scale of the incinerator can up to 1200t/d. Garbage on the grate allow to go through the second burning block where they catch on fire. The heat not only produced by the circulation of radiation and smog from above, but also from the internal of garbage. Under some special actions, the fired garbage on the grate were stirred and mixed intensively, in that good for bottom garbage to be burned. Continued mix and stir are beneficial to the burning and burn out of garbage since it makes the garbage loosen and enhance the permeability. (2)Fluid-Bed Incinerator Fluid-bed technology had been exploited before 70 years; it was used for burning industrial sludge in 1960s, and used for burning domestic garbage in 1970s. This technology was widely used in Japan during the 1980s, with market share more than ten percent. Later during late 1990s, its application in burning domestic garbage decreased for the fly ash of the fluid-bed incinerator itself and high loss on ignition which was difficult to control, and the raise on the standards of flue and gas emission. Fluid-bed incinerator’s burning mechanism is similar to fluidized bed combustion (FBC) of coal: using the high Heat Capacity of bed material to ensure the burnout of garbage. Heating the bed material to about 600℃, then put the garbage in and keep the temperature of bed around 850℃. The fluid-bed incinerator could burn any garbage, completely burnout. But this technology has a strict demand for breaking pretreatment, without which the incinerator was likely to breakdown. In China, fluid-bed was applied to some degree, but most fluid-bed had to add some coal to keep normal incineration. Therefore, now the technology was controversial and needed to be improved before applied in burning garbage. (3)Pyrolysis Incinerator Pyrolysis incinerator refers to decompose organics at certain temperature (500℃to 600℃) in anoxic and even anaerobic condition, the organics will go through pyrolysis process and turn into thermal decomposition gas (mixed inflammable gas); Then burn the gas in burning room. The organics was decomposed, and the excess heat can be used for generate power and heating. Pyrolysis technology can be widely used for dealing with garbage in many areas. However, influenced by the characteristics of garbage, the characteristics of thermal decomposition gas (calorific value, component and others) are unstable. It is hard to control the burning of organics, and the ash is hard to burnout, as well as difficulty on reaching the environmental protection. This technology was applied in Canada and some small American cities, and wasn’t applied in developed area. In addition, in Europe and Japan, pyrolysis incinerator always used rotary kiln and fluid-bed, adding burning melting furnace. The ash was burnout and melting into glassy ash. This technology was partly used in developed countries because it demands high calorific value garbage, and it costs much to build a factory, and the running cost of this technology is twice as mechanical grate. (4)Rotary Kiln Incinerator Rotary kiln incinerator’s burning mechanism is similar to rotary kiln in cement industry. It was composed by an inclined steel cylinder. And the inwall of which may be built by refractory material or tube waterwall to protect the cylinder. Garbage was put into the cylinder by the entrance, moving forward and turning over with the rotating of cylinder. The desiccation, inflaming, burning, burnout was finished in the cylinder. The time garbage stay in the cylinder could be adjust by adjusting the rotating speed of cylinder. Rotary kiln incinerator is commonly used in decomposing complex composition, poisonous and harmful industrial waste and medical waste, rarely used in garbage burning now. For most large incinerator in our country was mechanical grate incinerator and fluid-bed incinerator, there’s an analysis of advantages and disadvantages between the two kinds of incinerator, see chart 10.3-1. Table 10.3-1 A comparison of grate furnace and fluidized bed is as followed:10.3-1 Incinerator of mechanical grate Factor Index Incinerator of fluidized bed furnace The rate of incinerating for unit area of mature technology、simple furnace bed is high、burning thoroughly、 Advantage disposal process、control it can be used in refuse disposal secondary pollution efficiently contained high moisture The energy consumption is large、the The rate of incinerating for unit maintenance for facilities of refuse Weakness area of grate furnace is low shatter is difficult、the amount of smoke and dust is large Environmental 0 -5 Environmen cleaning tal Sewage、effluent 0 0 protection Air environment 0 0 Noise -5 -5 Coverage -5 -10 Construction cost -5 -5 Operation Economy -5 -10 maintenance cost Resources +5 +5 recovery Technical +10 +5 feasibility Technology Operational +10 +5 complexity Landscape +10 +5 Society Universality of +10 +2 global usage Total points 25 -13 The analysis shows that the mechanical furnace has the following characteristics compared with other furnace types. Mature technology. Almost all large-scale incineration plants use the type. Inside our country has successful precedent as well. ① Be more adaptable to characteristics of domestic garbage which have high moisture and low calorific value. By using mechanical furnace, the ② garbage can be completely burned. Reliable and convenient operation with strong adaptability to the garbage, it’s not easy to cause secondary pollution. ③ High economic value. The garbage does not require pretreatment, only need to be put into the furnace directly. And the operating costs are ④ relatively low. Equipment with long life, stability and reliability. It has easy operation and maintenance. The country has already had matching technology ⑤ and equipment. According to requirements of “Municipal Solid Waste Treatment and Pollution Control Policy”, issued by the State Ministry of Construction, the State Environment Protection Administration and Ministry of Science and Technology, the current garbage incineration should use mature technology based on mechanical furnace. Other types of furnaces should be used carefully. For the above reasons, this project will choose the mechanical furnace with mature technology. 10.3.2 The advanced handling of burnt smoke The processing of smoke purification is assured according to the produced pollution components, concentrations and effluent standard operated during the process of refuse burning. Usually, we focus on the control of acid gas (HC1, SO2), particles, and heavy metal and organic toxicants. The removal of acid gas and the collection of particles are essential in the processing desire. Currently, dry purification, half dry purification, wet purification, NOx purification and active carbon injection are main processing. Each processing can combine with others, so there is various combination. The introductions are as follows. (1)Dry Purification Process That reaction tower of dry absorption combines bag filter is called classified processing. Smoke produced during burning process gets into the reaction tower directly and have chemical neutralization reaction with particles of Ca (OH)2 injected into the tower. Nontoxic neutral salt particles will be produced in this reaction. Then, smoke gets into bag filters. In the filter, resultants, dust in smoke, absorbent not taking part in the reaction are collected and then smoke is purified. Dry purification is simple, cheap and it produces no waste water. It has low corrosivity to equipment. The temperature of smoke is not high and it produces no white smoke. The disadvantage is that it requires a large quantity of medicament. (2)Half-dry Purification Currently, half-dry purification is used very often in dealing with burnt smoke in China and foreign plants that burn refuse. Ca (OH)2 solution is the main absorbent. That half-dry neutral reaction tower combine’s bag filter is the classified processing. Ca (OH)2 solution rotates and atomizes in the tower. Alkaline particles that have a very small diameter are produced and acid gas is turned into salt that falls to the bottom of the tower. Then, smoke with a lot of particles gets into bag filters. Some limes that are not in the last reaction react with acid gas passing through filter-bags again, which improves the efficiency of removal. The effect of half-dry purification that removes acid from pollutant is equal to dry purification. It uses a small quantity of drugs and produces no waste water. The disadvantage is that atomizing disks wear out easily and that when the temperature of smoke goes down, it produces white smoke. (3)Wet Purification This processing is often used in countries that have a high level of technology development. That wet scrubber combine’s bag filter is classified processing. Wet scrubber controls SO2 and HC1 best. The absorption efficiency is controlled by the speed of acid gas spreading to alkaline absorption drop. Wet scrubber often uses NaOH solution or Ca(OH)2 solution. Slaked lime is cheap, so the main solution is slaked lime. Slaked lime solution reacts with acid and produces calcium salt. Circulating washing water must be levigated, concentrated and filtrated so that it will not deposit in equipment. The biggest advantage of wet purification is that it has a high removal of acid, and it removes organic pollutants and heavy metal toxicity effectively. The disadvantage is that it produces waste water contains inorganic chloride that is of high concentration and heavy metal toxicity. It is very difficult to deal with. It is also very expensive both in investment and operation. (4)The absorption of Active Carbon Injection To make sure that heavy metal (especially Hg) and organic toxicity obey the effluent standard, some foreign countries adopt the absorption active carbon injection to purify smoke as an auxiliary measure. Active carbon has a large specific surface area, and it has a strong absorption to heavy metal and dioxins. Usually, we use active carbon injection and bag filter together. Active carbon injectors are in the front of bag filters. Active carbon and smoke combine and absorb certain amount of pollutant. Even if it has not saturated, it can still get in touch with smoke passing through filter-bag again. This will increase pollutant’s purification and reach the lowest emission. (5)NOx purification process The above processes have high purification efficiency for acid gas and particles, as well as to have a high removal rate of heavy metals, dioxins and furans, but have no obvious effect on removing NOx. This project uses selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process to denitrify in the furnace by injecting the ammonia into the second combustion zone of the waste incinerator, the purification efficiency of which can be 30% ~ 50%. Comparison of typical processes of flue gas purification 10.3-2. Table 10.3-2 Comparison of Typical Processes for Flue Gas Purification Dry absorption Semi-dry absorption Wet absorption Item compared ＋bag dedusting ＋bag dedusting ＋bag dedusting SO2emission <100 <100 <60 concentration HCl emission concentration <50 <50 <30 Particles emission concentration <30 <30 <10 Removal rate of heavy metals Comparatively high High High and organic toxicants Fly ash produced Much General Little Sludge and None None Much wastewater generated Project investment Comparatively low General High Operating cost Comparatively high General High The project adopts the flue gas purification system including the method of semi- dry, dry, active carbon injection and bag dust removal, as well as the selective non-catalytic reduction system (SNCR). It combines with the advantages of various processes to ensure that emissions of flue gas can meet the control requirements. 10.3.3Automatic Control System In order to ensure the security and stability of our factory, improve the automation level of the plants, and meet the strict requirements of automatic control system for the mechanized incineration system, we use the advanced automatic control instruments and automation control technology to carry out the production automatic control in the incineration treatment. The monitor and control range of DCS centralized control system includes: the garbage receiving and storage system (including load meter station, garbage grab etc.), waste incineration line (including incinerator, waste heat boiler, flue gas purification system, smoke air system, slag system etc.), thermal system (steam system), fuel pump, plant power system and auxiliary production system. 10.3.4Project Energy Saving Measures 10.3.4.1 Garbage incineration power generation This project uses the low-level heat produced in the incineration disposal of garbage to generate electricity. It not only makes it more efficient to dispose domestic waste, but also realizes the resource utilization of garbage, saving other energy resources. After this project was done, we can dispose the garbage up to 441650 tons, which means we can save 820000 tons of standard coal as waste heat valued at 5436kJ/kg. 10.3.4.2 Energy Saving Measures of Process System (1) Recover heat energy more effectively with the international advanced waste incineration equipment; ensure high quality and efficiency with the steam turbine using domestic mature manufacturing technology (2) Recycle cooling water and steam condensate to reduce water consumption (3) Thermal system sets up steam bypass. When the steam turbine starts, stops or loads, the main steam was discharged to the condenser after being desuperheated and decompressed through the bypass, reducing the steam loss, which can save energy and ensure safety in production; (4) All mechanical and electrical equipment are new energy-saving products recommended by the nation (5) All thermal equipment and heat pipes are made of good thermal insulation material and thick insulation layer and reliable protection layer to reduce the energy loss caused by heat dissipation as far as possible; (6) Install steam pipes and equipment tightly and adopt high-quality steam traps to prevent the loss of steam in the production process (7) Improve the management level of the incineration plant, measure and assess the energy consumption through the flow meter, thermometer, pressure gauge and watt hour meter. (8) Adopt the frequency control on large motors such as the primary and secondary air fan of boiler and induced draft fan to reduce the energy. 10.3.4.3 The energy conservation measure of electric system (1) Using low loss energy saving station transformator (2) Electric components such as electrical contactor will use new and energy saving type. (3) Using electric light source with high luminous efficiency to get the effect of energy saving and good color temperature. 10.3.5 Consumption Analysis of Energy and Resource and Pollutant Discharge. (1) The Use of Energy and Resource This project uses its low level heat to generate electricity while doing the domestic waste incineration treatment, it not only realized the efficiently processing of living garbage, but also realized the garbage recycling use, and it saved the other energy resources. This project used waste incineration power to generate, and if operated normally, the electric energy production is 177 million kWh per year; the average electricity output is 145 million kWh. After the construction finished, the project can dispose 441,650 tons of garbage, if waste calorific values at 5436 KJ/Kg, then 82,000 tons of standard coal can be saved every year converted into the standard coal quantity. (2) Water Consumption Index Water consumption of this project is 3036m3/d, garbage disposal 1210 t per day, engineering water consumption index is 2.45 m3 /ton of garbage, that is 3.2 ~ 4.6 m3 / ton of garbage less than the similar projects. Industrial water reuse rate is high, reach to (160140 + 267) / 163443 = 98.1%. (3) Pollutant Level Discharge According to the project process design, the controllable level of pollutant discharge concentration of engineering incinerator is shown in table 10.3 3. The table shows, the project incinerator flue gas pollutants concentrations reach the standard in "Standard of living garbage burning pollution control" (GB18485-2014), HF, dioxin emissions targets can reach the level of European Union 2000 (average daily). Therefore, the pollutant emission control of the project can reach the domestic advanced level. Table 10.3-3 the control limit of flue gas emission of living garbage incineration (mg/m3) The discharge concentration European Union 2000 Project GB18485-2014 of this project (average daily) smoke 30 30 10 CO 100 100 50 NOX 300 300 200 SO2 100 100 50 HCl 60 60 10 HF 1 / 1 Hg 0.05 0.05 0.05 Cd 0.1 0.1 0.05 Pb 1.0 1.0 0.5 dioxin(ngTEQ/m3) 0.1 0.1 0.1 The contrast of enterprise energy consumption and pollution emission index between this project and the similar domestic projects is in table 10.3-4 Table 10.3-4 The analysis of Cleaner Production of this project Nanchang Quanlling Wuhan Spark Garbage Garbage power station Classes Name Unit This project power station project project (1000t/d) (1200t/d) HCl kg /ton 0.078 0.148 0.156 Emission SO2 kg /ton 0.184 0.168 0.236 amount NOX kg /ton 0.586 0.956 0.682 dioxin(ngTEQ/m3) ng /ton 391 423 362 Nanchang Quanlling Garbage power station project and Wuhan Spark Garbage power station project that listed in the table above, have the close size to this project, production level are advanced domestic. This project is close or better compared with Nanchang Quanlling Garbage power station project and Wuhan Spark Garbage power station project in energy consumption and pollution emission, so that shows the cleaner production of this project can reach the domestic advanced level. 10.3.6 Environmental management level This project provided a set of flue gas monitoring system for incineration line, its online data can be accessed by governmental departments through provide communication interface to achieve online monitoring. When the project finished, company will establish a safety and environmental department which in charge of the safety production of whole plant and the operation, maintenance and repair of environmental protection facilities. 10.3.7 Water-saving measures Fresh water consumption of this project is 3036t/d; circulating water consumption is 160140t/d; recycled water consumption is 267t/d, water recycling rate is about 98.1 percent. 132t/d supernatant of leachate treatment station used for lime pulping and cooling tower water supply; cooling tower drainage reused for mucking machine, fly ash stabilization, gas cleaning, manufacture of brick with furnace slag and road spraying. Water resources are fully utilized after reusing this waste water. 10.3.8 The Contrast Analysis with the Technical Standard of Burning House Refuse The event meets the requirements of the Technical Standard of Burning House Refuse, which embodies mainly as follows: 1) There are two truck scales and grab cranes in the process of refuse collection. Refuse pond has an effective volume that can be burnt for 14 days. It has a system contains the drainage and collection of refuse’s leachate 2) We burn refuse consecutively for 8000 hours in a year; the design of incinerator makes sure that the highest and lowest requirements of refuse’s heat value are met. 3) During the normal operation of incinerator, firepot is under the condition of negative pressure combustion; the temperature of the second firepot should be kept beyond 850℃ and smoke should stay in this temperature for more than 2 seconds; the slag burning rate should be controlled in 5%. 4) Exhaust-heat boilers with the same scale are set and the steam parameter is no less than 450℃, 4MPa. 5) Air burning system is consisted of the first wind, the second wind and other auxiliary system; slags should be separated magnetically and cleaned timely. The cleaned slags should be used comprehensively. 6) The purification of smoke "Furnace SNCR denitrification + semi-dry + dry + activated carbon spray + bag filter” and then smoke can be emitted. 7) During the process of burning, the smoke’s temperature, the remaining time and the airflow disturbance condition in the firepot should be controlled strictly. The time when smoke remains under the temperature area of 200-400℃ should be shortened. Absorption injection device and other measures are set and it will remove dioxin and heavy metal in smoke. 8) The use of low nitrogen combustion technology to inhibit the generation of nitrogen oxides, and the use of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) process for furnace denitrification. 9) The measures of connect the low point between the incinerator and flue gas purifier, and the fouling; on-line monitoring of emissions of flue gas. Set the main pollutant concentration display in the plant at a significant location according to the results of online monitoring of flue gas purification system to control, 10) Setting the fly ash collection, transportation and processing system, the devices remain closed; fly ash landfill into the specific garbage site landfill according to relevant regulations under the condition of "Landfill Pollution Control Standards". 11) The project uses waste heat power generation; the unit set two sets, the annual operation hours and the incinerator to match. 12) Meeting the stringent requirement of mechanized incineration system for automatic control; the project adopts advanced automatic control instrument and automatic control technology to carry out the production automation control of the whole plant incineration. 13) Fire, water supply and drainage, electrical appliances, automation, plant and other auxiliary facilities should meet the construction (CJJ90-2009) or the relevant specification requirements. 10.3.9 Clean production conclusions Construction projects, using advanced technology equipment and production control technology, reach the domestic advanced level in the energy consumption, the generation and emissions of pollutants and pollution control measures. It is suggested that the construction unit should further carry out the cleaner production work after the project is put into operation. The construction unit should conducts a comprehensive audit in production technology, flue gas control technology, production operation management and waste disposal and comprehensive utilization, Analyzing the technical indicators of incineration of waste and identifying the causes of pollutants and emissions, and then give rational proposals in energy conservation, reduce pollutant emissions and comprehensive utilization of waste and other aspects so as to form a new clean production initiatives. 11 Total Quantity Control 11.1 Factors of Total Quantity Control Based on the kinds and quantities of “Three Wastes” which ultimately discharge into the environments after the project is put into operation, targeting at the regions of atmospheric water and other environmental factors which can be influenced by pollution discharge, according to the characteristics of project characteristics and environmental characteristics and environment to identify main pollutants of implementing gross control, bring pollutant to realistic and effective treatment measures. The following principles should be observed: (1) “Two Standard-Reaching” of main pollutant; (2) Implement clean production. Further cut the emission volume of pollutant when reaching the discharge standard. (3) Fully consider the environmental status. Work out realistic plans to ensure total quantity control requirements of regions. (4) Control project gross index within regional pollutant discharge gross index. 11.2Index of Total Quantity Control The gross factor of national priority control: SO2 and NOx of exhaust emissions and COD and ammonia nitrogen of wastewater discharge. Integrating the characteristics of environmental pollution of the project, identify that the project implements factors of total quantity control: Pollutants : SO2, and NOx; Water Pollutants: COD and ammonia nitrogen; 11.3 Total Quantity Accounting of pollutants 1．SO2 Total Quantity Accounting Some of the SO2 in incineration waste gas come from domestic garbage incineration. Others come from the burning courses of incinerators burning light diesel in auxiliary. According to the analysis results of component detection of garbage elements, the mean value of S element in Bengbu domestic garbage ① equals to 0.23%. The project annually disposes domestic garbage of 2441650t. The conversion rate of sulfur equals 80%. The production of SO2 in burning courses is 812.64t/a. Ignition light diesel is approximately equal to 360t/a. The sulfur content (equal to or less than 0.3％). The production of SO2 in light diesel burning ② courses is 1.08t/a. According to design plan, the waste gas treatment measures make the removal rate of SO2 90%. So the emission volume of SO2 equals 81.372 t/a. 2. Total NOX Accounting Mainly from thermal decomposition and oxidation combustion of nitrogen compounds. A small amount comes from thermal combustion of nitrogen in air composition.(less than 1100℃). By analogy with the acceptance data of homogeneous Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant Project, the concentration of nitrogen oxides is 300mg/m3. According to design information, the waste gas volume equals 215850 Nm3/h. The production volume of the project’s NOx equals to 431.7t/a. The project adopts SNCR waste gas treatment equipment to denitrify nitrogen. Make the denitrification rate 40%. The emission volume of NOx is 259.02t/a. Table 11.2-1 Projects Total Pollutant Index Table (t/a) Emission Amount Generated Taking over Type Pollutants Reduced amount to outside Amount emissions environment Wastew COD 5272.624 5269.051 3.573 0.712 ater NH3-N 175.888 175.575 0.313 0.071 Smoke dust 15841 15815.1 -- 25.902 Waste SO2 813.72 732.348 -- 81.372 gas NOx 431.7 172.64 -- 259.06 11.3 Total Balance Program The waste water and gas pollutant index of the project is subject to balance solution within Bengbu. Therein COD and ammonia nitrogen are balanced by total concentration reduction from Bengbu 2nd Sewage Plant. NOX is balanced by total low nitrogen transformation reduction from Benbu Guodian 2#. SO2 is balanced by total low nitrogen transformation reduction from Anhui Xinyuan Desulfurization Engineering. 12 Feasibility Analysis of Site Selection 12.1 Site Selection of Incinerators 12.1.1 Site Selection Principles (1) Related parts in the Pollution Control Standard on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (GB18485-2014): site selection should be consistent with the overall planning of urban and rural construction and environmental protection planning, environmental health professional planning, and should be in line with the local atmospheric pollution control, water conservation, conservation and meet the requirements of current relevant national standards. (2) According to the Project Construction Standards of Treating Municipal Solid Waste Incineration, project location should meet the following standards: ①Should be in line with the local urban and rural construction planning, environmental health professional planning and the provisions of the current related national standards.②The impact of domestic waste incineration power plant on the surrounding environment should comply with the environmental protection requirements.③Domestic waste incineration power plant should be in line with the local atmospheric pollution control, water resources protection and nature conservation.④ Convenient transportation, reasonable distance.⑤ Low land cost, convenient to construct.⑥Low population density, low land utilization value; Located in the downwind of summer dominant wind. In addition, we also need to consider adapt to the changing of the amount of garbage and whether the site has room for development. (3) The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification On Further Strengthening Management of Biomass Power Generation Project (HF [2008] 82), the related part is : Whether the using Land is in line with the local urban development planning and environmental protection planning and national land policy" Urban built-up area ① Environment quality can not meet the requirements and no effective measures of cutting area ② The area may cause the environmental protection target in sensitive area does not meet the corresponding requirement standard. ③ 12.1.2 The compare and selection of the plant location According to local actual condition, the construction unit, the urban management bureau jointly with relevant departments, have done the research on the suitable place for construction of waste incineration power generation project , and identified three suitable sites for the plants. (1) Site one: Huaishang district Caolao town. (2) Site two: Domestic waste sanitary landfill district B in Bengbu city (3) Site three: Near Guodian Bengbu power generation co., LTD Aimed at the above three alternative sites, considering project location, transportation conditions, topography, environmental impact, etc, the compare can be refered to in the table12.1-1. Table12.1-1 the compare of alternative sites / Site one Site two Site three A 6km new road to provincial road 101 is Current road can be Traffic Current road can be used needed(from Hefei to used Suqian) 7km away from Near the 3km away from Shuangdun Tongcheng power Guodianbengbu power Power supply power substation substation substation Huaihe River water source, Huaihe River water Underground water Water supply short water pipeline source Low foundation bearing Hilly land, high Civil Foundationwork capacity, palification is needed foundation bearing construction needed in foundation work capacity In the planning area of Sewage discharge, Macheng town in Sewage treating plant is Others ash yard are Huaiyuan county, little nearby unsolved far from downtown of Bengbu city Power plant need Belong to the area of Belong to the planning The uses of land occupy the Domestic waste sanitary landfill area of Macheng town in farmland land Huaiyuan county Large investment Large investment Investment Smaller investment compared The distance of Convenient for waste garbage transporting incineration power plant The distance of garbage is far, the remove of to reach the pipe transporting is short, easy to the people in network, convenient to Advantages and reach the pipe network, near sensitive area is a reach the pipe network, disadvantages the Sewage treatment plant, no problem, the city tap the distance of garbage problem for the removing in water and sewage transporting is far, sensitive area. pipe network is planning scenic spot unreached. No nearby substation nearby Compared comprehensively, we plan to choose site two. This site has a flat terrain, convenient traffic, and it is easy to get expropriation proceedings. There is also no Industrial and commercial enterprises and residential areas within 600m around. 12.2 Analysis of conformation with the regulations of Huaihe River Basin 12.2.1 Conformation with Interim Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Valley The Interim Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Valley has pointed: small severe polluted enterprise like tannery, dye factory, electroplate factory, brewery are not allowed to be built in Huaihe River basin. The new medium-sized projects listed in the preceding paragraph or other polluting project is strict limited in the Huaihe River. The construction of the project must first obtain the consent of the relevant provincial people's government administrative department of environmental protection, and be submitted to the competent administrative department for environmental protection under the state council for the record. This project is the living garbage incineration power generation project, it does not belong to the forbidden construction project, and it meets the requirement in the regulations. 12.2.2 Conformance with Anhui Province Huai River Basin Water Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations Anhui Province Huai River Basin Water Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations has pointed out: 1. The Huaihe river basin development should be strictly restricted the project with big wastewater emissions likes leather, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, paper making, alcohol and other construction projects. 2. Building, expanding or rebuilding projects, in addition to carrying out the environmental impact report (table) "and environmental protection facilities must be designed constructed and put into use along with subject project at the same time. And it must comply with the following provisions: (1) The new project's location should conform to the overall urban planning, away from the areas of drinking water and functional areas with special requirements to the environment; (2) Use high resource utilization, reduced discharge of pollutants of advanced equipment and advanced technology; (3) Expansion and technical transformation projects must incorporate the pollution treatment. This project is the living garbage incineration power generation project, it does not belong to the forbidden construction project, and it meets the requirement in the regulations. 12.3 The analysis of the consistent with planning and policy 12.3.1 The consistent with Master Plan of Bengbu city (2012-2030) Planning requires: plan to build a garbage landfill in Hekou town and horse town, garbage disposal capacity of 800 tons per day; Plan to build waste incineration plant in Hekou town and horse town, garbage disposal ability of 1050 tons per day respectively 700 tons per day, incineration, landfill will be turned into a storage for the ash of burning waste. The condition of this project: living garbage incineration power generation project site is located in Bengbu domestic waste sanitary landfill area B, project location does not belong to the living garbage incinerators location in Master plan of Bengbu city (2012-2030), however, Bengbu Land Bureau issued by the land pre-trial opinion on site selection of the project, Bengbu issued by the opinions of the project planning and site selection, planning bureau agreed to the project site selection. 12.3.2 The consistent with Appearance and Environmental Health Professional Planning, Bengbu (2013-2030) (Draft) The preliminary draft of the plan completed by the Bengbu City Planning and Design Institute, has not yet passed the approval. Requirements of preliminary planning draft: Planning: new waste incineration plant in the Jia An landfill B reservoir area conduct 1960 tons per day, food waste treatment plant 200 tons per day, a new landfill in the town of Mohe Town and Ma Town conduct respectively garbage disposal capacity of 800 tons per day, new waste incineration plant in the town of Mohe Town and Ma town conduct garbage disposal capacity of 1050 tons per day and 700 tons per day. In the form of incineration, the landfill will be converted from landfill to storage incineration and waste, which will increase the landfill's life by 5 to 7 times. Jia An landfill recently continue to use and fulfill the capacity after the transformation of ecological park. The condition of this project: The living garbage incineration power generation project site is located in Bengbu domestic waste sanitary landfill area B. The site of the project is in line with the site of the municipal solid waste incineration plant planned in the preliminary draft: Appearance and Environmental Health professional planning, Bengbu (2013-2030). 12.4 Analysis of consistent with Other Policies and Regulations According to the request Pollution Control Standard on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (GB18485-2014), Guide for Treatment of Living Garbage(CJ [2010] 61), Project Technical Regulations of Treating Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (CJJ90-2009), Environmental Impact Assessment Notification On Further Strengthening Management of Biomass Power Generation Project（HF [2008] 82), Urban Environmental Sanitation Planning Specification (GB50337-2003), Technological Policy for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes and Its Pollution Control(JC [2010] 120), Comments on Further Strengthening Works for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes（GF [2011] 9）and Project Construction Standards of Treating Municipal Solid Waste Incineration(JB 152-2010) and some other policies and regulations, combined with the project design, the consistent of the project please refer to table 12.4-1 and table 12.4-2. According to contrast of table 12.4 1 and table 12.4 2, Bengbu land bureau issued by the land pre-trial opinion on site selection of the project, Bengbu planning bureau gave out the opinions of the project planning and site selection, and agreed the project location; Waste calorific value and quantity can meet the needs of the project. Location is not in the town or large concentration of residential areas on the dominant wind direction of the wind, and it uses advanced and reliable technology, equipment, pollution prevention and control measures is feasible and can ensure the pollutant discharging standard. Environmental quality is good; the project location will not cause the loss of local environmental function after the completion of the project. Stench control measures are feasible, and can make the lowest impact on the surrounding environment protection. The project set up a protection distance of 500m. Environmental risk is generally acceptable. Table 12.4-1 Consistent Analysis of the project with Relevant Policies and Regulations Consiste Name Policy provision Design scheme nt The site of the garbage incineration power generation projects is located in The site selection of incineration plant Bengbu landfill B, and it does not belong should conform with the overall planning to the garbage incineration plant of urban and rural and the professional site ,which is programmed in the Overall Basically planning requirements on health and Planning of Bengbu City (2012-2030), conform environment, and then it will be however, Bengbu City Land Bureau determined by planning environmental issued the project for the pre-trial impact assessment opinion, Bengbu City Planning Bureau issued the project planning and site Project selection, agreed to the project site Technical The project site is planned to build in the Considered some comprehensive Regulations of Bengbu landfill B, in the range of factors, such as the service area of Treating 600 meters , there is no residential waste incineration plants, garbage Municipal Solid settlements, schools, hospitals and transport capacity, the service area of Waste other sensitive points around the the transport distance, reserved for the Conform Incineration site; The project area where no development, the site should be elected （CJJ90-2009 endangered animals and plants need in the areas with little sensitive targets, ） special protection, no national, such as ecological environment, ground provincial and municipal key cultural water, airport, cultural sites, scenic areas relics protection units in the site area Without the threat of the flood ,tidewater The design processing capacity of this and water logging; the site must be built project is 1210t/d, which belongs to in the area where it should have reliable garbage incineration plant Ⅱ, and the flood control and drainage measures, at flood control standards of this project Conform the same time the flood control standard accord with requirements in the should be consistent with provision in Standards of Flood Control The Standards of Flood Control (GB50201) (GB50201) With the convenient transportation, west The site and service area shall be in side of the plant is in the vicinity of the Conform good condition of road transportation central road Project of slag is used to sold to Anhui Huatong Environmental Protection Site selection should take consideration Renewable Resources Company, Ltd of the ash treatment and disposal for brick; when fly ash solidification Conform sites at the same time passes through the detection, and then is sent to the Bengbu City household garbage landfill area Water production projects brought in municipal running water; after the completion of the project, part of the The site should meet the production, sewage water is treated and reused, living water supply and sewage some waste water reached the Conform discharge conditions requirement of pipe conduction, and is sent to Bengbu Yang Taizi sewage treatment plant The power supply should be found near the site, waste incineration plant, which The voltage is increased to 35kV uses waste incineration for electric access area power system through the Conform power, and this power should be easily booster station of plant access to the area of power network Bengbu City Land Bureau issued the The site selection of household garbage The Pollution pre-trial opinion of project site, the incineration plant should conform with Control Bengbu Municipal Planning Bureau the overall planning of urban and rural Standard on issued the planning of project and areas, environmental protection planning the Municipal opinions of site selection , and agreed to Basically and sanitation special planning, and Solid Waste the site of the project, protection and conform meets the requirements of local air Incineration control measures of supporting pollution pollution control, water resources （GB18485-20 meet the requirements of air pollution protection and natural ecological 14） control, water resources protection and protection natural ecological protection It should be based on the conclusions of the environmental impact assessment to determine the location of houshehold garbage incineration plant site and its According to HF [2008]82 and the distance from the surrounding crowd. relevant requirements, appraisal sets up Conform Approved by the approval of the the 500 meters environmental competent administrative department of protection zone, which there not has environmental protection, which can be environmental sensitive points used as the basis of planning control distance Project is planned to transport domestic Domestic waste transport should take garbage by self-closing dump track with sealing measures to prevent the leakage landfill leachate leakage prevention Conform and leakage of sewage odor from arising measures and transport of compressed during transport process garbage dump garbage truck With the establishment of waste collection and transportation network convergence, relative to garbage classification, resource utilization and harmless treatment, which can increase the living garbage collection efforts and expand coverage. Popularize sealing, Comments on environmental protection, efficient The project of waste collection and Further garbage collection, transit and transportation are in charge of Bengbu Strengthening transportation system, and gradually City Administration Bureau, according to Works for weed out the phasing of open collection annex 13, Bengbu City Administration Conform Treatment of and transportation. To implement the Bureau promised that the waste Municipal Solid upgrading of existing garbage collection collection and transportation process is Wastes（GF and transportation facilities, popularize fully closed [2011] 9） compression transportation equipment, solve the garbage collection, transit and transportation in the process of dirty, smelly, noise and spills and other problems. Research on the use of networking technology, to explore the route optimization, reasonable cost, high efficiency and environmental protection in the new collection and transportation mode. The waste gas treatment process refers to "furnace SNCR + semi dry + dry Incineration facilities operating units fully nitrogen + activated carbon adsorption used lime, activated carbon and other + bag dusting "combination treatment of auxiliary materials, removed acidic waste gas purification device, ensure substances, heavy metals in flue gas; the acidic substances in flue gas, heavy dioxin and other pollutants, to ensure metal ions, such as dioxin pollutant meet the standards of discharge. The emissions of Pollution Control Standard new garbage incineration facilities, on the Municipal Solid Waste Conform which should be installed automatic Incineration (GB18485-2014) table monitoring system and alarm device 3 requirements of " incinerator of exceeding standard. Operational units emissions of air pollutants the limit developed contingency plans to value of project installation"; emission effectively deal with facilities failure, automatic monitoring system and alarm accident, the volume of garbage and device of exceeding the standard are other emergencies installed and contingency plans are developed . The setting of the incineration plant shall Bengbu City Planning Bureau issued a accord with the overall planning of the plan for the project site, Bengbu City Project Basically city, the professional planning of Land Bureau issued a preliminary Construction conform environmental sanitation and the review of the project land, and agreed to Standards of relevant standards of the state the project site Treating Engineering geological conditions and According to geological prospecting Municipal Solid hydrogeological conditions should be data, the project site meets engineering Waste satisfied. Without the threat of the flood, geological conditions and Incineration tidewater and water logging. Limited by hydrogeological conditions , the flood Conform （JB conditions, if the site must be built in the control standard of the project conforms 152-2010） threatened area, which flood control and to the requirements in the Standards of drainage measures should be reliable. Flood Control (GB50201) The site should not be selected in the Site selection is not located in the key key of protection of cultural relics, not in protection of cultural relics, the scenic the scenic area and not in the dominant area and the dominant wind direction in Conform wind direction in summer summer The site should be close to the service West side of the plant is in the vicinity of area, have reasonable transportation the central road and has transport Conform distance ,and has good transport facilities conditions from here to service area Project of slag is used to sold to Anhui Huatong Environmental Protection The treatment and disposal of slag and Renewable Resources Company, Ltd fly ash should be fully considered during for brick; when fly ash solidification Conform incineration passes through the detection, and then is sent to the Bengbu City household garbage landfill area Water production projects brought in municipal running water; after the completion of the project, part of the There should have reliable power sewage water is treated and reused, supply, water supply and sewage Conform some waste water reached the discharge system requirement of pipe conduction, and is sent to Bengbu Yang Taizi sewage treatment plant For the incineration plant which uses The voltage is increased to 35kV waste heat to generate electricity, the access area power system through the Conform electric power network should be taken booster station of plant into account and access to heat users Table 12.4-2 compatibility Analysis of the project with HF〔2008〕82 No. Document requirements Situation of the project Domestic waste incineration power is According to the Bengbu city life garbage 1. Plant applicable to the average low-calorific analysis test report in November 2014, the value of the furnace waste higher raw refuse (received base) lower than location than 5000kJ/kg, the lack of sanitary calorific value 5436kJ/kg; the fuel of the landfill and economically developed project can be guaranteed in terms of supply areas. and calorific value. The site must conform to the city’s overall planning, land use planning and environmental sanitary special planning (or centralized • According to Bengbu City Planning disposal plan for municipal solid Bureau’s issued planning site opinion of the waste); and also meet the project, Bengbu Bureau of Land and requirements of Code Planning of Resources’s issued the land pre-trial opinion urban Environmental Sanitation of the project, agreed the site of the project. Facilities （GB50337-2003） and ‚ The project is located B District of Bengbu Domestic Waste Sanitary Landfill Project Technical Regulations of Site and does not belong to urban built-up Treating Municipal Solid Waste area. Incineration （CJJ90-2002）. ƒAccording to Chapter 5, the location of the project is overall good environmental In addition to national and local quality and can meet the requirements. regulations, standards and policies ④On environmental quality and that prohibit pollution project site area, environmental impact: overall environmental the following areas generally cannot quality of place that the project is located is built new domestic waste incineration good. When the the project is completed, it is power plant project: （1）urban conducive to further improvement of the built-up areas; （2）areas where region environmental quality; ensuring that environmental quality cannot meet all types of pollution prevention measures in requirements and do not have place during the operation then it will not （ ） effective reduction measures; 3 decline the environmental function of the areas of which the sensitive areas of surrounding environment sensitive target. environmental protection objectives cannot meet its appropriate requirements. Incineration equipment should be in • The mechanical grate incinerator selected consistent with the main indicators by the project is domestic waste incinerator and technical requirements of solid which has more applications at home and waste incineration equipment of abroad and also the mature technology; Environmental Protection Industry introduce the foreign advanced technology Equipment Encouraged by State to and then research and develop the Develop (catalog) (Revised 2007). equipment independently; ignition and 2.Technology （1）In addition to the power auxiliary fuel are diesel oil and do not mixed and generation projects which use the fluidized bed incinerator to deal with with coal; the project do not have steam unit equipment the domestic waste, the blending of nearby. So, the project is in consistent conventional fuel quality should be controlled in 20% of the total furnace with the main indicators and technical amount; while MSW incineration uses requirements of solid waste incineration other types of incinerator so it cannot be mixed with coal. Garbage and raw equipment of Environmental Protection coal feed record devices should be Industry Equipment Encouraged by State to equipped. Develop (catalog) (Revised 2007). （2）If the foreign advanced ‚ About heat supply: through the technology and equipment are used investigation, there are thermal power plant in this project, the supporting and heating pipe network near the site; so environmental technology should also this project does not have the consideration be introduced simultaneously; under of implementing heating to the external; In the premise of China’s emission order to make full use of the waste heat, standards, the limits of pollutant improve the level of clean production, this discharge should meet the project has constructed 57t/h waste heat requirements of the design and boiler. operation of pollution control facilities which introduced. （3）Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant Project should be preferred to use heating units with cities or regions have the industrial heat load and the heat load of heating in order to improve the environmental efficiency and social benefits. The combustion equipment shall • The incineration equipment applied by the meet “Technical requirements of project should meet the requirements of incinerators” which regulated by “Technical requirements of incinerators” Pollution Control Standard on the which regulated by Pollution Control Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Standard on the Municipal Solid Waste (GB18485-2001); take effective Incineration (GB18485-2004) ; temperature pollution control measures to ensure of flue gas outlet ≥ smoke out of the ℃, flue SO2, NOX and HCl and other acidic gas retention time ≥ smoke, chimney height gases in the smoke and other ≥ chimney high. The project takes the conventional flue gas pollutants meet combination of purification equipment of the requirements of Pollution Control “SNCR denitrification +semi-dry + dry + 3. Pollutants Standard on the Municipal Solid active carbon adsorption+bag filter” process control Waste Incineration (GB18485-2001). to deal with waste gas. P273 The concentration of ‚The emission concentration of Dioxin Dioxin should refer to European implements European standard standard (0.1TEQng/m3 at this (0.1TEQng/m3 at this stage); the project stage); when constructing Domestic uses selective non-catalytic reduction Waste Incineration Power Plant (SNCR) furnace denitrification device which Project in the large cities or the its removal rate of nitrogen oxide can reach regions which have the special control up to 40%; the project should install requirements of nitrogen oxide, the automatic flue gas continuous monitoring necessary denitration device should device. be installed; other areas should reserve the place for removal of ƒ The report clearly states combustion nitrogen oxide; install automatic flue temperature, oxygen, CO and etc in the gas continuous monitoring device. furnace should be monitored in the monitoring plan section. Network with the Requirements of assistant local environmental protection departments. discriminant measures should be demand of Dioxin; monitor the furnace of combustion temperature, oxygen, CO, etc; network with the local environmental protection departments; measure the implementation of the amount of activated carbon. • Leachate and the discharge water should go into the leachate station of the plant for processing; leachate station adopts with “pretreatment+UASB anaerobic Acid and alkali waste water, reactor+MBR biochemical treatment cooling water and other industrial system+NF Membrane system+RO system” waste water treatment and disposal processing method, after the processing measures should be reasonable and to Reclamation and Reuse of Urban feasible; landfill leachate treatment Wastewater-Quality Standards of Industrial should give priority to back spray; if it Water (GB/T19923-2005) in the circulating can not return to the spray then cooling water system to add water quality should ensure the drainage meet the standards then it comes to use for the plant’s relevant requirements of the national filling water of the circulating cooling water; and local. Leachate accident NF concentrate comes back to the collection pool should be set up with incinerator; RO reverse osmosis concentrate the enough volume; The produced used as the lime slurry preparation of water. sludge or concentrate should be ‚Build a 700m3 landfill leachate accident self-incineration in the factory and collection pool in the project. shall not be disposed outside. ƒ The sludge and concentrate produced by the project are all in the incineration of the factory. The incineration slag and fly ash collected by the dust collection equipment should be collected, stored, transported and dispoed respectively. Incineration furnace slag The incineration slag and fly ash collected by is the general industrial solid waste, the dust collection equipment should be the project should set up the collected, stored, transported and dispoed respectively. After curing stability in factory, corresponding magnetic separation fly ash of the project is sent to Bengbu equipment to separate and recycle Domestic Waste Sanitary Landfill Site for landfill disposal after the solidification the metal in order to make a stabilization of the factory. Comprehensive comprehensive use or according to utilization of outsourcing brick in incineration slag. the requirements of Pollution Control Standard on Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Waste （GB18599-2001）to storage and disposal. MSWI flying ash belongs to the hazardous waste which shall be stored and disposed of in accordance with Pollution Control Standard on Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Waste （GB18597-2001）and Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Landfill （GB18598-2001）. The comprehensive utilization of MSWI fly ash should be actively encouraged, but the technology that used should ensure the complete destruction of Dioxin and the effective fixation of heavy metals and does not cause secondary pollution during the process of production and use. After the implementation of Pollution Control Standard on the Municipal Solid Waste（GB16889-2007）, the disposal of incineration furnace slag and fly ash can also be implemented according to the new standard. ① Garbage discharge, garbage delivery system, garbage storage tanks and etc of the Odor control measures: garbage project should use the closed design; discharge, garbage delivery system, garbage delivery and garbage storage tanks garbage storage tanks and etc should system adopts with the negative pressure use the closed design; garbage operation mode; leachate should deal with delivery and garbage storage tanks the structure with the sealed method system adopts with the negative ②During the overhaul of the incinerator, pressure operation mode; the project is designed by using the active leachate should deal with the carbon deodorizing device for deodorization, structure with the sealed method; and the deodorization efficiency of the active under abnormal conditions, effective carbon can reach more than 80%; after the deodorization measures shall be processing activated carbon odor removal taken. efficiency can meet the requirements of Discharge Standards of Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93). Bengbu city life garbage will sort out the 4. Waste domestic garbage into combustible garbage, Encourage the source recyclable garbage, hazardous waste and collection, classification or zoning collection of large garbage at the source; From the point transportation the garbage; leachate generated in of garbage collection transport line, taking the garbage transfer station should the way of collecting by segment, adopting and storage not enter incineration plants in order the transport mode which combines the to improve the heat value of the plant large-scale transport station with the garbage. small-scale; landfill leachate in the transfer P274 station goes through the urban sewage pipe network to come out and does not enter incineration plants which ensures inner plant waste heat. Garbage transport routes should be reasonable; the transport vehicle should be closed and have the device Bengbu waste truck has a majority of to keep leachate from dripping; the closed truck or compression type at present thus can keep leachate from dripping along post-loaded compressed truck which the way. Garbage transport route should try meets the main indicators and to avoid sensitive targets; Garbage transport route is overall reasonable and will not cause technical requirements the sensitive objects environmental function of Environmental Protection Industry decline along the way of Garbage transport route areas when taking relevant measures. Equipment Encouraged by State to Develop (catalog) (Revised 2007) should be adopted. P274 Take measures to prevent Waste pits, emergency pools and walls leakage of landfill leachate at the are all equipped with an impermeable layer bottom and walls of waste storage by the project. pits and emergency collection pools. ①Odor control : For the waste storage pit, waste discharge hall and other major odor pollutant source, the project adopted measures include ventilation, barrier curtain, closed isolate the discharge hall and Take effective measures to prevent waste storage pit, regulate the operation and odor to escape outside. management of waste storage pit and Hazardous waste must not get access residue handling closed system and so on to to the living garbage incineration minimize the effects of odor. power plant for processing. ②On hazardous wastes into plant：to strengthen the management and control the hazardous waste into the waste incineration plant at its source. Environmental impact statement According to the related prediction of 9.5.2, 5. should stipulate a special chapter on when proposed project had accidents, the Environmenta the environmental risk impact impact of Dioxins pollutant on the l risk assessment, focusing on the impact surrounding environment would increased and malodorous pollutants. compared with normal situation, but to meet P275 The accident and risk assessment the requirement of relevant assessment standards are in accordance with the standards, lower than the standard of reference of human daily tolerable 4pgTEQ/kg human daily tolerable intake and intake 4pgTEQ/kg, the permissible 10% of per day tolerable permissible intake intake via breath into the human body via breath into the human body in accordance with the reference of In the accident state, the malodorous gas is 10% of per day tolerable intake. collected by the exhaust pipe, and through the adsorption of activated carbon treatment, Develop the environmental risk the total amount of emissions is relatively prevention measures and emergency small and the influence of the surrounding contingency preplan according to the environment is lesser. possible impact scope given by the In order to prevent the occurrence of calculation to prevent the occurrence accidents and reduce the harm, the of environmental pollution accidents. construction unit would develop emergency contingency preplans, take the emergency measures when the accident occurred and control the accident and reduce the impact on the environment effectively, the overall risk level is acceptable. According to the calculation of the unorganized emission source of the malodorous pollutant (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, ozone, etc) under normal operating conditions and duly taken EIA’s 6. conclusion into account, the According to the related prediction of 6.1, Environmenta reasonable environmental protection and combing HF 〔2008〕 document and l protection distance is proposed as the control related requirements, the project sets 500m distance distance between the project and the environmental protection distance. surrounding residential area and the public facilities such as schools and hospitals. The environmental protection distance of new rebuilding and expansion projects should not be less 300 meter. The regional balance program should 7. Total be proposed with regard to the The total amount of pollutants in the project pollution load additional pollutant emissions by the can be balanced within Bengbu. control project to clear the source of aggregate indicators and achieve “production increased and pollutant reduced”. Works shall be conducted according to the Interim Regulations on Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment （HF〔2006〕28） document and related requirements. By public survey, online publicity, Should increase the transparency of newspapers and seminars, the project carry public participation and organize out the investigation with public participation, forums or exchanges properly to the investigated public was involved in office enable more communication between workers, technicians and project surrounding the public and relevant personnel. the masses. All the investigated public Should summarize and analyze the 8. Public support the project, no one objections, while public opinion, communicate with the participation the public made some requirements and public holding different views in a recommendations on the project timely manner, make a feedback to construction, the construction unit had the construction unit and offer the adopted, and committed to strengthen the suggestion for improvement, and final management after the project completed and comment on public opinion is adopted accepted the supervision of environmental or not. For the environmentally protection department and public. sensitive and controversial projects, local governments at all levels should be responsible for the interpretation of the public, if necessary, held a hearing. In addition to the relevant requirements of the EIA Guide, we In accordance with the relevant 9. should also focus on the following requirements, the monitoring plan issued by Environmenta works: （1）monitoring present the EIA unit and carried out by Jiangsu Liwei l quality situation：reasonable determine the Detection Technology Co., Ltd. on current monitoring monitoring factors according to the atmospheric monitoring of Dioxin, proposed and impact emission standards. that the construction unit should set Dioxin in prediction Before the test running of waste soil before put into production in incineration power plant, monitoring environmental test. P276 point need to be set separately at the plant site’s most sensitive point, the downwind of whole year prevailing wind direction and near the site where the maximum contaminants are concentrated for the waste incineration power plant atmospheric monitoring; And the Dioxin in the soil at the upwind and downwind of prevailing wind direction in the plant site, it is recommended to choose the planting soil near the maximum concentration of contaminant in the downwind direction. （2）Impact prediction: since environmental quality standards of Dioxin hasn’t been formulated by the country, the standard of the assessment with Dioxin EIA reference to Japan's annual average concentration0.6pgTEQ/m3). Environmental quality standards of the Strengthen the prediction on the project refers to Japan's annual average environmental impact of malodorous concentration0.6pgTEQ/m3). Predict pollutant, on the basis of the Guide, it environmental effect of odor pollutants, and requires to ground on the long-term EIA uses long - term meteorological meteorological conditions, and with conditions by time and daily calculation. the successive and daily calculation Calculate the standard maximum distance to result the standard maximum successively and daily according to distance according to the relevant environmental effect standards. environmental assessment standards. The plants with certain conditions can define the distance in the light of odor concentration survey and monitoring analogy of the waste power plant with the similar process and scale. （3）Regular Monitoring：after waste This statement requires that the monitoring incineration power plant put into of flue gas and Dioxin should be carried out operation, the monitoring about on a regular basis after the completion of the atmosphere and Dioxin in the soil of project in the environmental monitoring plan. the flue gas emissions and the Construction company promises that after above-mentioned monitoring points waste incineration power plant put into should be conduct at least once a operation, the monitoring about atmosphere year to timely acquaint and keep up and Dioxin in the soil of the flue gas with the condition of waste emissions and the above-mentioned incineration power plant and Dioxin in monitoring points should be conduct at least surrounding environment. once a year. In line with the national water policy, the project uses municipal tap-water and do not Waste incineration power project’s use of groundwater. Fresh water water should be complied with the consumption is lower than the indicators of national water policy. Using the water similar projects, all the shares of wastewater of urban sewage treatment plant is of the plant are collected and processed, 10. Water use encouraged, the northern water parts are reused and parts meet the shortage region with restricted access corresponding standard then discharge into to the surface water, and prohibited to the municipal sewage pipe network. Through the use of groundwater. these water-saving measures, the plant can save the water resources and reduce water pollutant emissions. The public participation is conducted in the form of online announcement, n ewspaper publicity, forums and public participation questionnaires. During th e project announcement period, the EIA unit did not receive any feedback, ind icating that the public did not object to the construction of the project. From th e survey results of 252 individual public participation in the survey, the vast m ajority of the public assume that the construction of the project can promote t he local economic development and can increase employment opportunities , with greater social and economic benefits; 98.4% of the people are in favo r of the construction of the project; 1.6% of people state it does not matter; n o one objects to the construction. But also at the same time, the public objecti vely put forward that the project may produce waste water, noise and other p ollution problems, but also aware of the construction of the project may caus e a certain degree of adverse impact on the surrounding environment, requirin g the project to be carried out with necessary pollution prevention and contro l measures to ensure that all kinds of pollutants are discharged in accordanc e with standards, and do well in environmental protection work. For the public concerned issues, the following environmental protection meas ures are taken; (1) The public assume that the construction of the project should be strictly i n accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and construction is stric tly prohibited at night so as not to affect the normal rest time of the local e nterprise workers. (2) The public suggest that the construction unit must strengthen the awarene ss of environmental protection sense of workers, and be equipped with f ull-time environmental protection personnel on the management and moni toring of daily operation of environmental protection equipment and truly achieve pollutant discharge standards. (3) The public hope that the project will contribute to the local social and econ omic development without affecting the local environmental quality. Theref ore, the project should actively adopt various pollution prevention and cont rol measures to ensure that pollutants are discharged in accordance with standards and the social and environmental benefits are achieved in a balanced way. 13 Benefit and Loss Analysis of Environmental Economy. The project’s construction will promote the local social and economic development, but it inevitably brings and produces certain adverse effect on surrounding environment of planned construction area. Taking necessary environmental protection measures in the construction can partly reduce adverse effects and economic losses caused by engineering construction on the environment. 13.1 Economic Benefit Analysis on Project Investment The economic benefit of the project is mainly acquired by garbage disposal fee. As countries and Bengbu city government continuously strengthen management of waste, the project is a viable project for its standardization of garbage charge system, reliable guarantee for operating funds, good economic benefit, and strong anti-risk ability. Table 13.1-1 Major Economic Indicator No. Project Unit Index Ten thousand 1 Total investment estimation 50319.29 2 Annual operating cost Ten thousand 4670.42 3 Operating income Ten thousand 10954.13 4 Static payback time year 11.95 5 Rate of return on total investment % 7.89% 6 Capital of net profit margin % 20.03% 13.2 Project Social Benefit Analysis Based on waste treatment polices of “harmless, reduction, and recycling”, waste incineration is a desirable method of urban waste treatment. In recent years, not a few domestic cities have constructed waste incineration power plant. Some of them have had good experience of operation and produced handsome environmental profits. The project construction coincides with the policy of waste treatment in our country. 1. First, after garbage and sludge and sludge implement burning treatment, their volume is about 25.43% and 3.28% of the garbage and sludge, the slag of garbage and sludge and the volume of fly ash meet the requirements of reduction to a large degree and discharge a large amount of garbage and sludge stocking area. Second, after a great amount of harmful substance in garbage and sludge goes through high temperature combustion in incinerators, they turn into ashes and have lower toxicity. With the completion of proposed project, on the one hand, ever more prominent municipal solid waste and sludge problems can be solved. The problems of plenty of waste and sludge being stacked in suburbs, taking up a large patch of cultivated land, influencing urban scenery, polluting the environment of water, air and soil and causing damage to urban residents’ living environments can be prevented. After construction is implemented, solve the domestic waste problem facing Bengbu. On the other hand, the realization of virtuous circles of waste utilization plays an important role in boosting the development of local social economy, so it has good social benefits. In short, the project belongs to environmental protection welfare project. With the advantages of thorough harmlessness, prominent reduction and comprehensive use of waste heat and slag, waste incinerating disposal is a better avenue to the treatment of municipal solid waste of our country in recent years and can also meet ever increasing demands of municipal solid waste. So, the implementation of the project has obvious benefits for supporting the sustainable development of economic society of Bengbu. 13.3 Estimation of Environmental Investment Benefit （1）Environmental Protection Investment Waste water, waste gas and noise and other pollutants produced by the project in operation have a certain impact on surrounding environment, so corresponding environmental protection measures must be taken to ensure environmental protection investment and to minimize environmental impact. Proposed project’s environmental protection invests 8645.02 million, taking up 17.2% of total investment. Compared with domestic homogeneous projects, the amount of environmental protection is reasonable. Table 13.3-1 Investments list of Proposed project’s environmental protection Environmental Pollution source The name of environmental protection equipment protection investment(ten thousand) Garbage leachate treatment system, car-washing Waste water 2016 wastewater treatment system flue gas purification system 3000 Waste gas Odor control 547 Fly ash curing 202 Sound insulation building, shock absorption, noise Solid waste 150 elimination and other equipment Noise Plant area greening 220.02 Afforestation Garbage puddle, leachate sump anti-seepage 1200 Groundwater Flue gas, wastewater online monitoring system 800 anti-seepage Online monitoring 100 Feculence-clearing Plant area wastewater pipe network, rain collection pipe shunt pipe network 100 network construction Risk, emergency Environmental risk prevention and emergency measures 250 measures project Environmental / 60 supervision in working periods Total 8645.02 (2) Running Costs The project requires high operation fee of environmental protection equipment. The main operation fee includes costs of raw materials, electricity, wages, equipment depreciation (building depreciation is charged based on 25 years, equipment is charged based on 10 years.), equipment maintenance fee, fly ash treatment fee, leachate treatment fee, ect. Various costs are shown in Table 13.3-2. Enterprises can bear the following expenses, so technically and economically, every pollution prevention measures adopted by the project is feasible. Table 13.3-2 Environmental operating costs of the project (ten thousand/Year) fly ash Waste Fume gas Others （ Depreciation of Total treatment water treatment equipment maintenance costs） fee treatment fee fee 191 287 521 498 1497 13.4 Environmental Economy Profit and Loss Analysis The project adopts reliable waste gas, waste water, noise and solid waste treatment measures to lower the pollutants discharged into the environment to the largest degree, which has obvious environmental benefits and show specifically at the following aspects: Flue gas purification adopts ““SNCR incineration denitration (aqueous ammonia)+mechanical rotary spraying drying purification tower+dry method calcium hydroxide spraying+dry method hydrated lime spraying +activated carbon adsorption+bag filter” mix process technology to ensure zero discharge of incineration gas; The project’s circulating cooling water and replacement water is used in flue gas treatment, lime slurry preparation, ash treatment, flushing of garbage trucks and conveyor approach bridge and loadometer, and won’t efflux; after the discharged water of boiler is cooled and collected by blowdown, it can be reused as supplement water of circulating cooling system and won’t efflux. Sewage and wastewater laboratories, equipment rinse backwash water and ground water can be discharged directly into Bengbu Yangtaizi Sewage Treatment Plant after collection. After garbage truck, approach bridge, loadometer flushing water and initial rainwater are treated by car-washing wastewater treatment system to meet the water quality requirements of car-washing water in Reclamation and Reuse of Urban Wastewater-water Quality Standards of Urban Miscellaneous Water (GB/T18920-2002), it can be reused. After the washing wastewater in tipping area, washing wastewater in side bilge and landfill leachate are treated by leachate treatment system can be reused when meeting the supplement water quality standards of ambient recycling water system prescribed in Reclamation and Reuse of Urban Wastewater-Quality Standards of Industrial Water (GB/T19923-2005). Having adopted a serial of noise reducing measures, the boundary noise can reach the standard; solid garbage generated by the project all receives proper handling or comprehensive utilization. After “Three Wastes” generated by the project is treated with proper measures, they can have a smaller impact on the environment and meet the requirements of environmental protection. Besides, utilizes garbage burning to produce thermal power to generate electricity. Recycle domestic garbage can receive better environmental economy benefit. 14 Public participation 14.1 Purpose of public participation Public participation is an important part of environmental impact assessment. The role and purpose of public participation is mainly manifested in: （1） To familiarize the public with the project and make them fully recognize the project so that the project can create better environmental and social benefits. （2） Public participation is an important method of coordinating the construction and social impact of the project. Through public participation, it is confirmed that all the major environmental problems caused or may be caused by the project have been analyzed and demonstrated in the environmental impact assessment. （3） To confirm the rationality and feasibility of environmental protection measures. （4） To gather public views and opinions on the project and to take full account of public requirements in the development of environmental protection measures. （5） The purpose of public participation in the EIA is to understand the views and attitudes of the public around the project and to understand the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project so that the environmental impact assessment can be democratized and publicized. 14.2 Methods and contents of public participation 14.2.1 Publicity of environmental information In accordance with the "Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment" (SEPA February 14, 2006, HF 2006 [No. 28]), the construction unit or its commissioned environmental impact assessment agencies, environmental protection administrative departments should make the information of environmental impact assessment accessible to the public. The project is divided into the first announcement, the second announcement, online publicity, newspaper publicity, forums and the issuance of the questionnaire while visiting around. 14.2.1.1 The first announcement Article 8 of "Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment"(SEPA, February 14, 2006, HF 2006 [No. 28]) stipulates that the construction unit shall, within 7 days after confirming the environmental impact assessment institution that has undertaken the environmental impact assessment work, announce to the public the following information: Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd First Announcement of Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant Project Environmental Impact Assessment 1. Name and overview of the construction project Project Name: Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant Project Construction site: Bengbu municipal solid waste sanitary landfill area B Address: No. 1419, Shengli Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu Contact: Mr. Yang Tel: 0552-2065001 2. Name and contact information of environmental impact assessment agency Environmental impact assessment agency: Nanjing Normal University Address: No. 122, Ninghai Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Contact: Li Gong Tel: 025-85280708 E-mail: [email protected] 3. Basic information of the project Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is designed for the total size of daily processing of 1960 tons (605t/d×2+ 750t/d) of the municipal solid waste and consists of two phases of construction. The project is phase I which features daily processing of 1210 tons of domestic waste (605t/d×2), equipped with 25 MW turbine generator with annual disposal of domestic waste of 441650 tons, generating capacity 1.77×108kW.h/a. Waste incineration production line works 333 days a year; equipment effectively works 8000 hours a year and the total capacity of the whole plant is 68 people with a total investment of 503,192,900 yuan in Phase I. 4. Working procedures and the main contents of environmental impact assessment : Environmental assessment procedure: accepting commission→ preparatory phase(including data collection, preliminary on-the-spot investigation and engineering analysis, environment information announcement)→formal work phase (environmental monitoring, project analysis, environmental impact forecasting evaluation)→report preparation stage (summary of the results of the work, environmental information publicity, public participation in the investigation and report review after the draft of report is finished) The main contents of EIA work: through project analysis, environmental status survey, forecast project construction’s impact scope and extent on water, gas, sound, soil environment and put forward the pollution prevention and control measures with respect to water, gas, sound, solid waste and soil, so that the social and economic benefits of the proposed project are coordinated with the environment so as to provide scientific basis for the decision-making of engineering construction and environmental management department. 5. Main issues requiring public opinion: ① The attitude of the site selection of this project; ② The impact of the project on your life; ③ What aspects of the project do you think have greatest environmental impact? ④ What environmental protection measures do you think we should take? ⑤What do you think of the role does this project play on the local economic development? ⑥ Other recommendations on environmental protection. 6. Main methods of putting forward public opinion: The public may, within 10 working days from the date of this announcement, make comments by sending letters, faxes, e-mails to the construction unit or the evaluation unit. After accepting the construction unit’s commission, the first announcement was conducted on September 16, 2015 on the Bengbu Environmental Protection Bureau website and the information is valid for 10 working days. (Website:http://www.bbepb.gov.cn/show.aspx?ID=1320 http://www.bbepb.gov.cn/show.aspx?ID=13144) 14.2.1.2 Second announcement Article 9 of "Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment"(SEPA, February 14, 2006, HF 2006 [No. 28]) stipulates that the construction unit or its entrusted environmental impact assessment institution shall, in the preparation of the environmental impact report, announce to the public the following content before submitting it to the environmental protection administrative department for approval or review: Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd Second Announcement of Environmental Impact Assessment of Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant Project (1) Brief description of the construction project Project Name: Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd. Bengbu City Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant Project. Construction Project Summary: Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is designed for the total size of daily processing of 1960 tons (605t/d×2+750t/d) of the municipal solid waste and consists of two phases of construction. The project is phase I which features daily processing of 1210 tons of domestic waste (605t/d×2), equipped with 25 MW turbine generator, with annual disposal of domestic waste of 441650 tons, generating capacity 1.77×108kW.h/a. Waste incineration production line works 333 days a year; equipment effectively works 8000 hours a year and the total capacity of the whole plant is 68 people with a total investment of 503,192,900 yuan in Phase I. (2) Overview of the possible impact of the project on the environment Pollutants production: the project produced little pollutants during the construction period. The main pollutants produced during the operation period include: domestic sewage, laboratory waste water, equipment backwashing water and ground flushing water garbage truck, approach bridge, platform slush water and initial rainwater, waste discharge area washing wastewater, sewage ditch washing waste water and garbage leachate; air pollutants include incinerator exhausted gas, dust and exhausted gas, foul gas ; solid wastes mainly include incinerator slag, fly ash, effluent treatment sludge, used oil, used cloth bag, waste membrane, domestic waste and waste activated carbon; Noise sources mainly include generators, cooling towers, fans, pumps, air compressors and so on. (3) The main points of countermeasures and measures to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts Construction Period: Keep the ground clean, keep a certain degree of humidity to reduce the generation of dust; waste water collection; construction waste are placed according to the designated location on a regular basis; avoid the construction at night to reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment. Operation period: ① Wastewater: The project is equipped with a separate sewage drainage system. The wastewater treatment system of the plant is composed of three parts, one is the low concentration wastewater treatment system, which mainly collects the domestic sewage, the laboratory waste water, the equipment backwash water and the ground flushing water. The water quality of the system is relatively simple and the water is directly drained to Bengbu Yangzitai sewage treatment plant; the second is the car washing wastewater treatment system, which mainly collects garbage trucks, approach, platform slush water and the initial rain. The stream of waste water is processed by "regulating pool +coagulation sediment +MBR system +disinfection pool" before reaching the vehicle flushing water requirements of water quality in Urban Sewage Recycling, Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality(GBT 18920-2002) ; the third is the high concentration wastewater treatment system, which mainly collects waste discharge area washing wastewater, sewage ditch washing wastewater and landfill leachate. The waste water is processed by “pretreatment +anaerobic reactor+ membrane bioreactor (MBR)+NF+RO" before it reaches the Urban Sewage Recycling, Industrial Water Quality "(GB/T19923-2005) provisions of the make-up water quality standard recycling of open type circulating water system. ② Exhaust gas: incinerator flue gas purification system using "SNCR furnace denitrification (ammonia)+mechanical rotary spray drying tower+ dry lime spray + activated carbon adsorption+ bag dust" combination of flue gas purification process to achieve standards before passing 80-meter high chimney for emission; ash warehouse, slaked lime storage, activated carbon warehouse, cement warehouse and green lime warehouse are subject to bag dedusting treatment before discharge; odor gas produced by garbage storage workshop, landfill leachate treatment station are discharged into the incinerator combustion for standard discharge. ③ Noise: strengthen equipment maintenance and ensure the normal operation of the equipment and take the appropriate damping, muffler measures to minimize the impact of noise on the surrounding environment. ④ Solid waste: comprehensive treatment of slag; stabilized treatment in the fly ash plant before land-filling in the refuse landfill; used oil, waste activated carbon and waste bags are the dangerous solid waste, which are dealt with by qualified units; domestic waste and waste water sludge generated by the treatment station, etc., are entered into the incineration system for incineration treatment. Construction units in accordance with national and local environmental laws and regulations, through a series of corresponding environmental management measures, achieve the discharge of pollutants; reduce the degree of pollution caused by the project. After taking relevant environmental protection measures, these environmental impacts of the project can be effectively controlled. (4) The main points of the environmental impact assessment conclusion put forward by the environmental impact report The project is in line with the relevant national industrial policies and is in line with the requirements of the local master plan and environmental protection plan. Advanced equipment with a high degree of automation, low resource consumption and pollutant generation indicator is applied in the production, clean production level of which has reached the domestic advanced level; after the serious implementation of the environmental protection measures, the pollutants can be discharged up to the standards; after the completion of the project, the impact of the environment is acceptable and will not change the current functional requirements of the current atmosphere, water, and acoustic environment quality around the project. (5) Public access to information and duration Please contact the EIA if the public need to obtain supplementary information or a brief description of the report. (6) Specific form of soliciting opinions After this announcement, the public can submit their views on the project construction and EIA work through website, sending e-mail, fax, letter to the designated address, making phone calls, or conducting interview. (7) The starting and ending time for the public to make comments 10 working days from the date of this announcement. (8) Name and contact information of the construction unit and the EIA unit EIA Unit: Nanjing Normal University Contact: Li Gong Tel: 025-85280708 E-mail: [email protected] Construction unit: Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Limited Contact: Mr. Yang Tel: 0552-2065001 Construction unit made the second announcement on the website of Bengbu Environmental Protection Bureau on October 15, 2015. The information is valid for 10 working days.( http://www.bbepb.gov.cn/show.aspx?ID=13203； http://www.bbepb.gov.cn/show.aspx?ID=13144) 14.2.1.3 Forum Construction unit organized the village resident representatives of the surrounding area to Dynagreen Group Taizhou solid waste power plant for a visit and held a forum on November 14, 2015. The attendees includes a total of 22 people of village resident representatives from Lilou village, Laoshan village, Huangxiang village, Jia’an village and Bengbu Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau, Bengbu Environmental Protection Bureau and the EIA unit. The attendees are listed in the following table: Table 14.2-1 Attendee List of forum No. Name Gender Department Bengbu Administrative Law 1 Wang Wenxue male Enforcement Bureau Bengbu Environmental Protection 2 Zhang Zetao male Bureau 3 Hu Yongguo male Environmental Sanitation Division 4 Li Chunhong male Longzihu Law Enforcement Bureau 5 Xu Guoqiang male Secretary of Lilou Village 6 Li Canglu male Representative of Laoshan Village 7 He Wenliang male Representative of Laoshan Village 8 Li Lianbing male Representative of Jia’an Village 9 Wu Shuzhu male Representative of Jia’an Village 10 Li Bingzhan male Representative of Lilou Village 11 Li Chunben male Representative of Lilou Village Representative of Huangxiang 12 Huang Junqi male Village Representative of Huangxiang 13 Yin Xiangbing male Village distance village direction population （m） laoshancun northerneast 1050 3282 shanhujia northerneast 1400 998 xiaoxiang northerneast 1800 1681 xuelijia northerneast 3000 2000 jiaancun southerneast 900 1515 yuchengzi southerneast 1750 300 xiongchengzi southerneast 2200 600 baligangcun southerneast 2300 864 guojiawan southerneast 3000 450 zhangbojia southernwest 2500 450 liloucun southernwest 1300 1982 qingshuitang southernwest 2600 150 huangqiangcun west 1300 850 pingtangzhuang west 2000 308 sanligangcun northerwest 2400 900 chaoyangcun norhernwest 2250 450 dingjiamiao northern 2100 450 At the meeting, Mr. Yang briefed the project. The representative of the unit briefed the project on the main achievements of the project's EIA work. The participants expressed their views on the environmental quality and pollution control measures around the project, supported the construction indicators of this project and made some comments and suggestions, which can be summed up as the following main points: (1) Do well in garbage sealed transport work to minimize the garbage odor gas leakage; (2) Do well in incinerator waste gas treatment to ensure that emissions stable discharge standards; (3) Recommend to strengthen environmental monitoring efforts, regular public monitoring of information, so that people can be aware of it in a timely manner; (4) Improve the project's emergency response work and strengthen supervision. The comments and suggestions of the above feedback are the basis of the environmental impact assessment and are fully validated to be recommendations and requirements for future environmental protection work for the project. 14.2.1.4 Complete report announcement In accordance with the requirements of the Guidelines for the Disclosure of Government Information for Construction Environmental Impact Assessment (Trial Implementation), the construction unit shall, before submitting the environmental impact report of the construction project to the environmental protection department in charge, openly disclose the complete project environmental impact report in accordance with the law. This project made complete edition announcement on the website of the Bengbu Environmental Protection Bureau (http://www.bbepb.gov.cn/show.aspx?ID=13459) and in the Bengbu daily newspaper. During the publicity period, no feedback was received. Bengbu Green Power Renewable Energy Co., Ltd. Public announcement of complete environmental impact assessment report of Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant Project (1) Report information publicity description Bengbu municipal administration decided on franchise BOTES cooperation and set the construction of municipal solid waste incineration power plant project in Bengbu municipal solid waste landfill area B. Investor Dynagreen Environmental Protection Group has officially signed franchise rights agreement with Bengbu Administration Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau and set up Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd for the project construction. The project covers an area of 67390 square meters. The total size of the design for the treatment of municipal solid waste is 1960t/d (2x60St/d+1x750t/d) and consists of two phases of construction. The construction scale of phase I is 2x605t/d furnace incinerator + 1x25MW turbine generator set. This evaluation is only for phase I project, not including the second phase of the project. The equipment of phase I project runs 8000 hours yearly, which can handle household waste of 441650 tons with the annual power generating capacity of 177 million kwh and the average annual electricity consumption of 145 million kwh. Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd commissioned Nanjing Normal University to prepare the evaluation report. The environmental impact assessment report of the project has been prepared by Nanjing Normal University and is ready for examination and approval. According to the requirements of the Guidelines for Information Disclosure of Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Project (Trial Implementation), the construction unit shall, before submitting the construction project environment impact report to the environmental protection department, take the initiative to disclose the complete project environmental impact report in accordance with law. Now Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd discloses to the public "Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project". The details of complete report can be found in Annex. (2) Main methods for the public to bring forward opinions The public can contact the project unit or EIA by telephone, fax, letter, e-mail, etc. (3) Name and contact information of the project construction unit Construction unit: Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd Contact: Mr. Yang Tel: 0552-2065001 (4) Name and contact information of the environmental impact assessment agency undertaking the evaluation work EIA unit: Nanjing Normal University Contact: Li Gong Tel: 025-85280708 E-mail: [email protected] 14.2.2 Public participation survey opinion 14.2.2.1 Methods and contents of survey The public participation survey was conducted with consultation form after the end of the second public announcement. The contents of the survey are shown in Table 14.2-2 and Table 14.2-3. Table 14.2-2 Survey of individual public participation in environmental protection of construction projects Bengbu Dynagreen Renewable Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Name of Energy Co., Ltd. Bengbu Municipal Construc Sanitary project Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant tion site Landfill Area B Project Construction Brief Bengbu municipal solid waste sanitary landfill is located in the eastern suburb of introduction Longzihu District, about 20 kilometers from the city center, covering 669 mu, with design scale daily processing of solid waste 800 tons/day and the total storage capacity of 5.08 million cubic meters, which is designed to be used for 16 years. The landfill was put into operation in March 2006 and was rated as National Grade I Solid Waste Landfill in 2009, which has buried about 2.6 million cubic meters garbage. In 2015, rain and sewage diversion project, odor treatment concentrate project were put into use, which covered the garbage body, leachate regulation pool with HDPE film so as to effectively improve the impact on the surrounding environment. According to Bengbu sanitation planning statistics, Bengbu in 2014 collected the amount of garbage of about 810t/d. As the economy develops, people's living standards and population continue to grow, urban living garbage production is still on the rise with the rate of 6% -8% and is expected to be close to 1210t/d in garbage collection and transportation amount in 2017. Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill will soon fail to meet the demand of waste landfill. In order to reduce the impact of odor and better improve the surrounding environment of the project, a municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is built in the municipal solid waste sanitary landfill area B. Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is designed for daily processing of municipal solid waste of 1960 tons (605t/d×2+750t/d) and consists of two phases of construction. The project is phase I which features daily processing of 1210 tons of domestic waste (605t/d×2), equipped with 25 MW turbine generator, with annual disposal of domestic waste of 441650 tons, generating capacity 1.77×108kW.h/a. Waste incineration production line works 333 days a year; equipment effectively works 8000 hours a year and the total capacity of the whole plant is 68 people and a total investment of Phase I is 503,192,900 yuan. Wastewater: The project is equipped with a separate sewage system. The wastewater treatment system of the plant is composed of three parts, one is the low concentration wastewater treatment system; the second is the car washing wastewater treatment system, which mainly collects garbage trucks, approach bridge, platform slush water and the initial rain and the unit of waste water is processed by "regulating pool + coagulation sediment + MBR system + disinfection pool" before reaching the vehicle flushing water requirements of water quality in Urban Sewage Recycling, Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality(GBT 18920-2002); the third is the high concentration wastewater. The waste water is processed by “pretreatment +anaerobic reactor+ membrane bioreactor (MBR) + NF + RO" before it reaches the Urban Sewage Recycling, Industrial Water Quality"(GB/T19923-2005) provisions of the make-up water quality standard recycling of open type circulating water system. Exhaust gas: incinerator flue gas purification system applies flue gas purification process "SNCR furnace denitrification (ammonia)+mechanical rotary spray drying tower+ dry lime spray+ activated carbon adsorption+ bag dedusting" to reach the standards before discharging through 80 meters high chimney; exhaust emission is superior than standard in table 4 "solid waste incineration pollution control standards" (GB18485-2014) and some indicators reach the solid waste incineration flue gas emissions standards EU2000/76/EEC of EU. Noise: strengthen equipment maintenance, ensure the normal operation of the equipment and take the appropriate damping, muffler measures to minimize the impact of noise on the surrounding environment. Solid waste: comprehensive treatment of slag; stabilized treatment in the fly ash plant before landfill in the refuse landfill; used oil, waste activated carbon and waste bags are the dangerous solid waste, which are commissioned by qualified units to deal with; domestic waste and waste water sludge generated by the treatment station, etc., are entered into the incineration system for incineration treatment. In accordance with the relevant provisions, the project requires public participation in the survey of environmental impact assessment. You are invited to make valuable comments so that we can make timely and accurate reflection to the EIA report. Name Gender Age Education Occupation level Home address Tel 1. Which disposal method of garbage do you A. landfill □ B. incineration □ C. composting □ think is better in the Bengbu area? 2. Through which channel do you know A. Network □ B. Newspaper □ C. Folk information □ about this project? 3. Do you think the project will improve the A.Yes □ B. Not sure □ C. No □ landfill environment after completion of the project? 4. Do you think that the incineration power generation treatment of waste is better than A. Yes □ B. Not sure □ C. No □ the existing landfill method? A. Incineration produces air pollution □ B. Garbage storage produces odor □ 5. Do you think the project construction may C. Water environment is contaminated bring environmental problems? □ D. Others □ 6. Do you support the project? A. Yes □ B. No □ C. It doesn’t matter □ 7. What are your suggestions and requirements for environmental protection aspects of the project? 8. What advice and requirements do you have for the environmental protection department to approve the project? Inquirer signature： Respondent signature: Table 14.2-3 Group Public Participation Survey of Environmental Protection of the Construction Project Name of unit Address Tel Bengbu municipal solid waste sanitary landfill is located in the eastern suburb of Longzihu District, about 20 kilometers from the city center, covering 669 mu, with design scale daily processing of solid waste 800 tons/day and the total storage capacity of 5.08 Brief million cubic meters, which is designed to be used for 16 years. The landfill was put into introduction operation in March 2006 and was rated as National Grade I Solid Waste Landfill in 2009, to the project which has buried about 2.6 million cubic meters garbage. In 2015, rain and sewage diversion project, odor treatment concentrate project were put into use, which covered the garbage body, leachate regulation pool with HDPE film so as to effectively improve the impact on the surrounding environment. According to Bengbu sanitation planning statistics, Bengbu in 2014 collected the amount of garbage of about 810t/d. As the economy develops, people's living standards and population continue to grow, urban living garbage production is still on the rise with the rate of 6% -8% and is expected to be close to 1210t/d in garbage collection and transportation amount in 2017. Bengbu Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill will soon fail to meet the demand of waste landfill. In order to reduce the impact of odor and better improve the surrounding environment of the project, a municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is built in the municipal solid waste sanitary landfill area B. Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is designed for daily processing of municipal solid waste of 1960 tons (605t/d×2+750t/d) and consists of two phases of construction. The project is phase I which features daily processing of 1210 tons of domestic waste (605t/d×2), equipped with 25 MW turbine generator, with annual disposal of domestic waste of 441650 tons, generating capacity 1.77×108kW.h/a. Waste incineration production line works 333 days a year; equipment effectively works 8000 hours a year and the total capacity of the whole plant is 68 people with a total investment of 503,192,900 yuan in Phase I. Wastewater: The drainage system of the project is equipped with a separate sewage system. The wastewater treatment system of the plant is composed of three parts, one is the low concentration wastewater treatment system; the second is the car washing wastewater treatment system, which mainly collects garbage trucks, approach bridge, platform slush water and the initial rain and the unit of waste water is processed by "regulating pool + coagulation sediment + MBR system + disinfection pool" before reaching the vehicle flushing water requirements of water quality in Urban Sewage Recycling, Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality(GBT 18920-2002); the third is the high concentration wastewater. The waste water is processed by “pretreatment+ anaerobic reactor+ membrane bioreactor (MBR) + NF + RO " before it reaches the Urban Sewage Recycling, Industrial Water Quality "(GB/T19923-2005) provisions of the make-up water quality standard recycling of open type circulating water system. Exhaust gas: incinerator flue gas purification system applies flue gas purification process "SNCR furnace denitrification (ammonia)+mechanical rotary spray drying tower+ dry lime spray+ activated carbon adsorption+ bag dedusting" to reach the standards before discharging through 80 meters high chimney; exhaust emission is superior than standard in table 4 "solid waste incineration pollution control standards" (GB18485-2014) and some indicators reach the solid waste incineration flue gas emissions standards EU2000/76/EEC of EU. Noise: strengthen equipment maintenance, ensure the normal operation of the equipment and take the appropriate damping, muffler measures to minimize the impact of noise on the surrounding environment. Solid waste: comprehensive treatment of slag; stabilized treatment in the fly ash plant before landfill in the refuse landfill; used oil, waste activated carbon and waste bags are the dangerous solid waste, which are commissioned by qualified units to deal with; domestic waste and waste water sludge generated by the treatment station, etc., are entered into the incineration system for incineration treatment. In accordance with the relevant provisions, the project requires public participation in the survey of environmental impact assessment. You are invited to make valuable comments so that we can make timely and accurate reflection to the EIA report. 1. Which disposal method of garbage do you A. landfill □ B. incineration □ C. composting □ think is better in the Bengbu area? 2. Through which channel do you know A. Network □ B. Newspaper □ C. Folk information □ about this project? 3. Do you think the project will improve the landfill environment after completion of the A.Yes □ B. Not sure □ C. No □ project? 4. Do you think that the incineration power generation treatment of waste is better than A. Yes □ B. Not sure □ C. No □ the existing landfill method? A. Incineration produces air pollution □ B. Garbage storage produces odor 5. Do you think the project construction may □ bring environmental problems? C. Water environment is contaminated □ D. Others □ 6. Do you support the project? A. Yes □ B. No □ C. It doesn’t matter □ 7. What are your suggestions and requirements for environmental protection aspects of the project? 8. What advice and requirements do you have for the environmental protection department to approve the project? 14.2.2.2 Survey time, scope and object After the second announcement of the project, the status investigation will be conducted by issuing the consultation form. The survey will include the residents in the vicinity of the project. The survey involves a wide range of objects, including different age, occupation, education and other aspects. A total of 255 personal survey questionnaires were distributed, and 252 were recovered. The recovery rate was 99%. Four groups were surveyed and all were withdrawn. The educational level and occupational distribution of the respondents were shown in Table 14.2-4 and Table 14.2-5. Table 14.2-5 Name list of respondent groups of public participation No. Name of unit Mobile Address Altitude Supporti 1 Laoshan Village Committee 13685526812 Laoshan Village, Lilou Town ve Huangxiang Village Supporti 2 13965269836 Huangxiang Village, Lilou Town Committee ve Supporti 3 Jia’an Village Committee 15955266701 Jia’an Village, Lilou Town ve Supporti 4 Lilou Village Committee 13085526669 Lilou Village, Lilou Town ve 14.2.2.3 Survey statistical results Individual survey results are shown in Table 14.2-6. Group survey statistics are shown in Table 14.2-7. Table 14.2-6 Statistical results of individual surveys Item Number of people Ratio Which disposal method of garbage do Landfill 5 2% you think is better in the Bengbu area? Incineration 247 98% Composting 0 0 Network 86 34% Through which channel do you know Newspaper 0 0 about this project? Folk information 166 66% Yes 252 100% Do you think the project will improve the Not sure 0 0 landfill environment after completion of the project? No 0 0 Yes 252 100% Do you think that the incineration power Not sure 0 0 generation treatment of waste is better than the existing landfill method? No 0 0 Incineration produces air 13 5% pollution Garbage storage produces odor 229 91% Do you think the project construction may bring environmental problems? Water environment is 10 4% contaminated Others 0 0 Yes 248 98.4% Do you support the construction of this No 0 0 project? It doesn’t matter 4 1.6% Table 14.2-7 Statistical results of group surveys Item Number of people Ratio Landfill 0 0 Which disposal method of garbage do Incineration 4 100% you think is better in the Bengbu area? Composting 0 0 Network 2 50% Through which channel do you know Newspaper 0 0 about this project? Folk information 2 50% Yes 4 100% Do you think the project will improve the Not sure 0 0 landfill environment after completion of the project? No 0 0 Yes 4 100% Do you think that the incineration power Not sure 0 0 generation treatment of waste is better than the existing landfill method? No 0 0 Incineration produces air 3 75% pollution Garbage storage produces odor 0 0 Do you think the project construction may bring environmental problems? Water environment is 1 25% contaminated Others 0 0 Yes 4 100% Do you support the construction of this No 0 0 project? It doesn’t matter 0 0 Sample Original Survey Questionnaire 14.3 Four conformity analysis 14.3.1 Procedural legitimacy analysis The public participation in accordance with the HF [2006] No. 28 requirements released two announcements, which lasted for 10 working days. After announcing the brief edition to the public, the questionnaires and forum were adopted for public participation survey, The procedures for public participation are in compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as shown in Table 14.3-1 Table 14.3-1 Analysis of the legitimacy of public participation procedures Confor Document Requirement Implementation of this project mity The information on the name and summary of the project shall be After receiving the announced to the public within 7 days commission within 7 working after the institution undertaking the days, the first announcement environmental impact assessment, and was released on the Bengbu Confor the time limit for public consultation shall Environmental Protection m not be less than 10 working days, and Bureau website which lasted the relevant information of the public 10 working days from shall be kept in public state within the September 16, 2015. time limit for public consultation Before submitting to the competent 10 working days from department of environmental protection October 15, 2015, second "Environmental I for approval, the construction unit shall announcement was released Confor mpact Assessme inform the public of the scope, extent on the Bengbu City m nt Public Participa and main precautionary measures that Environmental Protection tion Interim Meas may cause environmental impact Bureau website ures" (State Envir Take one or more of the following ways onmental Protecti to disclose the environmental impact In the course of the public on Administration assessment report that is easy for public survey, provide a brief report February 14, 200 understanding: provide a brief and provide a brief edition 6, HF [2006] No. description of the environmental impact download link on the website 28) report at a specific location, create a of Bengbu Environmental Confor thematic web page containing a brief Protection Bureau, hold a m report on the environmental impact forum, and provide the full report, set up an environment impact disclosure of the report URL report simple link on a public website or in the Bengbu daily a thematic website , other way to newspaper facilitate public access to environmental impact brief report in simple way The scope of the The scope of the questionnaire should questionnaire should be Confor be consistent with the scope of the consistent with the scope of m impact of the construction project the impact of the construction project Notice on In the process of carrying out the Information announcement Strengthening the environmental impact assessment, the was released on the Bengbu Management of construction unit shall inform the public Environmental Protection Confor Environmental about the environmental impact Bureau website and Bengbu m Impact information of the project in the local daily newspaper Assessment HF newspaper, website and relevant [2012] No. 98 grass-roots organization information bulletin board "Notice on Further Strengthening the Environmental The project's brief and Impact The project information disclosure complete edition of second Assessment should include the possible public announcement Confor Management to environmental risks and corresponding revealed the environmental m Prevent environmental risk planning and risk and the corresponding Environmental contingency measures environmental risk planning Risks" HF[2012] and emergency measures No. 77 14.3.2 Form validity analysis In accordance with HF<2006>NO.28, this public participation includes two internet announcements, newspaper publicity, forums and public questionnaires, which are in line with the relevant provisions of the Interim Measures for Public Participation. In addition to introducing the construction projects in the questionnaire Situation, verbally answer to the respondents to the relevant questions is also required. More than 72% of the surveyed people have a junior secondary education level, 77% of the public are aged less than 50 years old, thus it can be seen that most of the public surveyed has a certain degree of education, with a clear and accurate understanding of the degree of impact of the project. 14.3.3 Object representativeness analysis The public participation in the personal questionnaire takes the form of field v isits and the survey is conducted in the main residential areas within the sco pe of the assessment, including Lilou Village, Jia’an Village, Huangxiang Vill age, Laoshan Village with a total of 255 copies and the recovery rate of 9 8%, of which 87 copies are prepared for Lilou Village, 64 copies are for Ji a’an Village, 60 are for Huangxiang Village, 41 are for Laoshan Village. A group public survey is conducted in Lilou Village, Jia’an Village, Huangxia ng Village, Laoshan Village, indicating the universality and representativenes s of the public survey. 14.3.4 Authenticity analysis of results The EIA public participation survey is the on-site investigation conducted b y EIA unit with the construction unit with clear statement of project content, possible environmental impact and the proposed measures, possible risk acc idents to the respondents. The survey results truly reflect the public opinions and the questionnaire keeps the respondents’ real contact information, whic h can be verified. 14.4 Conclusion The public participation is conducted in the form of online announcement, n ewspaper publicity, forums and public participation questionnaires. During th e project announcement period, the EIA unit did not receive any feedback, ind icating that the public did not object to the construction of the project. From th e survey results of 252 individual public participation in the survey, the vast m ajority of the public assume that the construction of the project can promote t he local economic development and can increase employment opportunities , with greater social and economic benefits; 98.4% of the people are in favo r of the construction of the project; 1.6% of people state it does not matter; n o one objects to the construction. But also at the same time, the public objecti vely put forward that the project may produce waste water, noise and other p ollution problems, but also aware of the construction of the project may caus e a certain degree of adverse impact on the surrounding environment, requirin g the project to be carried out with necessary pollution prevention and contro l measures to ensure that all kinds of pollutants are discharged in accordanc e with standards, and do well in environmental protection work. For the public concerned issues, the following environmental protection meas ures are taken; (4) The public assume that the construction of the project should be strictly i n accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and construction is stric tly prohibited at night so as not to affect the normal rest time of the local e nterprise workers. (5) The public suggest that the construction unit must strengthen the awarene ss of environmental protection sense of workers, and be equipped with f ull-time environmental protection personnel on the management and moni toring of daily operation of environmental protection equipment and truly achieve pollutant discharge standards. (6) The public hope that the project will contribute to the local social and economic devel opment without affecting the local environmental quality. Therefore, the project shoul d actively adopt various pollution prevention and control measures to ensure that poll utants are discharged in accordance with standards and the social and environmental benefits are achieved in a balanced way. 15. Grievance Redress Mechanism (1) To settle unforeseen issues effectively, an effective and transparent channel for lodging complaints and grievances will be established. The grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is detailed in the EMP and the basic process is presented below. The EMP, including the GRM, will be refined during the detailed design phase of the project when more design details become available. The updated documents will be approved by the ADB. (2) Basic steps for resolving complaints are as follows and illustrated in Figure A.1. (3) 14.1 Step 1: For environmental problems during the construction stage, the affected persons (AP) can register their complaints directly with the contractors as well as the Dynagreen, BPMO, or BEPB. Contractors are required to set up a complaint hotline and anonymous drop-box and designate a person in charge of handling complaints, and to advertise the hotline number at the main entrance to each construction site. The contractors will maintain and update a Complaint Register to document all complaints. Unless the comment was received anonymously, the contractors are required to response to the complainant in writing within 7 calendar days on their proposed solution and how it will be implemented. If the problem is resolved and the complainant is satisfied with the solution, the grievance handling ends here. The contractors are required to report all complaints received, handled, resolved and unresolved to BPMO monthly. (4) 14.2 Step 2: For environmental problems that could not be resolved at the contractor level, the affected person can take the grievance to the BPMO and BEPB. On receiving complaints by the BPMO or BEPB, the party receiving the complaints must notify the other party and document the complaint in writing in a Complaint Register. The BPMO must immediately inform the BPMO Environmental Specialist of a complaint and to agree on a course of action.The BPMO and BEPB must reply to each complain in writing within 14 calendar days on the proposed solution and how it will be implemented. If the problem is resolved and the complainant is satisfied with the solution, the BPMO should document the complaint and resolution process in its Complaint Register, with quarterly reporting to Dynagreen. (5) 14.3 Step 3: If the affected person is not satisfied with the proposed solutions in Step 2, he/she can, upon receiving the reply, take the grievance to the Dynagreen and BPMO (which will be received by the BPMO Environment or Social Specialist). Upon receiving the complaint, BPMO must deal with it within 14 calendar days. Once a complaint is documented and put on file, BPMO through Dynagreen will immediately notify ADB. After discussing the complaint and potential solutions among ADB, BPMO, the E&S OFFICER, the contractor, and the affected person, BPMO must provide clear answers to the complainant within 14 calendar days from when the complaint is documented and put on file. (6) The tracking and documenting of grievance resolutions by BPMO will include the following elements: (i) tracking forms and procedures for gathering information from project personnel and complainant(s); (ii) regular updating of the GRM database by the BPMO Environment and/or Social Specialist; (iii) processes for informing stakeholders about the status of a case; and (iv) procedures to retrieve data for reporting purposes, including the periodic reports to the ADB. (7) If the above steps are unsuccessful, people who are, or may in the future be, adversely affected by the project may submit complaints to ADB’s Accountability Mechanism. The Accountability Mechanism provides an independent forum and process whereby people adversely affected by ADB-assisted projects can voice, and seek a resolution of their problems, as well as report alleged violations of ADB‘s operational policies and procedures. Before submitting a complaint to the Accountability Mechanism, affected people should make a good faith effort to solve their problems by working with the concerned ADB operations department. Only after doing that, and if they are still dissatisfied, should they approach the Accountability Mechanism.1 Affected Persons 1 week1 Step 1 Complain Complain Complain Hotline Satisfactory Complaint Contractors Register Unsatisfactor y 2 weeks2 Step 2 Complaint BEPB Satisfactory Register BPMO Unsatisfactor y 2 weeks2 Step 3 Complain Register BPMO Satisfactory Dynagreen ADB Figure15.1: Proposed Grievance Redress Mechanism 1 See: http://compliance.adb.org/ 16 Environmental Management Plan 16.1 Environmental Management 16.1.1 Basic Purposes and Goals of Environmental Management In order to ensure the effective implementation of environmental protection measures and to coordinate the development of social, economic and environmental benefits, we must strengthen environmental management to make sure that project construction is in sync with the planning, development and implementation of national economic construction, social development and environment construction. 16.1.2 Responsibilities and Measures of Management It is recommended that the project should have 2 to 6 full-time environmental management personnel responsible for environmental management in company and external environmental coordination work and conducting environmental management responsibilities and environmental monitoring responsibilities. As follows: 16.1.2.1 Responsibilities of Environmental Management (1) Implement environmental regulations and standards (2) Establish a variety of environmental management systems and pay regular inspection and supervision (3) prepare environmental protection plan for project and organize the implementation (4) Guide and organize the implementation of the project environmental monitoring work and establish monitoring files (5) Pay special attention to environmental education and technical training to improve the quality of staffs (6) Establish rules and regulations concerning pollutant emissions and the operation of environmental protection facilities for project. (7) Responsible for the daily environmental management work and handle other relevant environmental problems with the environmental protection departments. (8) Formulate emergency treatment plan for unexpected accidents and take part in emergency treatment. (9) Regularly inspect and supervise the implementation of environmental regulations and carry out environmental protection measures in all respects by contacting with relevant departments timely to make it work. 16.1.2.2 Environmental monitoring responsibilities （1） Make annual plan and implementation plan for environmental monitoring, establish rules and regulations and carry them out. （2） Complete monitoring and controlling tasks of the environmental monitoring plan, prepare report table in accordance with the relevant provisions and be responsible for reporting. （3） In the case of sudden pollution accident, actively participate in the investigation and treatment. （4） Responsible for the repair, maintenance and inspection of monitoring equipments to ensure monitoring work is under successful operation. （5） Organize and supervise the implementation of environmental monitoring plan. （6） On the basis of environmental monitoring, establish the pollution source files for project, grasp the amount of pollutant emission, the intensity of emission source, the emission law and the situation of related pollution control and comprehensive utilization. 16.2 Environmental Supervision and Management According to the relevant requirements of the environmental protection department in Anhui province ([2012]329) (issued by environmental construction department) of Regulations for Environmental Supervision Pilot Work of Construction Project in Anhui Province, this project should be carried out environmental supervision work in construction period. 16.2.1 Coverage of Supervision and Management （ 1 ） The standards of environmental protection supervision: supervise pollutant emissions-waste water, waste gas, noise, solid waste and others in the project construction process and confirm whether it meets the emission requirements and whether it exceed the objectives of environmental quality in affected area. （2）Environmental Project Management: According to the environmental impact assessment documents and approval requirements for construction, carry out environmental supervision and management for environmental pollution treatment facilities and environmental risk prevention facilities in project design; materials used in supervision and inspection and the construction process should be compliance. Construction arrangement and timing should be reasonable. Track and supervise the implementation of investment on projects and implement "three simultaneous". Supervision on ecological protection measures: carry out environmental supervision and management on measures related to environmental protection, mitigation, restoration, compensation and reconstruction as well as soil and water conservation, etc, which are proposed in environmental impact assessment documents and approvals. Supervision on environmental management: supervise on the fulfillment of environmental approval procedures, the formulation and implementation of environmental management system, the construction of environmental management institution, the implementation of environmental monitoring plan and the formulation and implementation of environmental risk emergency plan. II. Work Scope of Environmental Supervision and Management It includes construction site, living camp, construction road, owner's office area, owner's camp, ancillary facilities and the areas that are polluted and damaged within the above scope; also it includes the environmental protection regions affected by the operation of construction. III. Environmental supervision and management stage (1) Environmental supervision and management in construction design and construction preparation stage (2) Environmental supervision and management in construction stage. (3) Environmental supervision and management during the final acceptance period. 16.2.2 Contents of Supervision and Management According to the environmental protection regulations of construction project and the requirements of tender documents, environmental supervision and management works include: （1） Inspect whether environmental protection measures are properly implemented the approved environmental impact document and environmental protection measures proposed in Environmental Impact Assessment Report in designing project and construction drawings. （2） Assist the construction team to organize construction and manage environmental protection training for staffs. （3） In construction, to ensure whether the relieve measure for water, sound and air has been implemented and whether it is accepted according to environmental standard. （4） Review the relevant environmental protection articles in project contract. （5） Systematically record environmental impacts in project construction, effects of environmental protection measures and the conditions of environmental protection construction. （6） Respond environmental problems occurred in construction to project supervision team and propose solutions and suggestions. （7） Responsible for preparation of environmental supervision and management working plan and summaries. 16.2.3 Environmental Supervision and Management System (1) Establish a sound security system for environmental supervision and management. Environmental supervision works embody both duality and independence. Therefore, specialized institution and full-time personnel are required. Recommend that environmental supervision and management works in this project should be completed by specialized environmental supervision and management institution in construction period. Require full-time environmental protection personnel in project supervision and management and they should obtain work license for environmental supervision and management during construction. Develop overall quality management according to double requirements of project quality and environmental protection quality. Environmental protection and environmental supervision and management works under this project should be supervised by the environmental protection department of Bengbu city. (2) Carry out environmental rules and regulations and establish implementation details. On the basis of implementing environmental protection policies and regulations of state and Anhui province, establish the environmental monitoring and supervision plan, Measures for the Administration of Environmental Protection during Construction Period and the Detailed Rules for Environmental Protection Work and other relevant environmental protection system in line with the Environmental Impact Assessment document of the project. (3) Establish a full-developed environmental supervision work systems Main working systems: ①Record-keeping system: Describe the inspection situation, analyze the causes of environmental problems and the responsible units and propose initial advices. ② Reporting system: Include “Monthly” for environmental supervision engineers, “half-year assessment report” and others. ③Document notification system: There is only a working relationship between the environmental supervisor and contractors. Their jobs are confirmed by correspondence. ④ Regular meeting system for environment: Hold environmental protection meeting every month to summarize environmental protection works. Gather contractors and environmental supervision and management engineers to study, propose rectification requirements and develop implementation plan for target problems. 16.2.4 Supervision and Management Methods 1. Field Supervision and Management During the construction of sub divisional works, environmental supervision and management engineers should make all-round inspections to environmental protection constructions of contractor and potentially polluting links as well as site-stand and check the major polluting process in full range. Their works include: inspect construction site, grasp pollution dynamics on site, guide works of environmental supervision and management engineers. Supervise and urge contractors and supervisors to implement the environmental supervision details together. Find out and deal with major environmental pollution problems. Supervision and management engineers and supervisor should carry out site supervision on construction technology of all construction position and check the contactor's construction records. Field inspecting and monitoring contents include: a. whether construction is carried out in accordance with articles for environmental protection and whether changes are made without authorization. b. whether construction process meets the environmental requirements. c. Whether construction work meets environmental standards and implement according to requirements for environmental protection design. d. whether the qualified environmental protection measures are implemented in construction process. The supervisor shall record the supervision and inspection on site everyday and report them to the environmental supervision engineer. The environmental supervision engineer shall check the works of supervisor and find problems in time. 2. Ways of Supervision and Management on site ① Inspection: take irregular inspection for project under construction and mainly check whether construction staffs perform according to provisions and procedures. ②Site-standings: environmental supervisors work on the site to inspect, monitor and record in the whole process of certain key projects and correct non-standard operations and find problems at any time. In continuous construction operations, the supervision department shall arrange sufficient personnel to work in relays. They need to make on-site records and prepare for tables in advance. Records should be handed in everyday and reviewed by environmental supervision and management engineers to judge whether they meet the requirements. （3） Supervision Notification ① When the environmental supervisors find problems of environmental pollution in checking, they shall inform the on-site responsible personnel of contractor to correct them. Verbal notification shall be taken for general or operational problems. When verbal notification is invalid or hidden pollution problems may occur, the supervisor shall report the problems to chief environmental supervision engineer and chief environmental supervision engineer shall report to deputy director with special duties. After approval, Rectification Notice should be issued timely asking contractor to rectify then check the results. This notice should be copied and sent to the environmental supervision department and representative of owners. ② When receiving the notification from environmental supervision and management engineer, contractor should rectify the existing problems. After rectification, contractor should fill in Review Examination Table for Rectification and deliver it to environmental supervision and management engineer. The problems are confirmed to be eliminated when they are reviewed by chief environmental supervision engineer and approved by deputy director. 3. Treatments for Pollution Accident In construction process, when major pollution accidents happen, do as follows: (1) After receiving the report from environmental supervision engineer, the director of environmental affairs shall contact the representative of owners immediately and notify contractor in writing form to suspend project construction and take effective measures to protect the environment. (2) After accident, contractor, in addition to give oral report to environmental supervision engineer, should also give a writing report afterwards and fill in Pollution Accident Report on Project with preliminary investigation report on accident to environmental supervision engineer. The pollution accident report shall initially reflect name and location of project, causes of the pollution accident, the emergency-responding environmental protection measures and so on. The report is signed by the environmental supervision engineer, the director of environmental protection after the approval of the owners. After signed by environmental supervision engineer and proved by the director of environmental protection, this report will be reported to owners. (3) The environmental engineer and contractor to carry out an in-depth investigation on the pollution accidents, put forward a preliminary plan after discussing with the relevant section, fill in Examination Table on Pollution Accident Treatment for Project and report to environmental supervision engineer. After signed by environmental supervision engineer and approved by environmental director, the report will be delivered to owner for studying and handling. (4) Environmental director organize relevant personnel with owners to inspect, revise, approve and decide treatment plan proposed by contractor on the base of analysis, monitoring and test on project pollution accidents. After formulated plan, contractor should fill in Resumption Examination Table to environmental supervision engineer for the approval of returning to work. (5) Environmental director judges the responsibilities of pollution accident and conducts an overall inspection on construction records in this process. 16.2.5 Supervision and Management Procedures 1. Construction Drawings Design and Environmental Supervision and Management in Preparation Stage Carry out environmental inspection for the construction bid and prepare relevant review report. ① Review construction design. Construction design of specific project should contain: "three wastes" disposal links, major emission pollutants, ② controlling technologies and measures used in design, final disposal methods and results of pollutants and cleaner production. Review the special provisions on environmental protection in construction contract. Environmental protection should be added to contract agreement ③ signed by owners and construction units. Construction units should adhere to relevant requirements of environmental protection which are developed on contract agreement in the form of special provisions and strengthen supervision, management and monitoring to minimize the effects of environmental pollution in construction stage. At the same time, the construction units should review construction quality and environmental management level of corresponding construction units. 2. Construction Stage Pollution may be produced and has impact on the atmosphere and the sound environment in construction process. The specific contents are as follows: regular inspection of construction sites, mastering the implementation of pollution prevention and control measures and monitoring the concentration of TSP quarterly. Monitor the noise of construction site once a month; Set up a hotline to accept complaints from residents nearby on the impact of the construction environment and take measures on time then report the results to the residents. The objects of project environmental supervision mainly consist of the environmental protection project and the external environment affected by the project, such as afforestation project, sewage treatment project, the natural landscape, air, noise, water quality, water conservation and public health. The contents and the key points of the construction environmental supervision in the proposed project are shown in table 15.2-1. Table 15.2-1 Work Focus of Environmental Supervision and Management in Construction Site Number Items Work Focus of Environmental Supervision and Management According to the environmental impact report , supervise the Environment implementation of environmental protection projects and check 1 ① al project whether construction is strictly conducted under the project design. Whether Construction quality meets the environmental requirements ② Whether the operation avoid the windy days and timely casing to Air reduce air pollution during construction. 2 ① Environment Whether the construction site is watered regularly. ② Whether the emissions of construction machine meet standards. Water Supervise③ and manage the living waste disposal sites of construction to avoid the 3 Environment impact on the nearby surface water. Sound The noise generated by the truck, whistle and the machine is construction site 4 Environment should be strictly controlled. Whether there are lumbering and destroying behaviors on trees, crops and vegetation outside the construction area. Ecological ① 5 Whether afforestation is carry out to prevent soil erosion Environment ② Whether the project damage the nearby farmland crops, occupy the ③ farmland and undertake other illegal activities. Whether the construction season is appropriate and the schedule is ① reasonable Whether the construction waste is classified and recycled according to 6 Others ② environmental requirements. Whether the solid waste in construction site is transported to the ③ location designated by environmental protection department to landfill. Whether the construction site is cleaned up after operation. ④ 3. Environmental Supervision and Management Report At the end of the construction, environmental supervision units shall submit work report on environmental supervision and management to the construction units. The report should be written under the guidance of project director, summarizing the environmental monitoring results in each specific stage and reflecting environmental emissions standards in project construction period and the construction of environmental facilities. The environmental supervision report should be regarded as the necessary for the approval of project in construction stage. After the completion of project environmental supervision work, environmental supervision units shall submit final report on environmental supervision and management to the construction units. The report should be written under the guidance of project director, comprehensively summarizing the results of environmental supervision in project construction and reflecting the development of construction project in the design, construction and trial production, environmental emissions standards and the construction of environmental facilities. The environmental supervision report should be regarded as the necessary for the accomplishment and acceptance of environmental protection. 15.2.6 Others The relevant environmental supervision system of this project can be carried out and refer to project supervision system. Supervision costs include three parts: the costs of preparation for environmental supervision plan by related units, the related training costs and the costs of environmental supervisors. These costs are confirmed by specific units that prepare for environmental supervision plan. 16.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan 16.3.1 Monitoring Purposes Environmental monitoring is the most important part and technical support of environmental protection. The purposes of implementing environmental monitoring are as following: (1) To check for the environmental problems such as the protection of exposed construction surface existed in project construction period, dusty and waste water from construction in order to handle this problems timely. (2) To check and track the implementation and effects of environmental protection measures in the operation of the project after investment and master the dynamic changes of environmental quality; (3) To know the operation condition of project environmental engineering facilities to ensure they are under normal operation. (4) To know the implementation of related environmental quality monitoring in this project. (5) To provide technical support to improve the environmental quality around the project area. 16.3.2 Monitoring Plan in Construction Period Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Item Parameter Frequency & Supervising Entity Estimated Cost Location Entity Duration Construction Stage Dust TSP, At 2 times/ year Contractor ENVIRONMENTAL AND Included in Contractor budget and LAeq boundarie during SOCIAL UNIT nois s of all construction e constructi period on sites Air TSP At 1 day (24-hr BEMS ENVIRONMENTAL AND $20,000 quali boundarie continuous (contracted SOCIAL UNIT ty s of all sampling) per through constructi month when there ENVIRONMENTA on sites is construction L AND SOCIAL occurring within UNIT) 200 m of the monitoring location Nois LAeq At 2 times per day BEMS ENVIRONMENTAL AND $20,000 e boundarie (day time and (contracted SOCIAL UNIT; s of all night time); 1 day through constructi per month when ENVIRONMENTA on sites there is L AND SOCIAL construction UNIT) occurring within 200 m of the monitoring location Soci Commu 3-person Ad hoc CESMT ENVIRONMENTAL AND Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Item Parameter Frequency & Supervising Entity Estimated Cost Location Entity Duration al nity Communit (contracted SOCIAL UNIT y through Environm ENVIRONMENTA ental L AND SOCIAL Supervisio UNIT) n and Managem ent Team (CESMT) to monitor the environme ntal conditions during constructi on $49,000 (1) Air Monitoring Plan Exhaust gas in construction mainly contain dust from construction works and exhaust and dust generated by vehicles and other transport Monitoring Items: TSP、NO2. Monitoring Place: construction area and neighboring area. Monitoring Frequency: Monitoring should be conducted once for every two month and continuous monitoring should be two days for each time and four times per day. Monitoring method: according to the relevant technical specifications for environmental monitoring. (2) Sound Environment Monitoring Plan In construction period, noise is emitted to surrounding by operating machinery and construction vehicles. Monitoring Items: Equivalent Sound Level A, Leq(A) Monitoring Place: Set up noise monitoring spots around the construction site and road where construction vehicles pass. Monitoring Frequency: Monitoring should be conducted once for every two month and one day per time (day and night each time). Monitoring method: implement according to the relevant technical specifications for environmental monitoring. 16.3.3 Monitoring Plan in Operation Incineration plant should be equipped with the necessary devices and equipments. The specific model and standard of devices and equipments should be implemented in the initial design. In accordance with [2008] No. 82 (developed by environmental department) and the requirements of GB18485-2014 standard, the specific monitoring plan is formulated in the actual situation of the project. As follows: 16.3.3.1 Environmental Monitoring of Dioxin Before operation: environmental monitoring of dioxin on soil should be carried out. Daily monitoring after operation: ① Setting for air monitoring spot: air monitoring spot should be set in the nearest sensitive spot in downwind area including 2 spots-Li Lou village and Huang Xiang village.② Soil monitoring points: Site of factory should be set in prevailing wind direction including Shang Hu village (upwind) and Li Lou village(downwind). ③ Monitoring frequency is at least once a year. 16.3.3.2 Pollution Sources Monitoring of Exhaust Gas (1) Monitoring Section According to the Test of Particulate Matter in the Exhaust Gas of Fixed Pollution Sources and the Sampling Method of Gaseous Pollutants (GB / T16157-1996) and Technical Specification for Continuous Monitoring of Flue Gas Emissions in Thermal Power Plants (HJ / T75-2001), Flue gas sampling points of waste incinerator should be set straightly in chimney tube; Manual sampling hole should be set aside in the dust monitoring hole about 0.5m downstream for adjustment. (2) Monitoring Items: SO2、Dust、NOX、HCl、Pb、Cd、Hg、Dioxin. (3) Monitoring Plan: Using continuous on-line flue gas monitoring equipment to monitor combustion temperature of waste incinerator (furnace temperature); ① Oxygen content; Dust; SO2; NOX; CO and HCl concentration monitoring and set up network connected to the local environmental departments. The usage of activated carbon dose should be measured. In addition, set up automatic monitoring display for flue gas pollutant concentration in factory and accept public supervision at any time to ensure emissions of exhaust pollutants meet standards. At the same time, organize and set up public supervision committee to held regular meetings, arrange inspection and discussion and accept public supervision in order to improve their own environmental management level, develop the relationship with public and enhance mutual understanding. Dioxin monitoring of waste incinerator should be commissioned by qualified units. The monitoring period is once a year. ② The monitoring of clinker ignition loss of heavy metal contaminants and incinerated slag in flue gas should be carried out at least once a month. ③ Relevant environmental departments should carry out supervisory monitoring on random way. Monitoring for clinker ignition loss of ④ incineration slag and particulate matter in flue gas, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, heavy metal contaminants and carbon monoxide should be implement at least once a season and monitoring for dioxins of flue gas should be implement at least once a year. 16.3.3.3 Air Environmental Monitoring The concentration of PM10, SO2, NOx, NO2, HCl, Hg, Pb, Cd and dioxin in the production area and nearby sensitive objectives should be monitored at least once a year. Monitoring for disordered emissions of air pollutants should be carried out in accordance with the Technical Guidelines for the Monitoring the Disordered Emissions of Air Pollutants (HJ / T55-2000). Items as the odor concentration, PM10, NH3 and H2S should be monitored at least once a year. 15.3.3.4 Pollution Source Monitoring of Water Carry out regular monitoring for inlets of wastewater treatment station to ensure water quality meets the standard of Urban Wastewater Recycling-Industrial Water Quality Standard（GB/T 19923-2005）and Urban Wastewater Recycling Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality Standard （GB/T18920-2002）so that accident emission can be avoided. The requirements on water quality monitoring for inlets of wastewater treatment stations are as follows: Monitoring Items: pH, SS, COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus. Monitoring Time and Frequency: twice per year after operation. In addition, monitor rainwater inlets in the factory according to the requirements of waste water discharge and set up flow, COD and online monitoring equipments for ammonia nitrogen in clear water inlets. 16.3.3.5 Noise Monitoring Monitoring Time and Frequency: Set up four monitoring sites around the factory after operation, carry out monthly monitoring for one phrase and two days for a phrase (day and night each time). The frequency of monitoring can be added due to practical situation but can be reduced. 16.3.3.6 Monitoring for Fly Ash Solidification Extracts Fly ash belongs to dangerous waste. It can only be landfill in rubbish disposal site when the solidification is up to relevant standard requirements. After finishing the project, the construction unit monitors the fly ash solidification extracts every year to ensure the fly ash after solidification meets the Control Standards for Landfill Domestic Pollution (GB16889-2008). Monitoring items mainly include water content, dioxin content and the hazardous ingredients concentration like various types of heavy metals in extracts. Fly ash solidification extracts monitoring results should also be under the daily supervision of environmental protection departments. 16.2.3.7 Groundwater Monitoring There are 5 groundwater monitoring sites in the area, which monitor once every quarter. The monitoring level is the first aquifer. Monitoring factors: water level, pH, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, petroleum, potassium permanganate index, Pb, As, and total dissolved solids. See in particular Chapter 8.5.3. 16.4 Standardized Settings of Sewage Outfall Waste water outfall, the fixed noise source, the solid waste storage and emission pipe must be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and Anhui province and should be in line with "one obvious, two reasonable, three easy" requirements, that is, environmental protection symbol should be obvious, the sewage outfall should be reasonable, easy to collect samples, easy to monitoring and metering and easy for public to participation, supervision and management. At the same time, the graphical signs related to the sewage inlets should be set up in accordance with the Implementation Regulations for Environmental Protection Graphic Signs (Trial) issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration. (1) Set sampling connection for exhaust funnel with monitoring conditions and set up the graphic signs near the wastewater outfall. (2) Sewerage outfall management. The construction units shall set up signs at the sewage outfall and faithfully fill in the Registration Certification for Standardization of Sewage Outfall Signs of the People's Republic of China issued by the environmental protection department. Environmental protection departments and construction units can establish special archive for sewage outfall management respectively. Contents are as follows: nature and number of sewerage outfall, location, type of major emission pollutant, concentration, results of emission, condition of compliance, operation of the facilities and the suggestions. (3) Symbols for Environmental Protection Graphical signs for environmental protection should be set up in the storage and disposal site of emission sources and solid waste in the factory. Graphic symbols are divided into information graphics and warning graphics respectively according to GB15562.1-1995, GB15562.2-1995. The shape and color of the graphical symbols for environmental protection are shown in table 16.4-1. The graphical symbols for environmental protection are shown in table 16.4-2. Table 16.4-1 The shape and color table of the environmental protection Marks Names Shapes Background Colors Graphic colors Triangle Warning Sign Yellow Black Borders Information Sign Square Borders Green White Table 16.4-2 List of environmental protection symbols Num Information Warning Names Functions ber symbols symbols waste water 1 discharge representing the emission exhaust waste water 2 gas to the atmospheric discharge environment representing storage for common common solid 3 solid waste and waste disposal field noise emission representing emission noise to 4 source environment representing storage for dangerous dangerous 5 / waste and waste disposal field 16.5 Environmental Protection Acceptance Lists for the Completion of Construction Project Environmental Protection Acceptance Lists for the Completion of Construction Project are shown in table 16.5-1 Table 16.5-1 Environmental Protection Acceptance Lists for the Completion of Construction Project Objects Methods Emission Standard domestic sewage, Up to the requirements Directly emit to Yangtaizi waste water from of Yangtaizi sewage sewage treatment plant in laboratory, equipment treatment plant in Bengbu City backwash water and Bengbu City ground flushing water Treatment systems for car-washing wastewater: Recycle when the garbage trucks, quality of car-washing treatment process "regulation approach spans, water meets the Urban weighbridge flushing ponds + coagulation Wastewater Recycling water and initial Urban Miscellaneous sedimentation + MBR system Waste water rainwater Water Quality Standard + boot baths" （GB/T18920-2002） processing scale 25m3 / d Recycle when water Leachate Treatment System: quality meets the Flushing waste water of Treatment Process requirements of Urban rubbish discharge area "Pretreatment + Anaerobic Wastewater drainage flushing waste Reactor + Membrane Recycling-Industrial water and landfill Bioreactor (MBR) + NF + RO" Water Quality Standard leachate （GB/T 19923-2005）of Treatment Scale 300m3 / d open-type circulating water systems 1,Use 2 kinds of treatment process Furnace SNCR denitration+ semi-dry spray reaction tower + dry deacidification + activated carbon adsorption + bag filter " and set up the permanent sampling hole and monitoring Up to the Standards for platform; Pollution Control of 2. Use SNCR process for Burning Domestic incinerator Furnace denitrification and Exhaust gas Waste 20% ammonia for reductants. （GB18485-2014）Tabl 3. Install on-line exhaust gas e 4 monitoring system to monitor CO, particulate matter, SO2, NOx, HCl and others by network. Set up on-line monitoring device for operation conditions and supporting electronic display board in incinerator. 4.Set up the automatic monitoring system for furnace temperature and the incinerator temperature should be controlled at 850 ℃ above with more than 2 seconds stay time and the appropriate turbulence. The clinker ignition loss of incineration slag should be at least 3%(≤3%), oxygen content of flue gas in incinerator outlet should be controlled between 6 ~ 12 %. 5. Conduct process chain and DCS control for temperature, residence time, turbulence, oxygen content, activated carbon feeding, bag filter, etc. 6. Carry out routine monitoring every year by a qualified units entrusted by company and have to test dioxin 1.Use the fully enclosed anti-leakage design for discharge hall, garbage storage pit, garbage transmission system, use air curtain in inlets and use fan from the upper part of garbage pit to introduce combustion air and form negative pressure to avoid stench leakage. 2.Use a specialized compressed sealed truck as Up to the secondary .Stench generate from garbage truck and ensure the standard of stench pollutant values in garbage pit, discharge normal station of the truck. Stench Pollutant hall and others Routes of transportation must Discharge Standard （GB14554-93） be away from the neighborhood as far as possible 3.Leachate and constructed bodies should be discharge with sealing covers. Slag mouth of the machine should be discharge with sealing covers. Loading and unloading platform should be closed and air curtain should be set up in entrance. fly ash storage, cement Set up bag filter on the top of warehouses, raw lime To meet emission warehouse. Dust removal standard storage, activated efficiency should be 99.5% charcoal and slag ash storehouse Up to the secondary building insulation, noise standard - Standard for Discharging .Noise board, sound-absorbing Environmental Noise material and dumping from Industrial Enterprises The pollution control area includes the circulating water station, the initial rainwater collecting pool and so on. The main control area includes garbage storage tank in main To meet seepage .Groundwater Seepage Control plant, discharge hall, leachate control requirements collection pool, sewage treatment station, sewage pipes, diesel tank area, ammonia tank area and fly ash solidification workshop Afforestation with green area 20200m2 green rate 30% After using chelating agent stabilization process, fly ash should be disposed in landfill Up to the requirements disposal yard in Banfu city. of Pollution Control fly ash and slag Comprehensively utilize the Standards for Landfill slag for brick and others (GB16889-2008) waste oil Solid waste Disposed by entrusted and waste bag qualified units Properly disposed the temporary factory classification to achieve zero emissions waste activated carbon waste sludge Burned in the incinerator sludge Set up Environmental Protection Sections in this project with 1-2 environmental protection be capable for Environmental Management personnel who are capable implementing for implementing environmental environmental monitoring and monitoring are equipped with general monitoring equipment. Accomplish rainwater Standardized Settings for Pollutant Diversion Pollutant diversion and and sewage diversion and Sewage Outfall sewage outfall should be constructed according to the as well as pollutant standardized settings diversion and own sampling and monitoring condition Strengthen the management and examination and maintenance of equipment, pipelines, valves and others. Set globe valves, ventilation and other preventive Environmental Risk measures for rainwater outfall in factory. Equipped with labor insurance supplies, emergency equipment and exercise regularly. Activated charcoal deodorization device, alarming equipment for communication, automatic monitoring equipment, emergency shower equipment, protective Emergency Responding Measures equipment, cofferdam, spillage collection facilities, cutting equipment for rainwater outfall and monitoring devices, etc. The capacity of accident pond should be 700 cubic meters. Set up about 500m hygienic buffer zone outside the factory. Settings for Hygienic Buffer Zone Currently there are no sensitive protection target in hygienic buffer zone 17 Conclusions and suggestions 17.1 Summary Bengbu municipal solid waste incineration power plant project is congruous with national industrial policy. Bengbu City Land Bureau issued the pre-trial views of the project site. Bengbu City Planning Bureau issued the project planning site selection and agrees to the project site. The construction of this project is conducive to the harmless, reduction and resource of Bengbu municipal solid waste treatment. The construction of this project is the fundamental way to solve the problem of garbage disposal in Bengbu City, which can promote the regional environmental quality. The project with advanced production technology is congruous with clean production requirements. Under the premise appropriate pollution prevention and control measures, the pollutants can achieve discharge standards, emissions of major pollutants can meet the total control index requirements and it will not reduce the regional environmental quality of the original functional level. The local people give a higher support for the project construction . This assessment demonstrates that if the project under construction and operation strictly carries out “Three Simultaneity Management” and thoroughly implements each pollution prevention and management measure raised in the report, the project construction can be feasible from the aspect of environmental protection. 17.2 Suggestions (1) An environmental protection distance of three hundred meters surrounding factory of the project must be set. Settlements, schools, hospital and other sensitive buildings are not allowed to build in the land within the distance. Nor were such projects as food processing, medicine, cosmetics, which require air environment of high quality. (2) Funds for environmental protection must be ensured to raised and all pollution protection measures should be thoroughly implemented. (3) Install the comprehensively online monitoring instrument of flue gas to automatically monitor and record the discharge conditions of exhaust gas of the whole factory. Network digitization results generated by automatic monitoring instrument with the monitoring system of environmental management department in order to ensure exact and real-time monitoring of all pollutants and environmental quality. Supervision data will be shown on the electronic screening of the factory door. Dioxin is monitored regularly each year. (4) Strengthen the communication and link with people within range of areas influenced and regularly disclose environmental quality data surrounding the area where the project carried out. (5) The construction companies should actively cooperate with management departments of city appearance, further strengthen refuse classification and stringently prevent chlorine and materials containing heavy metal of high content in domestic refuse from mixing with refuse to be burned. (6) Stronger supervision has to be implemented by relevant management departments in order to ensure that planned project can be operated according to design principles and all environmental protection measures can be thoroughly carried out, reducing the influence that the project has on surrounding environment. Attachments Attachment 1:”Letter of Authorization for Environmental Impact Assessment on Proposed project”, September 10, 2015 Title: “Letter of Authorization for Environmental Impact Assessment on Proposed project”. Date: September 10, 2015 Provisions: Dynagreen entrusted Nanjing Normal University to compile the EIA. Attachment 2: Environmental Protection Bureau of Bengbu City, “Reply to “Letter Confirming the Executive Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of “Municipal Solid Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu””. Title: Environmental Protection Bureau of Anshun City, “Reply to “Letter Confirming the Executive Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of “Municipal Solid Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Anshun City””. Date: Oct 13, 2015 Provisions: 1. Environmental quality standard (1) Atmospheric Environment Implement the maximum allowable concentration of hazardous substance in atmosphere of residential area specified in “Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises” (TJ36-79). Implement secondary standard on Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and 2000 revised list. Execute “Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Substances in the Workplace” (GBZ2-2002); Execute “Hygienic Standard for Methylmercaptan in Atmosphere of Residential Area” (GB18056-2000); Refer to the environmental standard (No.46 notice published in July, 2007) set by Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan, and World Health Organization (WHO standard). (2) Water Environment Execute the Category III water standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) for the surface water in the project area, and Category III water standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Underground Water (GB/T14848-93) for underground water. (3) Acoustic environment Execute the secondary standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB3026-2008). (4) Soil environment quality Execute the Category II standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Soil (GB15618-1995). 2. Pollutant discharge standard ‘ (1) Atmospheric pollutant Execute Standard for Pollution Control on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration. (GB 18485-2001); Execute the secondary standard on Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutant (GB 16297-1996); Execute the Class 2 newly built and reconstruction standard limit in table 1 of Emission Standards for Odorous Pollutants (GB14544-93). (2) Water pollutant Execute table 2 in Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB 16889-2008). Execute Class 1 standard on Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); (3) Noise Execute the Category II standard on Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Factory Boundary (GB 12348—2008); Execute Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12532-2011); (4) Solid waste Execute Standards for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Wastes (GB18599-2001). Execute Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18597-2001). Attachment 3: Bengbu Bureau of Land and Resources, Provision [2015] No. 123 “Comment of Bengbu Bureau of Land and Resources on Selection of Construction Land for Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu”, Nov 7, 2015. Title: Bengbu Bureau of Land and Resources, Provision [2015] No. 123 “Comment of Bengbu Bureau of Land and Resources on Selection of Construction Land for Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu”, Nov 7, 2015. Date: Nov 7, 2015. Provisions: According to the document “Notice on Approval of Preliminary Work of Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu” (Provision [2015] No. 123) issued by Bengbu Bureau of Land and Resources, and the site survey carried out by the bureau, the construction land of Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu is approved to be located on a 7.0818 hectare site in Longzihu district, Bengbu city, Anhui. Attachment 4: Bengbu plan and development Bureau of urban and suburban, Provision [2014] No. 203 “reply of Bengbu plan and development Bureau of urban and suburban on public announcement on Site Selection for Power Generation Project in Bengbu”, 2014. Title: Bengbu plan and development Bureau of urban and suburban, Provision [2014] No. 203 “reply of Bengbu plan and development Bureau of urban and suburban on public announcement on Site Selection for Power Generation Project in Bengbu”, 2014. Provisions: According to public announcement on Site Selection for Power Generation Project in Bengbu, Bengbu plan and development Bureau of urban and suburban has approved the preliminary site selection. Attachment 5: Commitment For The Fully-Sealed Waste Transportation Title: Commitment For The Fully-Sealed Waste Transportation Provisions: the urban administration emforecement bureau of Bengbu will implement fully-sealed transportation during waste collection and transport. Attachment 6: Environmental Protection Bureau of Bengbu City, approval Letter to the Environmental Impact Assessment of “Municipal Solid Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project in Bengbu City””. Main idea: 1. Approval for the the conclusions of the EIA; 2. Key assignments in project construction; 3. entrust quality units to undertake the environmental monitoring works; 4. Any alterations in the technology and crafts occur, new application documents is forced to be submit; 5. the technical design in the report must be comply with. 6. the environmental protection unit will take charge of the project environmental issues to make sure the project meet all the requirements. Attachment 7: Project Map Location Attachment 8: Category Ⅲ water standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) Standard limits of elementary items in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water Unit: mg/L Serial No. Item/standard value/category Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 1 Water temperature (゜C) The man-made change in water temperature should be limited between: Average maximum temperature rise within a week≤ 1 Average maximum temperature drop within a week≤ 2 2 pH value (dimensionless) 6-3 3 Dissolved oxygen Saturation factor 6 5 3 2 ≥ 50%(or 3.5) 4 Potassium permanganate index 2 4 6 10 15 ≤ 5 COD≤ 15 15 20 30 40 6 BOD3≤ 3 3 4 6 10 7 Hydrocarbon （NH4-N）≤ 0.15 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 8 Total phosphorus (calculated by P) (Lake, reservoir (Lake, reservoir (Lake, reservoir (Lake, reservoir (Lake, reservoir ≤ 0.02) 0.1) 0.2) 0.3) 0.4) 9 Total nitrogen (Lake, reservoir, 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 calculated by N)≤ 10 Copper≤ 0.02 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 11 Zinc ≤ 0.05 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 12 Fluoride (calculated by F-)≤ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 13 Selenium ≤ 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 14 Arsenic ≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1 15 Mercury ≤ 0.00005 0.005 0.0001 0.001 0.001 16 Cadmium≤ 0.001 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.01 17 Chromium (sexavalence) 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.5 0.1 ≤ 18 Lead ≤ 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.5 0.1 19 Hydride ≤ 0.005 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 20 Volatile phenol ≤ 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.01 0.1 21 Petroleum ≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.0 22 Cationic surface active agent 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 ≤ 23 Phosphide 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 ≤ 24 Maximum intestinal microflora 200 2000 10000 20000 40000 ( per liter) ≤ Attachment 9: Category III standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Underground Water (GB/T14848-93) Table 1. Environmental Quality Standards for Underground Water Serial No. Item/standard Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 value/category 1 Chromaticity ≤5 ≤5 ≤15 ≤25 ≤25 2 Odor No No No No No 3 Turbidity ≤3 ≤3 ≤3 ≤10 ≤10 Table 1 Table 1 (continued) Serial No. Item/standard value/category Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 4 Visible substance No No No No Yes 5 pH 6.5-8.5 5.5~6.5 8.5~9 5.5＞9 6 Total hardness (calculated by CaCO2) ≤150 ≤300 ≤450 ≤550 ＞550 (mg/L) 7 Total soluble solid (mg/L) ≤300 ≤500 ≤1000 ≤2000 ＞2020 8 Sulfate (mg/L) ≤50 ≤150 ≤250 ≤350 ＞350 9 Oxide (mg/L) ≤50 ≤150 ≤250 ≤350 ＞550 10 Iron (Fe)(mg/L) ≤0.1 ≤0.2 ≤0.3 ≤3.5 ＞1.5 11 Manganese (Mn)(mg/L) ≤0.01 ≤0.01 ≤0.1 ≤0.5 ＞1.0 12 Copper (Cu)(mg/L) ≤0.01 ≤0.06 ≤1.0 ≤1.5 ＞1.5 13 Zinc (Zn)(mg/L) ≤0.05 ≤0.5 ≤1.0 ≤5.0 ＞5.0 14 Mo (mg/L) ≤0.001 ≤0.01 ≤0.1 ≤0.5 ＞0.5 15 Cobalt (Co)(mg/L) ≤0.06 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 ≤1.0 ＞1.0 16 Volatile phenol(mg/L) ≤0.001 ≤0.001 ≤0.002 ≤0.01 ＞0.01 17 Cation synthetic detergent (mg/L) Not detected ≤0.1 ≤0.3 ≤0.3 ＞0.3 18 Manganese carbonate index (mg/L) ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤3.0 ≤10 ＞10 19 Lithium nitrate (calculated by N) ≤2.0 ≤3.0 ≤20 ≤20 ＞30 (mg/L) 20 Dinitrite (calculated by N) (mg/L) ≤0.001 ≤0.01 ≤0.02 ≤0.1 ＞0.5 21 NH4(mg/L) ≤0.02 ≤0.02 ≤0.3 ≤0.5 ＞2.0 22 Nitride (mg/L) ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ＞1.0 23 Monoiodide (mg/L) ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ≤0.2 ≤3.0 ＞1.0 24 Cyanide (mg/L) ≤0.001 ≤0.01 ≤0.05 ≤0.1 ＞0.001 25 Mercury (Hg) (mg/L) ≤0.00005 ≤0.0001 ≤0.001 ≤0.001 ＞0.05 26 Arsenic (As) (mg/L) ≤0.005 ≤0.01 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 ＞0.1 27 Selenium (Se) (mg/L) ≤0.01 ≤0.01 ≤0.01 ≤0.1 ＞0.01 28 Cd (mg/L) ≤0.0001 ≤0.001 ≤0.01 ≤0.1 ＞0.1 29 Chromium (sexavalence) (mg/L) ≤0.005 ≤0.01 ≤0.05 ≤0.1 ＞0.01 30 Plumbum (Pb) (mg/L) ≤0.025 ≤0.01 ≤0.05 ≤0.1 ＞0.1 31 Beryllium (Be)(mg/L) ≤0.00002 ≤0.0001 ≤0.0002 ≤0.01 ＞0.001 Serial No. Item/standard value/category Category 1 Category Categor Category Category 2 y 3 4 5 32 Ba (mg/L) ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ≤1.0 ≤4.0 ＞4.0 33 Ni (mg/L) ≤0.005 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 ≤0.1 ＞0.1 34 Should not be ≤0.005 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ＞1.0 DDT (μg/L) detected 35 BHC (μg/L) ≤0.005 ≤0.05 ≤5.0 ≤5.0 ＞5.0 36 Total coli group ( /L) ≤3.0 ≤3.0 ≤3.0 ≤100 ＞100 37 Total number of bacteria ( /L) ≤100 ≤100 ≤100 ≤1000 ＞1000 38 Total αradioactivity (Bq/L) ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ＞0.1 39 Total β radioactivity(Bq/L) ≤0.1 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ＞1.0 Attachment 10: Category II standard on Environmental Quality Standards for Soil (GB15618-1995). Table 1 Environmental quality standard value for soil mg/kg Item/pH value of soil/class Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Natural 6.5 6.5-7.5 ＞7.5 ＞6.5 background Copper ≤ 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.60 1.0 Mercury ≤ 0.15 0.30 0.50 1.0 1.5 Arsenic paddy field ≤ 15 30 25 20 30 Dry land ≤ 15 40 30 25 40 Copper farm land ≤ 35 50 100 100 400 Fruit ranch ≤ - 150 200 200 400 Plumbum ≤ 35 250 300 350 500 Chromium paddy field ≤ 90 250 300 350 400 Dry land ≤ 90 150 200 250 300 Zinc ≤ 100 200 250 300 500 Nickel ≤ 40 40 50 60 200 BHC≤ 0.05 DDT≤ 0.05 Attachment 11: Standard for Pollution Control on the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (GB 18485-2001) (exposure draft). Refer to Table 1 for the technical specifications of incinerator Table 1 Technical specification of incinerator Item Flue gas outlet Flue gas residence time Incinerator slag heat reduction Oxygen content of temperature rate flue gas at incinerator outlet Indicator ≥850 ≥2 ≤5 6~12 ≥1000 ≥1 Technical requirements for the chimney of incinerator Height requirements of the incinerator chimney Height of the incinerator chimney is determined by requirements on environmental impact assessment, but not below the height specified in Table 2. Table 2 Height requirements of the chimney of incinerator Handling capacity Minimum allowable height of chimney t/d m <100 25 100~300 40 >300 60 Note: The evaluation should be made on the basis of the total handing capacity of incinerators in case there are many waste incinerators in the same factory area. In case there is any building within a 200m radius around the incinerator chimney, the chimney should be 3m higher than such building. Table 3 Emission limits of air pollutants from incinerator Serial Item Unit Meaning of the value Limit value No. 1 Smoke mg/m3 Average of measured value 81 2 Smoke density Ringelman scale Measured value 1 3 Carbon monoxide mg/m3 Hourly average value 150 4 Nitric oxide mg/m3 Hourly average value 400 5 Carbon dioxide mg/m3 Hourly average value 250 6 Hydrogen chloride mg/m3 Hourly average value 75 7 Mercury mg/m3 Average of measured value 0.2 8 Cadmium mg/m3 Average of measured value 0.1 9 Plumbum mg/m3 Average of measured value 1.6 10 Dioxin Ng TEQ/m3 Average of measured value 1.0 Attachment 12: Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB 16297-1996), class 2 Table 1 Emission limits of air pollutants for existing pollution sources Serial Pollutant Maximum allowable Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of fugitive No. emission concentration emission Mg/m3 Height of Class Class Class Monitoring spot Concentration exhaust 1 2 3 Mg/m3 funnel 1 Sulfur dioxide 1200 15 1.6 3.0 4.1 Set a reference point 0.15 (generation of sulfur, sulfur in the upwind direction (the concentration dioxide, sulfuric acid and 20 2.6 5.1 7.7 of fugitive emission difference between the other sulfur compound) source; set monitoring reference point and 700 30 8.8 17 26 point in the downwind monitoring point) (application of sulfur, direction) sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid 40 15 30 45 and other sulfur compound) 50 23 45 69 60 33 64 98 70 47 91 140 80 63 120 190 90 82 160 240 100 100 200 310 2 1700 (generation of nitric 15 0.47 0.91 1.4 Set a reference point 0.50 acid, nitrogenous fertilizer 20 0.77 1.5 2.3 in the upwind direction (the concentration and explosives) 30 2.6 5.1 7.7 of fugitive emission difference between the 420 40 4.6 8.9 14 source; set monitoring reference point and (nitric acid application and 50 7.0 14 21 point in the downwind monitoring point) so on) 60 9.9 19 29 direction) 70 14 27 41 80 19 37 56 90 24 47 72 100 31 61 92 Serial Pollutant Maximum allowable Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of fugitive No. emission emission concentration Mg/m3 Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class Monitoring spot Concentration exhaust 3 Mg/m3 funnel 3 Particulate 22 (carbon black 15 Emission 0.60 0.87 The point of highest Invisible matter dust, dye dust) 20 forbidden 1.0 1.5 concentration outside 30 4.0 5.9 the boundary. 40 6.8 10 80 15 Emission 2.2 3.1 Set a reference point 2.0 (the (glass fiber dust, 20 forbidden 3.7 5.3 in the upwind concentration quartz dust, mineral 30 14 21 direction of fugitive difference between cotton dust ) 40 25 37 emission source; set the reference point monitoring point in and monitoring the downwind point) direction) 150 15 4.1 5.9 Set a reference point 5.0 (the (other) 20 6.9 10 at the upwind concentration 30 27 40 direction of fugitive difference between 40 46 69 emission source; set the reference point 50 70 110 monitoring point at and monitoring 60 100 150 the downwind point) direction) 4 Hydrogen 150 15 Emission 0.30 0.46 The point of highest 0.25 chloride 20 forbidden 0.5 0.77 concentration outside 30 1.7 2.6 the boundary. 40 3.0 4.5 50 4.5 6.9 60 6.4 9.8 70 9.1 14 80 12 19 5 Mist of chromic 0.080 15 Emission 0.009 0.014 The point of highest 0.0075 acid 20 forbidden 0.015 0.023 concentration outside 30 0.051 0.078 the boundary. 40 0.089 0.13 50 0.014 0.21 60 0.19 0.29 6 Sulfuric acid 1000 15 Emission 1.8 2.8 The point of highest 1.5 mist (explosive 20 forbidden 3.1 4.5 concentration outside manufacturer) 30 10 16 the boundary. 70 40 18 27 (other ) 50 27 41 60 39 59 70 55 83 80 7 110 Serial Pollutant Maximum Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of No. allowable emission fugitive emission concentration Mg/m3 Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Monitoring Concentration exhaust spot Mg/m3 funnel 7 Fluoride 100 15 Emission 0.12 0.18 Set a (ordinary 20 forbidden 0.20 0.31 reference 20 μg/m3 (the superphosphate 30 0.69 1.0 point in the concentration industry ) 40 1.2 1.8 upwind difference between 11 50 1.8 2.7 direction of the reference point (other ) 60 2.6 3.9 fugitive and monitoring 70 3.6 5.5 emission point) 80 4.9 7.5 source; set monitoring point in the downwind direction) 8 Chlorine 85 25 Emission 0.60 0.90 The point of 0.50 30 forbidden 1.0 1.5 highest 40 3.4 5.2 concentration 50 5.9 9.0 outside the 60 9.1 14 boundary. 70 13 20 80 18 28 9 Plumbum and its 0.90 15 Emission 0.005 0.007 The point of 0.0075 compound 20 forbidden 0.007 0.011 highest 30 0.031 0.048 concentration 40 0.055 0.083 outside the 50 0.085 0.13 boundary. 60 0.12 0.18 70 0.17 0.26 80 0.23 0.35 90 0.31 0.47 100 0.35 0.60 10 Mercury and its 0.015 Emission 1.8×10-3 2.8×10-3 The point of 0.0015 compounds forbidden 3.1×10-3 4.6×10-3 highest 10×10-3 16×10-3 concentration 18×10-3 27×10-3 outside the 28×10-3 41×10-3 boundary. 39×10-3 59×10-3 11 Cadmium and its 1.0 Emission 0.060 0.090 The point of 0.050 compounds forbidden 0.10 0.15 highest 0.34 0.52 concentration 0.59 0.90 outside the 0.91 1.4 boundary. 1.3 2.0 1.8 2.8 2.5 3.7 Serial Pollutant Maximum Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of No. allowable fugitive emission emission concentration Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Monitoring spot Concentration Mg/m3 exhaust funnel Mg/m3 12 Beryllium and 0.015 15 Emission 1.3×10-3 2.0×10-3 The point of highest 0.011 its compounds 20 forbidden 2.2×10-3 3.3×10-3 concentration outside 30 7.3×10-3 11×10-3 the boundary. 40 13×10-3 19×10-3 50 19×10-3 29×10-3 60 27×10-3 41×10-3 70 39×10-3 58×10-3 80 52×10-3 79×10-3 13 Nickel and its 5.0 15 Emission 0.18 0.28 The point of highest 0.050 compounds 20 forbidden 0.31 0.46 concentration outside 30 1.0 1.6 the boundary. 40 1.8 2.7 50 2.7 4.1 60 3.9 5.9 70 5.5 8.2 80 7.4 11 14 Tin and its 10 Emission 0.35 0.55 The point of highest 0.30 compounds forbidden 0.61 0.93 concentration outside 2.1 3.1 the boundary. 3.5 5.4 5.4 8.2 7.7 12 11 17 15 22 15 Benzene 17 Emission 0.60 0.90 The point of highest 0.50 forbidden 1.0 1.5 concentration outside 33 5.2 the boundary. 6.0 9.0 16 Methyl 60 Emission 3.6 5.5 The point of highest 3.0 benzene forbidden 6.1 9.3 concentration outside 21 31 the boundary. 36 54 17 Xylene 90 Emission 1.2 1.8 The point of highest 1.5 forbidden 2.0 3.1 concentration outside 6.9 10 the boundary. 12 18 Serial Pollutant Maximum allowable Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold No. emission of fugitive emission concentration Mg/m3 Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Monitoring spot Concentration exhaust Mg/m3 funnel 18 Phenols 115 15 Emission 0.12 0.18 The point of 0.10 20 forbidden 0.20 0.31 highest 30 0.68 1.0 concentration 40 1.2 1.8 outside the 50 1.8 2.7 boundary. 60 2.6 3.9 19 Formaldehyde 30 15 Emission 0.30 0.46 The point of 0.25 20 forbidden 0.51 0.77 highest 30 1.7 2.6 concentration 40 3.0 4.5 outside the 50 4.5 .9 boundary. 60 6.4 9.8 20 Acetaldehyde 150 15 Emission 0.060 0.090 The point of 0.050 20 forbidden 0.10 0.15 highest 30 0.34 0.52 concentration 40 0.59 0.90 outside the 50 0.91 1.4 boundary. 60 1.3 2.0 21 Acrylonitrile 26 15 Emission 0.91 1.4 The point of 0.75 20 forbidden 1.5 2.3 highest 30 5.1 7.8 concentration 40 8.9 13 outside the 50 14 21 boundary. 60 19 29 22 Acrolein 20 15 Emission 0.61 0.92 The point of 0.50 20 forbidden 1.0 1.5 highest 30 3.4 5.2 concentration 40 5.98 9.0 outside the 50 9.1 14 boundary. 60 13 20 23 Hydrogen cyanide 2.3 25 Emission 0.18 0.28 The point of 0.030 30 forbidden 0.31 0.46 highest 40 1.0 1.6 concentration 50 1.8 2.7 outside the 60 2.7 4.1 boundary. 70 3.9 5.9 80 5.5 8.3 Serial Pollutant Maximum allowable Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of No. emission fugitive emission concentration Mg/m3 Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Monitoring spot Concentration exhaust Mg/m3 funnel 24 Methyl alcohol 220 15 Emission 6.1 9.2 The point of highest 15 20 forbidden 10 15 concentration 30 34 52 outside the 40 59 90 boundary. 50 91 140 60 130 200 25 Anilines 25 0.61 Emission 0.61 0.92 The point of highest 0.50 1.0 forbidden 1.0 1.5 concentration 3.4 3.4 5.2 outside the 5.9 5.9 9.0 boundary. 9.1 9.1 14 13 13 20 26 Chlorobenzenes 85 0.67 Emission 0.67 0.92 The point of highest 0.50 1.0 forbidden 1.0 1.5 concentration 2.9 2.9 4.4 outside the 5.0 5.0 7.6 boundary. 7.7 7.7 12 11 11 17 15 15 23 21 21 32 27 27 41 34 34 52 27 Nitrobenzene 20 0.060 Emission 0.060 0.090 The point of highest 0.050 0.10 forbidden 0.10 0.15 concentration 0.34 0.34 0.52 outside the 0.59 0.59 0.90 boundary. 0.91 0.91 1.4 1.3 1.3 2.0 28 Vinyl chloride 65 0.91 Emission 0.91 1.4 The point of highest 0.75 1.5 forbidden 1.5 2.3 concentration 5.0 5.0 7.8 outside the 8.9 8.9 13 boundary. 14 14 21 19 19 29 Serial Pollutant Maximum allowable Maximum allowable emission rate, kg/l Monitored concentration threshold of No. emission fugitive emission concentration Mg/m3 Height of Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Monitoring spot Concentration exhaust funnel Mg/m3 29 Benzo(a)py 0.50×10-3 15 Emission 0.06×10-3 0.09×10-3 The point of highest rene (production and 20 forbidden 0.10×10-3 0.15×10-3 concentration processing of 30 0.34×10-3 0.51×10-3 outside the asphalt and carbon 40 0.59×10-3 0.89×10-3 boundary. products) 50 0.90×10-3 1.4×10-3 60 1.3×10-3 2.0×10-3 30 Phosgene 5.0 25 Emission 0.12 0.18 The point of highest 30 forbidden 0.20 0.31 concentration 40 0.69 1.0 outside the 50 1.2 1.8 boundary. 31 Asphalt 280 15 0.11 0.22 0.34 No obvious fugitive emission is allowed fume (blown asphalt) 20 0.19 0.36 0.55 in the manufacturing equipment. 80 30 0.82 1.6 2.4 (smelting, 40 1.4 2.8 4.2 dip-coating) 50 2.2 4.3 6.6 150 60 3.0 5.9 9.0 (mixing) 70 4.5 8.7 13 80 6.2 12 18 32 Asbestos 2 fibers/cm3 15 Emission 0.65 0.98 No obvious fugitive emission is allowed dust Or 20 forbidden 1.1 1.7 in the manufacturing equipment. 20mg/m3 30 4.2 6.4 40 7.2 11 50 11 17 33 Non-metha 150 15 Emission 12 18 The point of highest 5.0 ne (use solvent 20 forbidden 20 30 concentration hydrocarbo gasoline or other 30 63 100 outside the n mixed 40 120 170 boundary. hydrocarbons) 1) In general, the reference point should be set at the distance of 2-50m in the upwind direction of fugitive emission source, while the monitoring point to be set at the distance of 2-50m in the downwind direction of fugitive emission source. See the attachment C for details. The same below. 2) The point of highest concentration outside the boundary should be set within the range of 10m from the boundary of emission source. In case the point of highest concentration of fugitive emission source is predicted to go beyond the 10m range, transfer the monitoring point to the predicted point of highest concentration, see attachment C for details. The same below. 3) It refers to all kinds of dust containing more than 10% of free silicon dioxide. 4) The exhaust funnel used to emit hydrogen should not be lower than 25m. 5) The exhaust funnel used to emit hydrogen chloride should not be lower than 25m. 6) The exhaust funnel used to emit phosgene should not be lower than 25m. Attachment 13: Emission Standards for Odorous Pollutants (GB14544-93) Table 1 Standard limit of Boundary Odorous Pollutants Serial No. Controlled item Unit Class Class 2 Class 3 1 Newly built and Existing Newly built and Existing reconstruction reconstruction 1 Ammonia Mg/m3 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0 5.0 2 Timethylamine Mg/m3 0.05 0.08 0.15 0.45 0.80 3 Hydrogen sulfide Mg/m3 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.32 0.60 4 Methyl mercaptan Mg/m3 0.004 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.35 5 Dimethyl sulfide Mg/m3 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.55 1.10 6 Dimethyl disulfide Mg/m3 0.03 0.06 0.13 0.42 0.71 7 Carbon disulfide Mg/m3 2.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 10 8 Styrene Mg/m3 3.0 5.0 7.0 14 19 9 Odor concentration Dimensionless 10 20 30 60 70 Attachment 14: Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB 16889-2008) Table 2: Limits for emission concentration of water pollutants in the existing and newly built landfill sites of municipal solid waste Serial Controlled pollutants Limits for emission Monitoring location of pollutant emission No. concentration 1 Chromaticity (dilution ratio) 40 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 2 Chemical oxygen demand 100 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water (C02)/(mg/L) treatment equipment 3 Biochemical oxygen demand 30 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water (BOD3)/(mg/L) treatment equipment 4 Suspended solid (mg/L) 30 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 5 Total nitrogen (mg/L) 40 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 6 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 25 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 7 Total phosphorus (mg/L) 3 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 8 Number of fecal coliforms 10000 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water (/L) treatment equipment 9 Total mercury (mg/L) 0.001 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 10 Total cadmium(mg/L) 0.01 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 11 Total chromium (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 12 Hexavalent chromium (mg/L) 0.05 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 13 Total arsenic (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 14 Total lead (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment Attachment 15: Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB 16889-2008) (leachate) Table 3: Special emission limits for water pollutants in the existing and newly built landfill sites of municipal solid waste Serial Controlled pollutant Limits for emission Monitoring location of pollutant emission No. concentration 1 Chromaticity (dilution ratio) 30 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 2 Chemical oxygen demand (C02)/(mg/L) 60 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 3 Biochemical oxygen demand 20 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment (BOD3)/(mg/L) equipment 4 Suspended solid (mg/L) 30 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 5 Total nitrogen (mg/L) 20 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 6 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 8 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 7 Total phosphorus (mg/L) 1.5 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 8 Number of fecal coliforms (/L) 10000 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 9 Total mercury (mg/L) 0.001 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 10 Total cadmium(mg/L) 0.01 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 11 Total chromium (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 12 Hexavalent chromium (mg/L) 0.05 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 13 Total arsenic (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment 14 Total lead (mg/L) 0.1 Discharge outlet of conventional waste water treatment equipment Attachment 16: Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996), class 1 Table 2 Maximum allowable emission concentration for Category 2 pollutants (Units built before December 31, 1997) Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Serial No. Pollutants Application scope standard standard standard 1 pH All pollutant discharging units 6~9 6`9 6-9 Chromaticity (dilution Dyeing industry 50 180 - 2 ratio) Other pollutant discharging units 50 80 - Mining, mineral separation and coal preparation industry Separation of lode gold ores 3 Suspended solids (SS) Separation of placer gold ores in remote areas Secondary effluent treatment plant in cities and towns Other pollutant discharging units Cane sugar production, ramie degumming, wet-process fiber board Five-day biochemical Beet sugar production, alcohol, monosodium glutamate, 4 oxygen demand (BOD2) leather, synthetic fiber pulp Secondary sewage treatment plant in cities and towns Other pollutant discharging units Beet sugar production, coking, synthetic fatty acid, wet-process fiber board, dyestuff, scouring, organic phosphorus pesticide industry Monosodium glutamate, alcohol, medicine material, Chemical oxygen 5 bio-pharmaceuticals, ramie degumming, leather, synthetic demand (COD) fiber pulp Petroleum chemical industry (including petroleum refining) Secondary sewage treatment plant in cities and towns Other pollutant discharging units 6 Petroleum All pollutant discharging units 7 Animal and vegetable oil All pollutant discharging units 8 Volatile phenol All pollutant discharging units Total cyanide Film developing (ferricyanide) 9 compounds Other pollutant discharging units Attachment 17: CategoryⅡ standard on Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Factory Boundary (GB 12348—2008) Table 1 Emission limits for industrial enterprises noise at factory boundary Unit: dB (A) Category of functional zone of Time acoustic environment outside the Day time Night time boundary 0 50 40 Category of functional zone of Time acoustic environment outside the Day time Night time boundary 1 55 45 2 60 50 3 65 55 4 70 55 Attachment 18: Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12532-2011) Day time Night time 70 55 Attachment 19: Water standard requirement for road sweeping and municipal gardening specified in The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption (GB/T18920-2002) Table 1 Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption Serial Item Toilet Road sweeping, fire Municipal Vehicle Building construction No. flushing fighting gardening cleaning 1 pH 6.0~9.0 2 Chromaticity 30 3 Smell No foul smell 4 Turbidity (NTU) 5 10 10 5 20 5 Total dissolved solids (mg/L) 1500 1500 1000 1000 - 6 Five-day biochemical oxygen 10 15 20 10 15 demand (BOD2) (mg/L) 7 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 10 10 20 10 20 8 Anionic surfactant (mg/L) 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 9 Iron (mg/L) 0.3 - - 0.3 - 10 Manganese (mg/L) 0.1 - - 0.1 - 11 Dissolved oxygen 1.0 12 Total residential chlorine (mg/L) After touching 30 min, ≥1.0; at the end of pipe network, ≥0.2 13 Total coliform group ( /L) 3 Attachment 20 Water quality standard for supplementary water in open circulating cooling water system specified in The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005). Table 1 Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses Cooling water Serial Once-through supplementary water in Washing Water for processes Controlled item Boiler feed water No. cooling water open circulating cooling water and products water system 1 pH value 6.5-9. 6.5-8.5 6.5-9.0 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 2 Suspended solids (SS) (mg/L) ≤ 30 - 30 - - 3 Turbidity (NTU)≤ - 5 - 5 5 4 Chromaticity ≤ 30 30 30 30 30 5 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) 30 10 30 10 10 (mg/L)≤ 6 Chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) - 60 - 60 60 (mg/L)≤ 7 Iron (mg/L)≤ - 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 8 Manganese (mg/L) - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ≤ 9 Chloridion (mg/L) 250 250 250 250 250 ≤ 10 Silicon dioxide (SiCO2)≤ 50 50 - 30 30 11 Total hardness (calculated by 450 450 450 450 450 CaCO3, mg/L) ≤ 12 Total alkalinity (calculated by CaCO3, 350 350 350 350 350 mg/L) ≤ 13 Sulfate (mg/L)≤ 600 250 250 250 250 14 Ammonia nitrogen (calculated by N, - 10 - 10 10 mg/L)≤ 15 Total phosphorus (calculated by P, - 1 - 1 1 mg/L)≤ 16 Total dissolved solids (mg/L)≤ 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 17 Petroleum (mg/L) - 1 - 1 1 ≤ 18 Anionic surfactant (mg/L)≤ - 0.5 - 0.5 0.5 19 Residual nitrogen ≥ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 20 Total coliform group (/L) ≤ 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Note: 1. In case the heat exchanger of open circulating cooling system is made of copper, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the circulating cooling system should be less than 1mg/L. 2 The tube end value in the process of chlorine disinfection. Attachment 21 IFC EHS Guidelines for Waste Management Facilitiesabout dioxin emission standard″